CN112899764A - Electroplating production process and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Electroplating production process and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112899764A CN112899764A CN202110107075.XA CN202110107075A CN112899764A CN 112899764 A CN112899764 A CN 112899764A CN 202110107075 A CN202110107075 A CN 202110107075A CN 112899764 A CN112899764 A CN 112899764A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/10—Agitating of electrolytes; Moving of racks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/02—Tanks; Installations therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/06—Suspending or supporting devices for articles to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/12—Process control or regulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electroplating production process and equipment thereof, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: s1, acid leaching and rust removing; s2, polishing the workpiece; s3, ultrasonic cleaning; s4, standing and drying; s5, cleaning the electroplating bath; s6, checking and placing the plating metal; s7, pouring electroplating solution; s8, fixing the workpiece; s9, switching on a power supply; and S10, taking out the electroplated workpiece. The equipment comprises a support frame, an electroplating device and a collecting tank. In practical application, the electroplating mechanism can be selected according to the specific size of the workpiece, the electroplating position and the electroplating depth can be adjusted independently in the electroplating process, and free metal ions of the electroplating solution are activated by stirring the electroplating solution, so that the uniformity of the coating thickness on the surface of the workpiece is improved, and the electroplating mechanism has high practicability and market competitiveness; can electroplate a plurality of work pieces simultaneously, improve whole production efficiency. The problems that the electroplating depth is difficult to regulate and control and the coating thickness is difficult to ensure uniformity are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electroplating production, and particularly relates to an electroplating production process and equipment thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of the technology, the metal processing technology is more and more mature, wherein metal plating is a very common metal processing technology.
Electroplating is a process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of some metals by using the principle of electrolysis, and is a process of attaching a layer of metal film on the surface of a metal or other material product by using the action of electrolysis, thereby having the effects of preventing metal oxidation (such as corrosion), improving wear resistance, conductivity, light reflection, corrosion resistance (such as copper sulfate and the like), enhancing the appearance and the like. The electroplating process is a method for laying a layer of metal on a conductor by utilizing the principle of electrolysis. Electroplating is a surface processing method in which cations of a pre-plated metal in a plating solution are deposited on the surface of a base metal by electrolysis using the base metal to be plated as a cathode in a salt solution containing the pre-plated metal to form a plating layer.
The plating performance is different from that of the base metal, and has new characteristics. The coating can be divided into protective coating, decorative coating and other functional coatings according to the functions of the coatings.
During electroplating, plating metal or other insoluble materials are used as an anode, a workpiece to be plated is used as a cathode, and cations of the plating metal are reduced on the surface of the workpiece to be plated to form a plating layer. Can enhance the corrosion resistance of metal (the plating metal is mostly corrosion-resistant metal), increase the hardness, prevent abrasion, improve the conductivity, the smoothness, the heat resistance and the beautiful surface.
The existing electroplating process and electroplating equipment generally completely immerse the whole workpiece to be electroplated in the electroplating solution, and for some workpieces with specific electroplating requirements in practical application, electroplating needs to be carried out at specific positions, so that the electroplating depth needs to be accurately controlled. Moreover, the uneven distribution of metal ions in the electroplating solution easily causes the uneven thickness of the final coating film, thereby influencing the use of the subsequent electroplating workpiece. Therefore, the design of an electroplating process and electroplating equipment which can adjust the electroplating depth according to the electroplating position and improve the uniformity of the coating thickness meets the actual requirement.
In order to solve the problems, an electroplating production process and equipment thereof are designed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electroplating production process and equipment thereof, which solve the problems that the electroplating depth is difficult to regulate and control and the coating thickness is difficult to ensure uniformity in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an electroplating production process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution to remove an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after the cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
Further, in the step S1, the soaking time is controlled to be 30-50 min, and the acid solution is one of hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 10% -12% and nitric acid solution with the concentration of 12% -15%.
Further, in the step S3, the cleaning time is controlled to be 30-40 min.
Further, in the step S4, the drying temperature is controlled to be 55-70 ℃, and the drying time is 15-25 min.
