CN112903476B - Shear strength evaluation method for engineering field oversized structural plane - Google Patents
Shear strength evaluation method for engineering field oversized structural plane Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
Abstract
A shear strength evaluation method for an engineering field oversized structural plane comprises the following steps: firstly, manufacturing an undisturbed sample of a structural surface by utilizing a three-dimensional laser scanning and engraving technology; secondly, carrying out a series of dimensional structural surface sample direct shear test, and measuring the shear strength; thirdly, carrying out dimensionless treatment on the length of the structural surface, fitting and deriving the data to obtain a functional relation of the shear strength along with the length, and finding a mutation point of a function slope; fourthly, calculating the size range required by the shear test of the engineering site structural plane, and performing the test to obtain the shear strength; fifthly, based on a self-similarity principle, carrying out cyclic iteration on the anti-shearing strength and the anti-shearing length to find the length of the reference structural surface of the engineering site; sixthly, carrying out on-site and laboratory structural surface shear strength comparison analysis, and carrying out engineering on-site oversized structural surface shear strength evaluation. The evaluation method can improve the measurement precision of the shear strength of the engineering field structural surface, and is simple, reliable and high in applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide hazard prevention and control of large-scale surface mines, in particular to a shear strength evaluation method for an engineering field oversized structural plane.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the investment of China on large-scale infrastructure in the middle and western parts is larger and larger, such as large-scale projects of large-scale hydropower engineering, high-speed railways, deep resource exploitation, strategic oil reserves, nuclear power engineering and the like, the construction of the projects improves the living standard of people, promotes the further development of economy, and simultaneously brings more engineering geological disaster problems, such as landslide, debris flow, rock burst, earthquake and the like, so that the stability and catastrophe problems of rock masses in engineering areas are quite prominent, and the life and property safety of people are seriously threatened. Through investigation and research, most of the engineering geological instability phenomena are related to shear instability of the structural plane in the coal rock mass, and whether the shear instability of the structural plane occurs is determined by the shear strength of the structural plane. However, for a large open-air side slope, the size of the key structural plane of the overall side slope and the combined step side slope reaches tens of meters or even hundreds of meters, and due to the existence of the structural plane shear strength size effect, the structural plane shear strength index error obtained by the traditional small indoor shear test is large, so that the shear strength evaluation of the engineering site oversized rock mass structural plane is very necessary.
At present, more scholars consider the size effect, and the shear strength evaluation is carried out by utilizing the laboratory structural plane direct shear test, so that a certain effect is obtained, but still more defects exist: (1) Considering the size effect of the structural plane, the shear strength of the structural plane obtained by an indoor small-scale shear test is reduced by 70 percent, and the obtained result is often large in error due to artificial subjectivity; (2) By adopting a large-scale structural plane (100 cm) shear test, a size threshold value often exists in artificial structural plane shear strength, but the discreteness of a test result and the size of a structural plane are still far smaller than the size of a structural plane on an engineering site, so that the size threshold value of the structural plane is difficult to obtain; (3) When the structural surface sample is selected, the wall rock strength or crack distribution of the structural surface is often destroyed, the mechanical property and geometric information of the engineering field structural surface cannot be restored, and the measured shear strength result has large discreteness and large deviation from authenticity; (4) When a laboratory structural surface direct shear test is carried out, stress conditions are often simplified into normal stress and shear stress, and the influence of water seepage and vibration on the conditions of a structural surface on an engineering site is not considered, so that the value deviation between the shear strength of the structural surface obtained in a laboratory and the engineering site is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the shear strength evaluation method for the engineering field oversized structural plane, which is simple and reliable in evaluation method and strong in applicability.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a shear strength evaluation method for an engineering field oversized structural plane comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an engineering field oversized structural surface to be evaluated, carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning on the structural surface of the exposed part to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the structural surface, and synthesizing the surface appearance of the engineering field oversized structural surface through high-precision fusion, denoising and coordinate conversion;
