CN112904109B - Safety management system for preventing high-voltage distribution box of electric automobile from being privately opened and ECU detection method - Google Patents
Safety management system for preventing high-voltage distribution box of electric automobile from being privately opened and ECU detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112904109B CN112904109B CN202110058345.2A CN202110058345A CN112904109B CN 112904109 B CN112904109 B CN 112904109B CN 202110058345 A CN202110058345 A CN 202110058345A CN 112904109 B CN112904109 B CN 112904109B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/1659—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 to indicate that the value is within or outside a predetermined range of values (window)
- G01R19/16595—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 to indicate that the value is within or outside a predetermined range of values (window) with multi level indication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/54—Testing for continuity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a private opening prevention safety management system of a high-voltage distribution box of an electric automobile and an ECU detection method, wherein the system comprises a high-voltage box cover and a high-voltage box body, an insulating cavity is formed in the side wall of the high-voltage box body, an private opening prevention management mechanism is arranged in the insulating cavity, the private opening prevention management mechanism comprises an insulating sleeve and an insulating cover, and the insulating sleeve and the insulating cover the inner wall of the insulating cavity; the first insulation bolt passes through the insulation sleeve and then abuts against the side wall of the sliding resistor, and the second fixed end of the sliding resistor presses the second reset spring; the other end of the third conductor is connected with a sliding resistance signal wire which is used for outputting a sliding resistance voltage signal. The beneficial effects are that: the anti-private-opening management mechanism is utilized, so that monitoring management is realized, digital evidence that a user illegally opens the high-voltage distribution box is reserved, whether the user illegally opens the high-voltage distribution box is clear, maintenance management of the whole system is facilitated, and high-voltage safety inside the high-voltage distribution box is monitored at any time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage electric equipment of automobiles, in particular to a safety management system for preventing a high-voltage distribution box of an electric automobile from being opened privately and an ECU detection method.
Background
With the development of technology and the advancement of society, electric automobiles have been put into public life, and the electric automobiles replace the traditional fuel automobiles to solve the environmental protection and energy crisis problems. However, the electric automobile still has the defects that the comprehensive cost and the selling price are high, the battery life distance is short, and the high-voltage safety problem related to improper maintenance or collision of the high-voltage system is needed to be solved.
When the high-voltage system is not maintained, for example, the connector is not screwed up according to the specified torsion after the high-voltage connection part is repaired (the connection part is loosened), or the high-voltage positive and negative electrodes are connected reversely, the high-voltage electric equipment is easy to burn, and even life safety accidents of passengers are threatened. After collision, the battery pack is electrified, and internal failure reaction is induced to cause combustion, explosion and other consequences.
Therefore, the high-voltage safety is a design content which needs to be considered in the design process of the electric automobile, the advantages and disadvantages of the high-voltage safety of the electric automobile directly influence the life safety of the riding members of the automobile and the safety and reliability of the use of the high-voltage electric equipment, and the high-voltage safety design content relates to the high-voltage safety design of the battery pack, the motor, the controller, the electric air conditioner and other high-voltage electric equipment bodies of the electric automobile and the design of the high-voltage connection mode of each high-voltage electric equipment.
The high-voltage distribution box is an important high-voltage electric equipment of the electric automobile, and can perform safety protection and centralized control to manage the high-voltage equipment when a high-voltage system is overloaded, short-circuited and leaked. The high-voltage box is responsible for the high-voltage safety management of the whole vehicle and the control and management of the power up and down logic of the power utilization system, and has the main functions of protecting overload, short circuit and electric leakage safety of the high-voltage system and centralized control and management of high-voltage electric equipment. As it relates to the control of the whole vehicle high voltage system such as battery packs, motor controllers, electric air conditioners, etc., the industry has been considered as the fourth largest key system following the whole vehicle control system (VCU), battery Management System (BMS), motor control system (MCU).
