CN112903082A - Device and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H5/00—Measuring propagation velocity of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. of pressure waves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature, and belongs to the technical field of sound velocity measurement. The ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave detection device comprises a heating device, a longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block and an ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave detection system; one end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is a heating end, and the other end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is a detection end; the heating end is of a step structure, the end face of the detection end is parallel to the step face of the step structure, the heating end is connected with the heating device, and the end face of the detection end is connected with the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system through the couplant layer. The invention can complete the measurement of the longitudinal wave sound velocity at different preset temperatures by adopting an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system and a coupling agent at normal temperature; the operability is strong, and the measurement result is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound velocity measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature.
Background
The ultrasonic detection is one of the main methods of the conventional nondestructive detection, has a series of advantages of high sensitivity, high detection efficiency, low cost, no harm to human bodies and the like, and has a very wide application range. Ultrasonic inspection is usually performed by a contact method at normal temperature, and features of internal defects of a workpiece are judged by analyzing echo signals. With the continuous maturity of ultrasonic detection technology, the online detection and monitoring of high-temperature equipment is an important development direction in the future. The sound velocity is an important parameter in ultrasonic detection, and has a great influence on the accuracy of defect positioning. The sound velocity can change along with the change of factors such as the characteristic of a medium, the temperature of the medium and the like, the influence of the temperature on the sound velocity is mostly based on theoretical analysis at present, the experimental tests of a system are few, and the measurement of the sound velocity at high temperature is rare in domestic and foreign documents.
A longitudinal wave is a type of ultrasonic wave propagating in a medium, and when it propagates in a medium, the vibration direction of a mass point is the same as the propagation direction of the wave. Any elastic medium can generate elastic force when the volume changes, so that longitudinal waves can be transmitted in any elastic medium, and the longitudinal waves are easy to generate and receive, so that the longitudinal waves are widely applied to industrial flaw detection. The longitudinal wave sound velocity at normal temperature is easy to measure, but when the conventional contact method is adopted for measurement in a high-temperature environment, the echo attenuation of the ultrasonic transducer is very serious, and the couplant can volatilize or generate chemical reaction, so that the measurement accuracy is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for measuring the sound velocity of a longitudinal wave at a high temperature, which can accurately measure the sound velocity of the longitudinal wave at the high temperature.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature, which comprises a heating device, a longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block and an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system, wherein the heating device is used for heating the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block;
one end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is a heating end, and the other end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is a detection end; the heating end is of a step structure, the end face of the detection end is parallel to the step face of the step structure, the heating end is connected with the heating device, and the end face of the detection end is connected with the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system through the couplant layer.
Preferably, the heating device is an oven.
Preferably, the step structure is a second order step.
Preferably, the length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block is 1000-1200 mm, and the length of the heating end is 1/4 of the total length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block.
Preferably, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system comprises an ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer, an ultrasonic module and an oscilloscope, wherein the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer is connected with the end face of the detection end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block through a coupling agent layer, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer is connected with the ultrasonic module, and the ultrasonic module is connected with the oscilloscope.
Preferably, the detection end and the heating end of the longitudinal sound velocity measurement test block are respectively provided with a temperature detection device.
The invention discloses a method for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity by adopting the device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature, which comprises the following steps:
the step structure of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is heated to a preset temperature through a heating device, the temperature is kept constant, meanwhile, the temperature of the detection end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is smaller than the detection temperature, longitudinal waves emitted by an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system generate two reflection echoes when the longitudinal waves propagate to two end faces of the step structure of the heating end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block, the two reflection echoes are converted into two reflection echo signals through the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system is moved to find the position where the amplitudes of the two echo signals are the highest, the time difference between the two reflection echo signals with the highest amplitudes is measured through the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system, and then the sound velocity of the longitudinal waves at the preset temperature is calculated according to the time difference and the distance between the two end faces in the step structure on the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block.
Preferably, the detection temperature is 50 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature, which adopts a heating device to heat a step structure of a longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block to a preset temperature, two reflection echoes are generated when a longitudinal wave emitted by an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system is transmitted to two end faces of the step structure at the heating end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block, the time difference between two reflection echo signals with the highest wave amplitude is measured by the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system, and then the sound velocity of the longitudinal wave at the preset temperature can be calculated according to the time difference and the distance between the two end faces in the step structure on the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block. Because the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block has a certain length, when one end of the step structure is heated to a preset high temperature, the temperature of the detection end can meet the requirement of normal temperature detection, and the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement at different preset temperatures can be completed by adopting an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system and a coupling agent at normal temperature; the operability is strong, and the measurement result is accurate.
Furthermore, the heating device adopts a thermostat, and is simple and convenient to operate.
Furthermore, the length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block with the length of the heating end being the total length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block is 1000-1200 mm, and the length of the heating end being 1/4 of the total length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block, so that the temperature of the heating end can reach a preset high temperature, and meanwhile, the temperature of the detection end can meet the requirement of normal temperature detection.
Furthermore, the detection end and the heating end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block are respectively provided with a temperature detection device, so that the temperature values of the detection end and the heating end can be monitored in real time, the temperature of the heating end is guaranteed to meet the measurement requirement, data are provided for the temperature control of the heating device, the temperature of the detection end is guaranteed to meet the requirement, and the sensitivity of echo is guaranteed.
The method for measuring the sound velocity by adopting the device for measuring the sound velocity of the longitudinal wave at the high temperature can accurately measure the sound velocity of the longitudinal wave at the high temperature, and has strong operability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block.
