CN112902135B - A method for selecting water supply bypass capacity based on frequency modulation of water supply bypass - Google Patents
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法,包括以下步骤:以机组变负荷需求为目标,获取调频需求的给水旁路流量;以机组锅炉烟气脱硝达标为边界,确定烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值;根据调频需求的给水旁路流量及烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值确定满足火电机组给水调频和脱硝效果的给水旁路容量,完成给水旁路容量的选取,该方法以机组调频需求为基础,同时考虑对脱硝影响实现给水旁路容量的选取。
The invention discloses a method for selecting a water supply bypass capacity based on the frequency regulation of a water supply bypass. The method comprises the following steps: taking the variable load demand of the unit as the target, and obtaining the water supply bypass flow required by the frequency regulation; Determine the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow for flue gas denitrification; determine the feedwater bypass capacity that meets the frequency regulation and denitrification effects of the thermal power unit according to the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow required by frequency regulation and the feedwater bypass flow for flue gas denitrification, and complete the water supply For the selection of bypass capacity, this method is based on the frequency regulation demand of the unit, and at the same time considers the impact on denitrification to realize the selection of the bypass capacity of the feed water.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于火力发电技术调频调峰领域,涉及一种基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法。The invention belongs to the field of thermal power generation technology frequency regulation and peak regulation, and relates to a water supply bypass capacity selection method based on water supply bypass frequency regulation.
背景技术Background technique
新能源在为我们提供大量清洁电力同时,也给电网的安全运行和电力供应保障带来了巨大挑战。目前,国内绝大多数汽轮发电机组是通过高压调节阀节流来实现调频,由于对蒸汽的节流是一种不可逆的损失,因此造成机组运行经济性的下降,对于采用节流调节方式的汽轮机来说,这种下降更为显著。While new energy provides us with a large amount of clean electricity, it also brings great challenges to the safe operation of the power grid and the guarantee of power supply. At present, the vast majority of domestic steam turbine generator sets realize frequency regulation by throttling the high-pressure regulating valve. Since the throttling of steam is an irreversible loss, the economical operation of the unit is reduced. For steam turbines, the decline is even more pronounced.
各种辅助功率调节技术的研究一直是有关科学技术人员关注的焦点。旁路给水通过快速改变流经高加的给水量,实现高加抽汽量相应变化,从而使在汽轮机高、中压缸做功的蒸汽量发生变化、机组短时输出功率变化,其本质是利用锅炉省煤器的蓄能。给水旁路一般不具备调节能力,故需配套增设给水调节旁路。事实上,旁路给水调节负荷响应快、调节能力大、控制策略简单,是众多辅助调频手段中,是对机组改动最小,经济性影响最小的技术路线之一,目前已有少量机组试点应用。The research of various auxiliary power regulation technologies has always been the focus of the concerned scientific and technical personnel. By rapidly changing the amount of feed water flowing through the high-pressure feed water, the high-pressure extraction steam volume changes accordingly, so that the amount of steam working in the high and medium pressure cylinders of the steam turbine changes, and the short-term output power of the unit changes. Energy storage of boiler economizers. The water supply bypass generally does not have the ability to adjust, so it is necessary to add a water supply adjustment bypass. In fact, the bypass feedwater regulation load response is fast, the regulation capacity is large, and the control strategy is simple. Among the many auxiliary frequency regulation methods, it is one of the technical routes with the smallest changes to the unit and the smallest economic impact. At present, a small number of units have been pilot applications.
然而给水调频的给水旁路容量目前没有合适的选择方式,且未考虑给水调频之后对锅炉烟气脱硝的影响。因此有必要给出以机组调频需求为基础,综合考虑对脱硝影响的给水旁路容量选取方法。However, there is currently no suitable selection method for the feedwater bypass capacity of feedwater frequency regulation, and the impact on boiler flue gas denitrification after feedwater frequency regulation is not considered. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for selecting the capacity of the feedwater bypass based on the frequency regulation demand of the unit and comprehensively considering the impact on denitrification.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点,提供了一种基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法,该方法以机组调频需求为基础,同时考虑对脱硝影响实现给水旁路容量的选取。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a method for selecting the capacity of the feedwater bypass based on the frequency regulation of the feedwater bypass. Select.