In the prior art, the high-voltage distribution box on the market is disassembled and repaired and reloaded by a vehicle owner user privately, and no evidence exists after a problem occurs to indicate whether the high-voltage distribution box is disassembled or not.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a system and a method for preventing the high-voltage distribution box of an electric automobile from being privately opened, which utilize a privately opened prevention management mechanism to realize monitoring management, reserve digital evidence of illegal opening of the high-voltage distribution box by a user, determine whether the user has the act of illegally opening the high-voltage distribution box, facilitate maintenance and management of the whole system and monitor the high-voltage safety inside the high-voltage distribution box at any time;
in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
an electric automobile high voltage distribution box prevents opening safety control system privately, its key lies in: comprises a high-pressure box cover and a high-pressure box body;
the high-voltage box cover is fixed on the high-voltage box body through a fixing bolt and a first insulating bolt, an insulating cavity is formed in the side wall of the high-voltage box body, a privacy opening prevention management mechanism is arranged in the insulating cavity, the privacy opening prevention management mechanism comprises an insulating sleeve and an insulating cover, and the insulating sleeve and the insulating cover the inner wall of the insulating cavity;
a sliding resistor and a second reset spring are arranged in the insulation cavity, a 5V+ power supply line is connected to a first fixed end of the sliding resistor, an iron bonding line is connected to the second fixed end of the sliding resistor, the first insulation bolt passes through the insulation sleeve and then abuts against the side wall of the sliding resistor, the second reset spring is pressed by the second fixed end of the sliding resistor, the second reset spring abuts against an insulation cover at the first end of the insulation cavity, and a reset gap is reserved at the first fixed end of the sliding resistor;
and a third conductor is further arranged on the side wall of the sliding resistor, one end of the third conductor is in butt joint with the sliding resistor, the other end of the third conductor is connected with a sliding resistor signal wire, and the sliding resistor signal wire is used for outputting a sliding resistor voltage signal.
Through above-mentioned design, through reset spring, slide resistance, electro-magnet have designed a section and have prevented private management mechanism in the insulating chamber, detect the fixed condition of bolt through sampling slide resistance's change, thereby monitor the bolt whether by illegal dismantlement, not hard up influence that causes high-voltage electric equipment, stop the potential safety hazard.
Further describing, the privacy opening prevention management mechanism is further provided with a pressing block, one end of the pressing block is covered by the high-voltage box cover, and the other end of the pressing block covers the insulating sleeve;
the middle part of the pressing block is provided with a bolt through hole;
the lower end of the pressing block is also provided with a conductor buffer chamber, and a bolt pressure detection mechanism is arranged in the conductor buffer chamber.
The bolt pressure detection mechanism comprises a first conductor and a second conductor which are buckled up and down;
a first return spring is abutted between the first conductor and the second conductor;
the side wall of the first insulating bolt is provided with an abutting surface which is perpendicular to the axis of the first insulating bolt, and the first conductor and the second conductor are abutted between the abutting surface and the outer wall of the insulating sleeve;
the first conductor is connected with a first conductor signal line, and the second conductor is connected with a second conductor signal line.
By adopting the scheme, the auxiliary bolt pressure detection mechanism is arranged in the anti-private opening management mechanism, so that the bolt fixing position is ensured, and meanwhile, whether the bolt is taken out or not is distinguished when the bolt is fixed and whether the loosening condition exists at the fixing position or not is ensured.
Still further described, an electromagnet is secured to the insulating cover at the second end of the flange chamber, and a reset gap is reserved between the electromagnet and the sliding resistor, and the reset gap is used for adjusting the voltage signal.
The side wall of the high-voltage box body is provided with a hole and is provided with a second insulating bolt, and the second insulating bolt penetrates through the insulating sleeve;
the second insulating bolt is a middle hole bolt, a spring is arranged in the middle hole, the spring presses the third conductor to be abutted with the sliding resistor, and a sliding resistor signal wire connected with the third conductor penetrates out of the second insulating bolt.
By adopting the scheme, the position of the sliding resistor is adjusted by adopting the electromagnet, the current is changed, the gap is placed at the maximum value by utilizing the reset gap, and the position of the sliding resistor is fixed. The second reset bolt of the side wall adopts a middle hole type, and the third conductor is contacted with the sliding resistor to collect the resistance value.
Further describing, when the first insulating bolt between the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body is not locked, and under the condition that no current is applied to the electromagnet, the second reset spring pushes the sliding resistor to fill the reset gap, the electromagnet is abutted to the middle position of the first fixed end of the sliding resistor, and the signal of the special 5V current regulation and signal collector is displayed as a factory voltage origin calibration value;
the input current of the electromagnet is continuously increased on the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device through a current adjusting knob, namely, the larger the current is, the larger the stroke of the electromagnet pushing the sliding resistor rightwards is, when the input current is increased to the maximum extension of the electromagnet, the largest reset gap is formed, when the sliding resistor rightwards moves furthest, a first insulating bolt is locked, the electromagnet is powered off, and the signal of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is displayed as a factory voltage initial set value.
