CN112920870A - Biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112920870A
CN112920870A CN202110093362.XA CN202110093362A CN112920870A CN 112920870 A CN112920870 A CN 112920870A CN 202110093362 A CN202110093362 A CN 202110093362A CN 112920870 A CN112920870 A CN 112920870A
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straw
ash
fuel
straw fuel
biomass
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樊传刚
樊曦
樊鲁倩
张垂明
陈仪涛
李�杰
李家茂
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Anhui Ronggong Boda Environmental Protection Technology And Materials Research Institute Co Ltd
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Anhui Ronggong Boda Environmental Protection Technology And Materials Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/14—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production
    • C10L2290/141—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production of additive or catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling performance and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of biomass straw utilization. The biomass straw fuel comprises straw powder, carbide slag and industrial byproduct gypsum, and the components in percentage by mass are as follows: 80-95% of straw powder, 2.5-17.5% of carbide slag and 2.5-17.5% of industrial byproduct gypsum. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the problem that the fire grate of the flue is blocked by the combustion of the biomass straw fuel can be effectively solved, the smooth combustion is ensured, the problem that the environment is seriously polluted due to the random accumulation of large solid wastes such as phosphogypsum and other industrial by-products, carbide slag and the like is also solved, and the most effective and maximum resource utilization of the large solid wastes is realized.

Description

Biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass straw utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling performance, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The biomass energy is energy from solar energy, can generate a large amount of new biomass every year, is stable renewable energy, determines the low price of raw materials, and has remarkable sustainable advantages over traditional fossil energy such as coal and the like along with the continuous improvement of forming technology and the continuous reduction of processing cost. Biomass pellet fuel has much less pollutants than bituminous coal: the solid residue is about 6 percent mostly, or even about 2 percent, and is much less than the residue (18 to 25 percent) of the coal; the calorific value of the biomass granular fuel is mostly over 16000kJ/kg, and the calorific value of the biomass granular fuel is basically equivalent to that of common bituminous coal. However, the content of alkali metal elements in the biomass is generally high, and the alkali metal easily reacts with other ash-forming elements such as chlorine and silicon in the combustion and utilization process of the biomass to generate substances with low melting points, so that the slag formation on the heating surface of the boiler is caused. For example, in the original corn stalk, the content of element Si is the largest (21.5%), and K is the next (20.6%), the content of Ca in metal elements is also large (6.83%), Na and Mg are small (0.24% and 2.46%), Al and Fe are close to zero, the content of trace element P, Cl is also small, and most biomass stalk ash takes potassium silicate as a main component, so that the melting point is low, and the boiler ash is deposited and slagged.
The melting point difference of biomass ash is very large, especially between wood biomass and straw biomass, the melting point difference of the ash is 400-500 ℃. The melting point of ash of the wood biomass granular fuel mainly developed abroad is generally higher, generally higher than 1200 ℃, the problems of blockage of a flue or a hearth and the like due to ash deposition and slag bonding in the combustion process can be avoided, and the wood biomass granular fuel is convenient for automatic continuous combustion. But is not suitable for developing wood particle fuel in China, and the development of straw biomass particle fuel is extremely suitable for the national conditions of China. The crop straws with huge production in China mainly comprise corn straws, rice straws, wheat straws and the like, the ash content of the straws has a generally low melting point, and the problem of ash deposition and slagging can be generated at a lower temperature (700-900 ℃), the ash deposition and slagging can block a flue, a fire grate and the like, so that combustion cannot be carried out, the temperature cannot meet the use of industrial boilers, even cannot meet the use of small and medium-sized heating boilers, great troubles are brought to the development of biomass granular fuels, the development of the biomass granular fuel industry is seriously hindered, and the problem of ash deposition and slagging of the ash content of the biomass granular fuels becomes a key problem for hindering the development of the biomass granular fuel industry. The melting point of the ash content of the straw can be improved to a certain extent by adopting the following method: 1. the problem that the ash content of the corn straws is too low can be solved to a certain extent by respectively mixing the soybean straws and the peanut shells into the corn straws, but other biomasses are mixed into the corn straws in the method, the method only slightly influences the heat value, the ash content and the like of the composite biomass granular fuel, and the biomass energy can be reasonably utilized to meet the needs of people; 2. the problem of over-low melting point of the ash content of the corn straws is solved by blending the inorganic additives into the corn straws, and the method has great influence on the heat value, the ash content and the like of the composite biomass granular fuel, so the mass percentage of the blended inorganic additives has to be reasonably controlled.
