CN112904579A - Compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system - Google Patents
Compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system which comprises a laser collimating and emitting end cap, a sampling and monitoring end cap, a special-shaped mirror, an imaging reflector, an imaging lens, an imaging device, a concave lens and a convex lens. The special-shaped mirror at least comprises a first side face for incidence of main laser, a second side face for emergence of the main laser and incidence of target reflection or scattering light, a third side face for emergence of the target reflection or scattering light for imaging and a fourth side face for monitoring light emergence. The special-shaped lens is introduced into the traditional optical fiber collimation system, so that multiple functions of laser beam expanding collimation emission, target imaging, emitted laser performance monitoring and the like can be realized simultaneously, and the special-shaped lens has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in use and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber laser devices, in particular to a compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system.
Background
Expanded beam collimation is widely used in various applications of fiber lasers for compressing the large divergence angle beam output by the fiber and collimating the emission.
However, the existing beam expanding and collimating system has a single function, and if multiple functions such as laser beam expanding and collimating, target imaging and laser performance monitoring are to be realized at the same time, more light splitting optical paths are often to be arranged, so that a large number of optical devices are involved, the system is complex, large in size, poor in portability and inconvenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system which can simultaneously realize laser beam expanding emission, emitted laser beam splitting and sampling and target imaging.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system comprises a laser collimating and emitting end cap, a sampling and monitoring end cap, a special-shaped mirror, an imaging reflector, an imaging lens, an imaging device, a concave lens and a convex lens.
The special-shaped mirror at least comprises a first side surface for incidence of main laser, a second side surface for emergence of the main laser and incidence of target reflection or scattering light, a third side surface for emergence of the target reflection or scattering light for imaging and a fourth side surface for emergence of monitoring light;
after being collimated and output by the laser collimation emission end cap, the main laser is incident to the first side surface of the special-shaped mirror, and most of the main laser is transmitted out by the second side surface of the special-shaped mirror and emitted to a space target after being expanded by a Galileo telescope consisting of a concave lens and a convex lens; and a small part of main laser as monitoring light is reflected to the fourth side surface of the special-shaped mirror through the second side surface of the special-shaped mirror and enters the sampling monitoring end cap through the output coupling of the fourth side surface, and the sampling monitoring end cap is externally connected with a laser monitoring system to realize laser monitoring. The target reflection or scattering light from the target is taken as imaging light, enters the second side face of the special-shaped mirror after sequentially passing through the convex lens and the concave lens, is reflected at the first side face of the special-shaped mirror and is reflected to the third side face of the special-shaped mirror, is output to the imaging reflector through the third side face, enters the imaging lens of the imaging device, and is imaged through the imaging device.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the laser collimation emission end cap, the sampling monitoring end cap, the special-shaped mirror, the imaging reflector, the imaging lens, the concave lens and the convex lens are all fixedly arranged in the lens barrel. The lens cone can be made of metal materials such as stainless steel and alloy aluminum, and is used for realizing the installation and fixation of the optical components.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main laser light is from a fiber laser, and the output fiber of the fiber laser is fused with the laser alignment emission end cap fiber. The laser collimation emission end cap can adopt a commercial optical fiber end cap with a spherical laser emitting surface, the optical fiber model of the laser collimation emission end cap is matched with the output optical fiber model of a used optical fiber laser, the laser emitting surface of the laser collimation emission end cap is spherical, and a main laser wavelength antireflection film is plated, so that main laser can be collimated, the laser power condition can be resisted, and the size of an output laser beam is determined according to the actual output power and the development scheme of a multifunctional collimator.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the sampling monitoring end cap can adopt a commercial optical fiber end cap with a spherical laser incidence end face, the optical fiber of the sampling monitoring end cap can adopt a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber, the size of the laser incidence end face of the sampling monitoring end cap is matched with that of the monitoring light, and the laser incidence end face of the sampling monitoring end cap is plated with a monitoring light wavelength antireflection film.