CN112911729B

CN112911729B - Method, terminal and storage medium for establishing tunnel direct link

Info

Publication number: CN112911729B
Application number: CN202110124939.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴昊; 王鑫
Original assignee: Jimi Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jimi Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-29
Filing date: 2021-01-29
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-29
Also published as: CN112911729A

Abstract

The application discloses a method, a terminal and a storage medium for establishing a tunnel direct link, and relates to the field of wireless communication. The method includes setting a parameter EHT capabilities or a parameter EHT operation in a TDLSSetupRequest parameter, a TDLSSetupResponse parameter, a TDLSSetupConfirmer parameter, a TDLS Setup Request frame, a TDLS Setup Response frame and a TDLSSetup Confirm frame, and setting a parameter ML Elements when a local parameter dot11 MultilinkOptionreal implementation indicates that the terminal supports a multilink operation capability or indicates that the terminal supports a multilink operation capability and starts the operation. By implementing the scheme, the multi-link terminal does not need to execute a TDLS connection establishment process on each link, so that air interface signaling is reduced, waste of wireless resources is avoided, and throughput of effective data is improved.

Description

Method, terminal and storage medium for establishing tunnel direct link

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a method, a terminal, and a storage medium for establishing a tunnel direct link.

Background

In the 802.11 system, an access device (AP STA) and a terminal (Non-AP STA) are internally deployed with a MAC layer and a PHY layer, wherein main functions of the MAC layer include channel management, connection management, quality of service management, power control, time synchronization, and the like, and main functions of the PHY layer include modulation, coding, transmission, and the like.

Both the MAC layer and the PHY layer conceptually include management units called a MAC layer management unit MLME (MAC sublayer management entity) and a physical layer management unit PLME (PHY sublayer management entity), respectively. These units provide low-level management service interfaces through which low-level management functions can be invoked.

In order to provide proper MAC operation, each STA (including Non-AP STA and AP STA) has a high-level management unit therein, such as SME (station management entity, device management unit), which means a high-level management unit above the MAC layer, is a layer-independent unit, which is located in a separate management plane.

Action of SME: typically, the unit is responsible for functions such as collecting layer-related states from various layer management units (MLME and PLME), and similarly, it will also set layer-specific parameter values. SMEs typically perform such functions on behalf of general system management entities. Fig. 1 depicts the relationship between management units.

802.11be networks, also known as Extremely High Throughput (EHT) networks, enhance functionality through a range of system characteristics and mechanisms to achieve extremely high throughput. As the use of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) continues to grow, it is increasingly important to provide wireless data services in many environments, such as homes, businesses, and hotspots. In particular, video traffic will continue to be the dominant traffic type in many WLAN deployments. The throughput requirements of these applications are evolving due to the advent of 4k and 8k video (20 Gbps uncompressed rate). New high throughput, low latency applications such as virtual or augmented reality, gaming, remote offices, and cloud computing will proliferate (e.g., latency for real-time gaming is less than 5 milliseconds).

In view of the high throughput and stringent real-time delay requirements of these applications, users desire to support their applications over a WLAN with higher throughput, higher reliability, less delay and jitter, and higher power efficiency. Users desire improved integration with Time Sensitive Networks (TSNs) to support applications on heterogeneous ethernet and wireless LANs. The 802.11be network aims to ensure the competitiveness of WLAN by further improving the overall throughput and reducing the delay while ensuring backward compatibility and coexistence with legacy technology standards. 802.11 compatible devices operating in the 2.4GHz,5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands.

Disclosure of Invention

In the conventional TDLS (tunnel direct link setup) technology, direct data communication between terminals can be performed under the coordination of access devices. After introducing the multi-link terminal and the access device, the direct communication between the terminal and the terminal can have a more flexible way, for example, all links can be used for end-to-end communication to improve the data transmission rate, such as high-definition video projection, etc., and can also perform end-to-end communication and still perform data transmission with the access device, such as online game projection, etc. According to the above scenario, the present application provides a method, a terminal and a storage medium for TDLS of a multi-link terminal.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for establishing a tunnel direct link, including:

if the local parameter dot11 ehtopperiod materialized of the initiator terminal indicates that the initiator terminal supports EHT system capability or indicates that the initiator terminal supports EHT system capability and is enabled, a high-level management unit of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetup request primitive to a low-level management unit, wherein the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive comprises parameters tdlsresponse address and TDLSSetupRequest, TDLSResponderAddress parameters for indicating the address of the responder terminal, the tdlssetup request parameter is used for indicating a TDLS establishment request parameter, and the tdlssetup request parameter comprises parameters of EHT Capabilities1, and the EHT Capabilities1 is used for indicating the EHT system capability parameter of the initiator terminal;

the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal sends TDLS Setup Request frames to the responder terminal according to the address of TDLSResponse address in the received MLME-TDLSSETUPREQUEST request primitive, wherein the TDLS Setup Request frames contain the parameter EHT Capabilities1;

the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal receives TDLS Setup Response frames sent by the responder terminal, wherein the TDLS Setup Response frames comprise parameters status codes and EHT Capabilities2, the status codes are used for indicating whether the responder terminal accepts establishment of a tunnel direct link, and the EHT Capabilities2 are used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal;

The lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-TDLSSETUPRESONSE. Indication primitive to a Gao Cengguan management unit, wherein the MLME-TDLSSETUPRESONSE. Indication primitive comprises parameters TDLSResponserAddress and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS to establish response parameters, and the TDLSSETUpResponse parameters comprise parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2;

when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, the TDLS Setup Response frame and tdlssetup response parameters further include parameters Link info, the Link info is used for indicating the established Link information, the high-level management unit of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetup request primitive to the low-level management unit, the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive includes parameters tdlsresponse address and TDLSSetupConfirm, TDLSSetupConfirm parameters for indicating TDLS establishment confirmation parameters, and the tdlssetup response parameters include parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the EHT Operation1 is used for indicating EHT system Operation parameters of the initiator terminal;

after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal sends TDLS Setup Confirm frames to the responder terminal, where the TDLS Setup Confirm frames include parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info.

In one possible implementation, when the local parameter dot11multilink operation performed of the initiator terminal indicates that the initiator terminal supports the multilink operation capability or indicates that the initiator terminal supports the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, the TDLSSetupRequest parameter, TDLS Setup Request frame, TDLSSetupConfirm parameter, and TDLS Setup Confirm frame further include a parameter ML Elements1, where ML Elements1 is used to indicate the multilink parameter of the initiator terminal. Alternatively, the parameter ML Elements1 may also be contained in EHT Capabilities1 or EHT operations 1. Still further, a parameter ML Elements1 may be included in the MAC Capabilities of the EHT Capabilities1, and the Multi link support is included in the ML Elements 1. When the parameters ML Elements1 are included in EHT Operation1, the parameters Align start time of PPDU and Align end time of PPDU in EHT Operation1 may be included in ML Elements 1.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for establishing a tunnel direct link, including:

after receiving the TDLS Setup Request frame sent by the initiator terminal, the lower layer management unit of the responder terminal sends an MLME-TDLSSetupRequest. Indication primitive to the Gao Cengguan management unit, where the MLME-TDLSSetupRequest. Indication primitive includes parameters tdlsinitial address and TDLSSetupRequest, TDLSInitiatorAddress parameter used for indicating an address of the initiator terminal, TDLSSetupRequest parameter used for indicating a TDLS establishment request parameter, and the TDLSSetupRequest parameter includes a parameter EHT Capabilities1, and the EHT Capabilities1 is used for indicating an EHT system capability parameter of the initiator terminal;

If the local parameter dot11 ehtopperiod materialted of the responder terminal indicates that the responder terminal supports EHT system capability or indicates that the responder terminal supports EHT system capability and is enabled, after receiving the MLME-tdlssetupquest. Indication primitive, a high-level management unit of the responder terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetuponse. Request primitive to a low-level management unit, wherein the MLME-tdlssetuponse. Request primitive contains parameters tdlslnitiatoraddress and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS to establish response parameters, the TDLSSetupResponse parameters contain parameters status codes and EHT Capabilities2, the status codes are used for indicating whether the responder terminal accepts establishment of a tunnel direct link, and the EHT Capabilities2 are used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal;

after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, the lower layer management unit of the responder terminal sends TDLS Setup Response frames to the initiator terminal, wherein the TDLS Setup Response frames comprise the parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2;

when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of a tunnel direct Link, the tdlssetup response parameter and TDLS Setup Response frames further contain a parameter Link info, the Link info is used for indicating the established Link information, a low-level management unit of the responder terminal receives TDLS Setup Confirm frames sent by the initiator terminal, the TDLS Setup Confirm frames contain parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the EHT Operation1 is used for indicating the EHT system Operation parameters of the sender terminal;

The lower layer management unit of the responder terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive to the Gao Cengguan management unit, where the MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive includes parameters tdlssetiaddress and tdlssetuponfirm, and the tdlssetuponfirm parameters include parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info.

In one possible implementation, when the local parameter dot11multilink operation performed of the responder terminal indicates that the responder terminal supports the multilink operation capability or indicates that the responder terminal supports the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, the TDLSSetupResponse parameter and TDLS Setup Response frame further include a parameter ML Elements2, where ML Elements2 is used to indicate the multilink parameter of the responder terminal. Alternatively, the parameter ML Elements2 may be contained in EHT Capabilities 2. Still further, the parameter ML Elements2 may be included in the MAC Capabilities of EHT Capabilities2, and the Multi link support is included in the ML Elements 2.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a terminal comprising a high-level management unit and a low-level management unit, wherein,

a high-level management unit, configured to send an MLME-tdlssetupquest request primitive to a low-level management unit if a local parameter dot11 ehtopperiod implemented of the initiator terminal indicates that the initiator terminal supports EHT system capability or indicates that the initiator terminal supports EHT system capability and is enabled, where the MLME-tdlssetupquest request primitive includes parameters tdlssetupaddress and TDLSSetupRequest, TDLSResponderAddress parameters for indicating an address of the responder terminal, and a tdlssetupquest parameter for indicating a TDLS establishment request parameter, where the tdlssetupquest parameter includes a parameter EHT Capabilities1, and where the EHT Capabilities1 is used for indicating an EHT system capability parameter of the initiator terminal; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, sending an MLME-TDLSSETUPCONFIRM request primitive to a low-level management unit, wherein the MLME-TDLSSETUPCONFIRM request primitive comprises parameters TDLSResponserAddress and TDLSSetupConfirm, TDLSSetupConfirm parameters for indicating TDLS to establish a confirmation parameter, and the TDLSSETUpConFIrm parameter comprises parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the EHT Operation1 is used for indicating the EHT system Operation parameters of the initiator terminal;