By adopting the scheme, the factory voltage origin calibration value can be changed according to the design change of specific structural parameters, and mainly depends on the elastic force and the adjustable length of the reset spring at the rear end of the sliding resistor. The origin calibration value of the factory voltage depends on the elasticity of the reset spring and the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic force, and finally the maximum current value is used for pushing the displacement of the sliding resistor to be the voltage value at the moment. Taking the invention as an example, each high-voltage box leaves a factory, and an arbitrary output signal can be set between 2.5V-3.5V of the output voltage of the sliding resistance signal to be used as an identification code of the high-voltage box, and the identification code is used as a certificate of whether the subsequent high-voltage box is privately opened or not.
The system is further described and further comprises an electric automobile ECU and a special 5V current regulation and signal collector, wherein the special 5V current regulation and signal collector comprises a current regulation knob, a signal display, a 5V power supply line with adjustable current, a collector 5V power supply line, a collector first bonding wire, a collector second bonding wire and a collection signal wire;
the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition are connected with a high-voltage box private opening prevention mechanism through a circuit;
the electric automobile ECU comprises five leads, and the five leads are an ECU5V power supply line, an ECU bonding wire, an ECU first signal line, an ECU second signal line and an ECU third signal line in sequence.
By adopting the scheme, the special 5V current is utilized to adjust and calibrate the parameters of the high-voltage box in a factory, the factory voltage set value is set, and then the electric automobile ECU is connected with the anti-private-opening management mechanism to put into an automobile working monitoring state, so that the high-voltage distribution box is protected.
An ECU detection method for an electric automobile high-voltage distribution box to privately open a safety management system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps of:
pretreatment: the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector 5V power supply line and the collector first bonding wire are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the electromagnet, and then the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector 5V power supply line, the collector second bonding wire and the collector signal wire are correspondingly connected with the slide resistance 5V+ power supply line, the slide resistance bonding wire and the slide resistance signal wire of the high-voltage box private opening prevention mechanism;
step 1): starting an automobile, performing electric automobile ECU self-checking, namely enabling the electric automobile ECU self-checking to be normal, connecting a sliding resistor 5V+ power supply line of a high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism with an ECU5V power supply of the electric automobile ECU, connecting a sliding resistor bonding wire of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism with an ECU bonding wire of the electric automobile ECU, and connecting a sliding resistor signal wire of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism with an ECU first signal wire of the electric automobile ECU; connecting a first conductor signal wire with an ECU second signal wire of the electric automobile ECU, connecting the second conductor signal wire with an ECU third signal wire of the electric automobile ECU, and grounding the first conductor signal wire; and the electric automobile ECU self-checking, when detecting that the voltage output signal of the sliding resistance signal wire is in the initial set value of the factory voltage and the third signal wire of the electric automobile ECU is in a low level, namely the first conductor is in contact with the second conductor, the automobile can be started normally.
If the electric automobile ECU self-tests normally jump to the step 2);
if the self-checking of the electric automobile ECU is wrong, the electric automobile ECU controls the main contactor not to be attracted, the high-voltage subsystem is not electrified, a fault code is reported, and the process is finished;
step 2): the electric automobile ECU detects the output voltage signal of the sliding resistor and judges whether the output voltage signal is within the effective range of the initial set value of the factory voltage;
if the output voltage signal is within the effective range of the initial set value of the factory voltage, the ECU reports to normally control the main contactor to be attracted, and the high-voltage subsystem is connected with high-voltage power, and the process is finished;
if the output voltage signal is not in the factory voltage origin calibration value range, entering the step 3);
step 3): the electric automobile ECU continuously judges whether the output voltage signal is close to the effective range of the factory voltage origin calibration value;
if the judgment result is that the output voltage signal is close to the effective range of the factory voltage origin calibration value, entering the step 4);
if the output voltage signal is not in the effective range value close to the factory voltage origin calibration value, jumping to the step 5);
step 4) the electric automobile ECU judges whether a signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is at a low level or not;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the state of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism is a state that a user privately opens and closes, the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code, the electric automobile ECU controls the main contactor to be not sucked, the high-voltage subsystem is not enabled, and the fault code is reported; the ECU of the electric automobile uploads an alarm signal to the centralized monitoring center and ends;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is not at a low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the state of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism is in a privately opened and closed state and the first insulating bolt is not screwed down, the electric automobile ECU controls the main contactor to be not sucked, the high-voltage subsystem is not powered on, the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code, and the ECU uploads an alarm signal to the centralized monitoring center to finish;
step 5): the ECU of the electric automobile continuously judges whether the output voltage signal is close to the range of the factory voltage error set value or not;
if the judgment result is that the output voltage signal is close to the range of the factory voltage error set value, entering the step 6);
if the output voltage signal is not close to the range of the factory voltage error set value, jumping to the step 7);
step 6): the electric automobile ECU further judges whether a signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjustment and signal acquisition device is low level or not;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the pretightening force of a first insulating bolt connected with the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body is insufficient, the sliding resistor is slightly displaced to the left, the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code, and uploads information to a centralized monitoring center to finish;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is not at a low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the pretightening force of a first insulating bolt connected with the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body is slightly deficient, the sliding resistor is slightly displaced to the left, the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code, and uploads information to a centralized monitoring center to finish;
step 7): the electric automobile ECU confirms that the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is not low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the high-voltage box cover and the first insulating bolt connected with the high-voltage box body are obviously loosened, the sliding resistor has larger displacement to the left, the electric automobile ECU reports fault codes, uploads information to the centralized monitoring center and ends.
