CN112903007A - Bridge cable health diagnosis on-line monitoring system based on fiber grating sensor - Google Patents
Bridge cable health diagnosis on-line monitoring system based on fiber grating sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system based on a fiber grating sensor, which comprises the fiber grating sensor, a wireless demodulation system and an upper computer, wherein the fiber grating sensor is arranged in a cable; the fiber grating sensor comprises: the device is used for monitoring the cable force of the bridge cable and the temperature and humidity in the cable body; the wireless demodulation system: the optical fiber grating sensor is interconnected and communicated with the optical fiber grating sensor and is used for acquiring and wirelessly sending the measured value of the optical fiber grating sensor; the upper computer: the wireless demodulation system is interconnected and communicated with the wireless demodulation system, and is used for receiving and demodulating the cable force and temperature and humidity information of the bridge cable in real time on line, performing temperature compensation on the humidity, performing visual display on the temperature and humidity data after compensation calculation, and providing a bridge dehumidification early warning function. The problem of sensor's built-in installation problem and humiture are sensitive alternately has been solved to this application, realizes three parameter simultaneous monitoring of bridge cable power, temperature, humidity, realizes bridge cable automatic health diagnosis and maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system based on a fiber grating sensor, and belongs to the technical field of fiber sensing monitoring.
Background
The real-time monitoring of the health state of the bridge is vital, the potential safety hazard of the bridge can be found in advance, and the occurrence of accidents is avoided. The bridge cable is an important component of a bridge, and generally needs to monitor the cable force, the temperature and the humidity of the bridge cable in real time. The traditional sensor for detecting the health state of the bridge cable still stays in the electronic sensor, and the sensor has certain limitation, is greatly influenced by the environment, needs power supply and short in service life, and is not beneficial to monitoring the state of the bridge cable for a long time. The fiber bragg grating sensor is used for replacing an electronic sensor, so that the defects can be avoided, the measurement accuracy is high, and the state of the bridge cable can be measured more effectively.
The fiber grating sensor has good durability and anti-electromagnetic interference, is suitable for long-term monitoring, and can realize point measurement and quasi-distributed measurement; and the wavelength is coded, so that absolute measurement can be conveniently realized. The fiber grating sensing technology has outstanding advantages in cable force monitoring and cable temperature measurement, but in practical engineering application, a plurality of problems exist. For example, bridge cable multi-parameter monitoring and data transmission problems, cross sensitivity problems with sensor temperature and humidity, etc., all affect the accuracy of cable detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an on-line bridge cable health diagnosis monitoring system based on a fiber bragg grating sensor, which is convenient for monitoring three parameters of bridge cable force and temperature and humidity inside a cable body; in addition, the temperature and humidity cross sensitivity problem of the sensor is solved, the temperature and the humidity inside the cable body of the cable can be accurately measured in real time, and the automatic diagnosis and maintenance of the bridge cable health are realized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system based on a fiber bragg grating sensor comprises the fiber bragg grating sensor, a wireless demodulation system and an upper computer, wherein the fiber bragg grating sensor is arranged in a cable;
the fiber grating sensor comprises: the device is used for monitoring the cable force of the bridge cable and the temperature and humidity in the cable body;
the wireless demodulation system: the optical fiber grating sensor is interconnected and communicated with the optical fiber grating sensor and is used for acquiring and wirelessly sending the measured value of the optical fiber grating sensor;
the upper computer: the wireless demodulation system is interconnected and communicated with the wireless demodulation system, and is used for receiving and demodulating the cable force and temperature and humidity information of the bridge cable in real time on line, performing temperature compensation on the humidity, performing visual display on the temperature and humidity data after compensation calculation, and providing an early warning function; the temperature-to-humidity compensation calculation formula is as follows:
temperature calculation formula:
T＝Ktemperature of(λT-λT0)+T0
T is the temperature to be measured of the temperature compensation terminal;
Ktemperature ofThe temperature coefficient of the temperature compensation terminal;
λTthe measured wavelength value of the temperature compensation terminal is obtained;
λT0for temperature compensation of terminal at initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0Initial wavelength value of;
T0is the initial temperature;
humidity calculation formula:
P＝Kwet(λMeasuring-λ0-KT(λT-λT0))+P0
P is the humidity to be measured of the humidity terminal;
KwetFor the humidity terminal at an initial temperature T0The humidity coefficient of (1);
λmeasuringThe measured wavelength value of the humidity terminal is obtained;
λ0for the humidity terminal at an initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0The lower corresponding initial wavelength value;
KTthe temperature compensation coefficient of the humidity terminal;
λTthe measured wavelength value of the temperature compensation terminal is obtained;
λT0for temperature compensation of terminal at initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0Initial wavelength value of;
P0is an initial temperature T0Initial humidity of the following.