In addition, as a big agricultural country, China is the world with the largest phosphate fertilizer production and application, and according to statistics of the China Association for the phosphate fertilizer industry, 2016, the phosphate fertilizer (P) in China2O5Measured) yield reaches 2470 ten thousand tons, and the demand of the agriculture for phosphate fertilizer is continuously increased at present. The phosphate fertilizer not only pollutes the water environment in the application process, but also produces a large amount of by-product phosphogypsum in the production process. By 2016 (9) months, the annual emission of phosphogypsum in China reaches 5000 multiplied by 104t about, the cumulative amount of stockpiled exceeds 3X 108t. The total accumulated amount of the piles reaches 56 hundred million tons and is increased at a speed of 1.1 hundred million to 1.5 hundred million tons per year, 2025The prediction will double during 2040 years. Although the utilization ways of the phosphogypsum are more than 50 in the global scope, the phosphogypsum treatment consumes a large amount of capital due to the limitation of the technical and economic bottlenecks of resource utilization, the utilization rate is only 10-30%, and the phosphogypsum does not reach the production balance. A large amount of waste phosphogypsum is often directly stacked in the open air, not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes complex and persistent pollution problems to surface water, soil or underground water due to phosphorus-containing compounds, fluorides, sulfates, trace metals, organic matters and radioactive substances in the phosphogypsum; meanwhile, the phosphogypsum yard can cause harm to the atmospheric environment due to the corrosion of the pile body and the overflow of harmful vapor containing heavy metal, sulfate, fluosilicate and hydrogen fluoride. At present, the mature method for treating and disposing the phosphogypsum at home and abroad comprises the following steps: producing building material building block bricks, producing sulfuric acid and co-producing cement additives, producing ammonium sulfate, performing anti-seepage treatment on a storage field to temporarily stack phosphogypsum, producing phosphogypsum plates, decorative materials and the like. The provision of the Chinese resource comprehensive utilization technology policy outline jointly issued by six committees such as national committee for development and improvement: 1. the comprehensive utilization technology of phosphogypsum for preparing sulfuric acid and co-producing cement, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, potassium ammonium sulfate and the like as chemical raw materials is popularized; 2. popularizing the comprehensive utilization technology of phosphogypsum-made cement retarder, gypsum plaster board, building gypsum, plastering gypsum, building block and other building material products; 3. the phosphogypsum is used as the best scheme for preparing acid and building materials by the phosphogypsum in the saline-alkali soil improvement technology and the like. However, the main component of phosphogypsum is CaSO4·2H2O, removing 3/2 water to obtain CaSO4·1/2H2O, the ardealite has air hardness gelling performance after being converted into building gypsum, and the product has poor water resistance, so that the application of the ardealite to building materials is limited. Besides the phosphorus gypsum, the main component of the titanium gypsum slag obtained by acid water neutralization treatment in the titanium dioxide production process, the citric acid gypsum obtained by wastewater treatment in the citric acid production, the desulfurized gypsum obtained by flue gas desulfurization and other industrial byproduct gypsum bulk solid wastes is CaSO4·2H2O, the current disposal difficulties are also greater.
Meanwhile, carbide slag is a bulk solid waste which is difficult to treat at present. The wet acetylene preparation device by the calcium carbide method is widely applied in China, waste slag slurry (wet calcium carbide slag, referred to as 'calcium carbide slag') generated by the method is a byproduct in wet acetylene production, and the reaction process is as follows:
CaCO3→CaO+CO2
CaO+3C→CaC2(calcium carbide) + CO
CaC2+2H2O→C2H2(acetylene) + Ca (OH)2(carbide slag).
The water content of the carbide slag can reach 85% -95%, the water content of the carbide slag can reach 60% -70% after the carbide slag is settled in the settling pond, if the carbide slag is piled for a certain time, the water content of the carbide slag can reach 50% -55% after the water is naturally evaporated, and after that, if the water is naturally reduced, the dehydration is very difficult, so that if any carbide slag is naturally piled, the environment is necessarily seriously polluted.
Relevant patents on the preparation of biomass fuels have been published after retrieval. For example, the application with the Chinese patent application number of 201711179067.6 discloses a high-efficiency biomass solid fuel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-efficiency biomass solid fuel is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 120-150 parts of straw, 30-45 parts of shell skin, 4-8 parts of synergist, 5-9 parts of combustion-supporting adhesive, 8-14 parts of magnesium oxide and 6-12 parts of carbide slag. Although the application adopts the straws and the carbide slag, the solid waste utilization rate of the application is relatively low, and the overall scheme of the application needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problems that the combustion of the existing biomass straw fuel can block a flue grate to cause that the combustion cannot be carried out, and the existing industrial byproducts such as gypsum, carbide slag and the like are difficult to treat and are randomly accumulated to cause serious environmental pollution, and provides the biomass straw fuel with the gelatinization performance of incineration ash, and a preparation method and application thereof. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the problem that the fire grate of the flue is blocked by the combustion of the biomass straw fuel can be effectively solved, the smooth combustion is ensured, the problem that the environment is seriously polluted due to the random accumulation of large solid wastes such as phosphogypsum and other industrial by-products, carbide slag and the like is also solved, and the most effective and maximum resource utilization of the large solid wastes is realized.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80-95% of straw powder
2.5 to 17.5 percent of carbide slag
2.5-17.5% of industrial by-product gypsum.