The utility model provides an electroplate production technology's equipment, includes the support frame, the collecting vat has been placed on the support frame, the fixed electroplating device that is equipped with on the support frame, the electroplating device is arranged in directly over the collecting vat, the electroplating device include with support frame fixed connection's plating bath, the fixed first motor that is equipped with of one end of plating bath, the fixed first lead screw cover that is equipped with the symmetry setting in both sides of plating bath, the fixed second lead screw cover that is equipped with the symmetry setting in other both sides of plating bath, the fixed second motor that is equipped with in upper end of first lead screw cover, the fixed third motor that is equipped with in upper end of second lead screw cover, the fixed liquid groove that is equipped with of lower extreme of plating bath.
The electroplating bath is characterized in that first reinforcing rods are fixedly arranged at two ends of the electroplating bath, one end of each first reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with a first lead screw sleeve, second reinforcing rods are fixedly arranged at the other two ends of the electroplating bath, and one end of each second reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with a second lead screw sleeve.
The first screw rod sleeve is internally provided with a first screw rod which is connected in a rotating mode, the output end of the second motor is communicated with the first screw rod sleeve and is fixedly connected with the first screw rod, and the first screw rod penetrates through the first cross rod and is in threaded fit with the first cross rod.
And a second screw rod which is rotatably connected is arranged in the second screw rod sleeve, and the output end of the third motor is communicated with the second screw rod sleeve and is fixedly connected with the second screw rod. And the second screw rod penetrates through the U-shaped rod and is in threaded fit with the U-shaped rod.
The electroplating bath is characterized in that a first guide groove and a second guide groove which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the electroplating bath, partition plates are placed in the first guide groove and the second guide groove and are in sliding connection with the first guide groove and the second guide groove, and fourth through grooves which are symmetrically arranged are formed in the partition plates.
The inner wall of the electroplating bath is fixedly provided with a fixing part for placing the plating metal, a stirring rod connected in a rotating mode is arranged in the electroplating bath, and the stirring rod penetrates through the fourth through groove.
Further, a first connecting rod is fixedly arranged between the adjacent first screw rod sleeves, a sealing plate in sliding connection is arranged on the liquid outlet groove, a handle is fixedly arranged on the sealing plate, the electroplating bath is communicated with the liquid outlet groove, a liquid outlet is formed in the liquid outlet groove, and the sealing plate is symmetrically arranged relative to the liquid outlet groove.
Furthermore, a second cross rod is fixedly arranged between the first cross rods and fixedly connected with the upper ends of the first arch rods, the lower ends of the first arch rods are fixedly connected with the first placing fence, the two ends of the first placing fence are symmetrically provided with a large-sized workpiece placing groove and a first through groove which are distributed in an array manner, and the other two ends of the first placing fence are symmetrically provided with a second through groove which is distributed in an array manner.
Further, the fixed montant that is equipped with the symmetry and sets up of lower extreme of U type pole, the lower extreme of montant and the upper end fixed connection of second arch pole, the lower extreme and the second of second arch pole place the upper end fixed connection of fence, the second is placed the side of fence and is equipped with the third logical groove of array distribution.
Furthermore, the puddler includes the pivot of being connected with the plating bath rotation, the output intercommunication plating bath of first motor to with pivot fixed connection, the fixed disc that is equipped with the symmetry in the pivot, the fixed puddler that bends that is equipped with the circumference array of one end of disc, the fixed curved surface flabellum that is equipped with in one end of the puddler of bending.