The fiber grating sensor comprises a fiber grating cable force sensor and a fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor, the fiber grating cable force sensor is arranged on a parallel steel wire of the cable, the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in a sleeve of the cable, the sleeve is provided with an observation window, and the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor is visual.
Fiber grating cable force sensor is including being used for wearing to establish fiber grating's first protective tube, first protective tube one end is equipped with fixed terminal, the first protective tube other end is equipped with pre-tensioned terminal, fixed terminal and fixed terminal are worn to establish by fiber grating one end, the fiber grating other end is worn to establish pre-tensioned terminal and is fixed in pre-tensioned terminal, fixed terminal and pre-tensioned terminal the inner locate respectively in the first protective tube, fixed terminal and pre-tensioned terminal outer end connect the tail cover unit respectively, encapsulate fiber grating.
The tail sleeve unit comprises a tail sleeve and a tail sleeve terminal, and the tail sleeve is in threaded connection with the tail sleeve terminal.
The fixed terminal is provided with a limiting ring on the outer circumference, and one end of the first protection tube is abutted against the limiting ring.
The pre-tensioned terminal is provided with a pre-tensioned nut, the pre-tensioned nut is in threaded connection with the pre-tensioned terminal, and the other end of the first protection pipe abuts against the pre-tensioned nut.
Terminal grooves are respectively formed in the fixed terminal and the pre-tensioning terminal, and two ends of the fiber bragg grating are respectively arranged in the two terminal grooves.
An extension spring is arranged in the first protection tube, one end of the extension spring is abutted against a fixed terminal of the first protection tube, and the other end of the extension spring is abutted against a pre-tensioning terminal of the first protection tube.
The fiber bragg grating temperature and humidity sensor comprises a second protection tube, optical fibers are axially penetrated in the second protection tube and exposed out of the second protection tube, an armored sheath is arranged on the optical fibers of the second protection tube and fixed to the second protection tube through a sealing end cover, and a humidity terminal and a temperature compensation terminal are arranged in the second protection tube.
The second protection tube is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the second protection tube is hollow.
The wireless demodulation system comprises a fiber grating demodulation module and a DTU module, wherein the fiber grating demodulation module and the DTU module are powered by solar energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: a bridge cable health diagnosis on-line monitoring system based on a fiber grating sensor,
1. in order to solve the problem of cross sensitivity of the temperature and the humidity of the sensor, the system adopts a built-in temperature compensation mode, so that the problem of cross sensitivity of the temperature and the humidity of the sensor is solved, the temperature and the humidity are measured simultaneously, and the engineering application requirements of cables are met.
2. Bridge cables are limited by field power and communication, which adds difficulty to the signal transmission of fiber grating sensors. The system adopts a solar power supply mode and a wireless data transmission mode, and the wireless demodulation system adopts a low-power module, so that the requirement of all-weather online real-time monitoring of multiple parameters of the field bridge cable is met.
3. The system adopts a wireless networking mode, data are uploaded to the cloud end through 4G transmission, monitoring system software extracts the data from the cloud end, and a plurality of wireless demodulation systems are managed simultaneously. The monitoring system software adopts a B/S development technology, receives and demodulates a plurality of parameter information of the cable force and the temperature and humidity of the bridge cable on line in real time, displays the parameter information through data visualization and provides an early warning function. The system can be linked with a cable dehumidification system, so that the automatic health diagnosis and maintenance of the bridge cable are realized, the safe operation of the bridge is ensured, and the requirements of intelligent infrastructure construction in China are met.