Furthermore, the straw powder is at least one of straw stalks, wheat stalks, corn stalks, sorghum stalks, bean stalks, cotton stalks and rape stalks, and the granularity of the powder is less than 5mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm.
Furthermore, the content of the hydrated lime in the carbide slag is higher than 80%, and the granularity of the carbide slag is less than 0.1 mm.
Furthermore, the industrial by-product gypsum is one of phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum, citric acid gypsum and desulfurized gypsum, and the granularity of the industrial by-product gypsum is less than 0.1 mm.
Further, the industrial by-product gypsum is preferably CaSO4·2H2Phosphogypsum with O content higher than 80%.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, disclosed by the invention, comprises the following preparation processes of: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and industrial byproduct gypsum, stirring uniformly, adding straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a molded blank of the straw fuel; then, extruding and molding the straw fuel molding blank or punching and molding the straw fuel molding blank into a straw fuel particle blank; and finally, naturally air-drying or drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the biomass straw fuel particles.
Furthermore, when the straw fuel molding blank is added into a millstone extrusion type straw fuel molding machine for extrusion molding, the temperature is controlled to be 100-300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 1-6 MPa; when the straw fuel molding blank is added into a ram punching type straw fuel molding machine for punch molding, the straw fuel molding blank is impacted at a high speed of 280-320 times per minute.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance, the biomass straw fuel particles are put into a boiler for combustion, the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then used for thermal engineering, and the straw furnace ash left after combustion can be used as a volcanic ash reaction excitant for an inorganic gelatinization material.
Furthermore, the inorganic cementing material comprises straw furnace ash, artificial volcanic ash and portland cement clinker, wherein the mass ratio of the artificial volcanic ash to the straw furnace ash is 0-70%, the mass ratio of the straw furnace ash to the straw furnace ash is 30-100%, and the mass ratio of the portland cement clinker is 0-10%.
Furthermore, the artificial volcanic ash comprises at least one of steel slag, slag and fly ash, and the optimal mixture ratio of the artificial volcanic ash, the straw furnace ash and the portland cement clinker is as follows: the mass ratio of the artificial volcanic ash to the straw furnace ash is 50-60%, the mass ratio of the straw furnace ash to the straw furnace ash is 30-40%, and the mass ratio of the portland cement clinker is 0-10%.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, the straw powder, the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum are used as raw materials of the biomass straw fuel, the component types and the mass ratio of the raw materials are optimally designed, the content of each component is strictly controlled, the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property is jointly prepared by utilizing the synergistic effect of the straw, the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, the problem that a flue grate is blocked due to ash deposition and slag formation caused by combustion of the biomass straw fuel is effectively solved, the problem that a large amount of solid wastes such as phosphogypsum and the like and the carbide slag are difficult to treat and randomly deposited to seriously pollute the environment is solved, and the most effective and maximum recycling utilization of the large amount of solid wastes is realized.
(2) According to the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance, the undisturbed carbide slag, phosphogypsum and other industrial by-products gypsum which has potential gelatinization after high-temperature treatment are used as the adding components of the straw fuel particles, so that a certain framework effect is ensured, the high-temperature oxidation reaction degree of the straw fuel is improved, the combustion of the straw fuel is sufficient, and the total carbon residue rate in the straw ash is reduced.
(3) According to the preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the burnt ash having the gelling property, the carbide slag, the industrial byproduct gypsum and the straw powder are mixed and stirred, and then are extruded and molded into the straw fuel particle blank body, so that the biomass straw fuel meeting the requirement can be prepared, and part of energy generated by straw combustion can be directly used as energy required by phosphogypsum and carbide slag solid waste harmfulness removal pretreatment and activation, so that the pretreatment cost is obviously reduced.
(4) The invention relates to a preparation method of biomass straw fuel with incineration ash and gelling performance, which is characterized in that two forming methods are selectively provided to form a straw fuel particle blank from a straw fuel forming blank, and the temperature and the extrusion pressure during extrusion forming are strictly controlled, or the impact frequency during stamping forming is controlled, so that the quality of the prepared straw fuel particles is ensured, and the density of the prepared straw fuel particles is ensured to be more than 1g/cm3. And the phosphogypsum and the carbide slag cannot be melted under the high-temperature condition of straw fuel combustion, so that the binding force of the furnace ash is weaker, the furnace ash particles are extremely easy to crush, and the grinding cost in the subsequent utilization is reduced. And in the combustion process of the straw fuel, Ca (OH) in the carbide slag2Also has sulfur fixing and desulfurizing effects, and the generated CaSO4·2H2O also becomes a chemically excited component of the pozzolanic reaction.
(5) The invention relates to an application of biomass straw fuel with ash incineration and gelling property, which is characterized in that straw furnace ash left after the biomass straw fuel is combusted is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in inorganic gelling material raw materials and is used for preparing clinker-free cement products or clinker-less cement products, the ratio of gypsum to calcium oxide in the straw ash is large, the melting temperature of the high-temperature furnace ash is increased, so that the ash can not be bonded with high-temperature parts of boilers such as grates, hearths, furnace linings and the like, the boiler is prevented from being blocked, and the service life of the boiler is prolonged.
