CN112901283B - Multistage suction air film cooling hole structure of bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure - Google Patents
Multistage suction air film cooling hole structure of bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112901283B CN112901283B CN202110241878.4A CN202110241878A CN112901283B CN 112901283 B CN112901283 B CN 112901283B CN 202110241878 A CN202110241878 A CN 202110241878A CN 112901283 B CN112901283 B CN 112901283B
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- cooling hole
- boss
- bat ray
- pit structure
- type bionic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/186—Film cooling
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage air-breathing film cooling hole structure of a bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure, which comprises: a bat ray type bionic boss, a pit structure, a main cooling hole and a multi-stage suction channel. Wherein the shape of the simulated bat ray boss is similar to that of a marine organism bat ray; the pit structure is positioned at the downstream of the bat ray type bionic boss; the outlet of the main cooling hole is positioned on the bottom surface of the pit structure, and the inlet of the main cooling hole is positioned in the cold air supply cavity; the inlet of the multi-stage suction channel is positioned on the leeward side wall surface of the main cooling hole, and the outlet of the multi-stage suction channel is positioned in the cold air suction cavity; the pressure of the cold air supply cavity is higher than that of the cold air suction cavity. The film cooling hole structure can simultaneously increase the flow direction and the transverse coverage range of the cooling film, and can cool a target wall surface with a larger area under the same cold air consumption condition. The invention can be applied to the air film cooling of high-temperature parts of gas turbines and aeroengines, and improves the safety and the economical efficiency of unit operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas turbines and aero-engines, and relates to a multistage air-suction film cooling hole structure similar to a simulated boss and pit structure of a manta ray body type.
Background
The gas turbine is an important high-tech power device and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, ships, power generation and the like. In order to improve the output power and the cycle efficiency of the gas turbine, the inlet temperature of the gas turbine is continuously increased, and the inlet temperature of the turbine of the current aircraft engine is up to 2000K and is far higher than the allowable temperature of high-temperature component materials. Therefore, the efficient cooling technology has very important academic significance and engineering application value for improving the operation safety and the economical efficiency of high-temperature parts of the gas turbine and the aircraft engine. The high-temperature component cooling technology mainly comprises divergent cooling, impingement cooling, film cooling and the like. Among them, film cooling is a cooling technique for isolating the wall surface of a hot-end component from a high-temperature main stream by using a cooling film. The cooling air flow flows out from the cooling holes or the cooling slots on the wall surface and spreads on the high-temperature wall surface under the drive of the main flow to form a cooling air film. However, due to the complex interaction between the main flow and the cooling flow, the cooling film gradually rises and separates from the wall surface downstream of the cooling holes, and the cooling effect gradually decreases. When the traditional circular cooling hole is adopted, due to the stream contraction effect at the inlet of the cooling hole, the boundary layer on the leeward side of the cooling hole along the way is gradually thickened, so that the flow velocity of cooling flow is increased, the stripping tendency of a cooling air film is increased, and the coverage range of the flow direction and the transverse direction (the direction vertical to the flow direction) of the wall surface is very limited.
In order to increase the coverage and cooling efficiency of the cooling film, various cooling hole structures have been proposed by research institutes and industry, such as: a rotary cooling hole taking a parabola as a generatrix, a conical cooling hole, a sister cooling hole, a cooling hole with an inlet fillet and the like. The rotating cooling holes and the conical cooling holes which take the parabola as the generatrix can increase the flow area of the outlet of the cooling holes and reduce the flow speed of the cooling flow. Sister cooling holes can simultaneously generate cooling flows with two different flow directions. Cooling holes with rounded inlet corners may reduce the cooling flow rate at the cooling hole inlet.
These cooling hole configurations can increase the cooling film coverage and cooling efficiency to some extent compared to conventional circular cooling holes. However, these cooling hole structures have a limited effect on the lateral (direction perpendicular to the flow direction) expansion of the cooling air film, and thus the interaction between the main flow and the cooling flow cannot be effectively controlled, the lifting of the cooling flow is suppressed, and the thickening of the boundary layer on the leeward side of the cooling hole cannot be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure with a bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure, which can effectively increase the transverse coverage range of a cooling air film, inhibit the lifting of the cooling air film and simultaneously damage the boundary layer on the leeward side of the cooling hole.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multistage suction air film cooling hole structure of bionic boss of bat ray type and pit structure, includes: the bat ray type bionic boss comprises a bat ray type bionic boss, a pit structure, a main cooling hole and a multi-stage suction channel;
the bat ray type bionic boss is positioned on the target wall surface; the outlet of the pit structure is positioned on the target wall surface, and the bat ray type bionic boss is positioned at the upstream of the pit structure; the outlet of the main cooling hole is positioned on the bottom surface of the pit structure, and the inlet of the main cooling hole is positioned in the cold air supply cavity; the inlet of the multistage suction channel is positioned on the wall of the leeward side hole of the main cooling hole, and the outlet of the multistage suction channel is positioned in the cold air suction cavity; the pressure of the cold air suction chamber is lower than that of the cold air supply chamber.
