CN112906109B - Layered pouring design method for rapidly filling deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete - Google Patents
Layered pouring design method for rapidly filling deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a layered pouring design method for quickly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete, wherein the deep cushion layer comprises a plurality of supports stacked in a deep foundation pit, each layer of support correspondingly divides the deep foundation pit into a plurality of layered pouring spaces for quickly filling the foam concrete, and the foam concrete is combined with each layer of support to form the deep cushion layer; and determining the layered casting thickness according to the thickness of the deep cushion layer and the upper load. According to the construction method, by combining the construction characteristics of the deep cushion layer and comparing the influence of single pouring and layered pouring on the overall strength and stability of the foam concrete, a complete technology for preparing the deep cushion layer by using the foam concrete is developed, and a new solution is provided for filling with larger thickness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foam concrete, in particular to a layered pouring design method for quickly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete.
Background
The concrete is used as a building engineering material with the largest use amount and is widely applied to the industries of building engineering, road traffic and the like. The traditional concrete has high strength and good durability, but has larger volume weight, and can cause more serious foundation settlement and uneven settlement when applied to foundation replacement engineering. Therefore, the foamed lightweight concrete is produced in order to solve the problems of uneven settlement of the foundation, settlement damage of the roadbed auxiliary building and the like in civil engineering, reduce maintenance cost and the like. The foamed concrete is also called foamed concrete and foamed cement, and is a concrete with certain strength and more micro closed pores, which is prepared by introducing air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or oxygen into concrete slurry, foaming by a physical method or a chemical method, and curing and forming. Compared with the traditional concrete, the foam concrete has the advantages of light weight, fire resistance, heat preservation and insulation, sound absorption and insulation and good environmental protection, so that the foam concrete has attracted the attention of many enterprises and material workers and becomes one of the hot spots of the current research.
At present, foam concrete is used as a cushion layer material in a starting stage, and is only used in a foundation with smaller thickness at present. Because the foam concrete has uneven bubbles, bubble collapse, poor volume weight of raw materials and the like, the problems of layering, low strength of upper-layer foam concrete, mold collapse and the like easily occur in a foam concrete cushion layer with larger thickness.
Based on the situation, the invention provides a layered pouring design method for quickly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete, and the foundation pit with the deeper thickness is subjected to layered pouring, so that the strength of the foam concrete poured in a single layer meets the requirement, and the problems can be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a layered pouring design method for quickly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a layered pouring design method for quickly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete, wherein the deep cushion layer comprises a plurality of supports stacked in a deep foundation pit, each layer of support correspondingly divides the deep foundation pit into a plurality of layered pouring spaces for quickly filling the foam concrete, and the foam concrete is combined with each layer of support to form the deep cushion layer; and determining the layered casting thickness according to the thickness of the deep cushion layer and the upper load.
Preferably, each layer of support comprises a foam board matched with the deep foundation pit and support steel pipes fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the four corners and the bottom of the center of the foam board, and the length of each support steel pipe is the same as the thickness of the foam concrete poured in layers.
The steel pipe strengthens the overall strength of the structure and is equivalent to a framework. The structural strength of the concrete is enhanced. The foam board is adopted because the material is light, and the strength of the material of the foam board is high, so that the requirement of supporting heavy objects can be met. In addition, the joints of the foam support steel pipes are reinforced by fasteners.
Preferably, the single-layer pouring thickness of the foundation pit can be determined by the following formula:
in the formula, epsilon is strain, delta is deformation amount and is in mm, and H is height of single-layer pouring and is in mm.
