CN112919738A - Assembly type deep bed filter system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Assembly type deep bed filter system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112919738A CN112919738A CN202110121628.7A CN202110121628A CN112919738A CN 112919738 A CN112919738 A CN 112919738A CN 202110121628 A CN202110121628 A CN 202110121628A CN 112919738 A CN112919738 A CN 112919738A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 190
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/101—Arranged-type packing, e.g. stacks, arrays
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembled deep bed filter system, which comprises a filter body, wherein a filter brick layer, a bearing layer and a filter material layer are sequentially arranged in the filter body from bottom to top; the filter material layer mainly comprises composite fillers with the particle size of 2.0-3.8 mm, the composite fillers are porous ceramic particles, and the bearing layer is mainly formed by alternately arranging the composite fillers and cobblestones; according to the deep-bed filter system, the porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 2.0-3.8 mm are used as the filter material layer, so that the filtering capacity of the filter material layer is increased, the depth of the filter body can be effectively reduced under the condition that the filtering capacity is equivalent to that of the prior art, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an assembled deep-bed filter system and a working method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the country increasingly pays more attention to the environmental problem, and the improvement of urban sewage treatment is in a big trend, wherein the emphasis and difficulty are particularly on the deep removal of the total nitrogen index. The denitrification deep bed filter is one of the technical choices of deep denitrification, and is widely researched and applied in recent years. Compared with other advanced treatment processes, the denitrification deep-bed filter integrates the functions of filtering and denitrification, has slight advantages in the aspects of filter material maintenance cost and denitrification efficiency, and is relatively simple to manage. And the deep bed filter has advantages in the aspects of backwashing water consumption, land occupation, energy consumption and the like. The cost of the whole life cycle is relatively low, the technical economy is excellent, and the method is mainly suitable for the deep denitrification treatment of sewage.
However, the deep bed filter in the prior art has at least the following problems: (1) the denitrification deep bed filter tank has larger depth, thus increasing the investment cost; (2) the water and gas distribution uniformity in the deep bed filter tank needs to be improved; (3) in the control of the carbon source adding amount, the carbon source adding amount is inaccurate, and finally, the sewage treatment effect is poor; (4) the existing denitrification deep bed filter has low degree of automation integration of the whole treatment process, which causes complex operation process and inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembled deep bed filter system and a working method thereof, which solve a plurality of problems in the prior art.
The invention provides an assembled deep bed filter system, which comprises a filter body, wherein a filter brick layer, a bearing layer and a filter material layer are sequentially arranged in the filter body from bottom to top; the filter material layer mainly comprises composite filler with the particle size of 2.0-3.8 mm, the composite filler is porous ceramic particles, and the bearing layer is mainly formed by alternately arranging the composite filler and cobblestones.
Preferably, the porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm account for 50-60% of the composite filler, and the porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 3.5-3.8 mm account for 20-30%.
Preferably, the ratio of the composite filler to the cobbles in the bearing layer is 0.8-1.2: 2.0 to 2.5.
Preferably, the side surface of the filter body is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, a backwashing water inlet, a backwashing water outlet and a backwashing air inlet, the water outlet, the backwashing water inlet and the backwashing air inlet are arranged on the filter body on the side of the filter brick layer, the water inlet and the backwashing water outlet are arranged on the side surface of the opening part of the filter body, the inner side surface of the opening part of the filter body is connected with a water distribution weir, and the water inlet is communicated with the water distribution weir;
and the water inlet, the water outlet, the backwashing water inlet, the backwashing water outlet and the backwashing air inlet are respectively provided with a flow regulating valve, and each flow regulating valve is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller).
Preferably, a first liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom of the water distribution weir in the filter body, a second liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom of the filter material layer, and a third liquid level meter is arranged in the filter brick layer; the first liquid level meter, the second liquid level meter and the third liquid level meter are all in signal connection with the PLC;
the water inlet is provided with a water inlet flow meter and a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, the side surface of a filter material layer in the filter body is provided with an oxygen dissolving instrument, and the water outlet is provided with a water outlet nitrate nitrogen online detector; and the water inlet flow meter, the water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, the dissolved oxygen meter and the water outlet nitrate nitrogen online detector are in signal connection with the PLC.
Preferably, the filter body is connected with a dosing pipe, the outer end of the dosing pipe is connected with a dosing barrel, and the dosing pipe is provided with a carbon source dosing metering pump.
