CN112916615B - High-performance oriented silicon steel cold rolling process - Google Patents
High-performance oriented silicon steel cold rolling process Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/221—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by cold-rolling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cold rolling process of high-performance oriented silicon steel, and particularly relates to the technical field of oriented silicon steel manufacturing. The cold rolling process comprises primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, wherein the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.0-3.0 mm, the primary cold rolling adopts 4 or 5 times of rolling until the thickness is 0.60-0.62 mm, and the rolling temperature is 100-105 ℃; and the secondary cold rolling is carried out by 2 times until the thickness is 0.24-0.26 mm, and the rolling temperature is 95-100 ℃. According to the invention, the reduction, the rolling tension, the rolling speed and the rolling temperature of each pass in the primary cold rolling and the secondary cold rolling are optimally designed, so that the texture can be further optimized, the content of the Gauss texture of the secondary cold-rolled plate is ensured to be 0.8-1.5%, the rolling stability is high, and the magnetic performance of the obtained oriented silicon steel is further effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oriented silicon steel manufacturing, and particularly relates to a cold rolling process for high-performance oriented silicon steel.
Background
The oriented silicon steel is a novel functional magnetic material, and because the oriented silicon steel has large resistance, the electric energy consumed on an iron core is small in the operation process; the magnetization of the cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip has strong directionality, so that the magnetic induction in a required direction is high, the utilization rate of an iron core is high, the operating efficiency is high, the cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip is the most key and most main iron core material in electromagnetic orientation conversion products such as transformers, mutual inductors and the like, the production technical level of the cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip is directly related to the upgrading and updating of a large number of national transformers and the utilization efficiency of national energy, and the cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip is closely related to the continuous development of national economy and the life of people.
In the high-temperature annealing process of the oriented silicon steel, Gaussian grains in the oriented silicon steel swallow the oriented silicon steel to form a {111} texture of a large-angle grain boundary with the oriented silicon steel and grow abnormally, and finally a single Gaussian texture with accurate orientation is formed. Wherein, the Gaussian texture and the {111} texture are formed in the cold rolling process. In the traditional technology, the oriented silicon steel is produced by adopting a thick plate blank, and two cold rolling treatments are generally required. The cold rolling process aims at: firstly, the cold-rolled sheet mainly obtains a {111} texture and Gaussian crystal nuclei as much as possible; secondly, the cold-rolled plate shape is ensured, and the cold-rolled plate shape directly influences the magnetic performance of the finished oriented silicon steel; thirdly, because the silicon content of the oriented silicon steel is higher, the strip is ensured to be continuous in the cold rolling process during the cold rolling process. The more the number of the Gaussian crystal nuclei in the cold-rolled sheet is, the more perfect the secondary recrystallization process is, the smaller the grain size of the finished product is, and the better the magnetic performance is.
At present, most of the control of the traditional cold rolling process of the oriented silicon steel is the research on the total rolling reduction rate, the pass rolling reduction rate basically adopts the principle of average distribution, the control research on the total rolling reduction rate under different conditions is mature, no space exists for further optimizing the texture of the obtained cold-rolled plate by only adjusting the total rolling reduction rate, and the content of Gaussian orientation crystal nuclei in the secondary cold-rolled plate cannot be ensured and the content of the Gaussian texture in the obtained cold-rolled plate cannot be ensured by the current research.
Through retrieval, relevant patents for optimizing the cold rolling process of the oriented silicon steel to improve the texture of a cold-rolled sheet are disclosed. For example, the Chinese patent application numbers are: 201010597079.2, filing date: 12/17/2010, the name of the invention creation is: a preparation process of common oriented silicon steel. The production process flow of the oriented silicon steel in the application is as follows: smelting → continuous casting → hot rolling → acid washing → one-time cold rolling → intermediate annealing → secondary cold rolling → surface treatment and MgO coating → high temperature annealing → insulating layer coating and hot stretching leveling. The hot rolled plate is subjected to acid cleaning and then subjected to primary cold rolling for 3-5 times, the total reduction rate is 72% -85.6%, the reduction rate of each time is evenly distributed, and the steel plate is rolled to 0.36-0.50 mm. The secondary cold rolling adopts 2-pass rolling, the total rolling reduction rate is 16.7% -54%, the pass rolling reduction rates are evenly distributed, and the thickness of the intermediate annealed plate rolled finished product is 0.23-0.30 mm.