4. The pre-tensioning device is convenient for pre-tensioning the fiber bragg grating in the fiber bragg grating cable force sensor, prevents the fiber bragg grating from being bent, and reduces the damage to the sensor in the transportation process and the installation process. And an extension spring is arranged between the fixed terminal and the pre-tensioned terminal, so that the fiber bragg grating is protected in an extension mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system based on a fiber grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the FBG cable force sensor of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the FBG temperature and humidity sensor of FIG. 1;
in the figure, 1 fiber grating cable force sensor, 1.1 first protection tube, 1.2 pre-tensioning terminal, 1.3 pre-tensioning nut, 1.4 tail sleeve, 1.5 tail sleeve terminal, 1.6 extension spring, 1.7 fixed terminal, 2 fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor, 2.1 second protection tube, 2.2 optical fiber, 2.3 humidity terminal, 2.4 temperature compensation terminal, 2.5 armored sheath, 2.6 sealing end cover, 3 parallel steel wire, 4 sleeve, 5 observation window, 6 fiber grating demodulation module, 7DTU module, 8 wireless demodulation system and 9 upper computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system based on the fiber grating sensor in the present embodiment includes a fiber grating sensor, a wireless demodulation system 8 and an upper computer 9. The fiber grating sensor comprises a fiber grating cable force sensor 1 and a fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2, the fiber grating cable force sensor 1 is arranged on parallel steel wires 3 in a cable body through a clamp unit, the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2 is arranged in a sleeve 4 of a cable, and the sleeve 4 is provided with an observation window 5 and used for realizing visualization of the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the fiber grating cable force sensor 1 includes a first protection tube 1.1 for passing the fiber grating, and two ends of the fiber grating are exposed out of the first protection tube 1.1. One end of the first protection tube 1.1 is provided with a fixed terminal 1.7, the inner end of the fixed terminal 1.7 is arranged in the first protection tube 1.1, the outer end of the fixed terminal 1.7 is provided with a terminal groove, one end of the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the fixed terminal 1.7 and is fixed in the terminal groove of the fixed terminal 1.7 through glue. The other end of the first protection tube 1.1 is provided with a pre-tensioning terminal 1.2, the inner end of the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2 is arranged in the first protection tube 1.1, a terminal groove is also formed in the outer end of the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2, the other end of the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2, and the fiber bragg grating is fixed in the terminal groove of the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2 through glue. The fixed terminal 1.7 outer end and the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2 outer end respectively with tail cover 1.4 threaded connection, and tail cover 1.4 still with tail cover terminal 1.5 threaded connection, encapsulate the fiber grating tail optical fiber, avoid the tail optical fiber to buckle, improve fiber grating's survival rate, improved fiber grating cable force sensor's life.
The outer circumference of the fixed terminal 1.7 is provided with a limit ring, and one end of the first protective tube 1.1 is propped against the limit ring. The pre-tensioning nut 1.3 is sleeved on the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2, the pre-tensioning nut 1.3 is in threaded connection with the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2, and the other end of the first protection pipe 1.1 abuts against the pre-tensioning nut 1.3. An extension spring 1.6 is arranged in the first protection tube 1.1, and the extension spring 1.6 is sleeved on the fiber grating. One end of the extension spring 1.6 is fixedly connected with the inner end of the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2 through glue, and the other end of the extension spring 1.6 is fixedly connected with the inner end of the fixed terminal 1.7 through glue. The pre-tensioning nut 1.3 is rotated to enable the pre-tensioning terminal 1.2 to move to drive the optical fiber grating to complete pre-tensioning, so that the pre-tensioning of the optical fiber grating is facilitated. The extension spring 1.6 has extension protection to the fiber grating, prevents that the fiber grating receives external force and damages.
This fiber grating wears to establish first protective tube, and the fiber grating both ends are glued and are fixed in the terminal recess of pre-tensioning terminal and fixed terminal, through tail cover and tail cover terminal to fiber grating tail optical fiber encapsulation, prevent that the tail optical fiber from buckling, have reduced the sensor transportation and have taken place the damage. The cable stress is firstly transmitted to the fixed terminal and the pre-tensioned terminal and then transmitted to the fiber grating, so that the wavelength of the fiber grating is changed.
As shown in fig. 3, the fiber bragg grating temperature and humidity sensor 2 includes a second protection tube 2.1, an optical fiber 2.2 axially penetrates through the second protection tube 2.1, an armored sheath 2.5 is disposed on the optical fiber 2.2 exposed out of the second protection tube 2.1, and the armored sheath 2.5 is fixed to the second protection tube 2.1 through a sealing end cap 2.6 to seal the second protection tube 2.1. The second protection tube 2.1 is internally provided with a humidity terminal 2.3 and a temperature compensation terminal 2.4.
Set up a plurality of through-holes on above-mentioned second protection tube 2.1 for second protection tube 2.1 is the fretwork form, has increased the contact passageway of fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2 with steam, has improved humidity corresponding time.
Fiber grating cable force sensor 1: the device is used for monitoring the cable force of the bridge cable.
Fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2: the device is used for monitoring the temperature and the humidity inside the bridge cable body.