Further, be equipped with array distribution between the disc with pivot fixed connection's first adapter sleeve, two at spaced fixed semicircle ring that is equipped with between the first adapter sleeve, the fixed arc flabellum that is equipped with on the semicircle ring, be equipped with the micropore on the arc flabellum, the fixed second adapter sleeve that is equipped with in the middle of the positive of pivot, the fixed arc puddler that is equipped with symmetry setting and circumference array on the second adapter sleeve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the electroplating production process and the equipment thereof, in practical application, a specific and applicable electroplating mechanism can be selected according to the size of a specific workpiece, the position and the depth of electroplating can be adjusted independently in the electroplating process, and free metal ions of the electroplating solution are activated by stirring the electroplating solution, so that the uniformity of the thickness of the coating film on the surface of the workpiece is improved, and the electroplating production process and the equipment thereof have strong practicability and market competitiveness;
2. the electroplating production process and the equipment thereof can be used for electroplating a plurality of workpieces simultaneously, so that the overall production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an overall process flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall production facility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electroplating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of an electroplating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom structure diagram of an electroplating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an electroplating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the stirring rod of the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening," "upper," "lower," "thickness," "top," "middle," "length," "inner," "peripheral," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced component or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an electroplating production process includes the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution to remove an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after the cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
An electroplating production process comprises the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution, removing an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and controlling the soaking time to be 30min, wherein the acid solution is a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and the cleaning time is controlled to be 30 min;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃, and the drying time is 20 min;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
Example 2
An electroplating production process comprises the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution, removing an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and controlling the soaking time to be 50min, wherein the acid solution is a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 15%;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and the cleaning time is controlled to be 40 min;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃, and the drying time is 15 min;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
Example 3
An electroplating production process comprises the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution, removing an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and controlling the soaking time to be 40min, wherein the acid solution is a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 12%;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and the cleaning time is controlled to be 35 min;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 65 ℃, and the drying time is 22 min;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
Example 4
An electroplating production process comprises the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution, removing an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and controlling the soaking time to be 45min, wherein the acid solution is a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 12%;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and the cleaning time is controlled to be 35 min;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, and the drying time is 25 min;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
The invention is further illustrated below by means of a few comparative examples.
Comparative example 1
S1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution, removing an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and controlling the soaking time to be 45min, wherein the acid solution is a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 20%;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and the cleaning time is controlled to be 35 min;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, and the drying time is 25 min;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
Comparative example 2
S1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution, removing an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece, and controlling the soaking time to be 45min, wherein the acid solution is a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 15%;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and the cleaning time is controlled to be 35 min;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, and the drying time is 25 min;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating bath, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
The performance of the electroplated workpieces according to the above examples and comparative examples is tested, and the test results are shown in table 1 below.
| Example (A) | Acid solution | Whether or not the plating solution is stirred | Whether the coating film is uniform or not | Whether the workpiece is corroded |
| Example 1 | Hydrochloric acid of 10% concentration | Is that | Is that | Whether or not |
| Example 2 | Nitric acid of 15% concentration | Is that | Is that | Whether or not |
| Example 3 | Hydrochloric acid of 12% concentration | Is that | Is that | Whether or not |
| Example 4 | Nitric acid of 12% concentration | Is that | Is that | Whether or not |
| Comparative example 1 | Nitric acid of 20% concentration | Is that | Is that | Is that |
| Comparative example 2 | Nitric acid of 15% concentration | Whether or not | Whether or not | Whether or not |
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the activity of the free metal ions in the electrolyte and the concentration of the rust removing acid solution during electroplating all have a certain effect on the final electroplating result.
As shown in FIG. 2, the equipment suitable for the electroplating production process comprises a support frame 1, wherein a collecting tank 3 is placed on the support frame 1, an electroplating device 2 is fixedly arranged on the support frame 1, and the electroplating device 2 is placed right above the collecting tank 3. The electroplating device 2 comprises an electroplating bath 21 fixedly connected with the support frame 1, a first motor 22 is fixedly arranged at one end of the electroplating bath 21, first screw rod sleeves 23 which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly arranged on two sides of the electroplating bath 21, second screw rod sleeves 24 which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly arranged on the other two sides of the electroplating bath 21, a second motor 25 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each first screw rod sleeve 23, and a third motor 26 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each second screw rod sleeve 24. A liquid outlet groove 27 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the electroplating groove 21.