A working method of an assembled deep bed filter system comprises a denitrification method and a backwashing method, wherein the denitrification method sequentially comprises a filtering step, a dosing step and a nitrogen driving step;
the filtering step comprises the steps that sewage to be treated enters a filter tank body from a water inlet after being mixed in a carbon source mixing tank, a water inlet flow meter and a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector at the water inlet detect the water inlet flow and the nitrogen content in water in real time, signals are transmitted to a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the dosage and the opening degree of a flow regulating valve at the water inlet are controlled by the PLC;
the step of adding the carbon source comprises the steps that a PLC (programmable logic controller) obtains a carbon source adding quantity value based on a water inlet quantity signal fed back by a water inlet flow meter, a water inlet nitrate nitrogen concentration signal fed back by a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, a filter dissolved oxygen quantity signal fed back by a dissolved oxygen meter and a set water outlet nitrate nitrogen target value, and feeds back an output signal of the carbon source adding quantity value to a carbon source adding metering pump, so that the carbon source adding metering pump realizes automatic control, and a certain amount of the carbon source is ensured to be added into the filter body from the adding tank;
the nitrogen driving step comprises the steps that a PLC controls a water inlet to stop water inflow based on a set nitrogen driving period, controls a water outlet flow regulating valve to be opened, controls the water outlet to be closed when a first liquid level instrument feedback signal is received and reaches a first liquid level set value, and controls a backwashing water inlet and a backwashing air inlet to be opened to drive nitrogen; when the set time of nitrogen displacement is reached, controlling the backwashing water inlet and the backwashing air inlet to be closed, and controlling the water inlet and the water outlet to be opened; the filtration step is continued.
Preferably, the backwashing method is started when the opening of the PLC controller reaches 100% based on the flow regulating valve of the water outlet, or the liquid level in the filter body drops to the position of a second liquid level meter, or the pressure of a water outlet pipeline connected with the water outlet reaches a pressure set value or a set backwashing period, and the steps are as follows in sequence:
1) closing the water inlet, opening the water outlet flow regulating valve, and ensuring that the liquid level in the filter body is reduced to a position below the water distribution weir;
2) closing the water outlet, opening the backwashing water outlet and the backwashing air inlet, and backwashing independently for 5-10 min by using air;
3) opening a backwashing water inlet, and backwashing for 10-15 min by combining gas and water;
4) closing a backwashing air inlet, backwashing for 5-10 min by using single water, and removing residual air and residual backwashing wastewater in the filter body;
5) and (4) closing the backwashing water inlet, closing the backwashing water outlet, opening the water inlet and the water outlet, and recovering the normal operation of the filter tank.
The assembled deep bed filter system of the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through adopting the porous ceramic granule of particle diameter at 2.0 ~ 3.8mm as the precoat, increase the precoat filtering capacity, under the circumstances that the filtering capacity is equivalent with prior art guaranteeing, can effectual reduction filtering pond body degree of depth, reduce cost.
2. The supporting layer is mainly formed by alternately arranging composite filler and cobblestones, and on the premise of ensuring the supporting effect and capacity of the supporting layer, the filtering capacity of the supporting layer is increased, the filtering capacity of the filter body is further improved, the depth of the filter body can be further reduced, and the cost is reduced.
3. The PLC is adopted to realize full-automatic control, the automation degree is high, the operation is simple, the set parameters are few, the control process is simple, and the failure rate is low.
The working method of the assembled deep bed filter system in the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the filtering step, the dosing step and the nitrogen purging step are carried out alternately, so that the filtering capacity of the filter body and the activity of a filter material layer are ensured, the filtering efficiency of the deep bed filter system is improved, and the service life of the deep bed filter system is prolonged.