For another example, the chinese patent application number is: 201210023827.5, application date is: on the date of 02 and 03 in 2012, the name of invention creation is: a production process of a high-precision cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip. The process flow of the application is as follows: (1) and (3) checking and accepting the hot rolled silicon steel coil: inspecting the specification, coil weight, carbon content, silicon content, manganese content and sulfur content of the hot-rolled coil raw material, and pickling the qualified raw material; (2) primary cold rolling: carrying out 3-4 times of cold rolling on the qualified hot-rolled silicon steel coil raw material, ensuring the plate shape to be unchanged, ensuring the final rolling thickness to be 0.63mm and ensuring a constant reduction rate to be unchanged; (3) primary decarburization of intermediate annealing: removing carbon in the steel strip to the required requirement at one time, generating silicon dioxide on the surface, and recrystallizing to form (110) [001] primary recrystallized grains; (4) secondary cold rolling: ensuring the pressing rate within a certain range to carry out secondary cold rolling, wherein the final rolling thickness is 0.28-0.30 mm, and improving the (110) 001 crystal grain component in the primary recrystallization texture; (5) coating magnesium oxide: coating a magnesium oxide coating on the surface of the silicon steel strip; (6) high-temperature annealing: and (3) recrystallizing, growing crystal grains and purifying steel materials under the conditions of high temperature and pure hydrogen to obtain a secondary recrystallized product with a single direction.
In the two applications, when the oriented silicon steel is subjected to cold rolling, the range of the total rolling reduction rate is optimized, and the average distribution or constant rolling reduction rate distribution principle is adopted for each pass to control, so that the content of the Gaussian texture of the cold-rolled sheet is difficult to further improve.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention provides a cold rolling process for high-performance oriented silicon steel, aiming at the problems that the texture is difficult to further optimize and the content of Gaussian-oriented crystal nuclei in an obtained cold-rolled sheet is difficult to effectively improve by adjusting the total reduction rate when the existing oriented silicon steel is subjected to cold rolling. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively solve the problems, reserve the most Gauss oriented crystal grains, is beneficial to further improving the rolling stability and ensures the magnetic property of the obtained oriented steel.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a high-performance oriented silicon steel cold rolling process, which comprises primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, wherein the thickness of an oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.0-3.0 mm, the primary cold rolling is carried out by adopting 4 or 5 times of rolling until the thickness is 0.60-0.625 mm, and the rolling temperature is 100-105 ℃; and the secondary cold rolling is carried out by 2 times until the thickness is 0.24-0.26 mm, and the rolling temperature is 95-100 ℃.
Furthermore, when the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is not more than 2.5mm, 4 times of rolling are adopted, and the reduction ratio is distributed as follows: the 1 st pass reduction rate is 20-25%, and the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 30-35%; the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 25-30%; the 4 th pass reduction rate is 20-25%.
Furthermore, when the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is more than 2.5mm and is not more than 3.0mm, 5 times of rolling are adopted, and the reduction ratio distribution is as follows: the 1 st pass reduction rate is 20-25%; the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 25-35%; the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 25-35%; the 4 th pass reduction rate is 20-25%, and the 5 th pass reduction rate is 15-22%.
Furthermore, in the primary cold rolling process, the tension of the 1 st pass is 6-8 KN; the tension of the 2 nd pass is 15-25 KN, and the tension of the 3 rd-5 th pass is 10-15 KN.
Furthermore, in the primary cold rolling process, the 1 st pass rolling speed is 2.5-3.0 m/s, and the 2 nd-5 th pass rolling speed is 6.0-6.5 m/s.
Furthermore, in the secondary cold rolling process, the reduction rate of the 1 st pass is 35-45%, and the reduction rate of the 2 nd pass is 20-30%.