(6) The invention relates to application of biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property, and CaO and CaSO are formed by necessary excitation of volcanic ash reaction in straw ash4And also contains SiO2、Al2O3Isoactive silicon aluminum component and K2O、Na2And the straw ash can be directly used as a cementing material, and can also be used as a chemical excitation material of high-temperature solid wastes (such as artificial volcanic ash of fly ash, steel slag, slag and the like) with the characteristic of volcanic ash reaction discharged in industries such as metallurgy, electric power and the like, so that the solid wastes can be converted into high-performance hydraulic cementing materials, and the performance of the cementing materials can be comparable to that of common cement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the contents of the components of straw furnace ash in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
At present, industrial by-products such as phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum slag and the like and large solid wastes such as carbide slag in China are difficult to treat, and random accumulation causes severe environmental pollution. In addition, because the melting point of the ash content in the straw fuel is generally low, the problem of ash deposition and slag bonding can be generated at a lower temperature, and the ash deposition and slag bonding can block a flue, a grate and the like, so that the combustion cannot be carried out, great troubles are brought to the development of the biomass granular fuel, and the development of the biomass granular fuel industry is seriously hindered.
Based on the above problems, the inventor of the invention finally provides a biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property through a plurality of tests, and the biomass straw fuel is prepared by utilizing straw powder, carbide slag and industrial byproduct gypsum. However, at present, relevant people have studied about the preparation process of straw fuel, for example, the application with patent application number 201711179067.6 in the background art, but the inventor of the application only uses straw as biomass fuel, so the carbide slag or desulfurized gypsum is only used for increasing the melting point of straw ash, and meanwhile, in order to reduce the generation amount of straw ash, the inorganic solid waste amount is only less than 1% of the straw amount, and the solid waste utilization rate is relatively low. The invention aims to convert inert solid waste into active solid waste as a cementing material or a raw material of the cementing material while utilizing partial combustion heat of straws, and the solid waste is doped more than 5% of the straw through the synergistic effect of the straws, the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, so that straw ash, the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum are converted into raw materials with the cementing property after high temperature, and when the heat released by straw combustion is utilized, a large amount of solid waste carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum are also utilized in a large scale with high added value, and the utilization rate of the solid waste is effectively improved.
According to the invention, a large amount of solid wastes are added into the straw fuel to increase the melting point of ash, and the ash has strong volcanic ash reaction characteristics, so that the ash can replace or partially replace portland cement clinker, and is used for producing a low-carbon emission-reduction green cementing material. Specifically, the biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling performance comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80-95% of straw powder
2.5 to 17.5 percent of carbide slag
2.5-17.5% of industrial by-product gypsum.
The straw powder is at least one of straw stalks, wheat stalks, corn stalks, sorghum stalks, bean stalks, cotton stalks and rape stalks, the granularity of the powder is less than 5mm, and the optimal granularity of the powder is less than 0.5 mm. The content of hydrated lime in the carbide slag is higher than 80%, the water content of the carbide slag is less than 40%, and the granularity of the carbide slag is less than 0.1 mm. The industrial by-product gypsum is one of phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum, citric acid gypsum and desulfurization gypsum, preferably CaSO4·2H2Phosphogypsum with O content higher than 80%, granularity smaller than 0.1mm and water content lower than 40%.
According to the biomass straw fuel, the straw powder, the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum are used as raw materials of the biomass straw fuel, the types of the components of the raw materials are optimized, the mass ratio of the components is optimized, the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property is prepared by utilizing the synergistic effect of the straw, the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, the problem of ash deposition and slag bonding caused by the combustion of the straw fuel is effectively solved, the smooth combustion is ensured, the raw materials are wide in source and low in price, wastes are comprehensively utilized, the most effective and maximum resource utilization of a large amount of solid wastes is realized, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the sustainable development of resources is realized. The invention utilizes the high temperature generated by fuel combustion to treat the industrial byproduct gypsum such as carbide slag, phosphogypsum and the like, so that the high temperature oxidation reaction degree of the straw fuel is improved, the straw fuel is fully combusted, and the total carbon residue rate in the straw ash is reduced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, which comprises the following preparation processes:
1) the carbide slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum are respectively dried, weighed, mixed and stirred uniformly, then the straw powder is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred uniformly to obtain the formed blank of the straw fuel.