2. By controlling the backwashing process, the backwashing capability is improved, the activity of a filter material layer is recovered, the filtering efficiency of the deep bed filter system is improved, and the service life of the deep bed filter system is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a filter body of an assembled deep-bed filter system according to the technical scheme of the invention,
fig. 2 is a pipeline layout diagram of an assembled deep bed filter system according to the technical scheme of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the assembly type deep bed filter system comprises a filter body 1, wherein a filter brick layer 5, a supporting layer 4 and a filter material layer 3 are sequentially arranged in the filter body 1 from bottom to top. And a water distribution pipe and an air distribution pipe are arranged in the filter brick layer 5, penetrate through the side surface of the filter tank body 1 respectively and are connected with a backwashing water pump 14 and a backwashing Roots blower 13 respectively.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, a water outlet cover plate is arranged on the filter brick layer 5, and the bearing layer 4 is arranged on the water outlet cover plate. On one hand, the water outlet cover plate isolates the bearing layer 4 and the filter brick layer 5, and the problems that the water distribution pipe and the air distribution pipe are blocked, the maintenance is inconvenient after the water distribution pipe and the air distribution pipe break down and the like caused by the fact that particles with smaller particle sizes in the bearing layer 4 enter the filter brick layer 5 are avoided. On the other hand, the arrangement of the water outlet cover plate provides a gas-water mixing chamber on the filter brick layer 5, so that gas and water are uniformly mixed and then enter the bearing layer 4 and the filter brick layer 5 to facilitate backwashing and nitrogen driving.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the filter material layer 3 mainly comprises composite filler with the particle size of 2.0-3.8 mm, and the composite filler is porous ceramic particles. The supporting layer 4 is mainly formed by alternately arranging composite fillers and cobbles. Through adopting the porous ceramic granule of particle diameter at 2.0 ~ 3.8mm as filtering material layer 3, increase filtering material layer 3 filtering capacity, under the circumstances that the filtering capacity is equivalent with prior art guaranteeing, 1 degree of depth of filter body can effectual reduction, reduce cost. The supporting layer 4 is mainly formed by alternately arranging composite fillers and cobblestones, and on the premise of ensuring the supporting effect and capability of the supporting layer 4, the filtering capability of the supporting layer 4 is increased, the filtering capability of the filter body 1 is further improved, the depth of the filter body 1 can be further reduced, and the cost is reduced.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm account for 50-60% of the composite filler, and the porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 3.5-3.8 mm account for 20-30%. The small-diameter porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm mainly have the air passage filtering effect, the smaller the particle size is, the fewer gaps or blank areas between every two adjacent porous ceramic particles are, and the filtering capacity is effectively improved. The large-diameter porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 3.5-3.8 mm are mainly used for providing good air permeability and water permeability for the integral filter material layer 3. Through accurate calculation and multiple tests, the porous ceramic particle proportion of each particle size section in the composite filler is finally determined to be 55% of porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm, 20% of porous ceramic particles with the particle size of 3.5-3.8 mm, 25% of the filter material layer 3 with the particle size of 3.0-3.5 mm, and the filter material layer 3 has the strongest filtering capacity and the longest active time.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the ratio of the composite filler to the cobbles in the bearing layer 5 is 0.8-1.2: 2.0 to 2.5. Cobblestones are used as the main body of the supporting layer 5, the filtering capacity of the supporting layer 5 is increased by using the composite filler, the filtering capacity of the filter body is further improved, the depth of the filter body can be further reduced, and the cost is reduced.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a water inlet 8, a water outlet 12, a backwashing water inlet 10, a backwashing water outlet 9 and a backwashing air inlet 11 are arranged on the side surface of the filter body. The water outlet 12, the backwashing water inlet 10 and the backwashing air inlet 11 are arranged on the filter body 1 on the side of the filter brick layer 5, and the backwashing water inlet 10 and the backwashing air inlet 11 are respectively communicated with a water distribution pipe and an air distribution pipe in the filter body 1. The water inlet 8 and the backwashing water outlet 9 are arranged on the side surface of the opening part of the filter body 1, the inner side surface of the opening part of the filter body 1 is connected with the water distribution weir 2, and the water inlet 8 is communicated with the water distribution weir 2. And the water inlet 8, the water outlet 12, the backwashing water inlet 10, the backwashing water outlet 9 and the backwashing air inlet 11 are respectively provided with a flow regulating valve, and each flow regulating valve is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller). Utilize PLC controller and each flow control valve to realize intaking, the automatic control of drainage, backwash etc, degree of automation is high, and easy operation realizes a key control.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom of a water distribution weir 2 in a filter body 1, a second liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom of a filter material layer 2, and a third liquid level meter is arranged in a filter brick layer 5. And the first liquid level meter, the second liquid level meter and the third liquid level meter respectively measure a first liquid level value, a second liquid level value and a third liquid level value. The first liquid level meter, the second liquid level meter and the third liquid level meter are all in signal connection with the PLC, automatic control and feedback control are achieved, and complete automatic control and operation are achieved.
In the technical scheme, a water inlet flow meter and a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector are arranged on the water inlet 8, a dissolved oxygen meter is arranged on the side surface of the filter material layer 3 in the filter tank body 1, and a water outlet nitrate nitrogen online detector is arranged on the water outlet 12. And the water inlet flow meter, the water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, the dissolved oxygen meter and the water outlet nitrate nitrogen online detector are in signal connection with the PLC. Automatic control and feedback control are realized, and complete automatic control and operation are realized.
