CN112918518B - Vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112918518B
CN112918518B CN202110294194.0A CN202110294194A CN112918518B CN 112918518 B CN112918518 B CN 112918518B CN 202110294194 A CN202110294194 A CN 202110294194A CN 112918518 B CN112918518 B CN 112918518B
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board
execution unit
fpga
central processing
electronic control
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CN112918518A (en
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张鹏
郝玉福
张相田
盖猛
孙洪远
林晓辰
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
CRRC Brake System Co Ltd
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
CRRC Brake System Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • B61L15/0036Conductor-based, e.g. using CAN-Bus, train-line or optical fibres
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, which comprises a central processing unit and an execution unit, wherein a communication system of the vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform adopts real-time Ethernet and optical fiber communication technologies to replace a WTB bus and an MVB bus, the real-time Ethernet communication is adopted between the central processing unit, and the full-duplex optical fiber communication is adopted between the central processing unit and the execution unit. The system has the advantages that the system information transmission rate is improved, the communication reliability is improved, in addition, the traction, the brake, the network and the signal system are deeply integrated, the control system composition can be simplified, the control system integration level is improved, the overall real-time performance of the control system is improved, the overall cost of the system is reduced, and the system maintenance difficulty is reduced.

Description

Vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of train control, in particular to a vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform.
Background
In recent years, the requirements of high-speed rails, subways and rolling stocks in China are increased dramatically, the rail transit industry is developed rapidly, the manufacturing level of trains and train equipment is gradually improved, and trains with various functions can be manufactured successfully. The foreign train control system platform technology is mainly mastered by large companies such as siemens, pombadi, knoll and alstonia, the research of related technologies is more and more emphasized in the domestic years, more and more companies capable of providing train control equipment are provided, and the market competition is very strong.
The existing train network control system mostly uses a Train Communication Network (TCN), and the TCN adopts a two-stage bus structure: a Wire Train Bus (WTB) and a utility vehicle bus (MVB). The TCN network mainly realizes control, state monitoring and fault diagnosis of important equipment, thereby ensuring safe and reliable operation of the train, providing fault processing guidance for drivers or mechanics and providing data support for overhaul and maintenance. The WTB bus is used for data transmission among different traction units, two redundant twisted-pair lines are physically adopted, the transmission rate of the WTB bus is 1Mbit/s, and a gateway between the two traction units is connected through the WTB bus and is connected with an MVB bus of the unit through the gateway to exchange data. The vehicle bus adopts an MVB bus, a physical layer adopts a structure of two pairs of redundant twisted-pair buses, the transmission rate is 1.5Mbit/s, the MVB bus is used for data transmission in the traction unit, and all subsystems with MVB communication interfaces can be reliably accessed. The TCN network topology is shown in fig. 1 and includes: GW (gateway), REP (MVB repeater), CCU (central control unit), WTD (wireless transmission device), IOM (input output module), TCU (traction control unit), BCU (brake control unit).
Although the current train control system is relatively mature in application in China, the total topological structure is complex, the transmission rates of a WTB bus and an MVB bus are slow, signal links are long, communication faults are easy to occur in the complex running environment of a train, once the faults occur, a passenger is usually required to be off line, and in severe cases, rescue needs to be waited. In addition, the bus topology structure has more types of products and boards. Thus, existing train control systems present significant challenges to the real-time, reliability, maintainability, and overall cost of the control system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of complex topological structure, low information transmission rate and various related products and board cards of the current train control system, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform which can improve the information transmission rate and the communication reliability of the train control system, effectively improve the maintainability of the system and reduce the total cost of the system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, which includes a central processing unit and an execution unit, wherein the central processing unit uses real-time ethernet communication, and the central processing unit and the execution unit use full-duplex fiber communication.
In the above vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, the central processing unit includes a power board of the central processing unit system, a CPU board of the central processing unit and a plurality of IO boards having the same backplane connector.
According to the vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, the CPU board of the central processing unit adopts an FPGA + DSP + ARM architecture, the FPGA receives data collected by the IO board card, preprocesses the data, and transmits the preprocessed data to the DSP and the ARM through a shared memory inside the FPGA.
According to the vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, the IO board card communicates with the CAN communication node sent by the FPGA according to the type information of the IO board card and the backboard slot position ID.
In the above vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, the execution unit includes a power board, an execution unit CPU board, an operation acquisition board, an optical fiber interface board, and a plurality of IO boards having the same backplane connector.