2) The straw material contains certain cellulose and lignin, and the lignin is a structural monomer in the material, is a phenylpropane-type high molecular compound and has the effects of enhancing cell walls and bonding cellulose. The lignin belongs to amorphous, the main part of the lignin is insoluble in any solvent at normal temperature, the lignin has no melting point but has a softening point, when the temperature reaches a certain value, the lignin is softened to increase the bonding force, and under the action of certain pressure, the cellulose molecular groups are dislocated, deformed and extended, the adjacent biomass particles inside the lignin are mutually engaged, recombined with the phosphogypsum and carbide slag particles and pressed and formed; therefore, the molding blank of the straw fuel is added into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel molding machine, under the combined action of the heating temperature of 100-300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 1-6 Mpa, the lignin in the straw is melted and softened,the blank has plastic property, the formed blank of the straw fuel is extruded and formed into a straw fuel particle blank, and the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm after cooling and hardening3。
3) And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particles or drying the straw fuel particles by using hot air to obtain the biomass straw fuel particles.
When the formed blank of the straw fuel is changed into a straw fuel particle blank, the straw fuel particle blank can also be formed by punching. The formed blank of the straw fuel is added into a feeding port of a ram punching type straw fuel forming machine, under the action of high-speed high-frequency large impact force, the formed blank of the straw fuel is impacted at high speed for 280-320 times (about 300 times) per minute, the formed blank of the straw fuel is punched and formed into a straw fuel particle blank, and the density of the straw fuel particle blank is also more than 1g/cm3. The cross section of the straw fuel particle blank body formed by the millstone extrusion molding or the punch ram stamping molding can be in an equiaxial shape such as a square, a diamond, a circle and the like, and is preferably in a circular equiaxial shape, namely a cylinder shape. According to the invention, part of energy generated by straw combustion is directly used as energy required by phosphogypsum and carbide slag solid waste harmfulness removal pretreatment and activation, so that the pretreatment cost is remarkably reduced; and two methods are selectively provided for forming the formed blank of the straw fuel into a straw fuel particle blank, so that the quality of the prepared straw fuel particle is ensured. In addition, the burnt furnace ash particles are easy to be crushed, so that the grinding cost in the subsequent use is reduced.
The invention also provides a biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance and being used for thermal engineering after being combusted, namely, the air-dried or dried straw fuel particles are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to be ignited and combusted, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then can be used for the thermal engineering purpose; the straw furnace ash left after combustion is discharged from the furnace body and then collected, namely the metallurgical furnace slag and the electric power boiler ash, and can be used as a pozzolan reaction excitant for inorganic cementing materials, such as preparation of clinker-free cement products or clinker-less cement products. In addition, the straw fuel particles are directly combusted in a boiler furnace and then enter the furnace dust of a bag type dust collector along with the flue gas to be collected, and the straw fuel particles can also be used as a volcanic ash reaction excitant for inorganic cementing materials.
When clinker-free cement products or clinker-less cement products are prepared, the straw furnace ash, the artificial volcanic ash and a proper amount of portland cement clinker are mixed and ground (if clinker-free cement products are prepared, the portland cement clinker is not required to be added). The artificial volcanic ash comprises at least one of steel slag, slag and fly ash, and when the artificial volcanic ash is mixed, the straw furnace ash, at least one of the artificial volcanic ash of the steel slag, the fly ash and the like and a small amount of portland cement clinker (or no portland cement clinker) can be mixed and ground; or directly mixing at least one of straw furnace ash, steel slag micropowder, fly ash and other artificial pozzolans, and a small amount of portland cement clinker powder (or portland cement clinker-free powder). In the prepared clinker-free cement product or clinker-less cement product, the mass ratio of the artificial volcanic ash is 0-70%, the mass ratio of the straw furnace ash is 30-100%, and the mass ratio of the portland cement clinker is 0-10%; the optimal proportion of each component is as follows: the mass ratio of the artificial volcanic ash to the straw furnace ash is 50-60%, the mass ratio of the straw furnace ash to the straw furnace ash is 30-40%, and the mass ratio of the portland cement clinker is 0-10%.
The specific surface area of the clinker-free or clinker-less cement prepared by the method is more than or equal to 350m2/kg, its specific surface area is not less than 400m2In terms of/kg. The invention takes the straw furnace ash left by the combustion of the biomass fuel as the volcanic ash reaction excitant to be used for the inorganic cementing material, and the mass ratio of the straw furnace ash, the artificial volcanic ash and the portland cement clinker is strictly controlled in the preparation process, so that the clinker-free cement or the clinker-less cement meeting the requirement can be prepared; and the ratio of gypsum to calcium oxide in the straw ash is relatively large, so that the melting temperature of the high-temperature furnace ash is increased, the boiler is prevented from being blocked by the ash, and the service life of the boiler is prolonged. The straw ash can be directly used as a cementing material, and can also be used as a chemical excitation material of artificial volcanic ash such as fly ash, steel slag, slag and the like which are discharged from industries such as metallurgy, electric power and the like and have the characteristic of volcanic ash reaction, so that the straw ash is converted into a high-performance hydraulic cementing material, and the performance of the straw ash can be comparable to that of common cement.
