CN112914863A

CN112914863A - Step climbing shifting device and wheelchair using same

Info

Publication number: CN112914863A
Application number: CN202110222273.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈娇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Affiliated Hospital of University of Qingdao
Priority date: 2021-02-28
Filing date: 2021-02-28
Publication date: 2021-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-28
Also published as: CN112914863B

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for moving away from a climbing step and a wheelchair using the device, and belongs to the field of medical instruments. The crawler type wheel seat support comprises a bottom beam, two crawler mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the bottom beam respectively, each crawler mechanism comprises a sleeve, an insertion rod is arranged in each sleeve in a matched mode, a driving wheel is arranged at the front end of each sleeve, a driven wheel is arranged at the tail end of each insertion rod, an outer spring is sleeved on each insertion rod, and two ends of each outer spring are respectively abutted to the corresponding sleeve and a wheel seat of the corresponding driven wheel. The right angle limit of ladder can be wrapped up to the track, and the track is the contact of face and face with the ladder, frictional force greatly increased to can adapt to the ladder of various sizes, effectively avoid the emergence of skidding, improve the security of traveling greatly.

Description

Step climbing shifting device and wheelchair using same

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for moving away from a climbing step and a wheelchair using the device, and belongs to the field of medical instruments.

Background

The wheelchair is divided into an electric folding wheelchair and a manual folding wheelchair, is an important moving tool for the outgoing activities of wounded persons, patients and disabled persons, not only meets the requirements of the physical disabilities and the mobility-handicapped persons for riding instead of walking, but also is more important to facilitate the family members to move and take care of the patients, so that the patients can do physical exercises by means of the wheelchair.

The existing wheelchair can move flexibly on a flat road, but is unfair to the hand of a user, and particularly in urban life, the wheelchair is difficult to pass smoothly due to the visible steps everywhere. In order to facilitate the wheelchair to pass, the wheelchair capable of climbing stairs already exists at present, and the crawler belt walking mechanism is arranged below the common wheelchair and is in contact with the stairs to increase friction force, so that the stair climbing operation is realized. However, the crawler belt is always in contact with the right-angled edge of the step, the contact area is small, and the crawler belt still slips probably in practical application. Some tracks are in order to increase friction force, do very deeply with the decorative pattern of track, try to make the right-angle side card of ladder go into in the decorative pattern, but the decorative pattern interval of track is fixed, can't guarantee that the right-angle side of ladder at every turn can both go into the decorative pattern in, sometimes is the top of decorative pattern and the right-angle side contact of ladder, at this moment skids more easily on the contrary to it does not change the track from essence and climbs the shortcoming of ladder.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the utility model provides a dial from wheelchair that climbs step device and applied device, the right angle limit of ladder can be wrapped up to the track, and the track is the contact of face and face with the ladder, frictional force greatly increased to can adapt to the ladder of various sizes, effectively avoid the emergence of skidding, improve the security of traveling greatly.

The invention relates to a step-climbing shifting device, which comprises a bottom beam, wherein two crawler mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom beam, each crawler mechanism comprises a sleeve, an insert rod is matched in each sleeve, a driving wheel is arranged at the front end of each sleeve, a driven wheel is arranged at the tail end of each insert rod, an outer spring is sleeved on each insert rod, two ends of each outer spring are respectively abutted against wheel seats of the corresponding sleeve and the corresponding driven wheel, a plurality of elastic rods are uniformly distributed on the lower wall of each sleeve, the elastic rods are perpendicular to the corresponding sleeves, auxiliary wheels are arranged at the end parts of the elastic rods, all the auxiliary wheels are arranged in the same horizontal plane, annular crawlers are sleeved on the driving wheels, the driven wheels and the auxiliary wheels, the driving wheels, the driven wheels and.