A low-layer management unit, configured to send TDLS Setup Request frames to a responder terminal according to an address of tdlsresponsondinaddress in the received MLME-tdlssetuprequest request primitive, where the TDLS Setup Request frames include the parameter EHT Capabilities1; receiving TDLS Setup Response frames sent by a responder terminal, wherein the TDLS Setup Response frames comprise parameters status codes and EHT Capabilities2, the status codes are used for indicating whether the responder terminal accepts establishment of a tunnel direct link, and the EHT Capabilities2 are used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal; sending an MLME-TDLSSETUPRESONSE/indication primitive to a Gao Cengguan processing unit, wherein the MLME-TDLSSETUPRESONSE/indication primitive comprises parameters TDLSResponserAddress and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS to establish response parameters, and the TDLSSETUpResponse parameters comprise parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, the TDLS Setup Response frame and the TDLSSetupResponse parameters also comprise parameters Link info, wherein the Link info is used for indicating the established Link information; after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, the method sends TDLS Setup Confirm frames to the responder terminal, wherein the TDLS Setup Confirm frames include parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a terminal comprising a high-level management unit and a low-level management unit, wherein,

a low-layer management unit, configured to send an MLME-TDLSSetupRequest. Indication primitive to a Gao Cengguan management unit after receiving a TDLS Setup Request frame sent by an initiator terminal, where the MLME-TDLSSetupRequest. Indication primitive includes parameters tdlsinitiatoddress and TDLSSetupRequest, TDLSInitiatorAddress for indicating an address of the initiator terminal, a TDLSSetupRequest parameter for indicating a TDLS establishment request parameter, and the TDLSSetupRequest parameter includes a parameter EHT Capabilities1, and the EHT Capabilities1 is for indicating an EHT system capability parameter of the initiator terminal; after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, sending TDLS Setup Response frames to the initiator terminal, where the TDLS Setup Response frames include the parameter status code and EHT Capabilities2; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, TDLS Setup Confirm frames sent by the initiator terminal are received, wherein the TDLS Setup Confirm frames comprise parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the EHT Operation1 is used for indicating the EHT system Operation parameters of the sender terminal; sending an MLME-TDLSSETUPCONFIRM instruction primitive to a Gao Cengguan processing unit, wherein the MLME-TDLSSETUPCONFIRM instruction primitive comprises parameters TDLSINitiator address and TDLSSETUpConfield, and the TDLSSETUpConfield parameters comprise parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info;

A high-level management unit, configured to send an MLME-tdlssetuponse.request primitive to a low-level management unit if a local parameter dot11 ehtopperiod implemented of the responder terminal indicates that the responder terminal supports EHT system capability or indicates that the responder terminal supports EHT system capability and is enabled, after receiving the MLME-tdlssetuprequest.indication primitive, where the MLME-tdlssetuponse.request primitive includes parameters tdlssetuponse address and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS to establish a response parameter, and the TDLSSetupResponse parameter includes parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2, where the status code is used for indicating whether the responder terminal accepts establishment of a direct tunnel link, and the EHT Capabilities2 is used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, the tdlssetup response parameter and TDLS Setup Response frame further include a parameter Link info, where the Link info is used to indicate the Link information of the establishment.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a terminal, where the terminal includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a method for establishing a tunnel direct link according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a storage medium having at least one program code stored therein, where the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a method for tunnel direct link establishment according to the first or second aspect.

It should be noted that, the terminal according to the third aspect is configured to perform the method provided in the first aspect, the terminal according to the fourth aspect is configured to perform the method provided in the second aspect, and the terminal according to the fifth aspect and the storage medium according to the sixth aspect are configured to perform the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, so that the same advantages as those of the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect can be achieved, and embodiments of the present application will not be repeated.

By implementing the scheme, the multi-link terminal does not need to execute a TDLS connection establishment process on each link, so that air interface signaling is reduced, waste of wireless resources is avoided, and throughput of effective data is improved.

Drawings

The present application will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a management unit of a device in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for establishing a tunnel direct link according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application. Furthermore, while the disclosure has been presented in terms of an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it should be understood that various aspects of the disclosure can be practiced separately from the disclosure in a complete subject matter. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary," "for example," and the like are used to indicate by way of example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the term use of an example is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one from another, and the corresponding terms may or may not have the same meaning. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items.