The clinker-free or clinker-less cement prepared by using the straw furnace dust can replace general portland cement to be used for concrete batching, and the performance of the prepared concrete is the same as the mechanical performance, the working performance and the durability of the general cement concrete under the same binder concentration ratio. The clinker-free or clinker-less cement can also replace general portland cement to be used for soil curing ingredients, and the performance of the prepared curing soil is improved by more than 2 times than that of general cement curing soil under the same clay ratio. The clinker-free or clinker-less cement can also replace general portland cement to be used for fine mud tailing solidification underground cementing filling and fine mud tailing ground cementing solidification dry stacking, and the performance of a tailing cementing filling body and the performance of a tailing cementing solidification dry stacking body are improved by more than 2 times than that of a general cement tailing cementing body under the same cement tailing ratio. The clinker-free or clinker-less cement can also replace general portland cement to be used for the proportioning of a road base material of a cement stabilized gravel layer (cement stabilized layer), the performance of the cement stabilized layer is improved by more than 50 percent compared with the performance of the general cement stabilized layer under the same binder concentration ratio, the building residue can be directly used for replacing gravels, and the performance of the cement stabilized layer is not reduced.
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention better understood and make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass numerical values approximating such ranges or values. For ranges of values, one or more new ranges of values may be obtained by combining the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and the individual values, and the individual values with each other, and these ranges of values should also be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
Example 1
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80% of rice straw powder, 10% of carbide slag and 10% of phosphogypsum. The granularity of the rice straw powder is less than or equal to 4mm, the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08mm, the content of the phosphogypsum is 85 percent, and the granularity of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.07 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding straw powder, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 200 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 3MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. The remaining furnace dust is discharged out of the furnace body and collected, and the furnace dust recovered by the straw fuel particles after being directly combusted in the boiler furnace chamber and entering a bag type dust collector along with flue gas is collected to be used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in inorganic cementing material raw materials, wherein the components and the content of the straw furnace dust can be shown in figure 1 (figure 1 is the composition of biomass fuel furnace dust when the ratio of straw, carbide slag and phosphogypsum is 4:1: 1). And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash and the slag, wherein the straw furnace ash and the slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 55 percent of straw furnace dust and 45 percent of slag to finally obtain a clinker-free slag cement product, wherein the specific surface area of the clinker-free slag cement product is 410m2And/kg, when the soil is solidified, the 28d unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil is 2MPa when the ratio of cement to soil is 1:10 and the molding pressure is 1MPa, the 28d unconfined compressive strength of the general cement solidified soil is 0.5MPa, and the soil sample is common loam.
Example 2
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85% of mixed powder of rice straws and rape straws, 5% of carbide slag and 10% of phosphogypsum. The rice straw and the rape straw in the mixed powder of the rice straw and the rape straw respectively account for 50 percent, and the granularity of the mixed powder is less than or equal to 3 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.05 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.06 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the mixed powder of the rice straws and the rape straws, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; then adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a punch type straw fuel forming machine, punching the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank by high-speed impact for 300 times per minute under the combined action of high-frequency high-speed punching, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace dust, the slag and the portland cement clinker, wherein the straw furnace dust, the slag and the portland cement clinker are prepared from the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 50 percent of straw furnace ash, 40 percent of slag and 10 percent of portland cement clinker are obtained finallyA clinker slag cement product having a specific surface area of 510m2/kg, when the proportion of cement to fine tailings is 1:10 and the concentration of tailing slurry is 50 percent during solidification of the fine tailings, the 28D unconfined compressive strength of a tailings solidified body is 2.5MPa, the 28D unconfined compressive strength of a general cement tailings solidified body is 0.4MPa, the fine tailings are iron tailings, and D in the tailings is50＝17.5μm。
Example 3
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises wheat straw powder, carbide slag and phosphogypsum, and the mass percentage of each component (dry basis) is 90% of the wheat straw powder, 7.5% of the carbide slag and 2.5% of the phosphogypsum. The granularity of the wheat straw powder is less than or equal to 0.4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the wheat straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 100 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 6MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. The residual furnace ash is discharged out of the furnace body and collected, and the furnace ash recovered by the direct combustion of the straw fuel particles in the boiler furnace chamber and the flue gas entering a bag type dust collector is collected as the slag of a metallurgical furnace and the ash of an electric power boilerA reaction excitant of volcanic ash in the inorganic cementing material raw material. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash, the slag and the steel slag, wherein the straw furnace ash, the slag and the steel slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 60 percent of straw furnace ash, 20 percent of slag and 20 percent of steel slag to finally obtain a clinker-free slag cement product, wherein the specific surface area of the clinker-free steel slag cement product is 550m2And/kg, when the soil is solidified, the unconfined compressive strength of the obtained clinker-free soil brick 28d is 20MPa when the ratio of cement to soil is 1:8 and the forming pressure is 10MPa, the unconfined compressive strength of the clinker-free soil brick 28d of the general cement solidified soil is 4.5MPa, and the soil sample is engineering clinker.