By adopting the scheme, the electric automobile ECU monitors the state of the high-voltage box, whether the high-voltage box is privately opened or the problem of connection reliability occurs, and the detection of the abnormality uploads the related signal according to judgment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the daily use process of the electric automobile, the electric automobile ECU is responsible for monitoring the state of the high-voltage box, whether the high-voltage box is privately opened or the problem of connection reliability occurs, and when abnormality is detected, the electric automobile ECU judges the specific problem and performs relevant alarm or information uploading work. When the key is turned to the ON gear every time the vehicle starts, the electric automobile ECU detects the output voltage signal of the sliding resistor, and accordingly the state of the high-voltage box is judged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anti-privacy management mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a system frame diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view, A-A, of the privacy mechanism of the system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view 2 in cross section of the privacy securing mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dedicated 5V current regulator and signal collector configuration;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an ECU for an electric vehicle;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the privacy mechanism of the system of FIG. 2 in a factory configuration A-A;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-adjustment process state A-A of the privacy mechanism of the system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the privacy opening prevention mechanism of the system of FIG. 2 in a privately disassembled and re-capped condition A-A by a user;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of steps of an ECU management method for an electric vehicle.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments and working principles of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
As can be seen in connection with fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, an electric car high voltage distribution box privacy opening prevention safety management system is characterized in that: comprises a high-pressure box cover 1 and a high-pressure box body 2;
the high-voltage box cover 1 is fixed on the high-voltage box body 2 through a fixing bolt and a first insulating bolt 9, an insulating cavity is formed in the side wall of the high-voltage box body 2, a privacy opening prevention management mechanism A is arranged in the insulating cavity, the privacy opening prevention management mechanism A comprises an insulating sleeve 7 and an insulating cover 22, and the insulating sleeve 7 and the insulating cover 22 cover the inner wall of the insulating cavity;
a sliding resistor 8 and a second reset spring 13 are arranged in the insulation cavity, a first fixed end of the sliding resistor 8 is connected with a 5V+ power supply line 19, a second fixed end of the sliding resistor 8 is connected with an iron bonding line 20, the first insulation bolt 9 passes through the insulation sleeve 7 and then abuts against the side wall of the sliding resistor 8, the second fixed end of the sliding resistor 8 presses the second reset spring 13, the second reset spring 13 abuts against an insulation cover 22 at the first end of the insulation cavity, and a reset gap is reserved at the first fixed end of the sliding resistor 8;
the side wall of the sliding resistor 8 is further provided with a third conductor 15, one end of the third conductor 15 is abutted against the sliding resistor 8, the other end of the third conductor 15 is connected with a sliding resistor signal line 14, and the sliding resistor signal line 14 is used for outputting a sliding resistor voltage signal.
The privacy opening prevention management mechanism A is further provided with a pressing block 3, one end of the pressing block 3 is covered by the high-voltage box cover 1, and the other end of the pressing block covers the insulating sleeve 7;
a bolt through hole is formed in the middle of the pressing block 3;
the lower end of the pressing block 3 is also provided with a conductor buffer chamber 25, and a bolt pressure detection mechanism is arranged in the conductor buffer chamber 25.
The bolt pressure detection mechanism comprises a first conductor 4 and a second conductor 6 which are buckled up and down;
a first return spring 5 is in contact between the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 6;
the side wall of the first insulating bolt 9 is provided with an abutting surface which is perpendicular to the axis of the first insulating bolt 9, and the first conductor 4 and the second conductor 6 are abutted between the abutting surface and the outer wall of the insulating sleeve 7;
the first conductor 4 is connected to a first conductor signal line 10, and the second conductor 6 is connected to a second conductor signal line 11.