In the embodiment of the application, the terminal device and the access device both include a low-level management unit and a high-level management unit, where the low-level management unit is a unit for managing and controlling data transmission of the device, such as MLME and PLME, and the high-level management unit is a unit for managing services or applications of the device, such as a device management unit SME and an application management unit AME (application management entity).

It should be noted that the multi-link device includes a plurality of logic entities, each logic entity performs data transmission through a link, and each logic entity includes an independent data transceiver module. A conventional single link device has only one logical entity and only one MAC address, while a multi-link device has one MAC address for each logical entity affiliated to the multi-link device, e.g., a multi-link device operates with 3 logical entities, then there are four MAC addresses on this physical device, one for the multi-link device and one for each of the three logical entities. In the embodiment of the present application, the logical STA is a logical entity in the terminal.

In the tunnel direct link establishment, one terminal initiates an end-to-end direct link with another terminal, and the terminal initiating establishment of the direct link is called an initiator terminal, and the peer terminal establishing the link is called a responder terminal.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for establishing a tunnel direct link according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method for establishing the tunnel direct link includes the following procedures:

1. when the current terminal supports the EHT system capability and is enabled, a parameter dot11 EHTOptionrealized is set to true locally, and when the current terminal supports the EHT system capability and is not enabled, the parameter dot11 EHTOptionrealized is set to false locally.

Or, if the current terminal supports EHT capability, the parameter dot11 ehtopperiod implemented is set locally to true.

2. If the current terminal supports the EHT system capability, the current terminal has the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, namely when the dot11 EHTOptionrealized is true, a parameter dot11 multilinkOptionrealized is locally set, and the value of the current terminal is set to true; if the multi-link operation capability is available and the operation is closed, setting a parameter dot11 multi-link operation implemented with a value of false;

Or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

and if the current terminal supports the multi-link operation capability, setting a parameter dot11 multi-link operation implemented at local, wherein the value of the parameter dot11 multi-link operation implemented is set to true.

3. The SME of the initiator terminal sends a MLME-tdlssetup request primitive to the MLME of the initiator terminal, the primitive containing the following parameters:

tdlsresponsndaddress: an address of the responder terminal;

TDLSSetupRequest: the TDLS setup request parameters, for example, include parameters as shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

An example of EHT capabilities parameter settings is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

MAC Capability

PHY Capability

MAC Capability: MAC layer capabilities of EHT systems;

PHY Capability: physical layer capabilities of the EHT system;

MAC Capability contains one or more of the parameters shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 Table 3

PHY Capability contains one or more of the parameters shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 Table 4

The ML Elements parameter examples are shown in table 5.

TABLE 5

MLD common info

STA info 1

STA info n

MLD common info: indicating the multilink public parameters of the terminal;

STA info 1-STA info n: indicating the exclusive parameter of a single logic STA in the terminal, wherein 1-n represents that one or more logic STAs can exist, and the parameter n is determined by the number of the logic STAs actually operated by the terminal;

the STA info 1-n parameters may be set as shown in table 6.

TABLE 6

Link ID

STA Capability

STA operation

Link ID: an identification indicating a link on which the logical STA operates;

STA Capability: indicating capability parameters specific to the logical STA;

STA operation: indicating the logical STA-specific operating parameters.

4. After the MLME of the initiator terminal receives the MLME-tdlssetupequest request primitive, it sends TDLS Setup Request frames to the responder terminal according to the address of tdlsresponsndeddress in the primitive, and the parameters included in TDLS Setup Request frames are shown in table 7.

TABLE 7

5. After receiving TDLS Setup Request frames, the MLME of the responder terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetup request. Indication primitive to the SME of the responder terminal, where the primitive includes:

tdlsinitiator address: an address of the initiator terminal;

TDLSSetupRequest: the same parameters as in step 3 are set.

6. After receiving the MLME-TDLSSETUPREST. Indication primitive, the SME of the responder terminal decides whether to accept the establishment of the tunnel direct link, if so, the parameter status code is set as SUCCESS; if refused, setting a parameter status code as REQUEST_DECLINED; transmitting an MLME-tdlssetup request primitive to the MLME of the responder terminal, the primitive including:

tdlsinitiator address: an address of the initiator terminal;

tdlssetuperpresponse: TDLS establishes response parameters, including parameters as shown in table 8, for example.

TABLE 8

An example of Link info settings is shown in table 9.

TABLE 9

7. After the MLME of the responder terminal receives the MLME-tdlssetuponstrequest primitive, it sends TDLS Setup Response frames to the initiator terminal, and the parameters included in TDLS Setup Response frames are shown in table 10.

Table 10

8. After receiving TDLS Setup Response frames, the MLME of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetup request/indication primitive to the SME of the initiator terminal, where the primitive includes:

tdlsresponsndaddress: an address of the responder terminal;

tdlssetuperpresponse: and the same as in step 6.

9. The SME of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetuponfirm request primitive to the MLME of the initiator terminal, the primitive including:

tdlsresponsndaddress: an address of the responder terminal;

tdlssetutpconfirmm: the TDLS establishes the confirmation parameters, and the setting examples are shown in table 11.

TABLE 11

The EHT operation parameters include one or more of the parameters shown in Table 12.