2) Intercepting the appearance of the series dimension structural surface with the set length interval and the same width in the step 1), wherein the set length interval is arranged at equal intervals by taking the length of a laboratory reference structural surface as a reference, and the interval length is the length of the laboratory reference structural surface;
3) Carrying out the series size structural surface sample direct shear test by using a structural surface size effect shear tester, and measuring the shear strength parameter of the structural surface;
4) Taking the length of a reference structure surface in a laboratory as a reference, and carrying out non-dimensionalization treatment on the length of the structure surface to obtain a length standardized value of the structure surface, as shown in a formula (1);
in the formula, K l The length of the structural surface is a standardized value and is dimensionless; l is l For each structural face length;
the length of a reference structure surface in a laboratory;
5) Fitting the data in the step 3) and the step 4) by utilizing a ployfit command in MATLAB to obtain the shear strength T of the structural surface l With K l Such as formula (2);
T l ＝f 1 (K l ) (2)
6) First order solving of the function of equation (2) using diff command in MATLABGuiding processing to find the mutation point K of the function slope in the formula (2) Tl ；
7) According to the structural surface size L of the project site to be evaluated f Calculating and obtaining the size central point L required by the shear test on the engineering site according to the formula (3) fT In [ L ] fT -M,L fT +M]Selecting N equal-width structural surfaces within the length range, and carrying out a field shearing test to obtain the shearing strength parameters of the structural surfaces, wherein the value range of M is 40-60 cm;
in the formula, K Tl Is the mutation point of the corresponding function in the formula (2);
8) Based on the self-similarity principle, performing cyclic iteration treatment on the structural surface shear strength and the structural surface length in the step 7) by using the function relationship in the step 5) as comparison and utilizing MATLAB to find the length of the engineering field reference structural surface
9) According to the length of the engineering field reference structural surface in the step 8)
Performing on-site direct shear test to obtain the length of the engineering site as
And a laboratory derived length of
The shear strength value of the structural surface is contrastively analyzed, the formula (2) is corrected, and the shear strength T of the engineering field structural surface is obtained f K, with K f Repeating the step 6) to obtain the mutation point K Tf ；
T f ＝f 4 (K f ) (4)
10 Root of Chinese YamAccording to the formula (4) and the mutation point K Tf And evaluating the shear strength of the oversized structural plane on the engineering site.
Further, in the step 3), the shapes of the series dimension structural surfaces with the lengths of 5cm to 300cm, 50cm and the like in the step 1) are intercepted, and the structural surfaces are arranged at intervals of 5cm within the range of 5cm to 300 cm.
Still further, in said step 7), in [ L ] fT -50cm,L fT +50cm]N50 cm equal-width structural surfaces are selected within the length range, and N is more than or equal to 5.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting the shear strength evaluation method for the engineering field oversized structural surface, the geometric information distortion of the structural surface caused by field structural surface sampling can be avoided, the shear strength measurement error caused by different stress conditions of the structural surface in a laboratory and an engineering field can be reduced, the too large deviation of the shear strength measurement result of the structural surface caused by artificial subjectivity can be avoided, the measurement result of the shear strength of the engineering field oversized structural surface (hundreds of meters) can be improved, the evaluation method is simple and reliable, and the applicability is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a shear strength evaluation method for an engineering field oversized structural plane.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a shear strength evaluation method for an engineering field oversized structural plane comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an engineering field oversized structural surface to be evaluated, carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning on the structural surface of the exposed part to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the structural surface, and carrying out high-precision fusion, denoising, coordinate conversion and other work to synthesize the surface morphology of the engineering field oversized structural surface;