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, a commercially available mirror can be used as the imaging mirror, and the substrate material thereof is not limited. The reflecting surface of the imaging reflector is plated with an imaging light wavelength high-reflection film, the size of the mirror surface of the imaging reflector is larger than the size of an imaging light beam, and the optical axis of imaging reflected light is ensured to be parallel to the optical axis of the main laser during installation.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the imaging lens can adopt a commercial imaging lens, the imaging wavelength/waveband is high in transmittance, the imaging quality and the caliber size can be determined according to the practical application condition, and the installation position of the imaging lens needs to ensure that an imaging light focal plane is positioned on the imaging surface of the imaging device.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the imaging device can adopt a commercial optical fiber image transmission beam or a CCD device, the performance index of the imaging device can be determined according to the practical application condition, and the optical fiber image transmission beam can obtain more compact volume but lose imaging light energy and imaging resolution.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the concave lens and the convex lens can be single lenses or lens groups with the same function, and can be realized by commercial lenses, the substrate material of the lens has high transmittance at the main laser wavelength and the imaging optical wavelength/wavelength band, and the antireflection film of the main laser wavelength and the imaging optical wavelength/wavelength band is plated on the surface of the device. The device can resist the highest output power of the acceptor laser, and the quality of the emitted laser or the imaging beam can be designed according to actual requirements.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the laser monitoring system is a spectrometer, a power meter, or an extinction ratio tester, etc., the spectrometer implements spectrum monitoring, the power meter implements power monitoring, and the extinction ratio tester implements laser polarization state monitoring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the special-shaped lens is introduced into the traditional optical fiber collimation system, so that multiple functions of laser beam expanding collimation emission, target imaging, emitted laser performance monitoring and the like can be realized simultaneously, and the special-shaped lens has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in use and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic central cross-sectional view of a shaped mirror employed in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaped mirror employed in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaped mirror employed in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between optical axes in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection or wireless communication connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the compact fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a laser collimating and emitting end cap 1, a sampling and monitoring end cap 5, a special-shaped mirror 2, an imaging mirror 6, an imaging lens 7, an imaging device 8, a concave lens 3, a convex lens 4, and a lens barrel 9. The laser collimation emission end cap 1, the sampling monitoring end cap 5, the special-shaped mirror 2, the imaging reflector 6, the imaging lens 7, the imaging device 8, the concave lens 3 and the convex lens 4 are all fixedly arranged in the lens barrel 9. The lens barrel 9 can be made of metal materials such as stainless steel and aluminum alloy, and the lens barrel 9 is used for mounting and fixing the optical components.
The shaped mirror 2 has at least a first side 201 for the incidence of main laser light, a second side 202 for the emission of main laser light and the incidence of reflected or scattered light of the object, a third side 204 for the emission of reflected or scattered light of the object for imaging and a fourth side 203 for the emission of monitoring light.
The main laser comes from the fiber laser, and the output fiber of the fiber laser is fused with the fiber of the laser collimation emission end cap. After being collimated and output by the laser collimation emission end cap 1, main laser enters the first side face 201 of the special-shaped mirror 2, most of the main laser is transmitted out through the second side face 202 of the special-shaped mirror 2 and emitted to a space target after being expanded through a Galileo telescope consisting of the concave lens 3 and the convex lens 4, a small part of the main laser as monitoring light is reflected to the fourth side face 203 of the special-shaped mirror 2 through the second side face 202 of the special-shaped mirror 2 and enters the sampling monitoring end cap 5 through the output coupling of the fourth side face 203, and the sampling monitoring end cap 5 is externally connected with a laser monitoring system to realize laser monitoring. Imaging light (namely target reflection or scattering light) from a target sequentially passes through the convex lens 4 and the concave lens 3 and then enters the second side surface 202 of the special-shaped mirror 2, is reflected at the first side surface 201 of the special-shaped mirror 2 and is reflected to the third side surface 204 of the special-shaped mirror 2, is output to the imaging reflector 6 through the third side surface 204, enters the imaging lens 7 of the imaging device 8, and is imaged through the imaging device 8.
