CN112899538B - Aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of aluminum alloy preparation and comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 83% of Al, 11% of Zn, 3% of Mg, 0.2% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 0.2% of Mn, 1.4% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti and 0.5% of lanthanide mischmetal, wherein the lanthanide mischmetal comprises 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce. The data of the embodiment shows that the hardness of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention is 130BHN, the tensile strength is 400MPa, the elongation is 0.85%, the salt spray resistance treatment is more than 100 hours, and the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance are shown.
Description
The present application is a divisional application of a chinese patent application with an application number of CN201710797518.6, entitled "an al-mg-zn alloy and a preparation method" filed by the chinese patent office on 6/9/2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to an aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing deterioration of the earth environment, users in the industries such as buildings, automobiles, high-speed rails, aerospace and the like have higher requirements on the corrosion resistance, the weather resistance and the like of the materials in order to save energy and prolong the service life of the materials.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy has excellent mechanical property and casting property and low price (only 1/2-1/3 of copper alloy), and has gradually replaced bronze for manufacturing wear-resistant parts such as turbines, bearing bushes, sliding blocks, threaded sleeves and the like in many fields. However, the existing mature aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy can only be used for parts working at low speed and heavy load, and has the problem of poor dimensional stability for aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy parts working in medium-high speed motion and high temperature environments, thereby severely limiting the application range of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy with high dimensional stability in a high temperature working environment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 83% of Al, 11% of Zn, 3% of Mg, 0.2% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 0.2% of Mn, 1.4% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti, 0.5% of lanthanide mischmetal, wherein the lanthanide mischmetal comprises 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce;
the preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring an aluminum plate in sequence to obtain molten aluminum;
(2) mixing the aluminum melt obtained in the step (1) with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide mixed rare earth and a deslagging agent, and smelting to obtain a mixed melt;
(3) sequentially quenching, tempering and filtering the mixed melt obtained in the step (2) to obtain refined melt;
(4) casting and molding the refined molten liquid obtained in the step (3) to obtain an ingot;
(5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the step (4) to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
Preferably, before preheating the aluminum plate in the step (1), the method further comprises: and sequentially performing deacidification and shade drying treatment on the aluminum plate.
Preferably, the reagent used for removing the acid is a sodium carbonate solution with the mass fraction of 20%.
Preferably, the preheating temperature in the step (1) is 660 ℃ and the time is 1 h.
Preferably, the melting temperature in the step (1) is 700 ℃, and the time is 0.5 h; the rotation speed of the electromagnetic stirring in the step (1) is 800rpm, and the time is 0.2-0.3 h.
Preferably, the temperature of smelting in the step (2) is 620 ℃ or 630 ℃.
Preferably, the heat treatment in the step (5) sequentially comprises solution treatment and aging treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of the solution treatment is 360 ℃, and the time of the solution treatment is 8 h.
Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 30min
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring the waste cathode aluminum plate in sequence to obtain molten aluminum;
(2) mixing the molten aluminum obtained in the step (1) with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent for smelting to obtain mixed molten liquid;
(3) sequentially quenching, tempering and filtering the mixed melt obtained in the step (2) to obtain refined melt;
(4) casting and molding the refined molten liquid obtained in the step (3) to obtain an ingot;
(5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the step (4) to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The invention provides an aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 83% of Al, 11% of Zn, 3% of Mg, 0.2% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 0.2% of Mn, 1.4% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti, 0.5% of mixed rare earth elements of lanthanide series, wherein the mixed rare earth elements of lanthanide series comprise 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring waste cathode aluminum plates in sequence to obtain molten aluminum, mixing the molten aluminum with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent to be smelted to obtain mixed molten liquid, quenching and tempering and filtering the mixed molten liquid in sequence to obtain refined molten liquid, casting and forming the refined molten liquid to obtain cast ingots, and performing heat treatment on the cast ingots to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
In the invention, the dimensional stability of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy can be improved by increasing the content of the aluminum element; the addition of the silicon element can improve the flow property of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, and the abrasion resistance of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy can also be improved under the action of the dissociation cracking and matrix cutting of the silicon phase; the copper and magnesium elements as reinforcing phases can improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, such as hardness and tensile property, and can also improve the wear resistance of the alloy; the zinc element can play a role in supplementing and strengthening and can improve the plasticity of the alloy; the addition of the lanthanide series mixed rare earth has modification, microalloying and purification effects on the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, can refine aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy grains, improve the wear resistance of the alloy and improve the high-temperature performance and the hot cracking performance of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy; the iron element can prevent the generation of alloy cracks; the manganese element and the titanium element can improve the strength and the plasticity of the alloy, and the copper element and the manganese element can form fine particles with the aluminum element, so that the strength and the plasticity of the alloy are further improved. The preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the steps of preheating the melted aluminum plate, refining aluminum-rich dendritic crystals and reducing gaps among the crystals; the electromagnetic stirring is carried out on the melted waste cathode aluminum plate, so that the heat release can be accelerated, the flow mode of the melt is changed, the growth of columnar crystals can be effectively inhibited, the crystal grains are equiaxial, the reaction processes of diffusion, dissolution, deoxidation and the like can be accelerated, the smelting period is shortened, and the macrosegregation and the microsegregation are reduced while the precipitated phase form is changed; the (n + epsilon) network structure in the cast ingot in the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy can be completely eliminated by carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot, the dendritic crystal segregation degree of the beta phase is greatly reduced, and the phenomenon of unstable size of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy is further avoided. The data of the embodiment shows that the hardness of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention is as high as 133BHN, the tensile strength is 403MPa, the elongation is 0.90%, the salt spray resistance treatment is more than 100 hours, and the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance are shown.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
