CN112913682A - Screening method for configuration combination of Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera cultivars - Google Patents
Screening method for configuration combination of Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera cultivars Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913682A CN112913682A CN202110280432.2A CN202110280432A CN112913682A CN 112913682 A CN112913682 A CN 112913682A CN 202110280432 A CN202110280432 A CN 202110280432A CN 112913682 A CN112913682 A CN 112913682A
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- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a screening method for configuration and combination of Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera cultivars, which comprises the following steps of: step one, variety selection; step two, pollination control; picking fruits; step four, combined screening; in the first step, selecting a clone with higher fruit oil rate and larger seeds from the approved oil tea fine varieties of the Baixi soft-branch oil tea as a main cultivated variety, investigating the florescence phenology of each clone, selecting a fine variety clone consistent with the full florescence of the main cultivated variety, picking buds, bringing the buds back to a laboratory for measuring the pollen amount, and taking the fine variety clone with large pollen amount as a matched cultivated variety; the screening method of the cultivation configuration combination of the camellia oleifera abel overcomes the defects of low yield, poor quality and small application range of the conventional camellia oleifera abel cultivation variety configuration combination, and provides the screening method of the cultivation configuration combination of the camellia oleifera abel variety mainly cultivated in Guangxi, so that the practicability and the operability are strong, and the cultivation variety collocation is more scientific.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of camellia oleifera cultivation, in particular to a screening method for configuration and combination of camellia oleifera cultivars with ash creek and soft branches.
Background
The camellia oleifera is a cross-pollinated plant, is incompatible with self-pollination, and has the fruit setting rate far lower than that of cross-pollination, so that the fruit setting rate is increased by adopting a method of mixed-line afforestation of several or more varieties to increase the yield in production, and the variety configuration becomes an important technical means for increasing the yield and the benefit of the camellia oleifera. However, in variety configuration, great blindness and unscientific performance exist, which leads to the defects of low yield, poor quality and the like, at present, in the research on the cultivation configuration of improved varieties of oil tea, the improved varieties in Hunan province and Jiangxi provinces are mostly taken as test objects, key screening indexes of configuration combinations such as fruit setting rate and the like lack specific parameters, and certain limitation is configured for guiding the cultivation of the improved varieties in other provinces.
The Qinxi soft-branch camellia oleifera is a good farmhouse variety originally produced in Guangxi, has the advantages of fast growth, early fruiting, high and stable yield, wide adaptability and the like, and nine improved variety clones approved by the nation or autonomous region are bred from the Qinxi soft-branch camellia oleifera through years of research and are popularized in a large area in Guangxi, thus being a main cultivated variety of the Guangxi camellia oleifera. With the development of the industry, the precision and the high quality become higher requirements, as a large-area main-pushed cultivar in Guangxi, the clone of the Baixi soft-branch camellia has certain differences in flowering season, pollen quantity, fruit economic traits and the like, how to cultivate and configure the clone of the Baixi soft-branch camellia greatly develops the improved variety potential, and the method is one of the key problems in the high-quality development of Guangxi camellia raw material forest base.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a screening method for configuration and combination of the camellia oleifera cultivars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a screening method for configuration and combination of camellia oleifera cultivars with Cenxi and Soft branches, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a screening method for configuration and combination of Cenxi camellia oleifera cultivars comprises the following steps: step one, variety selection; step two, pollination control; picking fruits; step four, combined screening;
in the first step, selecting a clone with higher fruit oil rate and larger seeds from the approved oil tea fine varieties of the Baixi soft-branch oil tea as a main cultivated variety, investigating the florescence phenology of each clone, selecting a fine variety clone consistent with the full florescence of the main cultivated variety, picking buds, bringing the buds back to a laboratory for measuring the pollen amount, and taking the fine variety clone with large pollen amount as a matched cultivated variety;
in the second step, setting pollination combinations by taking main cultivars as female parents and auxiliary cultivars as male parents, performing artificial control pollination by adopting a bagging method in the flowering period, and marking by listing by taking female parent clone natural pollination as a comparison, wherein the number of each combined pollination is 50-60;
in the third step, the percentage of fertile fruit of each combination is counted at the bottom of 2 months in the next year, the fruits are picked after the fruits naturally mature in the first 11 months, the fruits are taken back to a laboratory, and the economic characters of the fruits of each combination are measured;
and in the fourth step, screening the fruit setting rate index and the fruit economic character index of each combination according to the determination result to obtain the optimal configuration combination of the Cenxi camellia oleifera cultivars.
According to the technical scheme, in the first step, the main cultivar is selected from the improved variety clone of the camellia oleifera with the fruit oil rate of more than 7.5% and the single seed weight of more than 2.5 g.