As shown in fig. 3, two ends of the plating tank 21 are fixedly provided with a first reinforcing rod 29, one end of the first reinforcing rod 29 is fixedly connected with the first screw rod sleeve 23, the other two ends of the plating tank 21 are fixedly provided with a second reinforcing rod 210, and one end of the second reinforcing rod 210 is fixedly connected with the second screw rod sleeve 24. A first connecting rod 28 is fixedly arranged between the adjacent first screw rod sleeves 23, a sealing plate 211 in sliding connection is arranged on the liquid outlet groove 27, and a handle 212 is fixedly arranged on the sealing plate 211. A first screw 213 connected in a rotating manner is arranged in the first screw sleeve 23, and the output end of the second motor 25 is communicated with the first screw sleeve 23 and fixedly connected with the first screw 213. The first screw rod 213 penetrates through the first cross rod 214 and is in threaded fit with the first cross rod 214, a second cross rod 215 is fixedly arranged between the first cross rods 214, the second cross rod 215 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a first arch rod 216, and the lower end of the first arch rod 216 is fixedly connected with a first placing fence 217.
As shown in fig. 4, a second screw 218 is rotatably connected in the second screw sleeve 24, and an output end of the third motor 26 is connected to the second screw sleeve 24 and is fixedly connected to the second screw 218. The second lead screw 218 penetrates through the U-shaped rod 219 and is in threaded fit with the U-shaped rod 219.
As shown in fig. 5, two ends of the first placement column 217 are symmetrically provided with large workpiece placement slots 220 and first through slots 221 distributed in an array, and the other two ends of the first placement column 217 are symmetrically provided with second through slots 222 distributed in an array.
As shown in fig. 6, symmetrically arranged vertical rods 223 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped rod 219, the lower end of the vertical rod 223 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a second arch-shaped rod 224, and the lower end of the second arch-shaped rod 224 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a second placing column 225. The side end of the second placing column 225 is provided with third through grooves 226 distributed in an array.
As shown in fig. 7, the plating tank 21 is communicated with a liquid outlet tank 27, a liquid outlet 227 is disposed on the liquid outlet tank 27, the sealing plate 211 is symmetrically disposed about the liquid outlet tank 27, and the liquid outlet tank 27 can be communicated with the outside by sliding the sealing plate 211.
As shown in fig. 8, a first guide groove 228 and a second guide groove 229 which are symmetrically arranged are fixed on the inner wall of the plating tank 21, a partition plate 230 is placed in the first guide groove 228 and the second guide groove 229, the partition plate 230 is slidably connected with the first guide groove 228 and the second guide groove 229, and a fourth through groove 232 which is symmetrically arranged is arranged on the partition plate 230. A fixing member 231 for placing the plating metal 233 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the plating tank 21, a stirring rod 234 rotatably connected with the plating tank 21 is arranged in the plating tank 21, and the stirring rod 234 penetrates through the fourth through-groove 232.
As shown in fig. 9, the stirring rod 234 includes a rotating shaft 2341 rotatably connected to the electroplating tank 21, and the output end of the first motor 22 is connected to the electroplating tank 21 and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2341. The rotary shaft 2341 is fixedly provided with disks 2342 which are symmetrically arranged, one end of each disk 2342 is fixedly provided with a bending stirring rod 2343 in a circumferential array, and one end of each bending stirring rod 2343 is fixedly provided with curved fan blades 2344. Be equipped with array distribution between the disc 2342 with pivot 2341 fixed connection's first connecting sleeve 2345, two at interval the fixed semicircle ring 2347 that is equipped with between the first connecting sleeve 2345, the fixed arc flabellum 2348 that is equipped with on the semicircle ring 2347, be equipped with the micropore on the arc flabellum 2348. The positive middle of pivot 2341 is fixed and is equipped with second adapter sleeve 2346, the fixed arc puddler 2349 that is equipped with symmetrical setting and circumference array on the second adapter sleeve 2346.