An electromagnet 21 is fixed at the insulating cover 22 at the second end of the edge chamber, and a reset gap is reserved between the electromagnet 21 and the sliding resistor 8 and is used for adjusting a voltage signal.
The side wall of the high-voltage box body 2 is provided with a hole and is provided with a second insulating bolt 12, and the second insulating bolt 12 passes through the insulating sleeve 7;
the second insulating bolt 12 is a middle hole bolt, a spring is installed in the middle hole, the spring presses the third conductor 15 to be in contact with the sliding resistor 8, and the sliding resistor signal wire 14 connected with the third conductor 15 passes through the second insulating bolt 12.
When the first insulating bolt 9 between the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 is not locked, and no current is applied to the electromagnet 21, the second reset spring 13 pushes the sliding resistor 8 to fill the reset gap, the electromagnet 21 is abutted to the middle position of the first fixed end of the sliding resistor 8, and the signal of the special 5V current regulation and signal collector is displayed as a factory voltage origin calibration value;
the input current of the electromagnet 21 is continuously increased on the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device through a current adjusting knob, namely, the larger the current is, the larger the stroke of the electromagnet 21 pushing the sliding resistor 8 rightwards is, when the input current is increased to the maximum elongation of the electromagnet 21, the largest reset gap is formed, when the sliding resistor 8 moves rightwards to the farthest distance, the first insulating bolt 9 is locked, the electromagnet 21 is powered off, and the signal of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is displayed as the initial set value of the factory voltage.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector comprises a current adjusting knob, a signal display, a current adjustable 5V power supply line, a collector first bonding wire, a collector second bonding wire and a collection signal wire;
the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition are connected with the high-voltage box anti-privately-opening mechanism A through a circuit;
as can be seen from fig. 6, the ECU for the electric vehicle includes five leads, which are, in order, an ECU5V power supply line, an ECU bonding line, an ECU first signal line, an ECU second signal line, and an ECU third signal line, respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 6, an ECU detection method for an electric vehicle high-voltage distribution box to prevent a safety management system from being privately opened is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of:
pretreatment: the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector 5V power supply line and the collector first bonding wire are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the electromagnet 21, and then the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector 5V power supply line, the collector second bonding wire and the collector signal wire are correspondingly connected with the slide resistance 5V+ power supply line 19, the slide resistance bonding wire 20 and the slide resistance signal wire 14 of the high-voltage box private opening prevention mechanism A;
step 1): starting an automobile, performing electric automobile ECU self-checking, namely performing the electric automobile ECU self-checking on whether the electric automobile is normal or not, connecting a sliding resistor 5V+ power supply line 19 of a high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism A with an ECU5V power supply of the electric automobile ECU, connecting a sliding resistor bonding wire 20 of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism A with an ECU bonding wire of the electric automobile ECU, and connecting a sliding resistor signal wire 14 of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism A with an ECU first signal wire of the electric automobile ECU; connecting the first conductor signal wire 10 with an ECU second signal wire of the electric automobile ECU, connecting the second conductor signal wire 11 with an ECU third signal wire of the electric automobile ECU, and grounding the first conductor signal wire 10;
and the electric automobile ECU self-checking, when detecting that the voltage output signal of the sliding resistance signal line 14 is within the initial set value of the factory voltage and the third signal line of the electric automobile ECU is at a low level, namely the first conductor 4 is in contact with the second conductor 6, the automobile can be started normally.