Table 12

10. After the MLME of the initiator terminal receives the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, it sends TDLS Setup Confirm frames to the responder terminal, and the parameters included in TDLS Setup Confirm frames are shown in table 13.

TABLE 13

11. After receiving TDLS Setup Confirm frames, the MLME of the responder terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetup confirm. Indication primitive to the SME of the responder terminal, where the primitive includes:

Tdlsinitiator address: an address of the initiator terminal;

tdlssetutpconfirmm: as in step 9.

12. After receiving the MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive, the SME of the responder terminal performs TDLS operation.

In some embodiments, the TDLSSetupRequest parameter, TDLSSetupResponse parameter, tdlssetuponsfirm parameter, TDLS Setup Request frame, TDLS Setup Response frame, and TDLS Setup Confirm frame include only the parameter EHT capabilities or the parameter EHT operation; the following are provided:

TDLSSetupRequest: TDLS setup request parameters, including parameters such as table 14.

TABLE 14

Tdlssetuperpresponse: the TDLS establishes response parameters including parameters such as table 15.

TABLE 15

Tdlssetutpconfirmm: the TDLS establishes the validation parameters, with an example set up as shown in table 16.

Table 16

The parameters included in TDLS Setup Request frames are shown in table 17.

TABLE 17

The parameters included in TDLS Setup Response frames are shown in table 18.

TABLE 18

The parameter included in TDLS Setup Confirm frame is shown in table 19.

TABLE 19

The parameters ML Elements are included in the parameters EHT capabilities or EHT operations, and there are the following possible ways:

1) Contained in the EHT capabilities parameters, the EHT capabilities parameter settings are shown in table 20, for example.

Table 20

2) The parameters included in the MAC capabilities included in the subparameter MAC capabilities of the EHT capabilities parameters are shown in table 21.

Table 21

3) The EHT operation parameter is included in an EHT operation parameter setting example such as table 22.

Table 22

In some embodiments, the setting manners of the parameters tdlsresponseraddress and tdlsinitiator address may be:

tdlsresponsndaddress: an address of the responder terminal; when set as the address of the multilink terminal, it means that the multilink connection is desired to be established with the responder terminal; when the address of the logic STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal is set, the logic STA hopes to establish a single-link connection with the logic STA appointed in the multi-link terminal;

tdlsinitiator address: an address of the initiator terminal; when the address of the multilink terminal is set, the establishment of multilink connection with the initiator terminal is accepted; when the address of the logical STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal is set, it means that the establishment of a single link connection with the logical STA designated in the multi-link terminal is accepted.

In some embodiments, the following steps may be further included before step 3:

step A1, the SME of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-tdlspot duration lpeerrsta request primitive to the MLME of the initiator terminal, the primitive including:

MACAddress: an address of a TDLS peer terminal requesting communication; the address may be set as an address of the multi-link terminal or an address of a logical STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal.

Step A2: after the MLME of the initiator terminal receives the MLME-tdlspots tenninlpeerrsta. Request primitive, the MLME-tdlspot tenninlpeerrsta. Confirm primitive is sent to the SME of the initiator terminal, where the primitive includes:

MACAddress: the MAC address of the peer terminal requested by the SME;

RSSI: signal value of peer terminal requested by SME.

If the MACAaddress received by the MLME is the address of the multi-link terminal, then a plurality of records of the addresses and signal values of all active logical STAs in the multi-link terminal are contained in the MLME-TDLSPOTENTIALPEERSTA. Confirm primitive, as shown in Table 23, for example.

Table 23

MACAddress	RSSI
		Address1	R1
Address2	R2
		Address3	R3

If the MLME receives that MACHADESE is the address of a logical STA affiliated with the multi-link terminal, only one record is contained in the MLME-TDLSPOTENTIALPEERSTA. Confirm primitive.

The SME of the initiator terminal requests information of the designated terminal to the MLME through the MLME-tdlspot duration request primitive, and then the MLME makes measurements or directly feeds back the existing measurement data. Alternatively, the SME may request information of a plurality of terminals or a plurality of logical STAs (i.e. may include addresses of a plurality of multi-link terminals or addresses of a plurality of logical STAs in a parameter MACAddress of the MLME-tdlspot lpeersta. Request primitive), and then make a decision, and select an appropriate terminal or logical STA from among them as a TDLS peer terminal or logical STA.

The embodiment of the application provides a terminal, which comprises a high-level management unit and a low-level management unit, wherein,

A high-level management unit, configured to send an MLME-tdlssetuprequest/request primitive to a low-level management unit after receiving the MLME-tdlssetuprequest/request primitive, where the MLME-tdlssetuprequest/request primitive includes parameters tdlssetuptoraddress and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS setup response parameters, and the TDLSSetupResponse parameters include parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2, where status code is used for indicating whether a responder terminal accepts establishment of a tunnel direct link, and EHT Capabilities2 is used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, the tdlssetup response parameter and TDLS Setup Response frame further include a parameter Link info, where the Link info is used to indicate the Link information of the establishment.

An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, where the terminal includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor, so as to implement a method for establishing a tunnel direct link related to the foregoing embodiment.