The invention has the further improvement that the shape of the simulated bat ray-shaped boss is similar to that of a marine organism bat ray, the windward side of the simulated bat ray-shaped boss is tangent to the target wall surface, and the leeward side of the simulated bat ray-shaped boss is bent towards the windward direction.
The invention has the further improvement that the width of the simulated bat ray boss is larger than that of the pit structure, and the axis of the simulated bat ray boss is superposed with that of the pit structure.
The invention has the further improvement that the contour line of the pit structure is the enlargement of the outlet molded line of the main cooling hole, and the leeward side and the corner of the contour line of the pit structure adopt arc transition.
A further improvement of the invention is that the angle between the axis of the main cooling hole and the target wall surface is 20 ° to 35 °.
A further development of the invention is that the main cooling holes and the multistage suction channel are round holes or rectangular slits.
A further development of the invention is that the axis of the main cooling hole intersects the axis of the multistage suction channel.
The invention is further improved in that the projection of the axis of the main cooling hole, the axis of the multistage suction channel and the axis of the main cooling hole on the hole wall are positioned on the same plane.
In a further development of the invention, there are a plurality of stages of the multistage suction channel, the sum of the widths of the suction channels of each stage in the axial direction of the main cooling hole being smaller than or equal to the axial length of the main cooling hole.
A further development of the invention is that the angle between the axis of the main cooling hole and the axis of the multistage suction channel is 30 ° to 90 °.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a multistage suction air film cooling hole structure with a bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure, which aims to increase the transverse coverage range of a cooling air film, inhibit the lifting of the cooling air film and simultaneously destroy the boundary layer on the leeward side of a cooling hole. A bat ray is a fish that lives in tropical or subtropical sea areas, with a flat body and pectoral fins like wings. The bat ray has special body type, can shunt seawater to two sides, and reduces resistance when swimming. In addition, the disturbance to the seawater when the bat ray swims is small, and the flow state change of the seawater behind the bat ray is small. Based on the above, the invention adds a bat ray type bionic boss at the upstream of the cooling hole to control the interaction between the main flow and the cooling flow. Because the shape of the boss is similar to that of the bat ray, the disturbance to the main flow is small, the main flow can smoothly flow through the boss and change the flow state, the lifting of the cooling air film is inhibited, and the flow direction coverage range of the cooling air film is enlarged. Meanwhile, the bat ray type bionic boss can divide the main flow to two sides, and the transverse (direction perpendicular to the flow direction) coverage range of the cooling air film is enlarged. The pit structure at the outlet of the main cooling hole can enable cooling flow to generate secondary expansion, reduce the cooling flow amount and simultaneously generate a vortex structure, and further reduce the lifting of a cooling air film. The multistage suction channel on the leeward side of the main cooling hole can inhibit the thickening of the cooling flow on the leeward side of the cooling hole through multiple suction effects, reduce the flow velocity of the cooling flow and enable the cooling flow to be tightly attached to the target wall surface after flowing out. Compared with the prior art, the invention can simultaneously increase the flow direction and the transverse coverage range of the cooling air film, and can cool the target wall surface with larger area under the condition of the same cooling flow. The invention can be applied to the air film cooling of high-temperature hot end components of gas turbines and aeroengines, prevents the high-temperature components from losing efficacy due to ablation or thermal fatigue in the operation process, prolongs the service life of the high-temperature components, and improves the safety and the economical efficiency of the unit operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure of a bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bat ray type bionic boss and a pit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a multi-stage pumping channel of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure of a manta-type bionic boss and dimple structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 4(B) is a cross-section a-a of fig. 4(a), and fig. 4(c) is a cross-section B-B of fig. 4 (a);