If the electric automobile ECU self-tests normally jump to the step 2);
if the self-checking of the electric automobile ECU is wrong, the electric automobile ECU controls the main contactor not to be attracted, the high-voltage subsystem is not electrified, a fault code is reported, and the process is finished;
step 2): the electric automobile ECU detects the output voltage signal of the sliding resistor 8, and judges whether the output voltage signal is within the effective range of 3.5V +/-0.2V of the initial set value of the factory voltage;
if the output voltage signal is within the effective range of 3.5V plus or minus 0.2V of the initial set value of the factory voltage, the ECU of the electric automobile reports to normally control the main contactor to be attracted, and the high-voltage subsystem is connected with high-voltage electricity to finish;
if the output voltage signal is not in the factory voltage origin calibration value range, entering the step 3);
step 3): the ECU of the electric automobile continuously judges whether the output voltage signal is close to 2.5V plus or minus 0.2V in the effective range of the factory voltage origin calibration value;
if the judgment result is that the output voltage signal is 2.5V plus or minus 0.2V within the effective range of the factory voltage origin calibration value, entering the step 4);
if the output voltage signal is not 2.5V plus or minus 0.2V within the effective range value close to the factory voltage origin calibration value, jumping to the step 5);
step 4: the ECU of the electric automobile judges whether a signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is at a low level or not;
as can be seen from fig. 8, if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulator and signal collector is at a low level, the electric vehicle ECU determines that the state of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism a is a state that the user privately opens and closes, the electric vehicle ECU reports a fault code, the electric vehicle ECU controls the main contactor not to be closed, the high-voltage subsystem is not powered on, and the fault code is reported; the ECU of the electric automobile uploads an alarm signal to the centralized monitoring center and ends;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is not at a low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the state of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism A is in a privately opened and closed state and the first insulating bolt 9 is not screwed down, the electric automobile ECU controls the main contactor to be not sucked, the high-voltage subsystem is not connected with high voltage, the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code, and the ECU uploads an alarm signal to the centralized monitoring center to finish;
step 5): the electric automobile ECU continuously judges whether the output voltage signal is close to 3.5V plus or minus 0.4V within the range of the factory voltage error set value;
if the output voltage signal is close to 3.5V plus or minus 0.4V within the range of the factory voltage error set value as a judgment result, entering the step 6);
if the output voltage signal is not close to 3.5V plus or minus 0.4V within the range of the factory voltage error set value, jumping to the step 7);
step 6: the electric automobile ECU further judges whether a signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjustment and signal acquisition device is low level or not;
as can be seen from fig. 9, if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is at a low level, the ECU determines that the pretightening force of the first insulating bolt 9 connected between the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 is insufficient, the sliding resistor 8 has small left displacement, and the ECU reports a fault code, uploads information to the centralized monitoring center, and ends;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is not at a low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the pretightening force of the first insulating bolt 9 connected with the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 is slightly deficient, the sliding resistor 8 is slightly displaced leftwards, the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code, uploads information to a centralized monitoring center, and ends;
step 7): the electric automobile ECU confirms that the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is not low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the high-voltage box cover 1 and the first insulating bolt 9 connected with the high-voltage box body 2 are obviously loosened, the sliding resistor 8 has larger displacement leftwards, the electric automobile ECU reports fault codes, uploads information to a centralized monitoring center, and the process is finished.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the first insulating bolt 9 between the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 is not locked, the sliding resistor is positioned at the middle position and is not contacted with the electromagnet 21, and is influenced by the elastic force of the first reset spring 5, the first conductor and the second conductor are pushed to the respective elastic force directions by the first reset spring 5, the two end parts of the conductor buffer chamber 25 are not contacted, and under the condition that no current is applied to the electromagnet 21, the special 5V current regulation and the signal of the signal collector are displayed as factory voltage origin calibration values. The input current of the electromagnet 21 is continuously increased through the current adjusting knob, namely, the larger the current is, the larger the stroke of the electromagnet 21 pushing the sliding resistor 8 to the right is, when the input current is increased to the maximum extension of the electromagnet 21, the sliding resistor 8 moves the farthest to the right, and the signals of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device are displayed that the initial set value of the outlet voltage is between 3.5V plus or minus 0.2V; after all fixing bolts are screwed, the first insulating bolt 9 between the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 is screwed, the first insulating bolt 9 is tightly propped against the upper surface of the sliding resistor 8, the input current of the electromagnet 21 is reduced through the current adjusting knob until the input current is zero, the electromagnet 21 is retracted to the initial position, and the sliding resistor 8 cannot reset leftwards due to the fact that the sliding resistor 8 is tightly propped against the first insulating bolt 9, and at the moment, the special 5V current adjusting and signal display of the signal collector are required to be the initial setting value of the out-of-field voltage. When a user or an unauthorized maintenance service point privately opens the high-voltage box cover and unscrews the first insulating bolt 9, the sliding resistor 8 moves leftwards and resets under the action of the elastic force of the pre-pressing spring, and when the high-voltage box cover 1 is covered again, the sliding resistor 8 is reset;
the output voltage signal of the sliding resistor 8 collected by the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector is the initial set value of the factory voltage, and the collecting signal line of the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector is low level, then the ECU on the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector alarms, and the manufacturer receives the ECU alarm through the background server. Uploading information that the user privately opens the high voltage box.