Furthermore, in the secondary cold rolling process, the tension of the 1 st pass is 6.0-6.5 KN, and the tension of the 2 nd pass is 9-10 KN.
Furthermore, in the secondary cold rolling process, the 1 st pass rolling speed is 2.5-4.0 m/s, and the 2 nd pass rolling speed is 5.0-6.0 m/s.
Furthermore, in the processes of primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, the roughness of a roller in the two-time rolling is more than 0.8, and the thickness deviation of a cold-rolled sheet is +/-0.002 mm; after cold rolling is finished, the content of the Gaussian texture of the cold-rolled sheet is 0.8-1.5%.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the cold rolling process of the high-performance oriented silicon steel comprises primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, and the rolling passes of the primary cold rolling and the secondary cold rolling and the reduction rate of each pass are optimally designed, so that on one hand, the texture can be further optimized, and the content of Gaussian oriented crystal nuclei in a secondary cold-rolled plate is increased; on the other hand, the control of the pass reduction can fully ensure proper rolling force, the strip is not easy to break during rolling, the rolling stability is higher, and the plate profile is better. Meanwhile, the invention also optimizes the rolling temperature, the rolling tension and the rolling speed during cold rolling, particularly precisely controls the rolling temperature by matching the rolling speed with the pass reduction rate, and can further ensure the smooth rolling, thereby effectively ensuring the performance of the obtained oriented silicon steel cold-rolled plate.
(2) According to the high-performance oriented silicon steel cold rolling process, 4-5 times of rolling is adopted in one-time cold rolling, and 2 times of rolling is adopted in the second-time cold rolling. Specifically, the method is selected according to cold-rolled plates with different thicknesses, and when the thickness of the cold-rolled plates is smaller than 2.5mm, 4 times of rolling is adopted for one-time cold rolling; when the thickness of the steel is 2.5-3.0 mm, the steel is rolled for 5 times in one-time cold rolling. The grain orientation is adjusted by controlling the matching connection of the pass reduction rates of the primary cold rolling and the secondary cold rolling, so that the texture of the oriented silicon steel is transformed from a Gaussian texture → {111} texture → a Gaussian texture, and the maximum Gaussian orientation grains are reserved.
(3) According to the high-performance oriented silicon steel cold rolling process, on one hand, the reduction rate of each pass is controlled, on the other hand, the rolling tension and the rolling speed of each pass are optimized, and the proper rolling temperature is matched, so that the high-quality oriented silicon steel cold rolling plate can be obtained. Meanwhile, the rolling speed is matched with the pass reduction rate in the rolling process, so that the rolling temperature is accurately controlled, and the smooth rolling is ensured. In addition, by controlling the proper roughness (the roughness is more than 0.8) of the roller and the tension to influence the plate shape and the rolling friction force, the slipping in the rolling process is prevented, the rolling stability and the cold rolling effect are effectively ensured, the thickness deviation of the obtained cold-rolled plate is +/-0.002 mm, and the Gaussian orientation content of the cold-rolled plate is 0.8-1.5%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the structure of a secondary cold-rolled oriented silicon steel sheet obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of a secondary cold-rolled oriented silicon steel sheet obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the structure of the secondary cold-rolled oriented silicon steel sheet obtained in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a high-performance oriented silicon steel cold rolling process, which comprises primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, wherein the thickness of an oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.0-3.0 mm, the primary cold rolling is carried out by adopting 4 or 5 passes of rolling until the thickness is 0.60-0.625 mm, and the rolling temperature is 100-105 ℃; and the secondary cold rolling is carried out by 2 times until the thickness is 0.24-0.26 mm, and the rolling temperature is 95-100 ℃. Specifically, when the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is not more than 2.5mm, 4 times of rolling are adopted, and the reduction ratio distribution is as follows: the 1 st pass reduction rate is 20-25%, and the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 30-35%; the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 25-30%; the 4 th pass reduction rate is 20-25%. When the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is more than 2.5mm and is not more than 3.0mm, 5 times of rolling are adopted, and the reduction ratio is distributed as follows: the 1 st pass reduction rate is 20-25%; the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 25-35%; the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 25-35%; the 4 th pass reduction rate is 20-25%, and the 5 th pass reduction rate is 15-22%. Wherein, in the primary cold rolling process, the tension of the 1 st pass is 6-8 KN; the tension of the 2 nd pass is 15-25 KN, and the tension of the 3 rd-5 th pass is 10-15 KN; the rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.5-3.0 m/s, and the rolling speed of the 2 nd to 5 th passes is 6.0-6.5 m/s.