In the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, a chemical feeding pipe 7 is connected to the filter body 1, a chemical feeding barrel 6 is connected to the outer end of the chemical feeding pipe 7, and a carbon source chemical feeding metering pump is arranged on the chemical feeding pipe 7. The carbon source dosing metering pump is in signal connection with the PLC controller, and automatic dosing is achieved.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the working method of the assembly type deep bed filter system comprises a denitrification method and a backwashing method. The denitrification method sequentially comprises a filtering step, a dosing step and a nitrogen expelling step;
the filtration step includes that sewage to be treated enters the filter body 1 through the water inlet after being mixed in the carbon source mixing tank, the inflow flowmeter and the inflow nitrate nitrogen online detector at the water inlet 8 detect inflow flow and nitrogen content in water in real time, and transmit signals to the PLC controller, and the dosage and the opening degree of the flow regulating valve at the water inlet 8 are controlled through the PLC controller.
The step of adding the carbon source comprises the steps that a PLC (programmable logic controller) obtains a carbon source adding quantity value based on a water inlet quantity signal fed back by a water inlet flowmeter, a water inlet nitrate nitrogen concentration signal fed back by a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, a filter dissolved oxygen signal fed back by a dissolved oxygen meter and a set water outlet nitrate nitrogen target value, and feeds back an output signal of the carbon source adding quantity value to a carbon source adding metering pump, so that the carbon source adding metering pump realizes automatic control, and a certain amount of the carbon source is ensured to be added into the filter body 1 from the adding tank.
And the nitrogen driving step comprises the steps that the PLC controls the water inlet 8 to stop water inlet based on a set nitrogen driving period, controls the flow regulating valve of the water outlet 12 to be opened, controls the water outlet 12 to be closed when a first liquid level instrument feedback signal is received and reaches a first liquid level set value, and controls the backwashing water inlet 10 and the backwashing air inlet 11 to be opened to drive nitrogen. When the set time of nitrogen removal is reached, controlling the backwashing water inlet 10 and the backwashing air inlet 11 to be closed, and controlling the water inlet 8 and the water outlet 12 to be opened; the filtration step is continued.
According to the technical scheme, the filtering step, the dosing step and the nitrogen purging step are performed alternately, so that the filtering capacity of the filter body and the activity of a filter material layer are ensured, the filtering efficiency of the deep bed filter system is improved, and the service life of the deep bed filter system is prolonged.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the backwashing method is started when the opening of a flow regulating valve of a PLC (programmable logic controller) based on a water outlet 12 reaches 100 percent or the liquid level in a filter body 1 is reduced to the position of a second liquid level meter or the pressure of a water outlet pipeline connected with the water outlet 12 reaches a pressure set value or a set backwashing period, and the backwashing method sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) closing the water inlet 8, and opening the flow regulating valve of the water outlet 12 to ensure that the liquid level in the filter tank body 1 is reduced to a position below the water distribution weir 2;
2) closing the water outlet 12, opening the backwashing water outlet 9 and the backwashing air inlet 11, and backwashing independently for 5-10 min by air;
3) opening a backwashing water inlet 10, and backwashing for 10-15 min by combining gas and water;
4) closing a backwashing air inlet 11, backwashing for 5-10 min by using single water, and removing residual air and residual backwashing wastewater in the filter body 1;
5) and (4) closing the backwashing water inlet 10, closing the backwashing water outlet 9, and opening the water inlet 8 and the water outlet 12, so that the filter tank returns to normal operation. By controlling the backwashing process, the backwashing capability is improved, the activity of a filter material layer is recovered, the filtering efficiency of the deep bed filter system is improved, and the service life of the deep bed filter system is prolonged.
Technical solution of the invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various insubstantial modifications of the inventive method concept and technical solution, or to apply the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without modification.
Claims (8)
1. An assembled deep bed filter system is characterized by comprising a filter body, wherein a filter brick layer, a bearing layer and a filter material layer are sequentially arranged in the filter body from bottom to top, a water distribution pipe and an air distribution pipe are arranged in the filter brick layer, a water outlet cover plate is arranged on the filter brick layer, and the bearing layer is arranged on the water outlet cover plate; the filter material layer mainly comprises composite filler with the particle size of 2.0-3.8 mm, the composite filler is porous ceramic particles, and the bearing layer is mainly formed by alternately arranging the composite filler and cobblestones.
2. The fabricated deep-bed filter system according to claim 1, wherein the composite packing comprises 50-60% of porous ceramic particles with a particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm and 20-30% of porous ceramic particles with a particle size of 3.5-3.8 mm.