The working principle and the process are as follows:

the motor drives the driving wheel to rotate, the driving wheel drives the crawler belt to rotate, walking of the crawler belt on a flat road is achieved, all the auxiliary wheels are stressed evenly, and the elastic rod is not bent. When climbing stairs, the right-angle side of ladder is located between two arbitrary adjacent auxiliary wheels, the pressure that the heavy object was applyed on the floorbar makes the track part with ladder right-angle side contact inwards sunken, the elastic rod of the auxiliary wheel of depressed place both sides is crooked to both sides simultaneously, the auxiliary wheel on upper portion supports the track on the horizontal plane of ladder, the auxiliary wheel of lower part supports the track on the perpendicular of ladder, the promotion of auxiliary wheel not only makes the area of contact of track and ladder bigger like this, and the elasticity of elastic rod can make the track only press on the ladder, guarantee to have enough big frictional force between track and the ladder, the track is face and face's contact completely with the ladder, it has the difference of essence to compare in the face of traditional track on the ladder and the contact of line. Along with the walking of track, the auxiliary wheel on the ladder perpendicular face originally moves along, when this auxiliary wheel just in time was located the right angle limit position of ladder, the auxiliary wheel atress this moment, the elastic rod resets, then this auxiliary wheel contacts with the ladder horizontal plane again, the elastic rod that links to each other with this auxiliary wheel is crooked forward this moment, and the auxiliary wheel that corresponds originally with the ladder horizontal plane is because of blockking on ladder right angle limit, its elastic rod that corresponds becomes backward bending, it walks to go round and begin to realize climbing the ladder walking like this. Climb the ladder in-process, outer spring shrink, the whole length of track shortens, and then adapts to the sunken of the track with the ladder contact.

Set up the inner spring in the sleeve, the inner spring tip supports at the inserted bar tip, set up the counter bore on the anterior lower surface of inserted bar, counter bore fit locking lever, set up the guiding hole on the sleeve lower arm, the guiding block of guiding hole fit, the guiding hole corresponds with the counter bore position, and the diameter of guiding hole is greater than the diameter of locking lever, the guiding hole is located the sleeve middle part, the guiding block is fixed on the elastic rod that corresponds, fixed guide cylinder on the sleeve, the guide cylinder is coaxial and the constant diameter with the guiding hole, the fixed stopper in guide cylinder inner wall below. When the automobile runs on a flat road, the elastic rod corresponding to the guide block is not stressed, the guide block is located in the guide cylinder, the locking rod is inserted into the guide hole due to gravity, the guide hole fixes the locking rod, and the insertion rod and the sleeve cannot move relatively. When climbing stairs, when the elastic rod is stressed, the elastic rod jacks up the locking rod, the locking rod is separated from the guide hole, the inserted rod and the sleeve can move relatively, and the inserted rod compresses the inner spring. When the outer spring is compressed to a certain degree, a larger pressure is needed for recompression, if the bottom beam cannot be subjected to enough pressure, the outer spring cannot be compressed to a large degree, the crawler belt cannot be sunken to a large degree, and the crawler belt and the steps do not have enough contact area. The spring of different length, when exerting the same power, its compression stroke is different, and this application utilizes this characteristic, and the extension of outer spring is equivalent to indirectly to the inner spring for can have sufficient stroke from the driving wheel and adapt to the sunken of track, guarantee that track and ladder have sufficient area of contact, and guarantee that the track can be propped up, avoid breaking away from. The locking of locking lever just can be relieved when the elastic rod atress that is located the intermediate position is promoted, so be in order to rely on outer spring to prop up the track before relieving the locking, avoid spring pressure too big and lead to the track tension and can't effectively cave in, the contact locking back, it has contacted and atress with the ladder to show first half of whole track this moment, outer spring has compressed to a certain extent, relieve the locking this moment, inner spring atress and compression, inner spring need not great pressure and can realize the compression, and then guarantee that the track is propped up by appropriate power all the time, avoid the track tension or tension.

The sleeve is a square tube, and the inserted rod is a square rod matched with the sleeve. The square rod and the sleeve are prevented from rotating relatively.