In the secondary cold rolling process, the 1 st pass reduction rate is 35-45%, the 1 st pass tension is 6.0-6.5 KN, and the 1 st pass rolling speed is 2.5-4.0 m/s; the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 20-30%, the 2 nd pass tension is 9-10 KN, and the 2 nd pass rolling speed is 5.0-6.0 m/s. Meanwhile, in the processes of primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, the roughness of a roller is more than 0.8 in the process of secondary cold rolling, and the thickness deviation of a cold-rolled sheet is +/-0.002 mm; after cold rolling is finished, the content of the obtained cold-rolled sheet Gaussian texture is 0.8-1.5%.
At present, the thick slab oriented silicon steel is generally subjected to two times of cold rolling to obtain a {111} texture and as many Gaussian crystal nuclei as possible in a cold-rolled sheet. Meanwhile, the cold-rolled plate shape has a large influence on the magnetic performance of the product, the cold-rolled plate shape needs to be ensured, the silicon content of the oriented silicon steel is high, and the continuous strip breakage in the cold rolling process needs to be ensured. However, the magnitude of the rolling reduction in the cold rolling process directly affects the rotation of the grain orientation, and thus the grain orientation can be precisely controlled by controlling the rolling reduction. However, the control of the cold rolling process is all focused on the research of the total reduction rate, and the reduction rate of each pass is distributed basically by adopting the principle of average distribution. Under different conditions, the control research on the total rolling reduction rate is mature, no space exists for further optimizing the texture by only adjusting the total rolling reduction rate, and meanwhile, the content of Gaussian orientation crystal nuclei in a secondary cold-rolled plate is not guaranteed in the current research.
Under the condition of a certain total rolling reduction, the influence of each pass of rolling reduction on the texture is not relevant to research, and the adjustment of the grain orientation by controlling the rolling reduction matching connection of each pass is blank. The applicant finds, through a great deal of research in the early period, that in the reversible rolling process, the gaussian texture → {111} texture transformation occurs in the first pass, and when the next pass is reversely rolled, part of the {111} texture rotates back to the gaussian texture, so that part of the gaussian texture can be reserved. However, the research also finds that the phenomenon does not exist in all reversible rolling, the pass reduction rate is too small, the driving force is small, and the {111} texture cannot rotate back to the Gaussian texture position; when the pass reduction rate is too large, the {111} texture rotates to pass through the Gaussian texture to form a copper texture, namely the {111} texture → the Gaussian texture → the copper texture is transformed, and the copper texture is more adverse to the magnetic performance. Therefore, the pass reduction window for obtaining the Gaussian texture is extremely narrow, and if the phenomenon rule is not mastered, the effect is difficult to obtain by simply adjusting the reduction ratio proportion. And the processes of the first cold rolling and the second cold rolling are strictly connected, otherwise, the retained Gaussian texture of the first cold rolling is easily eliminated by the second cold rolling. The research result is fully verified in the reversible rolling process of the industrial twenty-high rolling mill, and no relevant report is found about the result.
By utilizing the innovative discovery, under the condition of controlling a certain total reduction rate, the invention effectively enables the texture to be transformed from Gaussian texture → {111} texture → Gaussian texture by controlling the reduction rate of each pass, thereby retaining the most Gaussian orientation crystal grains and further improving the magnetic performance of the obtained oriented silicon steel.