The embodiment of the application also provides a storage medium, wherein at least one program code is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to realize the method for establishing the tunnel direct link related to the embodiment.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence number of each process does not mean that the sequence of execution is sequential, and some or all of the steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially, where the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device or a terminal device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: u disk, removable hard disk, ROM, RAM) disk or optical disk, etc.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The character "/" herein generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

The word "if" or "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to detection", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected (stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to determination" or "when detected (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detection (stated condition or event), depending on the context.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of tunnel direct link establishment, comprising:

after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal sends TDLS Setup Confirm frames to the responder terminal, wherein the TDLS Setup Confirm frames comprise parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, the Link info comprises parameters TDLS initiator STA Address and TDLS responder STA Address, and at least one of parameters MLD ID and Link ID, the TDLS initiator STA Address is used for indicating the address of the initiator terminal, the TDLS responder STA Address is used for indicating the address of the responder terminal, the MLD ID is used for identifying the address or identification of the multi-Link device, and the Link ID is used for indicating the identification of the Link operated by the logical STA;

When the local parameter dot11multilink optioncompleted of the initiator terminal indicates that the initiator terminal supports the multilink operation capability or indicates that the initiator terminal supports the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, the TDLSSetupRequest parameter, TDLS Setup Request frame, TDLSSetupConfirm parameter and TDLS Setup Confirm frame further contain parameters ML Elements1, ML Elements1 is used for indicating the multilink parameters of the initiator terminal, ML Elements1 contains parameters MLD common info1 and STA info i, MLD common info1 is used for indicating the multilink common parameters of the initiator terminal, STA info i is used for indicating the proprietary parameters of a single logical STA in the initiator terminal, and n is determined by the number of logical STAs actually operated in the initiator terminal; the STA info i comprises parameters Link ID, STA Capability and STA operation, wherein the Link ID is used for indicating the identification of a Link operated by a logic STA, the STA Capability is used for indicating Capability parameters specific to the logic STA, and the STA operation is used for indicating operation parameters specific to the logic STA.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the EHT Capabilities1 comprises parameters MAC Capabilities and PHY Capabilities, and wherein the MAC Capabilities comprise one or more of the following parameters:

The Triggered P2P support is used for indicating whether point-to-point data transmission Triggered by the access equipment is supported or not;

multi link support for indicating whether multilink operation is supported;

multi AP support for indicating whether Multi-point co-operation is supported;

1024bit BA bitmap support for indicating whether a maximum of 1024bit bitmap block feedback is supported;

STR support for indicating whether simultaneous independent transmission and reception are supported;

the PHY Capability includes one or more of the following parameters:

the EHT MU with 4×LTF+0.8 [ MU ] s GI for indicating whether the EHU MU PPDU with 4×LTF and 0.8 [ MU ] s guard interval are supported for reception;

80MHz in 160/80+80 MHz EHT PPDU for indicating whether Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (OFDMA) is supported using 160MHz or 80mhz+80mhz resource units over 80MHz bandwidth;

80MHz in 320/160+160 MHz EHT PPDU for indicating whether OFDMA is supported using 320MHz or 160MHz +160MHz resource units over 80MHz bandwidth;

80MHz in 240/160+80 MHz EHT PPDU for indicating whether OFDMA is supported using 240MHz or 160MHz +80MHz resource units over 80MHz bandwidth.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the EHT Operation1 includes one or more of the following parameters:

Channel Width field for indicating the channel bandwidth of operation;

CCFS field for indicating a channel center band;

basic EHT-MCS and NSS set, which is used for indicating the modulation coding strategy supported by the EHT system corresponding to the number of each group of space streams in the EHT PPDU transceiving;

align start time of PPDU for indicating whether to start transmitting PPDUs simultaneously on different links;

align end time of PPDU for indicating whether to end transmitting PPDUs simultaneously on different links.

4. A method of tunnel direct link establishment according to claim 2, wherein said parameters ML Elements1 are contained in said EHT Capabilities 1.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein ML Elements1 are included in the MAC Capabilities of EHT Capabilities1 and ML Elements1 include Multi link support.

6. A method of tunnel direct link establishment according to claim 3, wherein said EHT Operation1 comprises said parameter ML Elements1.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein ML Elements1 comprises the Align start time of PPDU and Align end time of PPDU.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tdlssetup response parameter and TDLS Setup Response frame further include a parameter ML Elements2 when the local parameter dot11multilink options implemented of the responder terminal indicates that the responder terminal supports the multilink operation capability or indicates that the responder terminal supports the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, and the ML Elements2 are used to indicate the multilink parameters of the responder terminal.

9. A method of tunnel direct link establishment according to claim 1, wherein when said tdlsresponsndeddress is set to the address of a multilink terminal, indicating that a multilink connection is desired to be established with a responder terminal; when the tdlsresponsndaddress is set as an address of a logical STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal, it means that it is desirable to establish a single link connection with a logical STA specified in the responder terminal.