为达到上述目的,本发明所述的基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法包括以下步骤:In order to achieve the above object, the method for selecting the water supply bypass capacity based on the frequency modulation of the water supply bypass according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
以机组变负荷需求为目标,获取调频需求的给水旁路流量;Taking the variable load demand of the unit as the goal, obtain the feedwater bypass flow required by frequency regulation;
以机组锅炉烟气脱硝达标为边界,确定烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值;The maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow for flue gas denitrification is determined based on the boundary of the unit boiler flue gas denitration reaching the standard;
根据调频需求的给水旁路流量及烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值确定满足火电机组给水调频和脱硝效果的给水旁路容量,完成给水旁路容量的选取。According to the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow required by frequency regulation and the feedwater bypass flow of flue gas denitrification, the feedwater bypass capacity that meets the frequency regulation and denitration effects of thermal power units is determined, and the selection of feedwater bypass capacity is completed.
调频需求的给水旁路流量ΔQ为:The feedwater bypass flow ΔQ required by frequency regulation is:
其中,ΔQ为给水旁路流量,ΔH为变负荷量,r为高压加热器序号,n为压力最高一级高压加热器的序号,tr为第r级加热器出口的给水焓值,t5为第1级高压加热器入口的给水焓值,ηr为第r级加热器的抽汽效率。Among them, ΔQ is the feedwater bypass flow, ΔH is the variable load, r is the serial number of the high-pressure heater, n is the serial number of the highest-pressure high-pressure heater, t r is the feed water enthalpy value at the outlet of the r-th stage heater, t 5 is the feed water enthalpy at the inlet of the first stage high pressure heater, and η r is the extraction efficiency of the rth stage heater.
第r级加热器抽汽效率ηr为:The extraction efficiency η r of the r-th stage heater is:
其中,Hr为加热器r对应的抽汽等效焓降,qr为1kg抽汽在加热器r中的放热量。Among them, H r is the equivalent enthalpy drop of the extraction steam corresponding to the heater r, and q r is the heat release of 1 kg of extraction steam in the heater r.
机组给水旁路的流量满足:The flow rate of the feed water bypass of the unit satisfies:
Ty-ΔTy≥TSCR (3)T y -ΔT y ≥T SCR (3)
其中,Ty为给水旁路投运前SCR入口烟温,ΔTy为给水旁路投运前后SCR入口烟温降低值,TSCR为SCR达标要求的入口烟温最小值。Among them, Ty is the SCR inlet flue gas temperature before the feed water bypass is put into operation, ΔT y is the drop value of the SCR inlet flue gas temperature before and after the feed water bypass is put into operation, and T SCR is the minimum inlet flue temperature required for the SCR to reach the standard.
给水旁路投运前后SCR入口烟温降低值ΔTy为:The reduction value ΔT y of the flue gas temperature at the SCR inlet before and after the feedwater bypass is put into operation is:
其中,T1为高压加热器出口的给水温度,T3为给水旁路投运后主给水温度。Among them, T1 is the feedwater temperature at the outlet of the high pressure heater, and T3 is the main feedwater temperature after the feedwater bypass is put into operation.