In the figure: 1-a heating device, 2-a longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block, 3-an ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer, 4-an ultrasonic module and 5-an oscilloscope.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting:
referring to fig. 1, the device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature of the present invention comprises a heating device 1, a longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block 2 and an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system; one end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block 2 is a heating end, and the other end is a detection end; the heating end is of a step structure, such as a second-order step; the end face of the detection end is parallel to the step face of the step structure, and the heating end is connected with the heating device 1. The ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system comprises an ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3, an ultrasonic module 4 and an oscilloscope 5, wherein the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3 is connected with the end face of the detection end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block 2 through a coupling agent layer, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3 is connected with the ultrasonic module 4, and the ultrasonic module 4 is connected with the oscilloscope 5.
The heating device 1 is preferably an oven.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the longitudinal sound velocity measurement test block 2 is 1000 to 1200mm, and the length of the heating end is 1/4 of the total length of the longitudinal sound velocity measurement test block 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detecting end and the heating end of the longitudinal sound velocity measuring block 2 are respectively provided with a temperature detecting device.
Because the couplant layer and the ultrasonic longitudinal transducer 3 are not arranged in the heating device 1, the problem of tolerance of the couplant is avoided, and the problem that the echo sensitivity of the ultrasonic longitudinal transducer 3 can be greatly reduced in a high-temperature environment is also avoided.
The method for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity by adopting the device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature comprises the following steps:
the step-shaped structure of the heating end is heated to a preset temperature through the constant temperature box 1, the constant temperature is kept, meanwhile, the temperature of the detection end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block 2 is enabled to be less than 50 ℃, an electric signal generated by the ultrasonic module 4 is sent to the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3 converts the electric signal into longitudinal waves, the longitudinal wave is transmitted to the step structure through the inside of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block 2 and is reflected to form two echo waves, the two echo waves are converted into two echo signals through the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3, the ultrasonic module 4 receives the two echo signals, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer 3 is moved to find the position where the amplitudes of the two echo signals are the highest, the oscilloscope 5 measures the time difference between the two echo signals with the highest amplitudes, and calculating the sound velocity of the longitudinal wave at the preset temperature according to the difference between the two echo signals and the distance between the two step end surfaces in the step structure.
In a specific embodiment of the invention:
referring to fig. 2, the propagation times of two end surface echoes of the step-like structure on the longitudinal sound velocity measurement test block 2 at a predetermined temperature are t1And t2The time difference Δ t between the two echoes is t1-t2The linear expansion coefficient of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block 2 at a preset temperature is α, and the linear expansion amount Δ l between the two end faces of the stepped structure on the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block 2 is (l ═ l)1–l2) X α, the total distance l of the longitudinal wave propagating between the two end faces of the stepped structure on the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement block 2 is 2 × (l1–l2+ Δ l), the sound velocity c of the longitudinal wave at the predetermined temperaturet＝l/Δt，l1And l2Respectively the distance between the flat surface and the two end surfaces in the step-shaped structure.
It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made to the system described in the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may substitute similar alternatives for the specific embodiments described, all without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity under high temperature is characterized by comprising a heating device (1), a longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring test block (2) and an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system;
one end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block (2) is a heating end, and the other end is a detection end; the heating end is of a step structure, the end face of the detection end is parallel to the step face of the step structure, the heating end is connected with the heating device (1), and the end face of the detection end is connected with the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system through the couplant layer.
2. Device for measuring the longitudinal sound velocity at high temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating device (1) is an incubator.
3. The apparatus for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperatures according to claim 1, wherein the step structure is a second order step.
4. The apparatus for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperatures according to claim 1, wherein the length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring block (2) is 1000 to 1200mm, and the length of the heating end is 1/4 of the total length of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measuring block (2).
5. The device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system comprises an ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer (3), an ultrasonic module (4) and an oscilloscope (5), the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer (3) is connected with the end face of the detection end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block (2) through a coupling agent layer, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer (3) is connected with the ultrasonic module (4), and the ultrasonic module (4) is connected with the oscilloscope (5).
6. The apparatus for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperatures according to claim 1, wherein the detection end and the heating end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement block (2) are provided with temperature detection means, respectively.
7. The method for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity by using the device for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity at the high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the step structure of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block (2) is heated to a preset temperature through the heating device (1) and is kept at a constant temperature, meanwhile, the temperature of the detection end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block (2) is lower than the detection temperature, two reflection echoes are generated when the longitudinal wave transmitted by the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system is transmitted to two end surfaces of the step structure of the heating end of the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block (2), the two reflection echoes are converted into two reflection echo signals by the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system is moved to find the position with the highest amplitude of the two echo signals, the time difference between two highest-amplitude reflection echo signals is measured by an ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection system, and then calculating the sound velocity of the longitudinal wave at the preset temperature according to the time difference and the distance between two end faces in the step-shaped structure on the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement test block (2).
8. The method for longitudinal sound velocity measurement using an apparatus for measuring longitudinal sound velocity at high temperatures according to claim 7, wherein the detection temperature is 50 ℃.
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| CN109959477A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of GIS disc insulator epoxy test block internal stress ultrasonic longitudinal wave detection method and system |
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| CN112268958A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-26 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures |
| CN112268959A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-26 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring ultrasonic plate wave attenuation coefficients at different temperatures |
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2021
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| JPH05288728A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-11-02 | Toshiba Corp | Measuring apparatus for ultrasonic wave sound speed |
| JP2001194137A (en) * | 2000-01-17 | 2001-07-19 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Non-contact measuring method and apparatus for material thickness |
| CN102636249A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 河北省电力研究院 | Method for measuring acoustic velocity of material by using surface wave |
| CN102636576A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 河北省电力研究院 | Measuring method for delay and leading edge of sound-transmission-wedge surface wave probe |
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Application publication date: 20210604 |