According to the technical scheme, in the first step, the improved variety clone of the camellia oleifera with the single flower pollen amount exceeding 1.05 ten thousand is selected as the matched variety.
According to the technical scheme, in the fourth step, the economic character indexes of the fruits comprise two indexes of single seed weight and fresh seed yield.
According to the technical scheme, in the fourth step, the fruit set percentage index refers to a combination of the fruit set percentage of over 75 percent and the weight of single seeds and the fresh seed yield of not less than the contrast ratio.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the screening method of the configuration combination of the Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera cultivars overcomes the defects of low yield, poor quality and small application range of the conventional camellia oleifera cultivars, provides the screening method of the configuration combination of the Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera of the Guangxi main camellia oleifera cultivars, has strong practicability and operability, and solves the problem of blind matching of the current Guangxi camellia oleifera cultivars; according to the cultivation configuration combination screened by the method, the fruit setting rate of camellia oleifera cultivation is improved, the yield of camellia oleifera is increased, the quality of camellia oleifera is improved, and the method has important significance for guiding the high-quality development of camellia oleifera forestation; the method optimizes and promotes the selection of main cultivated varieties on the basis of the improved varieties of the oil tea, puts higher requirements on the main cultivated varieties, selects the excellent varieties from the excellent varieties and promotes the popularization of the high-quality improved varieties.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
example 1:
a screening method for configuration and combination of Cenxi camellia oleifera cultivars comprises the following steps: step one, variety selection; step two, pollination control; picking fruits; step four, combined screening;
in the first step, in 2017 and 2018, the flowering season phenological signs of 9 improved varieties of the Baixi soft-branch camellia oleifera are observed and recorded for two consecutive years, the flowering season of each clone is determined, the single pollen amount of each clone is subjected to microscopic observation, the Baizhou soft ZJ24 with the fruit oil rate of 8.20% and the single seed weight of 3.25g is selected as a main cultivated variety, the full flowering season is consistent with the same, and the Baizhou soft No. 24 with the single pollen amount up to 19800 is selected as a matched cultivated variety;
in the second step, in 11-month middle ten days in 2018, a main cultivated variety is used as a female parent, an auxiliary cultivated variety is used as a male parent, an ash soft ZJ24 (female parent) x ash soft 24 (male parent) pollination combination is set, manual control pollination is carried out by adopting a bagging method in the flowering period, meanwhile, natural pollination of ash soft ZJ24 is used as a control, listing marking is carried out, and the number of each combined pollination is 50;
in the third step, the fruit setting rate of each combination is counted at the bottom of 2 months in 2019, the fruit setting rate of the hybrid combination is 80.65%, the fruit setting rate of natural pollination is 68.72%, fruits are picked in 11 months and 9 days, the fruits are taken back to a laboratory, the economic properties of the fruits of each combination are measured, the single seed weight of the hybrid fruits obtained by the hybrid combination of ' Cen ' ZJ24 ' ("female") x ' Cen ' soft No. 24 ' ("male) is 3.05g, the fresh seed yield is 47.79%, the single seed weight of the natural pollination of ' Cen ' soft ZJ24 ' is 3.25g, and the fresh seed yield is 45.41%;
in the fourth step, the fruit setting rate index and the fruit economic character index of each combination are screened according to the determination result, and the difference of the two groups is not obvious, so that the afforestation can be carried out by taking the Cen-Sc-ZJ 24 as the main cultivar and taking the Cen-Sc-24 as the.
Example 2:
a screening method for configuration and combination of Cenxi camellia oleifera cultivars comprises the following steps: step one, variety selection; step two, pollination control; picking fruits; step four, combined screening;
in the first step, in 2019, in approved improved varieties of camellia oleifera passing through the approval of the camellia oleifera in 2019, selecting 'xian soft 3-62' with fruit oil rate of 9.11% and single-seed weight of 3.41g as main cultivars, and selecting 'xian soft ZJ 11' with the full-bloom period and the same half-late ten days in 11 months and single-flower pollen amount of 15200 as auxiliary cultivars;
in the second step, a main cultivated variety is used as a female parent, a subsidiary cultivated variety is used as a male parent, a female pollination combination of 'Cenbai Soft 3-62' and 'Cenbai Soft ZJ 11' is set, artificial control pollination is carried out by adopting a bagging method in the flowering period, meanwhile, natural pollination of 'Cenbai Soft 3-62' is used as a comparison, tag hanging marking is carried out, and the number of each combined pollination is 6;
in the third step, the fruit setting rate of each combination is counted at the end of 2 months in 2020, the fruit setting rate of the hybrid combination is 85.71%, the fruit setting rate of natural pollination is 62.29%, the fruits are picked after the fruits naturally mature in 11 months and taken back to a laboratory, the economic properties of the fruits of each combination are measured, and the single seed weight of the hybrid fruits obtained by the hybrid combination of 'Cenbai Soft 3-62' ("female") x 'Cenbai Soft ZJ 11' ("male) is 2.61g, the fresh seed yield is 45.67%, the single seed weight of the natural pollination of 'Cenbai Soft 3-62' is 2.54g, and the fresh seed yield is 46.92%;
in the fourth step, the fruit setting rate index and the fruit economic character index of each combination are screened according to the determination result, and the difference of the two groups is not obvious, so that the 'Cen-Sao 3-62' can be used as a main cultivated variety and the 'Cen-Sa ZJ 11' can be used as a matched cultivated variety for afforestation.