The special-shaped mirror 2 can be made of glass or crystal materials, has small absorption coefficient and expansion coefficient for transmitting main laser wavelength, and can resist high power. The central cross section of the special-shaped mirror in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, the special-shaped mirror 2 has a first side surface 201 and a second side surface 202 which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other in the length direction, and the distance between the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202 is h. The first side 201 is at an angle α to the vertical plane. The fourth side 203 is adjacent to the first side 201, an included angle between the fourth side 203 and the first side 201 is C, and an included angle between the fourth side 203 and a vertical plane is α + C. The following relationship exists between the included angles α and C:
where n is the refractive index of the shaped mirror material at the wavelength of the main laser.
Imaging light from a target, i.e. target reflection or scattering light, is incident on the second side 202 of the shaped mirror 2 and is reflected at the first side 201 of the shaped mirror 2 and is reflected to the third side 204 of the shaped mirror 2, and according to the principle of light reflection, the third side 204 can be determined by determining the first side 201.
The special-shaped mirror adopted in one embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 3, and the overall appearance of the special-shaped mirror 2 is approximately a cuboid. The third side 204 is disposed on a side of the special-shaped mirror 2 in the width direction, and the third side is perpendicular to the side of the special-shaped mirror.
The shaped mirror used in one embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4, and the overall shape of the shaped mirror 2 is approximately a cylinder. The third side 204 is arranged at the middle part of the lens body of the special-shaped lens 2, and the third side 204 is perpendicular to the lens body.
The first side surface 201 is a main laser incident surface, and the first side surface 201 is polished and simultaneously plated with a main laser wavelength antireflection film and an imaging light wavelength/waveband high reflection film.
The second side 202 is used for main laser emission and target reflection or scattering light incidence, and the second side 202 is polished and simultaneously plated with a main laser light splitting film and an imaging light antireflection film. The light splitting proportion of the main laser light splitting film is determined according to the main laser power and the required sampling monitoring light power, and the reflectivity of the main laser light splitting film is generally less than 0.1%.
The fourth side 203 is a monitoring light emitting surface and is used for monitoring light emission, and the fourth side 203 is polished and plated with a monitoring light wavelength antireflection film.
The third side 204 is an imaging light emitting surface for emitting the reflected or scattered light of the imaged target, the third side 204 is polished and coated with an imaging light wavelength/waveband antireflection film, and the position and size of the third side need to ensure that the imaging light can be completely output to the imaging reflector 6 without affecting the transmission of the emitted main laser. The other side surfaces of the special-shaped mirror can be polished and also can be roughened.
The main laser incident optical axis and the light spots are all positioned in the main laser incident plane of the special-shaped mirror, the main laser incident optical axis is perpendicular to the vertical plane, the included angle between the main laser incident optical axis and the first side surface 201 (namely the main laser incident plane) is 90-alpha, and the monitoring light is all output from the fourth side surface 203, namely the monitoring light emergent plane.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the optical axes in an embodiment, where the main laser incident optical axis a is parallel to the main laser emitting optical axis b before the main laser enters the special-shaped mirror, and the distance between the main laser incident optical axis a and the main laser emitting optical axis b is L. The main laser incident optical axis a is parallel to the monitoring optical axis c, and the distance between the main laser incident optical axis a and the monitoring optical axis c is M.
After main laser passed through the special-shaped mirror, the optical axis can take place the translation to formation of image light emergent face direction, and the translation distance is main laser incident optical axis a and the interval L between main laser outgoing optical axis b promptly, is confirmed by the following formula:
the distance M between the main laser incident optical axis a and the monitor optical axis c can be determined approximately by the following equation:
α, h, C and L can be determined according to the following steps: firstly, determining the distance M between the optical axis of the main laser and the optical axis of the monitoring light according to the conditions of the spot size of the required main laser, the size of the collimation emission end cap, the size of the sampling monitoring end cap and the like, then determining the values of alpha and h according to the formula (3), wherein the value of alpha is less than 10 degrees as much as possible, and then further determining the values of C and L according to the values of alpha and h.