In addition, the cold rolling process of the present invention needs to consider rolling stability in addition to the factors of grain orientation. The reduction rate of each pass is too large, the rolling force is too large, the strip is easy to break, the rolling is unstable, the plate shape of the obtained cold-rolled plate is not good, and the performance of the oriented silicon steel is influenced. The reduction rate of each pass is too small, the rolling passes are multiple, the work hardening is large, the production efficiency is low, and the cost is high. The method is obtained by a large amount of experimental research and analysis and processing of data, the reduction rate of the initial pass is reduced, and the biting and tension establishing process is facilitated; the middle part adopts a large reduction rate along with the increase of the rolling speed and the increase of the rolling temperature; the plate type is ensured in the last pass, and the reduction rate is properly reduced. Meanwhile, the invention also matches the rolling speed with the pass reduction rate, avoids the defects of overlarge rolling speed, unstable rolling, too small rolling speed, low plate temperature and large rolling force in the rolling process, and is beneficial to further improving the rolling stability and the plate shape of the obtained cold-rolled plate. In addition, the appropriate roughness and tension of the roller influence the plate shape and the rolling friction force, so that the slipping of the rolling process can be effectively prevented, the rolling temperature is accurately controlled by matching the rolling speed with the pass reduction rate, and the smooth rolling can be ensured.
According to the technical scheme, on one hand, the corresponding deformation is ensured by controlling the reduction rate of each pass, so that the orientation rotation is controlled. Because the reduction rate of each pass is beyond the range of the invention, the internal Gaussian texture is rotated to a stable deformation texture and is difficult to recover. If the reduction rate is lower than the reduction rate range of each pass given in the invention, the content of the Gaussian texture in the cold-rolled sheet cannot be ensured. On the other hand, each pass reduction rate is matched with corresponding rolling speed, tension and temperature, the secondary cold-rolled sheet Gaussian orientation content can be ensured to be 0.8-1.5% in the limited range of the invention, the thickness deviation is controlled to be +/-0.002 mm, and 100% Gaussian grains with the average deviation angle smaller than 7 degrees are finally obtained after high-temperature annealing. If the process parameter range of the invention is exceeded, the Gauss orientation content of the secondary cold-rolled sheet can not be ensured, and the rolling is easy to be unstable.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.75mm, the cold rolling adopts 5 passes, the thickness of each pass is 2.10mm, 1.5mm, 1.10mm, 0.85mm and 0.625mm, the reduction rate is 23.63%, 28.57%, 26.67%, 22.73% and 20.58% in sequence, and the thickness of the cold rolled plate at one time is 0.625 mm. In the cold rolling process, the tension of the 1 st pass is 8KN, the tension of the 2 nd pass is 20KN, and the tension of the 3 rd to 5 th passes is 15 KN. The rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.5m/s, the plate strip temperature is 100 ℃, the rolling speeds of the 2 nd pass and the 5 th pass are 6.5m/s, and the plate strip temperature is 105 ℃.
The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 passes, the thickness of each pass is 0.35mm and 0.26mm, the reduction rate is 44 percent and 25.7 percent respectively, the rolling speed of each pass is 4.0m/s and 6.0m/s, the plate temperature is 95 ℃, the 98 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 6.5KN and 10 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 0.9, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.0015 mm.
The structure of the cold-rolled sheet of this example is shown in fig. 1, and contains a large amount of deformation zone, 0.85% of gaussian texture content, and few fibrous band-shaped structures.
Example 2
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.0mm, 4 times of cold rolling are adopted, the thickness of each time is 1.60mm, 1.10mm, 0.80mm and 0.60mm, the reduction rate is 20%, 31.25%, 27.27% and 25% in sequence, and the thickness of the primary cold rolled plate is 0.60 mm. The tension of the 1 st pass of the cold rolling process is 7KN, the tension of the 2 nd pass of the cold rolling process is 15KN, and the tension of the 3 rd to 5 th pass of the cold rolling process is 12 KN. The rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.5m/s, the plate and strip temperature is 101 ℃, the rolling speed of the 2 nd pass to the 5 th pass is 6.0m/s, and the plate and strip temperature is 105 ℃.
The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 passes, the thickness of each pass is 0.35mm and 0.255mm, the reduction rate is 41.7 percent and 27.1 percent respectively, the rolling speed of each pass is 3.0m/s and 5.5m/s, the plate temperature is 95 ℃, the temperature is 99 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 6.0KN and 9.5 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 0.85, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.002 mm.