Preferably, the amount of delta distortion in said formula is determined by the following formula:
the deformation quantity is composed of two parts, namely deformation caused by creep and collapse generated in the concrete pouring and curing process, and deformation caused by elastic deformation of later-stage concrete;
wherein a, b, lambda and eta are determined by the following method:
s1, volume weight design of foam concrete:
(1) Calculating the total volume of the mixed dry materials
(2) Calculating the total volume of water required
(3) Calculate the total volume of foam required V3= A (1-V1-V2)
(4) Calculating the volume weight gamma = (m) of the foam concrete c +m w +m f +m p )·g
Wherein V1 is the total volume (m) of the dry mixture 3 )；m c Is cement quality, rho c Is the cement density; m is f Is the mass of fly ash, rho f Is the fly ash density; v2 is the volume of water (m) 3 )，m w Is the mass of water, p w Is the water density; v3 is the foam volume (m) 3 ) (ii) a A is an expansion coefficient, and is selected according to volume weight requirements, and the value of A is usually between 1 and 2; m is p Is the foam mass; gamma is the volume weight of the foam concrete;
s2, safe pouring height of the foam concrete:
(1) Calculate the strength of the 28 day concrete slurry material:
in the formula, p 1 Is the strength of 28-day foam concrete, p 0 Is the strength of the foam concrete slurry for 3 days,
the foam concrete strength accounts for the percentage of the actual strength of the concrete in 28 days after 3 days;
(2) Determining the pouring safety height:
γh+kp≤p 1
k is a safety coefficient, the value is 1.1-1.2, and p is a design load;
transforming the above formula to obtain:
in the formula, h is the limit height of single-layer pouring of the foam concrete, and gamma is the volume weight of the foam concrete;
creep and collapse of foam concrete can occur in the process of pouring, forming and maintaining; therefore, a creep coefficient a is introduced, and it is known that the deformation of the foam concrete is smaller and smaller along with the increase of time, and when the time is long enough, the deformation amount is 0, so that a functional relation is established:
in the formula, epsilon 1 The strain caused by creep and collapse is represented by t, a is a creep coefficient and reflects the final deformation of the creep, and b is a parameter and reflects the speed of the creep;
calculating the strain affected by creep and collapse, multiplied by an empirical factor; according to numerical fitting, a formula is obtained:
wherein lambda is the basic deformation expansion coefficient, rho gh is the load caused by the self-weight, E is the elastic modulus of the foam concrete meeting the standard,
calculating the collapse height caused by self weight, wherein rho is the density of the foam concrete, and eta is a correction parameter and is related to the foaming effect of the foam concrete;
calculating a deformation quantity delta, wherein the deformation quantity is mainly influenced by strain caused by creep and collapse and strain generated by elastic deformation, substituting various parameters, and integrating the formula on the value from 0 to H to obtain:
preferably, the single-layer strain meets the requirements of the existing specifications and actual construction, the strain epsilon of each layer is less than or equal to 1/16 of the overall height during layered casting, and the deformation generated in general is more than or equal to 1/20 of the overall structure.
Preferably, the solid raw materials of each weight part of the foam concrete are weighed by screening, part of particles with overlarge particle diameter are removed, and the median particle diameter difference of the solid raw materials is controlled within 10 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The support is used as a support clapboard for foam concrete layered pouring, the thickness of each poured foam concrete pouring layer is limited, and the foam concrete pouring layers are prevented from being extruded up and down to generate settlement and collapse.
(2) According to the construction method, by combining the construction characteristics of the deep cushion layer and comparing the influence of single pouring and layered pouring on the overall strength and stability of the foam concrete, a complete technology for preparing the deep cushion layer by using the foam concrete is developed, and a new solution is provided for filling with larger thickness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a foam scaffold;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the foam holder.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the specific examples, but it should be understood that the description is only for the purpose of further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention and is not intended to limit the patent claims of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to the attached drawings 1 and 2, the invention provides a layered pouring design method for quickly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete, wherein the deep cushion layer comprises a plurality of supports stacked in a deep foundation pit, each layer of support correspondingly divides the deep foundation pit into a plurality of layered pouring spaces for quickly filling the foam concrete, and the foam concrete is combined with each layer of support to form the deep cushion layer; and determining the layered casting thickness according to the thickness of the deep cushion layer and the upper load. After the layered pouring thickness is determined, the foam concrete is uniformly conveyed into the foundation pit by using a pumping pipeline, after one layer of pouring is finished, the support is laid above the foam concrete, the pumping pipeline is continuously used for conveying two kinds of slurry into the foundation pit of the previous layer, the support is continuously laid, the operations are repeated subsequently, and after the top layer of pouring is finished, the template is used for sealing the top.
Preferably, each layer of support comprises a foam board matched with the deep foundation pit and support steel pipes fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the four corners and the bottom of the center of the foam board, and the length of each support steel pipe is the same as the thickness of the foam concrete poured in layers.
The present invention is specifically described in the following examples. The objective of this embodiment is to use the method for designing a deep cushion layer by means of layered pouring, wherein the required thickness of the deep cushion layer is about 2m, and after the cushion layer is filled, the requirement for the basic load of the upper part is satisfied, which is about 5000kN/m 2 (ii) a Wherein, the traditional foam concrete formula with the foaming agent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is adopted as the filling concrete of the embodiment.