fig. 5 is an effect diagram of a multi-stage air-breathing film cooling hole structure of a bat-ray type bionic boss and pit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of a cooling air mold, and fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a cooling flow in the multi-stage air-breathing film cooling hole structure.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a bat ray type bionic boss; 2. a pit structure; 3. a main cooling hole; 4. a multi-stage suction channel; 5. a cold air supply chamber; 6. a cold air suction chamber; 7. the target wall surface.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and effects of the present invention, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention without limiting its scope. On the basis of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without any inventive work shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a multi-stage aspirating air film cooling hole structure of a bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure of the present invention comprises: a bat ray type bionic boss 1, a pit structure 2, a main cooling hole 3 and a multi-stage suction channel 4. Wherein, the simulated bat ray boss 1 is designed to imitate the shape of the bat ray, the windward side is tangent with the target wall surface, the leeward side is bent towards the windward direction, and the axial line is superposed with the axial line of the pit structure 2; the pit structure 2 is arranged at the downstream of the bat ray type bionic boss 1, and the width of the pit structure is smaller than that of the bat ray type bionic boss 1; the main cooling hole 3 is an expanding hole, the outlet of the main cooling hole is positioned at the bottom surface of the pit structure 2, and the inlet of the main cooling hole is positioned in the cold air supply cavity 5; the inlet of the multistage suction channel 4 is positioned on the leeward side wall surface of the main cooling hole 3, and the outlet of the multistage suction channel is positioned in the cold air suction cavity 6; the axis of the main cooling hole 3 intersects the axis of the multistage suction channel 4; the projections of the axes of the main cooling holes 3, the axes of the multistage suction channels 4 and the axes of the main cooling holes 3 on the hole wall are positioned on the same plane; the pressure of the cold air supply cavity 5 is higher than that of the cold air suction cavity 6, so that the multistage suction channels 4 can suck air to destroy a boundary layer on the leeward side of the main cooling hole 3.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the pit structure 2 is H. The contour line of the pit structure 2 is the enlargement of the outlet molded line of the main cooling hole 3, and the leeward side and the corner of the contour line of the pit structure 2 adopt circular arc transition.
In the embodiment of the invention, the main cooling hole 3 is an expansion hole and is divided into an inlet section and an expansion section, and compared with the traditional round hole, the expansion hole has better cooling effect. Inlet section length L of main cooling hole 31Equal to 2.5 times of the diameter D of the inlet section and the length L of the expansion section2Equal to 3.5 times the diameter D of the inducer. The expansion section expands in three directions with expansion angles of gamma1、γ2And gamma3Equal to 7. The angle α between the axis of the main cooling hole 3 and the target wall surface 7 is equal to 30 °.
In the embodiment of the invention, for convenience of processing, the multi-stage suction channels 4 are rectangular slits, the number of stages is 3, the first stage suction channel is positioned at the inlet section of the main cooling hole 3, the second stage suction channel and the third stage suction channel are positioned at the expansion section of the main cooling hole 3 and are both vertical to the wall surface of the main cooling hole 3, so that the included angles between the axis of each stage suction channel and the axis of the main cooling hole 3 are respectively beta1Equal to 90 DEG, beta2Equal to 83 DEG, beta3Equal to 83 deg..
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the application of the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that, because the main flow behind the bat ray type bionic boss 1 has a velocity component pointing to the target wall surface 7, the cooling flow is not easy to be separated from the wall surface, and therefore the flow direction coverage range of the cooling air film is obviously enlarged. In addition, the main flow flows through the bat ray type bionic boss 1 and then is divided to two sides, and the transverse coverage range of the cooling air film is remarkably increased. The pit structure 2 enables the cooling flow to expand for the second time after flowing out, reduces the cooling flow quantity at the outlet, generates a vortex structure and reduces the lifting of the cooling flow. The multiple pumping action of the multistage pumping channel 4 inhibits the thickening of the cooling flow along the way at the lee side of the cooling hole, reduces the momentum of the cooling flow in the main cooling hole 3 and further increases the adherence of the cooling air film.