给水旁路投运后主给水温度T3通过给水旁路给水的焓值确定,给水旁路给水的焓值与通过旁路的给水流量存在式(5)所示热量平衡:After the feedwater bypass is put into operation, the main feedwater temperature T3 is determined by the enthalpy value of the feedwater bypass. The enthalpy value of the feedwater bypass and the feedwater flow through the bypass have a heat balance as shown in formula (5):
h1*(Q-ΔQ)+h2*ΔQ=h3*Q(5)h 1 *(Q-ΔQ)+h 2 *ΔQ=h 3 *Q(5)
其中,Q为主给水流量,h1为高压加热器出口的给水焓值,h2为给水旁路投运后给水旁路出口的给水焓值,h3为给水旁路投运后主给水焓值。Among them, Q is the main feed water flow, h 1 is the feed water enthalpy value of the outlet of the high pressure heater, h 2 is the feed water enthalpy value of the feed water bypass outlet after the feed water bypass is put into operation, h 3 is the main feed water enthalpy after the feed water bypass is put into operation value.
根据式(5)得调频需求的给水旁路流量ΔQ为:According to formula (5), the feedwater bypass flow ΔQ required by frequency regulation is:
根据式(3)~式(6),以SCR要求的入口烟温为边界,计算给水旁路流量的最大值。According to equations (3) to (6), the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow is calculated with the inlet flue gas temperature required by the SCR as the boundary.
本发明具有以下有益效果:The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明所述的基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法在具体操作时,以机组变负荷需求为目标,获取调频需求的给水旁路流量,以机组锅炉烟气脱硝达标为边界,确定烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值,再调频需求的给水旁路流量及烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值确定满足火电机组给水调频和脱硝效果的给水旁路容量,从而在满足机组调频需求的基础上,考虑对脱硝影响完成给水旁路容量的选取。The method for selecting the capacity of the feedwater bypass based on the frequency regulation of the feedwater bypass according to the present invention, in the specific operation, takes the variable load demand of the unit as the target, obtains the feedwater bypass flow required by the frequency regulation, and takes the boiler flue gas denitrification of the unit as the boundary to determine the The maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow rate for flue gas denitrification, the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow rate for re-frequency regulation and the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow rate for flue gas denitrification determine the feedwater bypass capacity that meets the frequency regulation and denitrification effects of thermal power units. On the basis of the frequency regulation demand of the unit, the selection of the water supply bypass capacity is completed considering the influence of denitrification.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
其中,1为锅炉,2为脱硝系统,3为给水旁路系统,4为主给水系统,5为汽轮发电机组,6为电网。Among them, 1 is the boiler, 2 is the denitration system, 3 is the feed water bypass system, 4 is the main feed water system, 5 is the steam turbine generator set, and 6 is the power grid.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
参考图1,本发明所述基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法同时考虑给水调频过程中给水的流量变化对机组负荷和机组脱硝效果的影响;以机组变负荷需求为目标,计算给水旁路的流量;以机组锅炉烟气脱硝达标为边界,给出满足烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量上限。Referring to Fig. 1, the method for selecting the capacity of the water supply bypass based on the frequency regulation of the water supply bypass according to the present invention simultaneously considers the influence of the flow change of the water supply on the unit load and the unit denitrification effect during the water supply frequency regulation process; The flow rate of the bypass; the upper limit of the bypass flow rate of the feedwater that meets the flue gas denitrification is given based on the boundary of the unit boiler flue gas denitration reaching the standard.
本发明所述的基于给水旁路调频的给水旁路容量选取方法包括以下步骤:The method for selecting the water supply bypass capacity based on the frequency modulation of the water supply bypass according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
以机组变负荷需求为目标,获取调频需求的给水旁路流量;Taking the variable load demand of the unit as the goal, obtain the feedwater bypass flow required by frequency regulation;
以机组锅炉烟气脱硝达标为边界,确定烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值;The maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow for flue gas denitrification is determined based on the boundary of the unit boiler flue gas denitration reaching the standard;
根据调频需求的给水旁路流量及烟气脱硝的给水旁路流量的最大值确定满足火电机组给水调频和脱硝效果的给水旁路容量,完成给水旁路容量的选取。According to the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow required by frequency regulation and the feedwater bypass flow of flue gas denitrification, the feedwater bypass capacity that meets the frequency regulation and denitration effects of thermal power units is determined, and the selection of feedwater bypass capacity is completed.