The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform comprises an execution unit system power supply board for supplying power to the execution unit CPU board, the operation acquisition board, the communication observation board and the IO board, a driving power supply board for supplying power to the optical fiber interface board and a sensor power supply board for supplying power to a sensor externally connected with the IO board.
The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform is characterized in that the execution unit CPU board adopts an FPGA + ARM architecture, the FPGA receives the data acquired by the IO board card and preprocesses the data, the preprocessed data are uploaded to the ARM through a shared memory inside the FPGA, and the ARM performs logic processing on the uploaded data and then returns a processing result to the FPGA.
According to the vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, the FPGA communicates with the operation acquisition board through a high-speed bus in a case, receives information uploaded by the operation acquisition board, issues corresponding parameters according to the information to perform rapid protection on voltage and current and controls the operation acquisition board to perform IGBT pulse output and chopper control.
The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform comprises an execution unit, wherein the execution unit further comprises a communication observation board which is only used during debugging and is used for receiving the variable to be observed sent by the operation acquisition board, communicating with a PC (personal computer) through an Ethernet port and displaying the variable to be observed on the upper computer in real time in a waveform mode.
In the above vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform, the operation acquisition board adopts an FPGA + DSP architecture, and when the execution unit is used as a traction controller, the optical fiber interface board converts the four-quadrant pulse or the inverter pulse output by the operation acquisition board from an electrical signal to an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to the outside of the execution unit; when the execution unit is used as a network controller or a brake controller, the operation acquisition board is not used or is used according to the actual application requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the communication system of the integrated electronic control platform simplifies various MVB sub-devices into a central processing unit and an execution unit, can effectively improve the maintainability of the system, and reduces the total cost of the system.
2. Real-time Ethernet and optical fiber communication technologies are used between the central processing units and the execution units to replace the original WTB bus and MVB bus, so that the system information transmission rate is improved, and the communication reliability is improved.
3. Each IO board card in the invention has board card type information and a function of reading backboard slot position information, and the backboard connectors of all IO board cards have the same hardware design, so that the position and the number of the IO board cards inserted into the backboard are not limited as long as configuration information allows, and the flexibility and the universality of the IO board cards are ensured to the greatest extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a TCN network topology in a conventional train network control system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lumped electronic control platform topology provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a CPU board configuration according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an execution unit board card provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present application.
It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the application, and that it is also possible for a person skilled in the art to apply the application to other similar contexts on the basis of these drawings without inventive effort. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms referred to herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Reference to "a," "an," "the," and similar words throughout this application are not to be construed as limiting in number, and may refer to the singular or the plural. The present application is directed to the use of the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof, which are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (elements) is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Reference to "connected," "coupled," and the like in this application is not intended to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term "plurality" as used herein means two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, meaning that three relationships may exist, for example, "A and/or B" may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. Reference herein to the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular ordering for the objects.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform is composed of a local central processing unit and an execution unit. The local central processing units of the vehicles adopt high-speed real-time Ethernet communication, and the local central processing units and the execution units adopt high-speed full-duplex optical fiber communication. The integrated electronic control platform simplifies various MVB sub-devices (CCU, IOM, TCU, BCU and the like) into a central processing unit and an execution unit, can effectively improve the maintainability of the system, and reduces the total cost of the system; the communication system of the integrated electronic control platform utilizes real-time Ethernet and optical fiber communication technology to replace the original WTB bus and MVB bus, improves the information transmission rate of the system and improves the reliability of communication.
The central processing unit is mainly responsible for the logic control of traction, braking and network systems; the system is responsible for fault judgment and recording; the system has a fault tolerance processing mechanism and a single-point fault allowing function; the system is responsible for providing a maintenance interface and providing convenient conditions for train health management.
The central processing unit is a standard 3U case and mainly comprises a system power supply board, a CPU board and an IO board card. The board configuration of the cpu is shown in fig. 3:
and the system power supply board is responsible for supplying power to the CPU board and the IO board card.
The CPU board is the core of the central processing unit, the board card adopts an FPGA + DSP + ARM architecture, and the three are communicated through a shared memory inside the FPGA. The FPGA is mainly responsible for the functions of a CAN master, communicates with the IO board card, receives data collected by the IO board card and sends corresponding instruction information to the IO board card; the data preprocessing module is responsible for preprocessing data and then transmitting the data to the DSP and the ARM through a shared memory; and is responsible for external high-speed full-duplex optical fiber communication. The DSP is mainly responsible for executing algorithm functions of traction, network or braking, and sending results to the FPGA and the ARM processor. The ARM is mainly responsible for executing logic functions of traction, network or braking; the function of judging fault conditions and recording fault data is responsible; the system is responsible for the external real-time Ethernet communication function; responsible for providing debugging and maintenance interfaces, etc.