The wireless demodulation system 8 comprises a fiber grating demodulation module 6 and a DTU module 7: and the device is interconnected and communicated with the fiber grating cable force sensor 1 and the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2, and is used for acquiring and wirelessly sending the measured values of the fiber grating cable force sensor 1 and the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor 2.
An upper computer 9: and the wireless demodulation system 8 is interconnected and communicated with the wireless demodulation system, and is used for receiving and demodulating the cable force and temperature and humidity information of the bridge cable in real time on line, performing temperature compensation on the humidity, performing visual display on the temperature and humidity data after compensation calculation, and providing an early warning function.
Wherein, the temperature calculation formula is as follows:
T＝Ktemperature of(λT-λT0)+T0
T is the temperature to be measured of the temperature compensation terminal;
Ktemperature ofThe temperature coefficient of the temperature compensation terminal;
λTthe measured wavelength value of the temperature compensation terminal is obtained;
λT0for temperature compensation of terminal at initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0Initial wavelength value of;
T0is the initial temperature.
In the formula KTemperature ofThe temperature is changed, the wavelength values of the corresponding temperature compensation terminals at different temperatures are recorded, a curve coefficient is fitted through a data curve, and the reciprocal of the curve coefficient is the temperature coefficient of the temperature compensation terminal, which is specifically referred to in table one.
Humidity calculation formula:
P＝Kwet(λMeasuring-λ0-KT(λT-λT0))+P0
P is the humidity to be measured of the humidity terminal;
KwetFor the humidity terminal at an initial temperature T0The humidity coefficient of (1);
λmeasuringThe measured wavelength value of the humidity terminal is obtained;
λ0for the humidity terminal at an initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0The lower corresponding initial wavelength value;
KTthe temperature compensation coefficient of the humidity terminal;
λTthe measured wavelength value of the temperature compensation terminal is obtained;
λT0is warmThe compensation terminal is at an initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0Initial wavelength value of;
P0is an initial temperature T0Initial humidity of the following.
In the above formula KWetBy at an initial temperature T0Changing humidity, recording wavelength values of corresponding humidity terminals under different humidities, fitting a curve coefficient through a data curve, wherein the reciprocal of the curve coefficient is the initial temperature T of the humidity terminal0The humidity coefficient of (1); kTRecording the wavelength value of a humidity terminal and the wavelength value of a temperature compensation terminal corresponding to different temperatures by changing the temperature, fitting a curve coefficient of the humidity terminal and a curve coefficient of the temperature compensation terminal through a data curve, wherein the ratio of the curve coefficient of the humidity terminal to the curve coefficient of the temperature compensation terminal is the temperature compensation coefficient K of the humidity terminalTSee table one for details.
In order to solve the problem of cross sensitivity of the temperature and the humidity of the sensor, the system adopts a built-in temperature compensation mode, so that the problem of cross sensitivity of the temperature and the humidity of the sensor is solved, the temperature and the humidity are measured simultaneously, and the engineering application requirements of cables are met.
Bridge cables are limited by field power and communication, which adds difficulty to the signal transmission of fiber grating sensors. In order to solve the problem of practical engineering application, the system adopts a solar power supply mode and a wireless data transmission mode, and the wireless demodulation system adopts a low-power-consumption module, so that the requirement of all-weather online real-time monitoring on multiple parameters of a field bridge cable is met.