The cultivars obtained in the above examples are combined and configured to be respectively subjected to fruit set percentage, single seed weight and fresh seed yield determination and comparison, and the obtained data are as follows:
| percentage of fruit set | Weight of single seed | Fresh seed yield | |
| Example 1 | 80.65％ | 3.05g | 47.79％ |
| Example 2 | 85.71％ | 2.61g | 45.67％ |
Based on the above, the method has the advantages that the defects of low yield, poor quality and small application range of the existing oil tea cultivated species configuration combination are overcome, the screening method of the cultivation configuration combination is provided for the Qinxi soft-branch oil tea of the Guangxi main cultivated oil tea variety, the practicability and the operability are strong, the variety collocation is more scientific, the fruit setting rate of oil tea cultivation is improved according to the cultivation configuration combination screened by the method, the yield of the oil tea is increased, the quality of the oil tea is improved, the important significance is provided for guiding the high-quality development of oil tea afforestation, meanwhile, the selection of the main cultivated species is optimized and promoted on the basis of the good oil tea variety, the higher requirement is provided for the main cultivated species, the excellent selection is realized, and the popularization of the good oil tea variety with high quality is promoted.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A screening method for configuration and combination of Cenxi camellia oleifera cultivars comprises the following steps: step one, variety selection; step two, pollination control; picking fruits; step four, combined screening; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, selecting a clone with higher fruit oil rate and larger seeds from the approved oil tea fine varieties of the Baixi soft-branch oil tea as a main cultivated variety, investigating the florescence phenology of each clone, selecting a fine variety clone consistent with the full florescence of the main cultivated variety, picking buds, bringing the buds back to a laboratory for measuring the pollen amount, and taking the fine variety clone with large pollen amount as a matched cultivated variety;
in the second step, setting pollination combinations by taking main cultivars as female parents and auxiliary cultivars as male parents, performing artificial control pollination by adopting a bagging method in the flowering period, and marking by listing by taking female parent clone natural pollination as a comparison, wherein the number of each combined pollination is 50-60;
in the third step, the percentage of fertile fruit of each combination is counted at the bottom of 2 months in the next year, the fruits are picked after the fruits naturally mature in the first 11 months, the fruits are taken back to a laboratory, and the economic characters of the fruits of each combination are measured;
and in the fourth step, screening the fruit setting rate index and the fruit economic character index of each combination according to the determination result to obtain the optimal configuration combination of the Cenxi camellia oleifera cultivars.
2. The screening method of the configuration combination of the camellia oleifera cultivars with the radix scutellariae and the soft branches as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the first step, the main cultivar is selected from the improved variety clone of the camellia oleifera with the fruit oil rate of more than 7.5% and the single seed weight of more than 2.5 g.
3. The screening method of the configuration combination of the camellia oleifera cultivars with the radix scutellariae and the soft branches as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the first step, the improved variety clone of the camellia oleifera with the single pollen amount more than 1.05 ten thousand is selected as the matched variety.
4. The screening method of the configuration combination of the camellia oleifera cultivars with the radix scutellariae and the soft branches as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the economic character indexes of the fruits comprise two indexes of single seed weight and fresh seed yield.
5. The screening method of the configuration combination of the camellia oleifera cultivars with the radix scutellariae and the soft branches as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the fruit set percentage index refers to the combination of the fruit set percentage of more than 75 percent and the weight of single seeds and the fresh seed yield of not less than the contrast.
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| CN115956469A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-04-14 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Clone testing and matching method for camellia oleifera |
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| CN106688873A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-24 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera bi-clonal seed orchard parent selection method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106688873A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-24 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Cenxi soft-branch camellia oleifera bi-clonal seed orchard parent selection method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 杨露等: "4个油茶良种授粉组合筛选试验研究", 《种子》 * |
| 谢再成等: "‘赣州油’系列油茶品种配置筛选", 《经济林研究》 * |
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| CN115956469A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-04-14 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Clone testing and matching method for camellia oleifera |
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