The IO board card is responsible for the input and output functions of digital quantity, analog quantity and PWM signals, and the IO board card is configured selectively for the central control unit. Each IO board card has board card type information and has a function of reading backboard slot position information, and the IO board cards communicate with the CAN communication nodes sent by the FPGA processor according to the board card type information and the backboard slot position ID. The backplane connectors of all IO board cards have the same hardware design, so long as configuration information allows, the IO board cards can be inserted into any slot position of the backplane, theoretically, the number of the IO board cards is not limited, and flexibility and universality of the IO board cards are guaranteed to the greatest extent.
The execution unit adopts a modular design and is responsible for signal acquisition and command execution of the original traction, braking and network control unit. The high-speed sampling of the sensor signal of the original traction converter, the control of an IGBT, the power supply of a sensor and a drive plate and the like can be realized; the functions of valve control, sensor power supply, sampling and the like of the original brake execution unit can be realized; the functions of DI, AI and PWM input sampling, DO, AO and PWM output, sensor power supply and sampling and the like of the original network execution unit can be realized.
The execution unit is a standard 6U case and mainly comprises a power supply board, a CPU board, an operation acquisition board, an optical fiber interface board, an IO board card and the like. The board configuration of the execution unit is shown in fig. 4:
the above-mentioned power strip includes: system power supply board, drive power supply board, sensor power supply board. The system power supply board is responsible for supplying power to the CPU board, the operation acquisition board, the communication observation board and the IO board card; the driving power panel is responsible for supplying power to the optical fiber interface board; the sensor power panel is responsible for supplying power to the sensor externally connected with the IO board card.
The CPU board is the core of the execution unit, the board card adopts an FPGA + ARM architecture, and the two boards are communicated through a shared memory inside the FPGA. The FPGA is mainly responsible for communicating with the IO board card through the CAN main function, receiving data collected by the IO board card and sending corresponding instruction information to the IO board card; the data is pre-processed and then transmitted to the ARM through the shared memory; the intelligent protection device is in charge of communicating with the operation acquisition board through a high-speed bus in the case, receiving information such as a voltage current value, a speed value and a quick protection fault bit uploaded by the acquisition board, issuing parameters such as a protection value, a period value/a comparison value and the like to carry out quick protection on the voltage current and control the operation acquisition board to carry out IGBT pulse output and chopping control; and is responsible for external high-speed full-duplex optical fiber communication. The ARM is mainly responsible for carrying out simple logic processing on data uploaded by the FPGA and returning a result to the FPGA; the function of judging fault conditions and recording fault data is responsible; responsible for providing debugging and maintenance interfaces, etc.
The communication observation board is only used during debugging, receives the variable to be observed sent by the operation acquisition board, communicates with the PC through the Ethernet port, and displays the variable to be observed on the upper computer in a waveform form in real time. The formal product does not contain the board card.
The operation acquisition board integrates the traditional operation board and the traditional acquisition board into a whole, and an FPGA + DSP framework is adopted, so that the cost is reduced, and the operation processing capacity and the data communication reliability are greatly improved. When the execution unit is used as a traction controller, the operation acquisition board 1 and the operation acquisition board 2 respectively realize the functions of a four-quadrant and an inverter, wherein the FPGA realizes the functions of analog quantity data acquisition, speed acquisition, effective value calculation, rapid fault protection, pulse output of the four-quadrant/inverter, chopping control and the like; the DSP implements a four quadrant/inverter algorithm function. When the execution unit is used as a network or a brake controller, one of the operation acquisition boards can be selected not to be used or used according to the actual application requirements.
The optical fiber interface board is mainly used when the execution unit is used as a traction controller and is used for converting the four-quadrant/inverter pulse output by the operation acquisition board from an electric signal to an optical signal and outputting the optical signal to the outside of the execution unit. According to the actual requirements of the project, the number of the optical fiber interface boards can be flexibly configured.
The IO board card of the execution unit realizes the similar functions as the IO board card of the central control unit and is mainly responsible for the input and output functions of digital quantity, analog quantity and PWM signals, and the IO board cards of the execution unit and the central processing unit are not distinguished and can be used interchangeably, so that the flexibility and the universality of the IO board card are ensured to the maximum extent.