Further, the embodiment designs the layered casting thickness according to the cushion layer thickness and the upper load, and comprises the following steps:
step one, volume weight design of foam concrete:
(1) Calculating the total volume of the mixed dry materials
(2) Calculating the total volume of water required
(3) Calculate the total volume of foam required V3= A (1-V1-V2)
(4) Calculating the volume weight gamma = (m) of the foam concrete c +m w +m f +m p )·g
In the above formula, V1 is the total volume (m) of the dry mixture 3 )；m c Is cement quality, p c The cement density is 3000kg/m 3 ；m f Is the mass of fly ash, rho f The density of the fly ash is 2000kg/m 3 (ii) a V2 is the volume of water (m) 3 )，m w Is the mass of water, ρ w The water density is 1000kg/m 3 (ii) a V3 is the foam volume (m) 3 ) (ii) a A is an expansion coefficient, and is a value according to volume-weight requirements, and the value of A is usually between 1 and 2; m is p Is the foam mass; gamma is the volume weight of the foam concrete.
Step two, safely pouring the foam concrete to a high degree:
(1) Calculate the strength of the 28 day concrete slurry material:
in the formula, p 1 Is the strength, p, of a 28-day foam concrete 0 The strength of the foam concrete slurry in 3 days is obtained, eta is the percentage of the foam concrete strength in 3 days to the actual strength of the concrete in 28 days, and the value is 0.3-0.4;
(2) Determining the pouring safety height:
Υh+kp≤p 1
k is a safety coefficient, the value is 1.1-1.2, and p is a design load;
transforming the above formula to obtain:
in the formula, h is the limit height of single-layer pouring of the foam concrete, and gamma is the volume weight of the foam concrete;
step three, calculating the deformation amount of the foam concrete in the construction period, and determining the appropriate pouring height H:
creep and collapse of foam concrete can occur in the process of pouring, forming and maintaining; therefore, the creep coefficient a is introduced, and it is known that the deformation of the foam concrete is smaller and smaller with the time, and the deformation amount is 0 when the time is long enough, so that a functional relation is established,
in the formula, epsilon 1 The strain caused by creep and collapse is represented by t as time, a is a creep coefficient reflecting the final deformation amount of the creep, b is a parameter reflecting the speed of the creep, and the strain is calculated according to fitting of experimental data, wherein a =0.102, b =2.919:
calculating the strain affected by creep and collapse, multiplied by an empirical factor; according to numerical fitting, obtaining a formula:
calculating a deformation quantity delta, wherein the deformation quantity is mainly influenced by strain caused by creep and collapse and strain generated by elastic deformation, substituting various parameters, and integrating the formula on the value from 0 to H to obtain:
in the formula, lambda is the basic deformation expansion coefficient, lambda is 212, E is the elastic modulus of the foam concrete meeting the standard, rho is the density of the foam concrete, eta is a correction parameter, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is selected as a foaming agent, so eta is 0.116, rho is 9.8kg/m 2 ，
According to the existing specification and the actual construction requirement, when pouring in layers, the strain epsilon of each layer is more than or equal to 1/20 and less than or equal to 1/16;
therefore, H is more than or equal to 500mm and less than or equal to 625mm.
Therefore, in the actual construction process, the single-layer pouring thickness is guaranteed to be larger than 500mm and smaller than 625mm.
Furthermore, considering the thickness actually occupied by the foam board and the supporting function of the supporting steel pipe, the single-layer casting thickness is preferably 600mm, and three layers of casting are preferably performed in sequence from bottom to top; each layer of the foam plate is about 60mm, the supporting steel pipe is a 304 stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 50mm, the inner diameter of 46mm and the compressive strength of 20Gpa, and the foam plate mainly plays a role in constructing an integral frame; covering the concrete with straw mat, reed mat, gunny bag, sawdust, wet soil and wet sand material within 3-12 hours after the foam concrete is poured, watering every 12 hours to keep moist, keeping for 7-14 days, and curing and forming. The performance test shows that after the concrete is poured in layers, the collapse degree of each layer of concrete is small, the concrete does not have obvious settlement in 14 days, the stress of each layer is stable, the phenomena of layering and collapse do not occur in a long time, and the overall strength and the stability are high.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that foam concrete is poured in a single time in a deep foundation pit, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1. The performance test shows that the steel plate has obvious settlement in 14 days, the upper portion has serious settlement, the bearing capacity of the lower layer is increased, the phenomena of layering and collapse occur in a short time, once the upper load is increased, the structure is locally and greatly damaged, the whole structure also has a destabilization state, and the whole strength and the stability are low.