When the electroplating device is used, whether the partition plate 230 is placed or not is selected according to the size of a workpiece to be electroplated. If the workpiece is a small workpiece, the first guide groove 228 and the second guide groove 229 of the partition plate 230 are arranged, the small workpiece is arranged in the second arrangement column 225, the plating metal 233 is arranged in the fixing member 231, the anode of the external direct current power supply is connected with the plating metal 233, the cathode of the external direct current power supply is connected with the small workpiece, the power supply is connected, the sealing plate 211 is pulled to seal the liquid outlet groove 27, plating solution is injected into the plating groove 21, the first motor 22 is started to enable free metal ions in the plating solution to move, the plating thickness can be kept uniform during subsequent plating, and finally the third motor 26 is started according to the actual plating position to enable the small workpiece to be soaked in the plating solution for plating;
in the case where the work is a large-sized work, the partition plate 230 is removed, and then the large-sized work is placed in the first placement fence 217, it is necessary to note that the large-sized work is placed in the large-sized work placement groove 220 if the large-sized work is a long work. Then, preparation work is carried out according to the flow, and finally, the second motor 25 is started according to the actual electroplating position, so that the large workpiece is soaked in the electroplating solution for electroplating.
After the electroplating is completed, the power supply is turned off, the electroplated workpiece is taken out, and when the electroplating bath 21 needs to be cleaned, an operator pulls the handle 212 to pull out the sealing plate 211 for a certain distance, so that the electroplating solution flows from the liquid outlet 227 to the collecting tank 3.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. An electroplating production process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 acid leaching and rust removing
Soaking a workpiece to be electroplated in an acid solution to remove an oxide film on the surface of the workpiece;
s2, workpiece polishing
Polishing the surface of the acid-soaked workpiece, particularly polishing the workpiece finely at a specified electroplating position;
s3 ultrasonic cleaning
After polishing is finished, the workpiece is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning;
s4, standing and drying
Taking out the workpiece after the cleaning is finished, and placing the workpiece on a dryer to dry the moisture on the surface of the workpiece;
s5 cleaning electroplating bath
Repeatedly cleaning the electroplating bath by using clean water, and removing residues such as residual metal ions in the electroplating bath and electrolyzed cathode mud;
s6, checking and placing the plating metal
Checking the plating metal to determine whether the surface of the plating metal is wrapped by a compact oxide film, selecting the plating metal with good performance or without the oxide film, and fixing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s7 pouring the plating solution
Pouring the electroplating solution with excellent performance into the electroplating bath, and immersing the plating metal in the electroplating bath;
s8, fixing the workpiece
The dried workpiece is fixed, and the fixing mechanism not only can stably fix the workpiece, but also can adjust the height and adjust the subsequent electroplating depth;
s9, switching on the power supply
Connecting the positive electrode of an external direct current power supply with the plating metal, connecting the negative electrode of the external direct current power supply with a workpiece to be electroplated, placing the workpiece in an electroplating bath according to the actual electroplating position, soaking the workpiece in the electroplating solution, stirring the electroplating solution, and then switching on the power supply to start electroplating;
s10, taking out the electroplated workpiece
And taking out the workpiece after the electroplating is finished.
2. An electroplating production process according to claim 1, wherein the soaking time in S1 is controlled to be 30-50 min, and the acid solution is one of a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10-12% and a nitric acid solution with a concentration of 12-15%.
3. The electroplating production process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cleaning time in S3 is controlled to be 30-40 min.
4. The electroplating production process of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in S4 is controlled to be 55-70 ℃ and the drying time is controlled to be 15-25 min.