In summary, the present invention provides a multi-stage aspiration biofilm cooling hole structure of a bat ray type bionic boss and a pit structure, and the biofilm cooling hole structure is composed of a bat ray type bionic boss 1, a pit structure 2, a main cooling hole 3 and a multi-stage aspiration channel 4. The cooling hole structure can simultaneously increase the flow direction and the transverse coverage range of a cooling air film, can increase the cooling efficiency of the air film under the condition of unchanged cold air consumption, and improves the safety and the economical efficiency of the operation of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine and an aircraft engine.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the geometric parameters and operating conditions of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a multistage suction air film cooling hole structure of bionic boss of bat ray type and pit structure, its characterized in that includes: a bat ray type bionic boss (1), a pit structure (2), a main cooling hole (3) and a multi-stage suction channel (4);
the bat ray type bionic boss (1) is positioned on a target wall surface (7), the shape of the bat ray type bionic boss (1) is similar to that of a marine organism bat ray, the windward side of the bat ray type bionic boss is tangent to the target wall surface (7), and the leeward side is bent towards the windward direction; an outlet of the pit structure (2) is positioned on a target wall surface (7), a bat ray type bionic boss (1) is positioned at the upstream of the pit structure (2), the width of the bat ray type bionic boss (1) is larger than that of the pit structure (2), and the axis of the bat ray type bionic boss (1) is superposed with that of the pit structure (2); the outlet of the main cooling hole (3) is positioned on the bottom surface of the pit structure (2), and the inlet of the main cooling hole (3) is positioned in the cold air supply cavity (5); the inlet of the multistage suction channel (4) is positioned on the wall of the leeward side hole of the main cooling hole (3), and the outlet of the multistage suction channel (4) is positioned in the cold air suction cavity (6); the pressure of the cold air suction cavity (6) is lower than that of the cold air supply cavity (5).
2. The multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure of the bat ray-shaped bionic boss and pit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contour line of the pit structure (2) is an enlargement of the exit profile of the main cooling hole (3), and the leeward side and the corner of the contour line of the pit structure (2) adopt circular arc transition.
3. The multi-stage aspirant film cooling hole structure of a manta ray-type bionic boss and dimple structure according to claim 1, wherein an angle between an axis of the main cooling hole (3) and the target wall surface (7) is 20 ° to 35 °.
4. The multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure of the bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main cooling hole (3) and the multi-stage suction channel (4) are circular holes or rectangular slits.
5. The multi-stage aspirant film cooling hole structure of a manta ray-type bionic boss and pit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axis of the main cooling hole (3) intersects with the axis of the multi-stage aspiration channel (4).
6. The multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure of the bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projections of the axis of the main cooling hole (3), the axis of the multi-stage suction channel (4) and the axis of the main cooling hole (3) on the hole wall are located on the same plane.
7. The multi-stage suction breathing film cooling hole structure of the bat ray type bionic boss and dimple structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of stages of the multi-stage suction channel (4) is multiple, and the sum of the widths of each stage of suction channel in the axial direction of the main cooling hole (3) is less than or equal to the axial length of the main cooling hole (3).
8. The multi-stage suction air film cooling hole structure of a bat ray type bionic boss and dimple structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the axis of the main cooling hole (3) and the axis of the multi-stage suction channel (4) is 30 ° to 90 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110241878.4A CN112901283B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Multistage suction air film cooling hole structure of bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110241878.4A CN112901283B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Multistage suction air film cooling hole structure of bat ray type bionic boss and pit structure |
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| CN112901283A CN112901283A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN112901283B true CN112901283B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN113623015A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-09 | 清华大学 | Sectional type air film cooling hole and design method thereof |
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| GB1438229A (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1976-06-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Porous sheet adapted to be cooled by fluid flow |
| GB2310896A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Air cooled wall |
| US7556476B1 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2009-07-07 | Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. | Turbine airfoil with multiple near wall compartment cooling |
| CN112031877A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 天津理工大学 | Expanding-direction asymmetric pit air film cooling hole pattern |
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| US6129515A (en) * | 1992-11-20 | 2000-10-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Turbine airfoil suction aided film cooling means |
| US6383602B1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 2002-05-07 | General Electric Company | Method for improving the cooling effectiveness of a gaseous coolant stream which flows through a substrate, and related articles of manufacture |
| FR2927356B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2013-03-01 | Snecma | AUBES FOR WHEEL WITH TURBOMACHINE AUBES WITH GROOVE FOR COOLING. |
| KR101239595B1 (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2013-03-05 | 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 | Turbine stator vane and gas turbine |
| GB201315078D0 (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Blade or vane arrangement for a gas turbine engine |
| CN103452595A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-18 | 青岛科技大学 | Novel air film hole with improved cooling efficiency |
| US9957808B2 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2018-05-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Airfoil leading edge film array |
| CN110529191A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-03 | 上海电气燃气轮机有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the cooling structure of turbine cooling effect |
| CN110700896B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-09-01 | 四川大学 | Gas turbine rotor blade with swirl impingement cooling structure |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1438229A (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1976-06-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Porous sheet adapted to be cooled by fluid flow |
| GB2310896A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Air cooled wall |
| US7556476B1 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2009-07-07 | Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. | Turbine airfoil with multiple near wall compartment cooling |
| CN112031877A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 天津理工大学 | Expanding-direction asymmetric pit air film cooling hole pattern |
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