10. The method of tunnel direct link establishment according to claim 1, further comprising, before the higher layer management unit of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetup request primitive to the lower layer management unit:

The high-level management unit of the initiator terminal sends an MLME-TDLSPOTENTIALPEERSTA. Request primitive to the low-level management unit, wherein the MLME-TDLSPOTENTIALPEERSTA. Request primitive comprises a parameter MACHARESE which is used for indicating the address of the TDLS peer terminal requesting to communicate and can be set as the address of the multi-link terminal or the address of a logic STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal;

after receiving the MLME-tdlspot duration lpeersta request primitive, the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal sends the MLME-tdlspot duration lpeersta request primitive to the Gao Cengguan management unit, wherein the MLME-tdlspot duration lpeersta request primitive contains parameters of MACAddress and RSSI, and the RSSI is used for indicating a signal value of a terminal corresponding to an address of the MACAddress.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein if the mac address received by the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal is an address of the multi-link terminal, the address and signal values of all active logical STAs in the multi-link terminal are contained in the MLME-tdlspot data lpeerrsta. Confirm primitive; if the lower layer management unit of the initiator terminal receives that the MACAPAddress is an address of a logical STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal, the address and signal value of the logical STA are contained in the MLME-TDLSPOTENTIALPEERSTA. Confirm primitive.

12. A method of tunnel direct link establishment according to claim 1, characterized in that said Gao Cengguan management unit is a device management unit SME or an application management unit AME and said low layer management unit is a MAC layer management unit MLME or a physical layer management unit PLME.

13. A method of tunnel direct link establishment, comprising:

the lower layer management unit of the responder terminal sends an MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive to the Gao Cengguan management unit, wherein the MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive contains parameters tdlssetiaddress and tdlssetuponfirm, the tdlssetuponfirm parameter contains parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, the Link info contains parameters TDLS initiator STA Address and TDLS responder STA Address, and at least one of parameters MLD ID and Link ID, the TDLS initiator STA Address is used for indicating the address of the initiator terminal, the TDLS responder STA Address is used for indicating the address of the responder terminal, the MLD ID is used for identifying the address or identification of the multilink device, and the Link ID is used for indicating the identification of the Link operated by the logical STA;

When the local parameter dot11multilink operation implemented of the responder terminal indicates that the responder terminal supports the multilink operation capability or indicates that the responder terminal supports the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, the tdlssetup response parameter and TDLS Setup Response frame further include a parameter ML Elements2, where ML Elements2 is used to indicate the multilink parameter of the responder terminal, ML Elements2 includes a parameter MLD common info2 and STA info j, where MLD common info2 is used to indicate the multilink common parameter of the responder terminal, STA info j is used to indicate the exclusive parameter of a single logical STA in the responder terminal, and m is determined by the number of logical STAs actually running in the responder terminal; the STA info j comprises parameters Link ID, STA Capability and STA operation, wherein the Link ID is used for indicating the identification of a Link operated by a logic STA, the STA Capability is used for indicating the Capability parameter specific to the logic STA, and the STA operation is used for indicating the operation parameter specific to the logic STA.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the EHT Capabilities2 comprises parameters MAC Capabilities and PHY Capabilities, and wherein the MAC Capabilities comprise one or more of the following parameters:

multi link support for indicating whether multilink operation is supported;

multi AP support for indicating whether Multi-point co-operation is supported;

the PHY Capability includes one or more of the following parameters:

15. The method of claim 14, wherein said parameters ML Elements2 are included in said EHT Capabilities 2.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein ML Elements2 are included in the MAC Capabilities of EHT Capabilities2, and ML Elements2 include the Multi link support.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein when the local parameter dot11multilink options implemented of the initiator terminal indicates that the initiator terminal supports the multilink operation capability or indicates that the initiator terminal supports the multilink operation capability and starts the operation, parameters ML Elements1 are further included in the tdlssetup request parameter, TDLS Setup Request frame, tdlssetup confirm parameter and TDLS Setup Confirm frame, and ML Elements1 is used to indicate the multilink parameters of the initiator terminal.

18. The method according to claim 13, wherein when the tdlsnitor address is set to the address of the multi-link terminal, it indicates that the establishment of the multi-link connection with the initiator terminal is accepted; when the tdlsinitiator address is set as an address of a logical STA affiliated to the multi-link terminal, it means that the establishment of a single link connection with the logical STA designated in the initiator terminal is accepted.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the Gao Cengguan management unit is a device management unit SME or an application management unit AME, and the low-layer management unit is a MAC layer management unit MLME or a physical layer management unit PLME.