调频需求的给水旁路流量ΔQ为:The feedwater bypass flow ΔQ required by frequency regulation is:
其中,ΔQ为给水旁路流量,ΔH为变负荷量,r为高压加热器序号,n为压力最高一级高压加热器的序号,tr为第r级加热器出口的给水焓值,t5为第1级高压加热器入口的给水焓值,ηr为第r级加热器的抽汽效率。Among them, ΔQ is the feedwater bypass flow, ΔH is the variable load, r is the serial number of the high-pressure heater, n is the serial number of the highest-pressure high-pressure heater, t r is the feed water enthalpy value at the outlet of the r-th stage heater, t 5 is the feed water enthalpy at the inlet of the first stage high pressure heater, and η r is the extraction efficiency of the rth stage heater.
第r级加热器抽汽效率ηr为:The extraction efficiency η r of the r-th stage heater is:
其中,Hr为加热器r对应的抽汽等效焓降,qr为1kg抽汽在加热器r中的放热量。Among them, H r is the equivalent enthalpy drop of the extraction steam corresponding to the heater r, and q r is the heat release of 1 kg of extraction steam in the heater r.
机组给水旁路的流量满足:The flow rate of the feed water bypass of the unit satisfies:
Ty-ΔTy≥TSCR (3)T y -ΔT y ≥T SCR (3)
其中,Ty为给水旁路投运前SCR入口烟温,ΔTy为给水旁路投运前后SCR入口烟温降低值,TSCR为SCR达标要求的入口烟温最小值。Among them, Ty is the SCR inlet flue gas temperature before the feed water bypass is put into operation, ΔT y is the drop value of the SCR inlet flue gas temperature before and after the feed water bypass is put into operation, and T SCR is the minimum inlet flue temperature required for the SCR to reach the standard.
给水旁路投运前后SCR入口烟温降低值ΔTy为:The reduction value ΔT y of the flue gas temperature at the SCR inlet before and after the feedwater bypass is put into operation is:
其中,T1为高压加热器出口的给水温度,T3为给水旁路投运后主给水温度。Among them, T1 is the feedwater temperature at the outlet of the high pressure heater, and T3 is the main feedwater temperature after the feedwater bypass is put into operation.
给水旁路投运后主给水温度T3通过给水旁路给水的焓值确定,给水旁路给水的焓值与通过旁路的给水流量存在式(5)所示热量平衡:After the feedwater bypass is put into operation, the main feedwater temperature T3 is determined by the enthalpy value of the feedwater bypass. The enthalpy value of the feedwater bypass and the feedwater flow through the bypass have a heat balance as shown in formula (5):
h1*(Q-ΔQ)+h2*ΔQ=h3*Q (5)h 1 *(Q-ΔQ)+h 2 *ΔQ=h 3 *Q (5)
其中,Q为主给水流量,h1为高压加热器出口的给水焓值,h2为给水旁路投运后给水旁路出口的给水焓值,h3为给水旁路投运后主给水焓值。Among them, Q is the main feed water flow, h 1 is the feed water enthalpy value of the outlet of the high pressure heater, h 2 is the feed water enthalpy value of the feed water bypass outlet after the feed water bypass is put into operation, h 3 is the main feed water enthalpy after the feed water bypass is put into operation value.
根据式(5)得调频需求的给水旁路流量ΔQ为:According to formula (5), the feedwater bypass flow ΔQ required by frequency regulation is:
根据式(3)~式(6),以SCR要求的入口烟温为边界,计算给水旁路流量的最大值。According to equations (3) to (6), the maximum value of the feedwater bypass flow is calculated with the inlet flue gas temperature required by the SCR as the boundary.
利用本发明选取的给水旁路容量,可以在满足机组调频的基础之上,不影响锅炉烟气脱硝效果,保证机组在的安全稳定运行。Using the water supply bypass capacity selected by the present invention can satisfy the frequency regulation of the unit without affecting the denitrification effect of the boiler flue gas and ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit.
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