In an embodiment of the invention, the laser collimation emission end cap 1 is a commercial optical fiber end cap with a spherical laser emitting surface, the optical fiber model of the laser collimation emission end cap 1 is matched with the output optical fiber model of a used optical fiber laser, the laser emitting surface of the laser collimation emission end cap 1 is spherical, and a main laser wavelength antireflection film is plated, so that main laser can be collimated, and the laser power condition and the output laser beam size can be determined according to the actual output power and the development scheme of a multifunctional collimator.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sampling monitoring end cap 5 may adopt a commercial optical fiber end cap with a spherical laser incident end face, the sampling monitoring end cap optical fiber 5 may adopt a single mode optical fiber or a multimode optical fiber, the size of the laser incident end face of the sampling monitoring end cap 5 matches the size of the monitoring light, and the laser incident end face of the sampling monitoring end cap 5 is plated with a monitoring light wavelength antireflection film.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the imaging mirror 6 is a commercially available mirror, and the substrate material thereof is not limited. The reflecting surface of the imaging reflector 6 is plated with an imaging light wavelength/waveband high-reflection film, the mirror surface size of the imaging reflector is larger than the size of an imaging light beam, and the optical axis of imaging reflected light is ensured to be parallel to the optical axis of the main laser during installation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the imaging lens 7 is a commercial imaging lens, which has high transmittance at the wavelength/band of the imaging light, and the imaging quality and the aperture size of the imaging lens 7 can be determined according to the practical application, and the installation position of the imaging lens 7 should ensure that the imaging optical focal plane is located on the imaging surface of the imaging device 8.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the imaging device 8 uses a commercial optical fiber image transmission bundle or a CCD device, and the performance index of the imaging device can be determined according to the actual application, and a more compact volume can be obtained by using the optical fiber image transmission bundle, but the imaging light energy and the imaging resolution are lost.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the concave lens 3 and the convex lens 4 may be single lenses or lens groups having the same function. The base materials of the concave lens 3 and the convex lens 4 have high transmittance at the main laser wavelength and the imaging light wavelength/waveband, and antireflection films of the main laser wavelength and the imaging light wavelength/waveband are plated on the surfaces of the concave lens 3 and the convex lens 4. The concave lens 3 and the convex lens 4 can resist the highest output power of the acceptor laser, and the quality of the emitted laser or the imaging beam can be designed according to actual requirements.
The output optical fiber of the sampling monitoring end cap can be connected with different instruments according to monitoring requirements, for example, the output optical fiber is connected with a spectrometer to realize spectrum monitoring, a power meter to realize power monitoring, an extinction ratio tester to realize laser polarization state monitoring and the like.
After the compact optical fiber laser beam expanding and collimating system is assembled, the collimating transmitting end cap and the transmission optical fiber, the optical fiber image transmitting bundle optical cable or the imaging CCD cable of the sampling monitoring end cap can be converged into a bundle of flexible cable, and the flexible cable has the same appearance structure as that of a traditional optical fiber collimator.
In summary, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Compact fiber laser beam expanding collimation system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a laser collimation emission end cap, a sampling monitoring end cap, a special-shaped mirror, an imaging reflector, an imaging lens, an imaging device, a concave lens and a convex lens;
the special-shaped mirror at least comprises a first side surface for incidence of main laser, a second side surface for emergence of the main laser and incidence of target reflection or scattering light, a third side surface for emergence of the target reflection or scattering light for imaging and a fourth side surface for emergence of monitoring light;
after being collimated and output by the laser collimation emission end cap, the main laser is incident to the first side surface of the special-shaped mirror, and most of the main laser is transmitted out by the second side surface of the special-shaped mirror and emitted to a space target after being expanded by a Galileo telescope consisting of a concave lens and a convex lens; a small part of main laser as monitoring light is reflected to the fourth side surface of the special-shaped mirror through the second side surface of the special-shaped mirror and is output and coupled into the sampling monitoring end cap through the fourth side surface, and the sampling monitoring end cap is externally connected with a laser monitoring system to realize laser monitoring; the target reflection or scattering light from the target is taken as imaging light, enters the second side face of the special-shaped mirror after sequentially passing through the convex lens and the concave lens, is reflected at the first side face of the special-shaped mirror and is reflected to the third side face of the special-shaped mirror, is output to the imaging reflector through the third side face, enters the imaging lens of the imaging device, and is imaged through the imaging device.
2. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 1, wherein: the laser collimation emission end cap, the sampling monitoring end cap, the special-shaped mirror, the imaging reflector, the imaging lens, the concave lens and the convex lens are all fixedly arranged in the lens barrel.
3. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 2, wherein: the lens barrel is made of stainless steel or alloy aluminum.
4. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the main laser comes from the fiber laser, and the output fiber of the fiber laser is fused with the fiber of the laser collimation emission end cap.
5. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 4, wherein: the special-shaped mirror is provided with a first side surface and a second side surface which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other in the length direction, and the distance between the first side surface and the second side surface is h; the included angle between the first side surface and the vertical plane is alpha; the fourth side face is adjacent to the first side face, an included angle between the fourth side face and the first side face is C, and an included angle between the fourth side face and the vertical plane is alpha + C; the following relationship exists between the included angles α and C:
the special-shaped mirror is made of glass or crystal material, and n is the refractive index of the special-shaped mirror material at the wavelength of the main laser.
6. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 5, wherein: the main laser incident optical axis and the light spot of the main laser before entering the special-shaped mirror are all positioned in the main laser incident plane of the special-shaped mirror, the main laser incident optical axis is perpendicular to the vertical plane, the included angle between the main laser incident optical axis and the first side surface is 90-alpha, and the monitoring light is all output from the fourth side surface.
7. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 6, wherein: the main laser incident optical axis a is parallel to the main laser emergent optical axis b, and the distance L between the main laser incident optical axis a and the main laser emergent optical axis b is determined by the following formula:
the main laser incident optical axis a is parallel to the monitoring optical axis c, and the distance M between the main laser incident optical axis a and the monitoring optical axis c is determined by the following formula:
8. the compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein: the laser collimation emission end cap is a commercial optical fiber end cap with a spherical laser emergent surface, the optical fiber model of the laser collimation emission end cap is matched with the output optical fiber model of a used optical fiber laser, the laser emergent surface of the laser collimation emission end cap is spherical, and a main laser wavelength antireflection film is plated, so that main laser can be collimated.
9. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 8, wherein: the sampling monitoring end cap is a commercial optical fiber end cap with a spherical laser incidence end face, the sampling monitoring end cap optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber, the size of the laser incidence end face of the sampling monitoring end cap is matched with that of the monitoring light, and the laser incidence end face of the sampling monitoring end cap is plated with a monitoring light wavelength antireflection film.
10. The compact fiber laser expanded beam collimating system of claim 1, wherein:
polishing the first side surface, and plating a main laser wavelength antireflection film and an imaging light wavelength/waveband high-reflection film at the same time;
polishing the second side surface, and plating a main laser light splitting film and an imaging light antireflection film simultaneously; the light splitting ratio of the main laser light splitting film is determined according to the main laser power and the required sampling monitoring light power, and the reflectivity of the main laser light splitting film is less than 0.1%;
polishing the third side surface, plating an imaging light wavelength/waveband antireflection film, wherein the position and the size of the antireflection film ensure that imaging light can be completely output to the imaging reflector without influencing the transmission of main laser;
polishing the fourth side surface, and plating a monitoring light wavelength antireflection film.
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| JPS57158573A (en) * | 1981-03-26 | 1982-09-30 | Sotsukishiya:Kk | Optical system of light wave range finder |
| JPH0777602A (en) * | 1993-07-14 | 1995-03-20 | Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd | Optical prism and its optical device |
| CN110058362A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-26 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of single-optical fiber bi-directional transceiver part based on pentagon prism and interferometric filter |
| CN210894687U (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-06-30 | 深圳奥锐达科技有限公司 | Laser emission device and laser radar system |
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