The system adopts a wireless networking mode, data are uploaded to the cloud end through 4G transmission, monitoring system software extracts the data from the cloud end, and a plurality of wireless demodulation systems are managed simultaneously. The monitoring system software adopts a B/S development technology, receives and demodulates the cable force and temperature and humidity information of the bridge cable on line in real time, displays the cable force and temperature and humidity information through data visualization, and provides an early warning function. The system can be linked with a cable dehumidification system, so that the automatic health diagnosis and maintenance of the bridge cable are realized, the safe operation of the bridge is ensured, and the requirements of intelligent infrastructure construction in China are met.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a bridge cable health diagnosis on-line monitoring system based on fiber grating sensor which characterized in that: the optical fiber grating sensor is arranged in a cable rope and comprises an optical fiber grating sensor, a wireless demodulation system (8) and an upper computer (9);
the fiber grating sensor comprises: the device is used for monitoring the cable force of the bridge cable and the temperature and humidity in the cable body;
the wireless demodulation system (8): the optical fiber grating sensor is interconnected and communicated with the optical fiber grating sensor and is used for acquiring and wirelessly sending the measured value of the optical fiber grating sensor;
the upper computer (9): the wireless demodulation system (8) is interconnected and communicated with the wireless demodulation system, and is used for receiving and demodulating the cable force and temperature and humidity information of the bridge cable in real time on line, performing temperature compensation on the humidity, performing visual display on the temperature and humidity data after compensation calculation, and providing an early warning function; the temperature-to-humidity compensation calculation formula is as follows:
temperature calculation formula:
T＝Ktemperature of(λT-λT0)+T0
T is the temperature to be measured of the temperature compensation terminal;
Ktemperature ofThe temperature coefficient of the temperature compensation terminal;
λTthe measured wavelength value of the temperature compensation terminal is obtained;
λT0for temperature compensation of terminal at initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0Initial wavelength value of;
T0is the initial temperature;
humidity calculation formula:
P＝Kwet(λMeasuring-λ0-KT(λT-λT0))+P0
P is the humidity to be measured of the humidity terminal;
KwetFor the humidity terminal at an initial temperature T0The humidity coefficient of (1);
λmeasuringThe measured wavelength value of the humidity terminal is obtained;
λ0for the humidity terminal at an initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0The lower corresponding initial wavelength value;
KTthe temperature compensation coefficient of the humidity terminal;
λTthe measured wavelength value of the temperature compensation terminal is obtained;
λT0for temperature compensation of terminal at initial temperature T0And an initial humidity P0Initial wavelength value of;
P0is an initial temperature T0Initial humidity of the following.
2. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the fiber grating sensor comprises a fiber grating cable force sensor (1) and a fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor (2), the fiber grating cable force sensor (1) is arranged on a parallel steel wire (3) of a cable, the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor (2) is arranged in a sleeve (4) of the cable, and the sleeve (4) is provided with an observation window (5) for realizing visualization of the fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor (2).
3. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: fiber grating cable force sensor (1) is including first protection tube (1.1) that is used for wearing to establish fiber grating, protection tube (1.1) one end is equipped with fixed terminal (1.7), the other end of first protection tube (1.1) is equipped with pretension terminal (1.2), fixed terminal (1.7) are worn to establish and are fixed in fixed terminal (1.7) to fiber grating one end, the fiber grating other end is worn to establish pretension terminal (1.2) and is fixed in pretension terminal (1.2), fixed terminal (1.7) and pretension terminal (1.2) inner are located respectively in first protection tube (1.1), tail cover unit is connected respectively to fixed terminal (1.7) and pretension terminal (1.2) outer end, encapsulates fiber grating.
4. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the tail sleeve unit comprises a tail sleeve (1.4) and a tail sleeve terminal (1.5), and the tail sleeve (1.4) is in threaded connection with the tail sleeve terminal (1.5).
5. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the outer circumference of the fixed terminal (1.7) is provided with a limiting ring, and one end of the first protection tube (1.1) is propped against the limiting ring.
6. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the pre-tensioning terminal is characterized in that a pre-tensioning nut (1.3) is arranged on the pre-tensioning terminal (1.2), the pre-tensioning nut (1.3) is in threaded connection with the pre-tensioning terminal (1.2), and the other end of the first protection pipe (1.1) abuts against the pre-tensioning nut (1.3).
7. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: terminal grooves are respectively formed in the fixed terminal (1.7) and the pre-tensioning terminal (1.2), and two ends of the fiber bragg grating are respectively arranged in the terminal grooves.
8. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: an extension spring (1.6) is arranged in the first protection tube (1.1), one end of the extension spring (1.6) abuts against a fixed terminal (1.7) of the first protection tube (1.1), and the other end of the extension spring (1.6) abuts against a pre-tensioning terminal (1.2) of the first protection tube (1.1).
9. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: fiber grating temperature and humidity sensor (2) include second protection tube (2.1), wear to establish optic fibre (2.2) along the axial in second protection tube (2.1), expose be equipped with armor sheath (2.5) on optic fibre (2.2) of second protection tube (2.1), just it is fixed through end cover (2.6) between armor sheath (2.5) and second protection tube (2.1), intraductal humidity terminal (2.3) and the warm-up terminal (2.4) that are equipped with of second protection tube (2.5).
10. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 9, wherein: the second protection pipe (2.1) is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the second protection pipe (2.1) is hollow.
11. The fiber grating sensor-based bridge cable health diagnosis online monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the wireless demodulation system (8) comprises a fiber grating demodulation module (6) and a DTU module (7), wherein the fiber grating demodulation module (6) and the DTU module (7) are powered by solar energy.
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