It should be noted that the above description is not intended to limit the invention, but rather the invention is not limited to the above examples, and that variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention will be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electric automobile high voltage distribution box prevents opening safety control system privately, its characterized in that: comprises a high-pressure box cover (1) and a high-pressure box body (2);
the high-voltage box cover (1) is fixed on the high-voltage box body (2) through a fixing bolt and a first insulating bolt (9), an insulating cavity is formed in the side wall of the high-voltage box body (2), an anti-private opening management mechanism (A) is arranged in the insulating cavity, the anti-private opening management mechanism (A) comprises an insulating sleeve (7) and an insulating cover (22), and the insulating sleeve (7) and the insulating cover (22) cover the inner wall of the insulating cavity;
a sliding resistor (8) and a second reset spring (13) are arranged in the insulation cavity, a 5V+ power supply line (19) is connected to a first fixed end of the sliding resistor (8), an iron bonding line (20) is connected to a second fixed end of the sliding resistor, a first insulation bolt (9) passes through an insulation sleeve (7) and then abuts against the side wall of the sliding resistor (8), the second reset spring (13) is pressed by a second fixed end of the sliding resistor (8), the second reset spring (13) abuts against an insulation cover (22) at the first end of the insulation cavity, and a reset gap is reserved at the first fixed end of the sliding resistor (8);
a third conductor (15) is further arranged on the side wall of the sliding resistor (8), one end of the third conductor (15) is abutted against the sliding resistor (8), the other end of the third conductor (15) is connected with a sliding resistor signal wire (14), and the sliding resistor signal wire (14) is used for outputting a sliding resistor voltage signal;
the side wall of the high-voltage box body (2) is provided with a hole and is provided with a second insulating bolt (12), and the second insulating bolt (12) passes through the insulating sleeve (7);
the second insulating bolt (12) is a middle hole bolt, a spring is arranged in the middle hole, the spring presses the third conductor (15) to be in contact with the sliding resistor (8), and a sliding resistor signal wire (14) connected with the third conductor (15) penetrates out of the second insulating bolt (12).
2. The electric car high voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 1, wherein: the privacy opening prevention management mechanism (A) is also provided with a pressing block (3), one end of the pressing block (3) is covered by the high-voltage box cover (1), and the other end of the pressing block covers the insulating sleeve (7);
the middle part of the pressing block (3) is provided with a bolt through hole;
the lower end of the pressing block (3) is also provided with a conductor buffer chamber (25), and a bolt pressure detection mechanism is arranged in the conductor buffer chamber (25).
3. The electric car high voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 2, wherein: the bolt pressure detection mechanism comprises a first conductor (4) and a second conductor (6) which are buckled up and down;
a first return spring (5) is in contact between the first conductor (4) and the second conductor (6);
the side wall of the first insulating bolt (9) is provided with an abutting surface which is perpendicular to the axis of the first insulating bolt (9), and the first conductor (4) and the second conductor (6) are abutted between the abutting surface and the outer wall of the insulating sleeve (7);
the first conductor (4) is connected with a first conductor signal line (10), and the second conductor (6) is connected with a second conductor signal line (11).
4. The electric car high voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 1, wherein: an electromagnet (21) is fixed at an insulating cover (22) at the second end of the edge chamber, and a reset gap is reserved between the electromagnet (21) and the sliding resistor (8) and is used for adjusting a voltage signal.
5. The electric car high voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 3, wherein: when a first insulating bolt (9) between the high-voltage box cover (1) and the high-voltage box body (2) is not locked, and no current is applied to an electromagnet (21), the second reset spring (13) pushes the sliding resistor (8) to fill a reset gap, the electromagnet (21) is abutted to the middle position of a first fixed end of the sliding resistor (8), and a special 5V current regulation and signal of a signal collector are displayed as a factory voltage origin calibration value;
the input current of the electromagnet (21) is continuously increased on the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device through a current adjusting knob, namely, the larger the current is, the larger the stroke of the electromagnet (21) pushing the sliding resistor (8) rightwards is, when the input current is increased to the maximum elongation of the electromagnet (21), the maximum reset gap is formed, when the sliding resistor (8) moves rightwards furthest, the first insulating bolt (9) is locked, the electromagnet (21) is powered off, and the signal of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is displayed as a factory voltage initial set value.
6. The electric car high voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 1, wherein: the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector comprises a current adjusting knob, a signal display, a 5V power supply line capable of adjusting current, a collector 5V power supply line, a collector first bonding wire, a collector second bonding wire and a collection signal wire;
the special 5V current adjusting and signal collecting device is connected with the high-voltage box private opening preventing mechanism (A) through a circuit;
the electric automobile ECU comprises five leads, and the five leads are an ECU5V power supply line, an ECU bonding wire, an ECU first signal line, an ECU second signal line and an ECU third signal line in sequence.