2) Intercepting the appearance of the series dimension structural surface with the set length interval and the same width in the step 1), wherein the set length interval is arranged at equal intervals by taking the length of a laboratory reference structural surface as a reference, and the interval length is the length of the laboratory reference structural surface;
3) Carrying out the series size structural surface sample direct shear test by using a structural surface size effect shear tester, and measuring the shear strength parameter of the structural surface;
4) Taking the length of a reference structure surface in a laboratory as a reference, and carrying out non-dimensionalization treatment on the length of the structure surface to obtain a length standardized value of the structure surface, as shown in a formula (1);
in the formula, K l The length of the structural surface is a standardized value and is dimensionless; l is a radical of an alcohol l For each structural face length;
the length of the reference structure surface in the laboratory;
5) Fitting the data in the step 3) and the step 4) by utilizing a ployfit command in MATLAB to obtain the shear strength T of the structural surface l With K l Such as formula (2);
T l ＝f 1 (K l ) (2)
6) Carrying out first-order derivation processing on the function of the formula (2) by using diff command in MATLAB to find the catastrophe point K of the function slope in the formula (2) Tl ；
7) According to the structural surface size L of the project site to be evaluated f Calculating and obtaining the size central point L required by the shear test on the engineering site according to the formula (3) fT In [ L ] fT -M,L fT +M]Selecting N equal-width structural planes within the length range, wherein the value range of M is 40-60 cm, and carrying out a field shear test to obtain the shear strength parameters of the structural planes;
in the formula, K Tl Is the mutation point of the corresponding function in the formula (2);
8) Based on the self-similarity principle, the function relation in the step 5) is used as comparison, and the MATLAB is used for carrying out cyclic iteration processing on the shear strength and the length of the structural surface in the step 7) to find the length of the engineering site reference structural surface
9) According to the length of the engineering field reference structural surface in the step 8)
Performing on-site direct shear test to obtain the length of the engineering site as
And a laboratory derived length of
The shear strength value of the structural surface is contrastively analyzed, the formula (2) is corrected, and the shear strength T of the engineering field structural surface is obtained f Is following K f Repeating the step 6) to obtain the mutation point K Tf ；
T f ＝f 4 (K f ) (4)
10 According to equation (4) and mutation point K Tf And the shear strength of the engineering field oversized structural plane can be evaluated.
The shear strength evaluation method for the engineering field oversized structural plane comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an engineering field oversized structural surface to be evaluated, carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning on the structural surface of the exposed part to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the structural surface, and carrying out high-precision fusion, denoising, coordinate conversion and other work to synthesize the surface morphology of the engineering field oversized structural surface;
2) Intercepting the appearance of the structural surface with the series of sizes, the length of which is 5-300 cm (the interval is 5 cm), the width of which is 50cm and the like in the step 1), and manufacturing an original structural surface sample which is consistent with the geometric information and the mechanical property of the original rock structural surface by utilizing a three-dimensional numerical control engraving technology;
3) Carrying out the series size structural surface sample direct shear test by using a structural surface size effect shear tester, and measuring the shear strength parameter of the structural surface;
4) Carrying out dimensionless treatment on the length of the structural surface by taking the length of the structural surface of 5cm as a reference to obtain a standardized value of the length of the structural surface, as shown in a formula (1);
in the formula, K l The length standardized value of the structural surface is 1-60, and no dimension exists; l is l For each structural face length;
the length of the reference structure surface in the laboratory;
5) Fitting the data in the step 3) and the step 4) by utilizing a ployfit command in MATLAB to obtain the shear strength T of the structural surface l With K l Such as formula (2);
T l ＝f 1 (K l ) (2)
6) Carrying out first-order derivation processing on the function of the formula (2) by using diff command in MATLAB to find the catastrophe point K of the function slope in the formula (2) Tl ；
7) According to the structural surface size L of the project site to be evaluated f Calculating and obtaining the size central point L required by the shear test on the engineering site according to the formula (3) fT In [ L ] fT -50cm,L fT +50cm]Selecting N (N is more than or equal to 5) 50cm equal-width structural surfaces within the length range, and carrying out a field shear test to obtain the shear strength parameters of the structural surfaces;