The structure of the cold-rolled sheet of this example is shown in fig. 2, and contains a large amount of deformation zone, 1.03% of gaussian texture, and few fibrous band-shaped structures.
Example 3
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.65mm, the cold rolling adopts 5 passes, the thickness of each pass is 2.12mm, 1.59mm, 1.03mm, 0.83mm and 0.64mm, the reduction rate is 20%, 25%, 35%, 20% and 22% in sequence, and the thickness of the primary cold rolled plate is 0.64 mm. The tension of the 1 st pass of the cold rolling process is 6KN, the tension of the 2 nd pass of the cold rolling process is 15KN, and the tension of the 3 rd to 5 th pass of the cold rolling process is 10 KN. The rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.8m/s, the plate strip temperature is 101 ℃, the rolling speed of the 2 nd pass to the 5 th pass is 6.0m/s, and the plate strip temperature is 103 ℃.
The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 passes, the thickness of each pass is 0.42mm and 0.29mm, the reduction rate is 35 percent and 30 percent respectively, the rolling speed of each pass is 2.5m/s and 5.0m/s, the plate temperature is 95 ℃, the 98 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 6.0KN and 9 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 1.0, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.0016 mm.
The structure of the cold-rolled sheet of this example is substantially the same as that of fig. 1, and it has a large amount of deformation band, 1.05% of gaussian texture content, and few fibrous band-shaped structures.
Example 4
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 3.00mm, the cold rolling adopts 5 passes, the thickness of each pass is 2.25mm, 1.46mm, 0.95mm, 0.71mm and 0.606mm, the reduction rate is 25%, 35%, 25% and 15% in sequence, and the thickness of the primary cold rolled plate is 0.606 mm. The tension of the 1 st pass in the cold rolling process is 7KN, the tension of the 2 nd pass is 25KN, and the tension of the 3 rd to 5 th passes is 12 KN. The rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 3.0m/s, the plate strip temperature is 102 ℃, the rolling speeds of the 2 nd pass and the 5 th pass are 6.5m/s, and the plate strip temperature is 105 ℃.
The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 passes, the thickness of each pass is 0.33mm and 0.27mm, the reduction rate is 45 percent and 20 percent respectively, the rolling speed of each pass is 3.0m/s and 5.5m/s, the plate temperature is 95 ℃, the 98 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 6.3KN and 9.5 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 0.9, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.0015 mm.
The structure of the cold-rolled sheet of this example is substantially the same as that of FIG. 1, and it has a large amount of deformation band, a Gaussian texture content of 0.93%, and a few fibrous band-shaped structures.
Example 5
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.05mm, 4 times of cold rolling are adopted, the thickness of each time is 1.54mm, 1.07mm, 0.81mm and 0.645mm, the reduction rate is 25%, 30%, 25% and 20% in sequence, and the thickness of the one-time cold rolled plate is 0.645 mm. The tension of the 1 st pass of the cold rolling process is 7KN, the tension of the 2 nd pass of the cold rolling process is 15KN, and the tension of the 3 rd to 5 th pass of the cold rolling process is 12 KN. The rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.5m/s, the plate strip temperature is 100 ℃, the rolling speed of the 2 nd pass to the 5 th pass is 6.0m/s, and the plate strip temperature is 103 ℃.
The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 passes, the thickness of each pass is 0.376mm and 0.274mm, the reduction rate is 41.7 percent and 27.1 percent respectively, the rolling speed of each pass is 3.0m/s and 5.5m/s, the plate temperature is 96 ℃, the 99 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 6.0KN and 9.5 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 0.85, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.002 mm.
The structure of the cold-rolled sheet of this example is substantially the same as that of fig. 2, and it has a large amount of deformation band, 1.25% of gaussian texture content, and few fibrous band-like structures.