The lower surface of the locking rod is a slope which inclines forwards. When the locking rod is jacked up and the inclined surface corresponds to the inner surface of the sleeve, the inclined surface is contacted with the inner wall of the guide hole due to the movement of the inserted rod, the inclined surface slides on the inner wall of the guide hole, the inclined surface forces the locking rod to move upwards, and smooth unlocking is guaranteed.

Utilize to dial from wheelchair that climbs step device, including seat support and the back of the chair, seat support and the back of the chair link to each other fixedly, fixed chassis under the seat support, the chassis below sets up to dial from climbing step device, fixed pole setting on the anterior floorbar, the pole setting is anterior articulated with the chassis, sets up the angle pneumatic cylinder on the rear portion floorbar, and the base of angle pneumatic cylinder articulates on the chassis, and the telescopic link is articulated on the floorbar at the rear portion. The angle of seat support can be adjusted to the angle pneumatic cylinder for the seat support keeps the level when climbing stair, avoids the focus to move backward and turns over backward.

Lifting hydraulic cylinders are fixed at four corners of the chair seat, two front wheels are mounted on piston rods of the two front lifting hydraulic cylinders, two rear wheels are mounted on piston rods of the two rear lifting hydraulic cylinders, and the two rear wheels are in driving connection through a traveling motor. The traditional wheelchair capable of climbing stairs extends the crawler downwards, but the center of gravity of the whole wheelchair is increased, and the wheelchair is easy to topple. This application rises two front wheels and two rear wheels, and then exposes to dial and leaves and climb the step device, and the focus reduces like this, and then effectively avoids empting.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the stair shifting-away stair climbing device and the wheelchair applying the stair shifting-away stair climbing device, when a user climbs a stair, the right-angle edge of each stair is located between any two adjacent auxiliary wheels, the crawler belt part in contact with the right-angle edge of each stair is inwards sunken due to pressure exerted by the heavy object on the bottom beam, the elastic rods of the auxiliary wheels on the two sides of the sunken part are bent towards the two sides, the crawler belt is pressed on the horizontal plane of each stair by the auxiliary wheels on the upper part, and the crawler belt is pressed on the vertical plane of each stair by the auxiliary wheels on the lower part, so that the contact area between the crawler belt and the stairs is larger due to the pushing of the auxiliary wheels, the crawler belt is only pressed on the stairs due to the elastic force of the elastic rods, sufficient friction force between the crawler belt and the stairs is ensured, the crawler belt and the stairs are completely in surface-. The right angle limit of ladder can be wrapped up to the track, and the track is the contact of face and face with the ladder, frictional force greatly increased to can adapt to the ladder of various sizes, effectively avoid the emergence of skidding, improve the security of traveling greatly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the step climbing device for poking away;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of embodiment B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of embodiment A shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wheelchair according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the step-shifting and climbing device is applied (the step-shifting and climbing device is hidden without avoiding the confusion of the lines);

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of embodiment C-C of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the wheelchair according to the present invention to which a pull-away step-climbing device is applied (the front wheels and the rear wheels are hidden without avoiding confusion of the lines).