5. The equipment of electroplating production process according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising a support frame (1), wherein a collecting tank (3) is disposed on the support frame (1), an electroplating device (2) is fixedly disposed on the support frame (1), the electroplating device (2) is disposed right above the collecting tank (3), the electroplating device (2) comprises an electroplating bath (21) fixedly connected with the support frame (1), a first motor (22) is fixedly disposed at one end of the electroplating bath (21), first screw rod sleeves (23) symmetrically disposed are fixedly disposed at two sides of the electroplating bath (21), second screw rod sleeves (24) symmetrically disposed are fixedly disposed at two other sides of the electroplating bath (21), a second motor (25) is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the first screw rod sleeve (23), a third motor (26) is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the second screw rod sleeve (24), a liquid outlet tank (27) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the electroplating tank (21);
two ends of the electroplating bath (21) are fixedly provided with first reinforcing rods (29), one end of each first reinforcing rod (29) is fixedly connected with a first screw rod sleeve (23), the other two ends of the electroplating bath (21) are fixedly provided with second reinforcing rods (210), and one end of each second reinforcing rod (210) is fixedly connected with a second screw rod sleeve (24);
a first screw rod (213) is rotatably connected in the first screw rod sleeve (23), the output end of the second motor (25) is communicated with the first screw rod sleeve (23) and is fixedly connected with the first screw rod (213), and the first screw rod (213) penetrates through the first cross rod (214) and is in threaded fit with the first cross rod (214);
a second screw rod (218) is rotatably connected in the second screw rod sleeve (24), and the output end of the third motor (26) is communicated with the second screw rod sleeve (24) and is fixedly connected with the second screw rod (218). The second screw rod (218) penetrates through the U-shaped rod (219) and is in threaded fit with the U-shaped rod (219);
a first guide groove (228) and a second guide groove (229) which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the electroplating bath (21), partition plates (230) are placed in the first guide groove (228) and the second guide groove (229), the partition plates (230) are slidably connected with the first guide groove (228) and the second guide groove (229), and fourth through grooves (232) which are symmetrically arranged are formed in the partition plates (230);
the electroplating tank is characterized in that a fixing part (231) for placing the plated metal (233) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the electroplating tank (21), a stirring rod (234) in rotary connection is arranged in the electroplating tank (21), and the stirring rod (234) penetrates through the fourth through groove (232).
6. The electroplating production process equipment according to claim 5, wherein a first connecting rod (28) is fixedly arranged between adjacent first lead screw sleeves (23), a sealing plate (211) in sliding connection is arranged on the liquid outlet groove (27), a handle (212) is fixedly arranged on the sealing plate (211), the electroplating bath (21) is communicated with the liquid outlet groove (27), a liquid outlet (227) is arranged on the liquid outlet groove (27), and the sealing plate (211) is symmetrically arranged relative to the liquid outlet groove (27).
7. The electroplating production process equipment according to claim 5, wherein a second cross bar (215) is fixedly arranged between the first cross bars (214), the second cross bar (215) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a first arch bar (216), the lower end of the first arch bar (216) is fixedly connected with a first placing column (217), two ends of the first placing column (217) are symmetrically provided with large workpiece placing grooves (220) and first through grooves (221) which are distributed in an array, and the other two ends of the first placing column (217) are symmetrically provided with second through grooves (222) which are distributed in an array.
8. Equipment for an electroplating production process according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower end of the U-shaped rod (219) is fixedly provided with symmetrically arranged vertical rods (223), the lower end of the vertical rod (223) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a second arched rod (224), the lower end of the second arched rod (224) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a second placing column (225), and the side end of the second placing column (225) is provided with third through grooves (226) distributed in an array.
9. The electroplating production process equipment according to claim 5, wherein the stirring rod (234) comprises a rotating shaft (2341) rotatably connected with the electroplating bath (21), the output end of the first motor (22) is communicated with the electroplating bath (21) and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (2341), symmetrically arranged disks (2342) are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (2341), a circumferential array of bent stirring rods (2343) is fixedly arranged at one end of each disk (2342), and curved fan blades (2344) are fixedly arranged at one end of each bent stirring rod (2343).
10. The equipment of the electroplating production process according to claim 9, wherein the first connecting sleeves (2345) fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (2341) are arranged between the disks (2342) in an array distribution, a semicircular ring (2347) is fixedly arranged between every two first connecting sleeves (2345), the semicircular ring (2347) is fixedly provided with arc-shaped fan blades (2348), the arc-shaped fan blades (2348) are provided with micropores, a second connecting sleeve (2346) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft (2341), and the second connecting sleeve (2346) is fixedly provided with arc-shaped stirring rods (2349) which are symmetrically arranged and are circumferentially arrayed.
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| CN202110107075.XA CN112899764A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Electroplating production process and equipment thereof |
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| CN202110107075.XA CN112899764A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Electroplating production process and equipment thereof |
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| CN114481280A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州华超金属材料有限公司 | Electroplating device for processing metal material |
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