Example 6
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.5mm, the cold rolling adopts 4 passes, the thickness of each pass is 1.87mm, 1.22mm, 0.85mm and 0.648mm, the reduction rate is 24.99%, 35%, 30% and 24% in sequence, and the thickness of the once cold rolled plate is 0.648 mm. The tension of the 1 st pass of the cold rolling process is 7KN, the tension of the 2 nd pass of the cold rolling process is 15KN, and the tension of the 3 rd to 5 th pass of the cold rolling process is 12 KN. The rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.5m/s, the plate and strip temperature is 101 ℃, the rolling speed of the 2 nd pass to the 5 th pass is 6.0m/s, and the plate and strip temperature is 105 ℃.
The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 passes, the thickness of each pass is 0.378mm and 0.275mm, the reduction rate is 41.7 percent and 27.1 percent respectively, the rolling speed of each pass is 3.0m/s and 5.5m/s, the plate temperature is 96 ℃, the 99 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 6.0KN and 9.5 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 0.85, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.002 mm.
The structure of the cold-rolled sheet of this example is substantially the same as that of fig. 2, and it has a large amount of deformation band, 1.15% of gaussian texture content, and few fibrous band-like structures.
Comparative example 1
The thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.75mm, the cold rolling adopts 5 times, the constant reduction rate distribution mode is adopted, and the thickness of the cold rolled plate at one time is 0.625 mm. The tension of each pass in the cold rolling process is a constant value of 10KN, the rolling speed is 4.0m/s, and the temperature of the strip is 90 ℃. The second cold rolling is carried out for 2 times to roll for 0.26mm, and a constant reduction rate distribution mode is also adopted, wherein the rolling speed is 4.0m/s, the plate temperature is 80 ℃, and the tension is controlled to be 5.0 KN.
The roughness of the roller is 0.8, and the thickness deviation of the secondary cold-rolled sheet is 0.005 mm.
As shown in FIG. 3, the cold-rolled sheet structure of the comparative example has large reduction ratio and high work hardening in the last 2 passes due to the adoption of constant reduction ratio rolling, which results in large final rolling force, unstable rolling, large thickness deviation and slipping. Finally, the cold rolling structure is mainly fibrous structure, the deformation zone structure is little, and the content of the Gaussian texture is 0.29 percent.
Claims (2)
1. A cold rolling process for high-performance oriented silicon steel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, wherein the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is 2.0-3.0 mm, 4 or 5 times of rolling is adopted for the primary cold rolling until the thickness is 0.60-0.625 mm, and the rolling temperature is 100-105 ℃; the secondary cold rolling is carried out for 2 times until the thickness is 0.24-0.26 mm, and the rolling temperature is 95-100 ℃; wherein:
when the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is not more than 2.5mm, 4 passes of rolling are adopted, and the reduction ratio distribution is as follows: the 1 st pass reduction rate is 20-25%, and the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 30-35%; the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 25-30%; the 4 th pass reduction rate is 20-25%;
when the thickness of the oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate is greater than 2.5mm and is not more than 3.0mm, 5 passes of rolling are adopted, and the reduction ratio distribution is as follows: the 1 st pass reduction rate is 20-25%; the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 25-35%; the 3 rd pass reduction rate is 25-35%; the 4 th pass reduction rate is 20-25%, and the 5 th pass reduction rate is 15-22%;
in the primary cold rolling process, the tension of the 1 st pass is 6-8 KN; the tension of the 2 nd pass is 15-25 KN, and the tension of the 3 rd-5 th pass is 10-15 KN; the 1 st pass rolling speed is 2.5-3.0 m/s, and the 2 nd-5 th pass rolling speed is 6.0-6.5 m/s;
in the secondary cold rolling process, the 1 st pass reduction rate is 35-45%, and the 2 nd pass reduction rate is 20-30%; the tension of the 1 st pass is 6.0-6.5 KN, and the tension of the 2 nd pass is 9-10 KN; the rolling speed of the 1 st pass is 2.5-4.0 m/s, and the rolling speed of the 2 nd pass is 5.0-6.0 m/s.
2. The cold rolling process of high-performance oriented silicon steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the processes of primary cold rolling and secondary cold rolling, the roughness of the roller in the two-time rolling is more than 0.8, and the thickness deviation of the cold-rolled sheet is +/-0.002 mm; after cold rolling is finished, the content of the Gaussian texture of the cold-rolled sheet is 0.8-1.5%.
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