In the figure: 1. a driving wheel; 2. a driven wheel; 3. a crawler belt; 4. a sleeve; 5. an inner spring; 6. inserting a rod; 7. an outer spring; 8. an elastic rod; 9. an auxiliary wheel; 10. a step; 11. a bottom beam; 12. a counter bore; 13. a locking lever; 14. a guide hole; 15. a guide cylinder; 16. a limiting block; 17. a track motor; 18. a chair back; 19. a chair seat; 20. a chassis; 21. a lifting hydraulic cylinder; 22. a front wheel; 23. a rear wheel; 24. an angle hydraulic cylinder; 25. erecting a rod; 26. and a guide block.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-7, the step shifting and climbing device comprises a bottom beam 11, two crawler 3 mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom beam 11, each crawler 3 mechanism comprises a sleeve 4, an insert rod 6 is matched in the sleeve 4, a driving wheel 1 is arranged at the front end of the sleeve 4, a driven wheel 2 is arranged at the tail end of the insert rod 6, an outer spring 7 is sleeved on the insert rod 6, two ends of the outer spring 7 are respectively abutted to wheel seats of the sleeve 4 and the driven wheel 2, a plurality of elastic rods 8 are uniformly distributed on the lower wall of the sleeve 4, the elastic rods 8 are perpendicular to the sleeve 4, auxiliary wheels 9 are arranged at the end parts of the elastic rods 8, all the auxiliary wheels 9 are arranged in the same horizontal plane, an annular crawler 3 is sleeved on the driving wheel 1, the driven wheel 2 and the auxiliary wheels 9, the driving wheel 1, the driven wheel 2 and the auxiliary wheels 9 are in friction transmission with the crawler 3, a crawler motor 17.

The working principle and the process are as follows:

the motor drives the driving wheel 1 to rotate, the driving wheel 1 drives the crawler 3 to rotate, walking of the crawler 3 on a flat road is achieved, all the auxiliary wheels 9 are evenly stressed, and the elastic rod 8 is not bent. When climbing stairs, the right-angle side of the ladder 10 is positioned between any two adjacent auxiliary wheels 9, the pressure applied by the heavy object on the bottom beam 11 enables the part of the crawler 3 contacted with the right-angle side of the ladder 10 to be sunken inwards, meanwhile, the elastic rods 8 of the auxiliary wheels 9 on two sides of the sunken part are bent towards two sides, the crawler 3 is propped against the horizontal plane of the ladder 10 by the upper auxiliary wheel 9, the crawler 3 is propped against the vertical plane of the ladder 10 by the lower auxiliary wheel 9, so that the contact area between the crawler 3 and the ladder 10 is larger by the pushing of the auxiliary wheels 9, and the crawler 3 is only pressed on the ladder 10 by the elastic force of the elastic rods 8, so that the crawler 3 and the ladder 10 are ensured to have enough large friction force, the crawler 3 and the ladder 10 are completely in surface-to-surface contact, and the surface contact with the line on the ladder 10 is substantially different from. Along with the walking of track 3, auxiliary wheel 9 on the ladder 10 perpendicular face originally moves forward, when this auxiliary wheel 9 just in time was located the right-angle side position of ladder 10, auxiliary wheel 9 does not receive the force this moment, elastic rod 8 resets, then this auxiliary wheel 9 contacts with ladder 10 horizontal plane again, elastic rod 8 continuous with this auxiliary wheel 9 is crooked forward this moment, and auxiliary wheel 9 that originally corresponds with ladder 10 horizontal plane is because of blockking of ladder 10 right-angle side, its elastic rod 8 that corresponds becomes backward bending, it walks to go round and round like this and begin the realization and climb ladder 10 walking. In the process of climbing the stairs 10, the outer spring 7 contracts, the whole length of the crawler 3 becomes short, and the crawler 3 is adaptive to the depression of the crawler 3 contacting the stairs 10.