According to the description and the drawings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily implement the positive effects described in the present invention by using the layered casting design method for rapidly filling a deep cushion layer with foam concrete.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A layered pouring design method for rapidly filling a deep cushion layer by utilizing foam concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: the deep foundation pit is divided into a plurality of layered pouring spaces for rapidly filling foam concrete by the supports at each layer, and the foam concrete is combined with the supports at each layer to form the deep foundation pit; determining the layered pouring thickness according to the thickness of the deep cushion layer and the upper load;
the single-layer pouring thickness of the foundation pit can be determined by the following formula:
in the formula, epsilon is single-layer strain, delta is single-layer deformation and is in mm, and H is single-layer casting height and is in mm;
the amount of delta distortion in said formula is determined by the following formula:
the deformation quantity is composed of two parts, namely deformation caused by creep and collapse generated in the concrete pouring and curing process, and deformation caused by elastic deformation of later-stage concrete;
wherein a, b, lambda and eta are determined by the following method:
s1, volume weight design of foam concrete:
(1) Calculating the total volume of the mixed dry materials
(2) Calculating the total volume of water required
(3) Calculate the total volume of foam required V3= A (1-V1-V2)
(4) Calculating the volume weight gamma = (m) of the foam concrete c +m w +m f +m p )·g
Wherein V1 is the total volume (m) of the dry mixture 3 )；m c Is cement quality, rho c Is the cement density; m is f Is the mass of fly ash, rho f Is the density of the fly ash; v2 is the volume of water (m) 3 )，m w Is the mass of water, p w Is the water density; v3 is the foam volume (m) 3 ) (ii) a A is an expansion coefficient, and is a value according to volume-weight requirements, and the value of A is usually between 1 and 2; m is p Is the foam mass; gamma is the volume weight of the foam concrete;
s2, safe pouring height of the foam concrete:
(1) Calculate the strength of the 28 day concrete slurry material:
in the formula, p 1 Is the strength, p, of a 28-day foam concrete 0 Is the strength of the foam concrete slurry for 3 days,
the foam concrete strength accounts for the percentage of the actual strength of the concrete in 28 days in 3 days;
(2) Determining the pouring safety height:
γh+kp≤p 1
k is a safety coefficient, the value is 1.1-1.2, and p is a design load;
transforming the above formula to obtain:
in the formula, h is the limit height of single-layer pouring of the foam concrete, and gamma is the volume weight of the foam concrete;
creep and collapse of the foam concrete can occur in the processes of pouring molding and maintenance; therefore, a creep coefficient a is introduced, and it is known that the deformation of the foam concrete is smaller and smaller along with the increase of time, and when the time is long enough, the deformation amount is 0, so that a functional relation is established:
in the formula, epsilon 1 The strain caused by creep and collapse is represented by t, a is a creep coefficient which reflects the final deformation of the creep, and b is a parameter which reflects the creep speed;
calculating the strain affected by creep and collapse, multiplied by empirical coefficients; according to numerical fitting, obtaining a formula:
wherein lambda is the basic deformation expansion coefficient, rho gh is the load caused by the self-weight, E is the elastic modulus of the foam concrete meeting the standard,
calculating the collapse height caused by self weight, wherein rho is the density of the foam concrete, and eta is a correction parameter and is related to the foaming effect of the foam concrete;
and (3) calculating a deformation quantity delta, wherein the deformation quantity is mainly influenced by strain caused by creep and collapse and strain generated by elastic deformation, substituting various parameters, and integrating the formula on the points from 0 to H to obtain the following formula:
2. the layered casting design method for rapidly filling the deep cushion layer by using the foam concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the single-layer support comprises a foam board matched with the deep foundation pit and supporting steel pipes fixedly arranged at the bottoms of four corners and the bottom of the center of the foam board, and the length of each supporting steel pipe is the same as the thickness of foam concrete poured in layers.
3. The layered casting design method for rapidly filling the deep cushion layer by using the foam concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the single-layer strain meets the requirements of the existing specification and actual construction, the strain epsilon of each layer is less than or equal to 1/16 of the whole height when the single-layer strain is poured in a layered mode, and the deformation generated in general conditions is more than or equal to 1/20 of the whole structure.
4. The layered casting design method for rapidly filling the deep cushion layer by using the foam concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: screening and weighing the solid raw materials of the foam concrete in parts by weight, removing part of particles with overlarge particle sizes, and controlling the median particle size difference of the solid raw materials within 10%.
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| CN111576231A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 广西交科集团有限公司 | Optimization design method for layered pouring concrete beam of upper bracket of soft foundation |
| CN112111997A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-22 | 张建华 | Foam concrete railway roadbed structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN103195259B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-04-22 | 上海交通大学 | Method for reinforcing concrete structure by foam concrete prefabricated slab |
| CN107805987A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-03-16 | 中交第公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | The hassock layer Foam lightweight soil road structure and construction method in deep soft foundation section |
| CN107882578B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-19 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of reinforced concrete lined tunnel single stope dual stage vehicle lining cutting continuous placing technology |
| CN108103871B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-06-16 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Construction method of roadbed foam concrete filling technology adjacent to existing subway facility |
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| CN112111997A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-22 | 张建华 | Foam concrete railway roadbed structure and construction method thereof |
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