7. An ECU detection method based on the electric automobile high-voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of:
pretreatment: the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector 5V power supply line and the collector first bonding wire are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of an electromagnet (21), and then the special 5V current adjusting and signal collector 5V power supply line, the collector second bonding wire and the collector signal wire are correspondingly connected with a slide resistance 5V+ power supply line (19), a slide resistance bonding wire (20) and a slide resistance signal wire (14) of the high-voltage box private opening prevention mechanism (A);
step 1): starting an automobile, and performing self-checking on an electric automobile ECU, wherein the self-checking on the electric automobile ECU is normal, and if the self-checking on the electric automobile ECU is normal, jumping to the step 2);
if the self-checking of the ECU of the electric automobile is wrong, a fault code is reported, and the process is finished;
step 2): the electric automobile ECU detects the output voltage signal of the sliding resistor (8), and judges whether the output voltage signal is within the effective range of the initial set value of the factory voltage;
if the output voltage signal is within the effective range of the initial set value of the factory voltage, the ECU reports normal and ends;
if the output voltage signal is not in the factory voltage origin calibration value range, entering the step 3);
step 3): the electric automobile ECU continuously judges whether the output voltage signal is close to the effective range of the factory voltage origin calibration value;
if the judgment result is that the output voltage signal is close to the effective range of the factory voltage origin calibration value, entering the step 4);
if the output voltage signal is not in the effective range value close to the factory voltage origin calibration value, jumping to the step 5);
step 4): the ECU of the electric automobile judges whether a signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is at a low level or not;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the state of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism (A) is a state that a user privately opens and closes, and the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code and ends;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjusting and signal acquisition device is not at a low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the state of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism (A) is privately opened and then closed, the first insulating bolt (9) is not screwed, and the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code and ends;
step 5): the ECU of the electric automobile continuously judges whether the output voltage signal is close to the range of the factory voltage error set value or not;
if the judgment result is that the output voltage signal is close to the range of the factory voltage error set value, entering the step 6);
if the output voltage signal is not close to the range of the factory voltage error set value, jumping to the step 7);
step 6): the electric automobile ECU further judges whether a signal acquisition line of the special 5V current adjustment and signal acquisition device is low level or not;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the pretightening force of a first insulating bolt (9) connected with the high-voltage box cover (1) and the high-voltage box body (2) is insufficient, the sliding resistor (8) has smaller left displacement, and the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code and ends;
if the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is not at a low level, the electric automobile ECU judges that the pretightening force of a first insulating bolt (9) connected with the high-voltage box cover (1) and the high-voltage box body (2) is slightly deficient, the sliding resistor (8) is slightly displaced leftwards, and the electric automobile ECU reports a fault code and ends;
step 7): the electric automobile ECU confirms that the signal acquisition line of the special 5V current regulation and signal acquisition device is not low level, judges that a first insulating bolt (9) connected with the high-voltage box cover (1) and the high-voltage box body (2) is obviously loose, the sliding resistor (8) has larger displacement leftwards, and the electric automobile ECU reports fault codes, uploads information to a centralized monitoring center and ends.
8. The ECU detection method of the electric automobile high voltage distribution box private opening prevention safety management system according to claim 7, wherein: the self-checking treatment of the high-voltage subsystem in the step 1) comprises the following specific steps:
step 11): a sliding resistor 5V+ power supply line (19) of a high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism (A) is in power supply connection with an ECU5V of the electric automobile ECU, a sliding resistor bonding wire (20) of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism (A) is connected with an ECU bonding wire of the electric automobile ECU, and a sliding resistor signal wire (14) of the high-voltage box anti-privately opening mechanism (A) is connected with an ECU first signal wire of the electric automobile ECU; connecting a first conductor signal wire (10) with an ECU second signal wire of an electric automobile ECU, connecting a second conductor signal wire (11) with an ECU third signal wire of the electric automobile ECU, and connecting the first conductor signal wire (10) to the ground;
step 12): and the electric automobile ECU self-checking, when detecting that the voltage output signal of the sliding resistance signal wire (14) is within the initial set value of the factory voltage and the third signal wire of the electric automobile ECU is at a low level, namely the first conductor (4) is in contact with the second conductor (6), the automobile can be started normally.
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