Set up interior spring 5 in the sleeve 4, the tip of interior spring 5 supports at the tip of inserted bar 6, set up counter bore 12 on the anterior lower surface of inserted bar 6, counter bore 12 fit locking lever 13, set up guiding hole 14 on the sleeve 4 lower arm, guiding hole 14 fit guide block 26 in, guiding hole 14 corresponds with counter bore 12 position, and the diameter of guiding hole 14 is greater than the diameter of locking lever 13, guiding hole 14 is located the sleeve 4 middle part, guiding block 26 is fixed on the elastic rod 8 that corresponds, fixed guide cylinder 15 on the sleeve 4, guide cylinder 15 is coaxial and the constant diameter with guiding hole 14, fixed stopper 16 in guide cylinder 15 inner wall below. When the vehicle runs on a flat road, the elastic rod 8 corresponding to the guide block 26 is not stressed, at the moment, the guide block 26 is positioned in the guide cylinder 15, the locking rod 13 is inserted into the guide hole 14 due to gravity, the locking rod 13 is fixed by the guide hole 14, and the inserted rod 6 and the sleeve 4 cannot move relatively. When the ladder 10 is climbed, when the elastic rod 8 is stressed, the elastic rod 8 jacks up the locking rod 13, the locking rod 13 is separated from the guide hole 14, the inserted rod 6 and the sleeve 4 can move relatively at the moment, and the inserted rod 6 compresses the inner spring 5. When the outer spring 7 is compressed to a certain degree, a large pressure is required for recompression, and if the base beam 11 cannot receive a sufficient pressure, the outer spring 7 cannot be compressed to a large degree, the track 3 cannot be depressed to a large degree, and the track 3 does not have a sufficient contact area with the step 10. The spring of different length, when exerting the same power, its compression stroke is different, and this application utilizes this characteristic, and interior spring 5 is equivalent to the extension of outer spring 7 indirectly for from the sunken of driving wheel 2 can have sufficient stroke to adapt to track 3, guarantee that track 3 and ladder 10 have sufficient area of contact, and guarantee that track 3 can be propped up, avoid breaking away from. The locking of the locking rod 13 can be released only when the elastic rod 8 positioned in the middle is jacked up under stress, so that the crawler 3 is supported by the outer spring 7 before the locking is released, the phenomenon that the crawler 3 is too tight to be effectively sunken due to overlarge spring pressure is avoided, after the locking is achieved through contact, the fact that the front half part of the whole crawler 3 is in contact with the ladder 10 and is stressed is shown at the moment, the outer spring 7 is compressed to a certain degree, the locking is released at the moment, the inner spring 5 is stressed and compressed, the inner spring 5 can be compressed without large pressure, the crawler 3 is enabled to be always supported by proper force, and the situation that the crawler 3 is too loose or too tight is avoided.

The sleeve 4 is a square tube, and the inserted bar 6 is a square bar matched with the sleeve. The square bar and the sleeve 4 are prevented from rotating relatively.

The lower surface of the locking lever 13 is a slope that is inclined forward. When the locking lever 13 is jacked up and the ramp is in correspondence with the inner surface of the sleeve 4, the movement of the bayonet 6 causes the ramp to come into contact with the inner wall of the guide hole 14 and the ramp slides on the inner wall of the guide hole 14, the ramp forcing the locking lever 13 to move upwards, ensuring a smooth unlocking.

Utilize to dial from wheelchair of climbing step device, including seat support 19 and back of the chair 18, seat support 19 links to each other fixedly with back of the chair 18, and fixed chassis 20 under the seat support 19 sets up below the chassis 20 and dials from climbing step device, and fixed pole setting 25 is gone up to anterior floorbar 11, and pole setting 25 is anterior articulated with chassis 20, sets up angle pneumatic cylinder 24 on the rear portion floorbar 11, and angle pneumatic cylinder 24's base articulates on chassis 20, and the telescopic link is articulated on rear portion floorbar 11. The angle hydraulic cylinder 24 can adjust the angle of the seat 19 so that the seat 19 remains horizontal when climbing stairs, avoiding the center of gravity from moving backwards and turning backwards.

Lifting hydraulic cylinders 21 are fixed at four corners of the chair seat 19, two front wheels 22 are mounted on piston rods of the front two lifting hydraulic cylinders 21, two rear wheels 23 are mounted on piston rods of the rear two lifting hydraulic cylinders 21, and the two rear wheels 23 are in driving connection through a traveling motor. In the conventional wheelchair for climbing stairs, the crawler belt 3 extends downwards, but the center of gravity of the whole wheelchair is increased, and the wheelchair is easy to topple. This application rises two front wheels 22 and two rear wheels 23, and then exposes to dial and leaves and climb the step device, and the focus reduces like this, and then effectively avoids empting.