in the formula, K Tl Is the mutation point of the corresponding function in the formula (2);
8) Based on self-similarityPerforming cyclic iteration processing on the shear strength and the length of the structural surface in the step 7) by using MATLAB (matrix laboratory) by using the functional relation in the step 5) as comparison to find the length of the engineering site reference structural surface
9) According to the length of the engineering field reference structural surface in the step 8)
Performing on-site direct shear test to obtain the length of the engineering site as
And a laboratory-acquired length of
The shear strength value of the structural surface is contrastively analyzed, the formula (2) is corrected, and the shear strength T of the engineering field structural surface is obtained f Is following K f Repeating the step 6) to obtain the mutation point K Tf ；
T f ＝f 4 (K f ) (4)
10 According to equation (4) and mutation point K Tf And the shear strength of the engineering field oversized structural plane can be evaluated.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. A shear strength evaluation method for an engineering field oversized structural plane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Selecting an engineering field oversized structural surface to be evaluated, carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning on the structural surface of the exposed part to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the structural surface, and synthesizing the surface appearance of the engineering field oversized structural surface through high-precision fusion, denoising and coordinate conversion;
2) Intercepting the appearance of the series dimension structural surface with the set length interval and the same width in the step 1), wherein the set length interval is arranged at equal intervals by taking the length of a laboratory reference structural surface as a reference, and the interval length is the length of the laboratory reference structural surface;
3) Carrying out the series size structural surface sample direct shear test by using a structural surface size effect shear tester, and measuring the shear strength parameter of the structural surface;
4) Taking the length of a reference structure surface of a laboratory as a reference, and carrying out dimensionless treatment on the length of the structure surface to obtain a standardized value of the length of the structure surface, as shown in a formula (1);
in the formula, K l The length of the structural surface is a standardized value and is dimensionless; l is l For each structural face length;
the length of a reference structure surface in a laboratory;
5) Fitting the data in the step 3) and the step 4) by utilizing a ployfit command in MATLAB to obtain the shear strength T of the structural surface l With K l Such as formula (2);
T l ＝f 1 (K l ) (2)
6) Carrying out first-order derivation processing on the function of the formula (2) by using diff command in MATLAB to find the catastrophe point K of the function slope in the formula (2) Tl ；
7) According to the structural surface size L of the project site to be evaluated f Calculating and obtaining the requirements of the shear test on the engineering site according to the formula (3)Center point of dimension L fT In [ L ] fT -M,L fT +M]Selecting N equal-width structural surfaces within the length range, and carrying out a field shearing test to obtain the shearing strength parameters of the structural surfaces, wherein the value range of M is 40-60 cm;
in the formula, K Tl Is the mutation point of the corresponding function in the formula (2);
8) Based on the self-similarity principle, the function relation in the step 5) is used as comparison, and the MATLAB is used for carrying out cyclic iteration processing on the shear strength and the length of the structural surface in the step 7) to find the length of the engineering site reference structural surface
9) According to the length of the engineering field reference structural surface in the step 8)
Performing on-site direct shear test to obtain the length of the engineering site as
And a laboratory-acquired length of
The shear strength value of the structural surface is contrastively analyzed, the formula (2) is corrected, and the shear strength T of the engineering field structural surface is obtained f K, with K f Repeating the step 6) to obtain the mutation point K Tf ；
T f ＝f 4 (K f ) (4)
10 According to equation (4) and mutation point K Tf And the shear strength of the engineering field oversized structural plane can be evaluated.
2. The shear strength evaluation method for the oversized structural plane in the engineering site as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the shapes of the structural planes with the series of dimensions, such as the length of 5cm to 300cm, the width of 50cm and the like in the step 1) are intercepted, and the structural planes with the series of dimensions, the length of 5cm to 300cm, are arranged at intervals of 5 cm.
3. The method for evaluating shear strength of oversized structural face in engineering site as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 7), in [ L ] fT -50cm,L fT +50cm]N50 cm equal-width structural surfaces are selected within the length range, and N is more than or equal to 5.
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