Example 4
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property comprises 80% of rice straw powder, 17.5% of carbide slag and 2.5% of desulfurized gypsum by mass percentage (dry basis). The granularity of the rice straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the desulfurized gypsum, stirring uniformly, then adding the rice straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 1MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. Discharging the rest furnace ash out of the furnace body and collecting the furnace ashThe straw fuel particles are directly combusted in a boiler hearth, and then the furnace ash recycled by the flue gas entering a bag type dust collector is collected and used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in inorganic cementing material raw materials as metallurgical furnace slag and electric power boiler ash. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash, the slag and the steel slag, wherein the straw furnace ash, the slag and the steel slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 70 percent of straw furnace ash, 25 percent of slag and 5 percent of steel slag to finally obtain a clinker-free slag cement product, wherein the specific surface area of the clinker-free steel slag cement product is 550m2And/kg, when the original-state phosphogypsum is cured, when the ratio of cement to the phosphogypsum is 1:3 and the molding pressure is 10MPa, the 28d unconfined compressive strength of the baking-free phosphogypsum brick is 30MPa, the 28d unconfined compressive strength of the baking-free phosphogypsum brick of the general cement cured phosphogypsum is 2.5MPa, and the original-state phosphogypsum is the original-state phosphogypsum in Dazhou Vanfu chemical engineering.
Example 5
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property comprises 80% of rice straw powder, 2.5% of carbide slag and 17.5% of titanium gypsum by mass (dry basis). The granularity of the rice straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the granularity of the titanium gypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the titanium gypsum, stirring uniformly, then adding the rice straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 200 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 5MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
In the application of the biomass straw fuel with gelatinization performance of the incineration ash, the natural air is driedThe obtained straw fuel particles are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then used for producing a water vapor product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. Finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace dust, the slag and a small amount of Portland cement clinker, wherein the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70 percent of straw furnace dust, 25 percent of slag and 5 percent of portland cement clinker are obtained, and the clinker-less slag cement product is finally obtained, and the specific surface area of the clinker-less slag cement product is 610m2And/kg, when the dried shield mud is solidified, the ratio of cement to the shield mud is 1:4, and the molding pressure is 20MPa, the obtained baking-free shield mud brick 28d has unconfined compressive strength of 15MPa, the baking-free shield mud brick 28d of the universal cement solidified shield mud has unconfined compressive strength of 3.5MPa, and the original shield mud is Ningbo subway shield mud.
Example 6
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property comprises 80% of rice straw powder, 2.5% of carbide slag and 17.5% of citric acid gypsum by mass (dry basis). The granularity of the rice straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the granularity of the citric acid gypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the citric acid gypsum, stirring uniformly, then adding the rice straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; then adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 1MPa, cooling and hardening, and then compacting and hardening the straw fuel particle blankThe degree is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. Finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace dust, the slag and a small amount of Portland cement clinker, wherein the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70 percent of straw furnace dust, 25 percent of slag and 5 percent of portland cement clinker are obtained, and the clinker-less slag cement product is finally obtained, and the specific surface area of the clinker-less slag cement product is 610m2And/kg, when the dried shield mud is solidified, the ratio of cement to the shield mud is 1:4, and the molding pressure is 30MPa, the obtained baking-free shield mud brick 28d has unconfined compressive strength of 20MPa, the baking-free shield mud brick 28d of the universal cement solidified shield mud has unconfined compressive strength of 4.2MPa, and the original shield mud is Ningbo subway shield mud.
Example 7
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises wheat straw powder, carbide slag and phosphogypsum, and the mass percentage of each component (dry basis) is 95% of the wheat straw powder, 2.5% of the carbide slag and 2.5% of the phosphogypsum. The granularity of the wheat straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the wheat straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; then adding the formed blank of straw fuel intoIn a feed port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, under the combined action of heating temperature of 100 ℃ and extrusion pressure of 6MPa, straw fuel blanks are extruded and formed into straw fuel particle blanks, and after cooling and hardening, the density of the straw fuel particle blanks is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. And finally, grinding 100% of straw furnace dust to finally obtain a clinker-free cement product.
Example 8
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises the components of wheat straw powder, carbide slag and phosphogypsum, and the mass percentage of each component (dry basis) is 80% of the wheat straw powder, 15% of the carbide slag and 5% of the phosphogypsum. The granularity of the wheat straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the wheat straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 100 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 6MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash and the slag, wherein the straw furnace ash and the slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 40 percent of straw furnace ash and 60 percent of slag, and finally obtaining the clinker-free slag cement product.
Example 9
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises the components of wheat straw powder, carbide slag and phosphogypsum, and the mass percentage of each component (dry basis) is 80% of the wheat straw powder, 10% of the carbide slag and 10% of the phosphogypsum. The granularity of the wheat straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the wheat straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 200 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 3MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash and the slag, wherein the straw furnace ash and the slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 30 percent of straw furnace ash and 70 percent of slag, and finally obtaining the clinker-free slag cement product.