20. A terminal comprising a high-level management unit and a low-level management unit, characterized in that,

a high-level management unit, configured to send an MLME-tdlssetupquest request primitive to a low-level management unit if a local parameter dot11 ehtopperiod implemented of the initiator terminal indicates that the initiator terminal supports EHT system capability or indicates that the initiator terminal supports EHT system capability and is enabled, where the MLME-tdlssetupquest request primitive includes parameters tdlssetupaddress and TDLSSetupRequest, TDLSResponderAddress parameters for indicating an address of the responder terminal, and a tdlssetupquest parameter for indicating a TDLS establishment request parameter, where the tdlssetupquest parameter includes a parameter EHT Capabilities1, and where the EHT Capabilities1 is used for indicating an EHT system capability parameter of the initiator terminal;

a low-layer management unit, configured to send TDLS Setup Request frames to a responder terminal according to an address of tdlsresponsondinaddress in the received MLME-tdlssetuprequest request primitive, where the TDLS Setup Request frames include the parameter EHT Capabilities1; receiving TDLS Setup Response frames sent by a responder terminal, wherein the TDLS Setup Response frames comprise parameters status codes and EHT Capabilities2, the status codes are used for indicating whether the responder terminal accepts establishment of a tunnel direct link, and the EHT Capabilities2 are used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal; sending an MLME-TDLSSETUPRESONSE/indication primitive to a Gao Cengguan processing unit, wherein the MLME-TDLSSETUPRESONSE/indication primitive comprises parameters TDLSResponserAddress and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS to establish response parameters, and the TDLSSETUpResponse parameters comprise parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, the TDLS Setup Response frame and the TDLSSetupResponse parameters also comprise parameters Link info, wherein the Link info is used for indicating the established Link information;

The Gao Cengguan processing unit is further configured to send an MLME-tdlssetup procedure request primitive to the low-level management unit when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts establishment of a tunnel direct Link, where the MLME-tdlssetup procedure request primitive includes parameters tdlsresponseraddress and TDLSSetupConfirm, TDLSSetupConfirm for indicating TDLS establishment acknowledgment parameters, and the tdlssetup procedure parameters include parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the EHT Operation1 is for indicating EHT system Operation parameters of the initiator terminal;

the low-layer management unit is further configured to send TDLS Setup Confirm frames to the responder terminal after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, where the TDLS Setup Confirm frames include parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the Link info includes parameters TDLS initiator STA Address and TDLS responder STA Address, and at least one of parameters MLD ID and Link ID, where the TDLS initiator STA Address is used to indicate an address of the initiator terminal, the TDLS responder STA Address is used to indicate an address of the responder terminal, the MLD ID is used to identify an address or an identification of the multi-Link device, and the Link ID is used to indicate an identification of a Link operated by the logical STA;

21. A terminal comprising a high-level management unit and a low-level management unit, characterized in that,

A low-layer management unit, configured to send an MLME-TDLSSetupRequest. Indication primitive to a Gao Cengguan management unit after receiving a TDLS Setup Request frame sent by an initiator terminal, where the MLME-TDLSSetupRequest. Indication primitive includes parameters tdlsinitiatoddress and TDLSSetupRequest, TDLSInitiatorAddress for indicating an address of the initiator terminal, a TDLSSetupRequest parameter for indicating a TDLS establishment request parameter, and the TDLSSetupRequest parameter includes a parameter EHT Capabilities1, and the EHT Capabilities1 is for indicating an EHT system capability parameter of the initiator terminal; after receiving the MLME-tdlssetup request primitive, sending TDLS Setup Response frames to the initiator terminal, where the TDLS Setup Response frames include the parameter status code and EHT Capabilities2; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, TDLS Setup Confirm frames sent by the initiator terminal are received, wherein the TDLS Setup Confirm frames comprise parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, and the EHT Operation1 is used for indicating the EHT system Operation parameters of the sender terminal; sending an MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive to a Gao Cengguan processing unit, wherein the MLME-tdlssetuponfirm. Indication primitive contains parameters tdlssettoraddress and tdlssetpconfirm, the tdlssetpconfirm parameters contain parameters EHT Operation1 and Link info, the Link info contains parameters TDLS initiator STA Address and TDLS responder STA Address and at least one of parameters MLD ID and Link ID, the TDLS initiator STA Address is used for indicating an address of an initiator terminal, the TDLS responder STA Address is used for indicating an address of a responder terminal, the MLD is used for identifying an address or an identification of a multilink device, and the Link ID is used for indicating an identification of a Link on which the logic STA operates;

A high-level management unit, configured to send an MLME-tdlssetuponse.request primitive to a low-level management unit if a local parameter dot11 ehtopperiod implemented of the responder terminal indicates that the responder terminal supports EHT system capability or indicates that the responder terminal supports EHT system capability and is enabled, after receiving the MLME-tdlssetuprequest.indication primitive, where the MLME-tdlssetuponse.request primitive includes parameters tdlssetuponse address and TDLSSetupResponse, TDLSSetupResponse parameters for indicating TDLS to establish a response parameter, and the TDLSSetupResponse parameter includes parameters status code and EHT Capabilities2, where the status code is used for indicating whether the responder terminal accepts establishment of a direct tunnel link, and the EHT Capabilities2 is used for indicating EHT system capability parameters of the responder terminal; when the status code indicates that the responder terminal accepts the establishment of the tunnel direct Link, the TDLSSetupResponse parameter and TDLS Setup Response frame also contain a parameter Link info, wherein the Link info is used for indicating the established Link information;

22. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory has stored therein at least one program code that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method of tunnel direct link establishment of any of claims 1-19.

23. A storage medium having stored therein at least one program code, the at least one program code being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method of tunnel direct link establishment of any one of claims 1-19.