These and other changes can be made to the present apparatus with reference to the above detailed description. While the above detailed description describes certain embodiments of the invention and describes the best mode contemplated, no matter how detailed the above appears in text, the system can be practiced in many ways. The details of the local-based support device, although considerable variation in its implementation details is possible, are nevertheless contained within the device disclosed herein. As noted above, particular technical terms used in describing particular features or aspects of the present apparatus do not imply that the terms are redefined herein to be restricted to specific characteristics, features, or aspects of the system with which the terms are associated. In general, the terms used in the following claims should not be construed to limit the system to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification, unless the above detailed description section explicitly defines such terms. Accordingly, the actual scope of the system encompasses not only the disclosed embodiments, but also all equivalent ways of practicing or implementing the apparatus covered by the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a dial from climbing step device which characterized in that: comprises a bottom beam (11), two crawler belt (3) mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom beam (11), the crawler belt (3) mechanisms comprise sleeves (4), insert rods (6) are internally matched with the sleeves (4), driving wheels (1) are arranged at the front ends of the sleeves (4), driven wheels (2) are arranged at the tail ends of the insert rods (6), outer springs (7) are sleeved on the insert rods (6), two ends of each outer spring (7) respectively abut against wheel seats of the sleeves (4) and the driven wheels (2), a plurality of elastic rods (8) are uniformly distributed on the lower wall of each sleeve (4), the elastic rods (8) are perpendicular to the sleeves (4), auxiliary wheels (9) are arranged at the end parts of the elastic rods (8), all the auxiliary wheels (9) are arranged in the same horizontal plane, annular crawler belts (3) are sleeved on the driving wheels (1), the driven wheels (2) and the auxiliary wheels (9), and the crawler belts (3) are in friction transmission with the driving wheels, a caterpillar motor (17) is fixed on the bottom beam (11), and a rotating shaft of the caterpillar motor (17) is in transmission connection with the driving wheel (1).

2. The step-climbing poking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: set up inner spring (5) in sleeve (4), inner spring (5) tip supports at inserted bar (6) tip, set up counter bore (12) on the anterior lower surface of inserted bar (6), counter bore (12) fit locking lever (13) in, set up guiding hole (14) on sleeve (4) lower arm, guiding hole (14) fit guide block (26) in, guiding hole (14) correspond with counter bore (12) position, and the diameter of guiding hole (14) is greater than the diameter of locking lever (13), guiding hole (14) are located sleeve (4) middle part, guide block (26) are fixed on corresponding elastic rod (8), fixed guide cylinder (15) on sleeve (4), guide cylinder (15) are coaxial and the constant diameter with guiding hole (14), fixed stopper (16) in guide cylinder (15) inner wall below.

3. The step-climbing poking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sleeve (4) is a square tube, and the inserted bar (6) is a square bar matched with the sleeve.

4. The device for dialing off and climbing steps according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower surface of the locking rod (13) is a slope which inclines forwards.

5. A wheelchair using the stair climbing device according to claim 2, wherein: including seat support (19) and back of the chair (18), seat support (19) and back of the chair (18) link to each other fixedly, fixed chassis (20) under seat support (19), chassis (20) below sets up to dial from climbing the step device, fixed pole setting (25) on anterior floorbar (11), pole setting (25) and chassis (20) front portion are articulated, set up angle pneumatic cylinder (24) on rear portion floorbar (11), the base of angle pneumatic cylinder (24) articulates on chassis (20), the telescopic link articulates on rear portion floorbar (11).

6. The step-climbing poking device according to claim 5, wherein: lifting hydraulic cylinders (21) are fixed at four corners of the chair seat (19), two front wheels (22) are installed on piston rods of the two front lifting hydraulic cylinders (21), two rear wheels (23) are installed on piston rods of the two rear lifting hydraulic cylinders (21), and the two rear wheels (23) are in driving connection through a traveling motor.