Example 10
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises wheat straw powder, carbide slag and phosphogypsum, wherein the mass percentage of each component (dry basis) is 85% of the wheat straw powder, 10% of the carbide slag and 5% of the phosphogypsum. The granularity of the wheat straw powder is less than or equal to 4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the wheat straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 200 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 5MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash and the slag, wherein the straw furnace ash and the slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 50 percent of straw furnace ash and 50 percent of slag, and finally obtaining the clinker-free slag cement product.
Example 11
The biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelatinization performance comprises wheat straw powder, carbide slag and phosphogypsum, and the mass percentage of each component (dry basis) is 90% of the wheat straw powder, 7.5% of the carbide slag and 2.5% of the phosphogypsum. The granularity of the wheat straw powder is less than or equal to 0.4 mm; the granularity of the carbide slag is less than or equal to 0.08 mm; the particle size of the phosphogypsum is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
The preparation method of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property in the embodiment comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum uniformly, then adding the wheat straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a formed blank of the straw fuel; adding the formed blank of the straw fuel into a feeding port of a millstone extrusion type straw fuel forming machine, extruding and forming the straw fuel blank into a straw fuel particle blank under the combined action of the heating temperature of 300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure of 6MPa, and cooling and hardening the straw fuel particle blank until the density of the straw fuel particle blank is more than 1g/cm3(ii) a And finally, naturally air-drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the straw fuel particles.
According to the application of the biomass straw fuel with the incineration ash having the gelling property, straw fuel particles obtained by natural air drying are put into a hearth of a direct-fired boiler to ignite and burn, and the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then is used for producing a steam product for thermal engineering. And discharging the residual furnace ash out of the furnace body, collecting the furnace ash, directly burning the straw fuel particles in a boiler hearth, and then feeding the furnace ash into a bag type dust collector along with flue gas for recycling, wherein the furnace ash is used as a reaction excitant of volcanic ash in raw materials of an inorganic cementing material. And finally, mixing and grinding the straw furnace ash and the slag, wherein the straw furnace ash and the slag comprise the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 55% of straw furnace ash and 45% of slag, and finally obtaining the clinker-free slag cement product.

Claims (10)

1. A biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property is characterized in that: the fuel comprises the components of straw powder, carbide slag and industrial by-product gypsum, and the mass percentage of each component is as follows:
80-95% of straw powder
2.5 to 17.5 percent of carbide slag
2.5-17.5% of industrial by-product gypsum.
2. The biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw powder is at least one of straw stalks, wheat stalks, corn stalks, sorghum stalks, bean stalks, cotton stalks and rape stalks, and the granularity of the powder is less than 5mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm.
3. The biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the content of hydrated lime in the carbide slag is higher than 80%, and the granularity of the carbide slag is less than 0.1 mm.
4. The biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the industrial by-product gypsum is one of phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum, citric acid gypsum and desulfurized gypsum, and the granularity of the industrial by-product gypsum is less than 0.1 mm.
5. The biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the industrial by-product gypsum is preferably CaSO4·2H2Phosphorus with O content higher than 80%And (3) gypsum.
6. A method for preparing biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the preparation process comprises the following steps: respectively drying, weighing and mixing the carbide slag and industrial byproduct gypsum, stirring uniformly, adding straw powder, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a molded blank of the straw fuel; then, extruding and molding the straw fuel molding blank or punching and molding the straw fuel molding blank into a straw fuel particle blank; and finally, naturally air-drying or drying the straw fuel particle blank to obtain the biomass straw fuel particles.
7. The preparation method of biomass straw fuel as claimed in claim 6, wherein: when the straw fuel molding blank is added into a millstone extrusion type straw fuel molding machine for extrusion molding, the temperature is controlled to be 100-300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 1-6 MPa; when the straw fuel molding blank is added into a ram punching type straw fuel molding machine for punch molding, the straw fuel molding blank is impacted at a high speed of 280-320 times per minute.
8. Use of a biomass straw fuel having gelling properties as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the biomass straw fuel particles are put into a boiler for combustion, the released heat is absorbed by the boiler and then used for thermal engineering, and the straw furnace ash left after combustion can be used as a volcanic ash reaction excitant for an inorganic cementing material.
9. The use of the biomass straw fuel with the ash incineration gelling property as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the inorganic cementing material comprises 0-70% of straw furnace ash, 30-100% of straw furnace ash and 0-10% of portland cement clinker.
10. The use of the biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the artificial volcanic ash comprises at least one of steel slag, slag and fly ash, and the optimal ratio of the artificial volcanic ash, the straw furnace ash and the portland cement clinker is as follows: the mass ratio of the artificial volcanic ash to the straw furnace ash is 50-60%, the mass ratio of the straw furnace ash to the straw furnace ash is 30-40%, and the mass ratio of the portland cement clinker is 0-10%.
CN202110093362.XA 2021-01-25 2021-01-25 Biomass straw fuel with incineration ash having gelling property and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN112920870A (en)

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