3. The fabricated deep-bed filter system according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the composite filler to the cobbles in the supporting layer is 0.8-1.2: 2.0 to 2.5.
4. The fabricated deep bed filter system according to claim 1, wherein a water inlet, a water outlet, a backwashing water inlet, a backwashing water outlet and a backwashing air inlet are arranged on the side surface of the filter body, the water outlet, the backwashing water inlet and the backwashing air inlet are arranged on the side surface of the filter body on the filter brick layer side, the water inlet and the backwashing water outlet are arranged on the side surface of the opening part of the filter body, a water distribution weir is connected to the inner side surface of the opening part of the filter body, and the water inlet is communicated with the water distribution weir;
and the water inlet, the water outlet, the backwashing water inlet, the backwashing water outlet and the backwashing air inlet are respectively provided with a flow regulating valve, and each flow regulating valve is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller).
5. The fabricated deep-bed filter system of claim 4, wherein a first liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom of a water distribution weir in the filter body, a second liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom of the filter material layer, and a third liquid level meter is arranged in the filter brick layer; the first liquid level meter, the second liquid level meter and the third liquid level meter are all in signal connection with the PLC;
the water inlet is provided with a water inlet flow meter and a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, the side surface of a filter material layer in the filter body is provided with an oxygen dissolving instrument, and the water outlet is provided with a water outlet nitrate nitrogen online detector; and the water inlet flow meter, the water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, the dissolved oxygen meter and the water outlet nitrate nitrogen online detector are in signal connection with the PLC.
6. The fabricated deep bed filter system according to claim 1, wherein a dosing pipe is connected to the filter body, a dosing barrel is connected to the outer end of the dosing pipe, and a carbon source dosing metering pump is arranged on the dosing pipe.
7. The working method of the assembled deep bed filter system is characterized by comprising a denitrification method and a backwashing method, wherein the denitrification method sequentially comprises a filtering step, a dosing step and a nitrogen expelling step;
the filtering step comprises the steps that sewage to be treated enters a filter tank body from a water inlet after being mixed in a carbon source mixing tank, a water inlet flow meter and a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector at the water inlet detect the water inlet flow and the nitrogen content in water in real time, signals are transmitted to a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the dosage and the opening degree of a flow regulating valve at the water inlet are controlled by the PLC;
the step of adding the carbon source comprises the steps that a PLC (programmable logic controller) obtains a carbon source adding quantity value based on a water inlet quantity signal fed back by a water inlet flow meter, a water inlet nitrate nitrogen concentration signal fed back by a water inlet nitrate nitrogen online detector, a filter dissolved oxygen quantity signal fed back by a dissolved oxygen meter and a set water outlet nitrate nitrogen target value, and feeds back an output signal of the carbon source adding quantity value to a carbon source adding metering pump, so that the carbon source adding metering pump realizes automatic control, and a certain amount of the carbon source is ensured to be added into the filter body from the adding tank;
the nitrogen driving step comprises the steps that a PLC controls a water inlet to stop water inflow based on a set nitrogen driving period, controls a water outlet flow regulating valve to be opened, controls the water outlet to be closed when a first liquid level instrument feedback signal is received and reaches a first liquid level set value, and controls a backwashing water inlet and a backwashing air inlet to be opened to drive nitrogen; when the set time of nitrogen displacement is reached, controlling the backwashing water inlet and the backwashing air inlet to be closed, and controlling the water inlet and the water outlet to be opened; the filtration step is continued.
8. The operating method of the fabricated deep bed filter system according to claim 7, wherein the backwashing method is started when the PLC controller reaches 100% based on the opening degree of the discharge outlet flow regulating valve or the liquid level in the filter body drops to the position of the second liquid level meter or the pressure of a water outlet pipeline connected to the discharge outlet reaches a pressure set value or a set backwashing period, and the steps are as follows:
1) closing the water inlet, opening the water outlet flow regulating valve, and ensuring that the liquid level in the filter body is reduced to a position below the water distribution weir;
2) closing the water outlet, opening the backwashing water outlet and the backwashing air inlet, and backwashing independently for 5-10 min by using air;
3) opening a backwashing water inlet, and backwashing for 10-15 min by combining gas and water;
4) closing a backwashing air inlet, backwashing for 5-10 min by using single water, and removing residual air and residual backwashing wastewater in the filter body;
5) and (4) closing the backwashing water inlet, closing the backwashing water outlet, opening the water inlet and the water outlet, and recovering the normal operation of the filter tank.
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