Each IO board card in the invention has board card type information and a function of reading slot position information of the backboard, the IO board cards communicate with the CAN owner according to the type information and the slot position ID of the backboard, and the backboard connectors of all the IO board cards have the same hardware design, so that the positions and the quantity of the IO board cards inserted into the backboard are not limited as long as the configuration information allows. In addition, IO board cards of the central processing unit and the execution unit are not distinguished and can be used interchangeably, so that the flexibility and the universality of the IO board cards are guaranteed to the greatest extent.
The central processing unit and the execution unit in the invention have abundant debugging interfaces and fault data storage functions, can provide effective basis for debugging personnel, and improve the maintainability of the system.
According to the vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform provided by the invention, the communication system uses real-time Ethernet and optical fiber communication technologies to replace the original WTB bus and MVB bus, so that the system information transmission rate is improved, and the communication reliability is improved. In addition, the integrated electronic control platform simplifies various MVB sub-devices (CCU, IOM, TCU, BCU and the like) into a central processing unit and an execution unit, and through deep integration of traction, braking, a network and a signal system, the composition of a control system can be simplified, the integration level of the control system is improved, the overall real-time performance of the control system is improved, the overall cost of the system is reduced, and the maintenance difficulty of the system is reduced. And more detailed data support is provided for realizing intelligent operation and maintenance of the whole vehicle equipment.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A vehicle mounted lumped electronic control platform is characterized by comprising a central processing unit and an execution unit, wherein the central processing unit is provided with a fault tolerance processing mechanism and a single point fault allowance function and maintenance interface and is used for logic control and fault judgment and recording of traction, braking and network systems; the said execution unit adopts the modular design, is used for pulling, braking, signal acquisition and order execution of the network control unit, adopt the real-time Ethernet communication between the said central processing unit, adopt the full duplex fiber communication between said central processing unit and the said execution unit;
the central processing unit comprises a central processing unit system power supply board, a central processing unit CPU board and a plurality of IO board cards with the same backplane connector;
the CPU board of the central processing unit adopts an FPGA + DSP + ARM architecture, the FPGA receives data collected by the IO board card, preprocesses the data, and transmits the preprocessed data to the DSP and the ARM through a shared memory in the FPGA; the DSP is responsible for executing algorithms of traction, network or braking and sending an execution result to the FPGA and the ARM; the ARM is used for executing logic of traction, network or braking, judging fault conditions, recording fault data, communicating with an external real-time Ethernet and providing a debugging and maintaining interface; and the IO board card communicates with the CAN communication node sent by the FPGA according to the type information and the backboard slot position ID.
2. The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform according to claim 1, wherein the execution unit comprises a power board, an execution unit CPU board, an operation acquisition board, an optical fiber interface board and a plurality of IO boards with the same backplane connector.
3. The on-board lumped electronic control platform of claim 2, wherein the power strip comprises:
the execution unit system power panel supplies power to the execution unit CPU board, the operation acquisition board, the communication observation board and the IO board card;
the driving power panel supplies power to the optical fiber interface board;
and the sensor power panel supplies power for the sensor externally connected with the IO board card.
4. The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform according to claim 3, wherein the CPU board of the execution unit adopts an FPGA + ARM architecture, the FPGA receives the data collected by the IO board card and preprocesses the data, the preprocessed data is uploaded to the ARM through a shared memory inside the FPGA, and the ARM performs logic processing on the uploaded data and then returns a processing result to the FPGA.
5. The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform according to claim 4, wherein the FPGA communicates with the operation acquisition board through a high-speed bus in a case, receives information uploaded by the operation acquisition board, issues corresponding parameters according to the information to perform rapid protection on voltage and current, and controls the operation acquisition board to perform IGBT pulse output and chopper control.
6. The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform according to claim 5, wherein the execution unit further comprises a communication observation board only used during debugging, and the communication observation board is used for receiving the variable to be observed sent by the operation acquisition board, communicating with a PC through an Ethernet port, and displaying the variable to be observed on the upper computer in a waveform form in real time.
7. The vehicle-mounted lumped electronic control platform according to claim 6, wherein the computation acquisition board adopts an FPGA + DSP architecture, and when the execution unit is used as a traction controller, the optical fiber interface board converts the four-quadrant pulse or the inverter pulse output by the computation acquisition board from an electrical signal to an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to the outside of the execution unit; when the execution unit is used as a network controller or a brake controller, the operation acquisition board is not used or is used according to the actual application requirement.
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