83% of Al, 11% of Zn, 3% of Mg, 0.2% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 0.2% of Mn, 1.4% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti, 0.5% of lanthanide mischmetal, wherein the lanthanide mischmetal comprises 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce;
the preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring an aluminum plate in sequence to obtain molten aluminum;
(2) mixing the molten aluminum obtained in the step (1) with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent for smelting to obtain mixed molten liquid;
(3) sequentially quenching, tempering and filtering the mixed melt obtained in the step (2) to obtain refined melt;
(4) casting and molding the refined molten liquid obtained in the step (3) to obtain an ingot;
(5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the step (4) to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 83 weight percent of Al according to the element composition. In the invention, the dimensional stability of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy can be improved by increasing the content of the aluminum element, but the problems of increased width of an aluminum-zinc liquid-solid phase line, increased dendrite and serious segregation can be caused by increasing the content of the aluminum element, and the fluidity and the casting performance of the zinc-aluminum alloy are reduced.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 11 weight percent of Zn according to the element composition. In the invention, the zinc element can play a role in supplementing and strengthening and can improve the plasticity of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 3 weight percent of Mg according to the element composition. In the invention, the magnesium element is used as a reinforcing phase to improve the mechanical properties, such as hardness and tensile property, of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy and also increase the wear resistance of the alloy, and the hot cracking performance of the alloy is improved by controlling the proportion of the magnesium element and the zinc element.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 0.2 weight percent of Si according to the element composition. In the invention, the addition of the silicon element can improve the flow property of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, and the effect of dissociative cracking and matrix cutting of the silicon phase can also improve the wear resistance of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 1.4 weight percent of Cu according to the element composition. In the invention, the copper element is used as a reinforcing phase, so that the mechanical properties of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, such as hardness and tensile property, can be improved, and the wear resistance of the alloy can also be improved.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 0.5 weight percent of lanthanide series mixed rare earth elements according to the element composition. In the present invention, the lanthanoid misch metal preferably includes 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd, and 0.1% of Ce. In the invention, the addition of the lanthanide series mixed rare earth elements has modification, microalloying and purification effects on the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, can refine aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy grains, improve the wear resistance of the alloy and improve the high-temperature performance of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy provided by the invention preferably comprises 0.5 weight percent of Fe according to the element composition. In the invention, the iron element, the manganese element, the aluminum element and the silicon element can form a crab-shaped AlFeMnSi phase, so that the corrosion resistance of the alloy is improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring an aluminum plate in sequence to obtain molten aluminum;
(2) mixing the molten aluminum obtained in the step (1) with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent for smelting to obtain mixed molten liquid;
(3) sequentially quenching, tempering and filtering the mixed melt obtained in the step (2) to obtain refined melt;
(4) casting and molding the refined molten liquid obtained in the step (3) to obtain a cast ingot;
(5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the step (4) to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
In the present invention, the aluminum plate is preferably subjected to acid removal and drying in the shade in this order before preheating. In the present invention, the aluminum content of the aluminum plate is preferably more than 99.7%.
According to the invention, the aluminum plate is preferably deacidified before being preheated. In the present invention, the acid removal can remove metal oxides and grease on the surface. The acid removing method is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be any acid removing method known to those skilled in the art, specifically, for example, cleaning the waste cathode aluminum plate with an alkaline solution, in the embodiment of the present invention, the alkaline solution is preferably a sodium carbonate solution with a mass fraction of 20%.
After the acid removal is completed, the aluminum plate after the acid removal is preferably subjected to a drying treatment in the shade. The temperature and time of the drying in the shade are not particularly limited in the present invention, and it is sufficient to completely remove moisture from the aluminum plate, which is well known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the aluminum plate is preferably a waste cathode aluminum plate, and the source of the waste cathode aluminum plate is not limited in any way in the present invention, and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art, such as waste cathode aluminum plates of electrolytic zinc factories, can be used.
According to the invention, an aluminum plate is sequentially preheated, melted and electromagnetically stirred to obtain molten aluminum. In the invention, the preheating temperature is preferably 620-650 ℃, more preferably 625-640 ℃, and most preferably 630-635 ℃; the preheating time is preferably 1-1.5 h, and more preferably 1.2 h. The preheating of the invention can refine the aluminum-rich dendritic crystal fineness and reduce the gaps among the crystals.
After preheating is finished, the aluminum plate after preheating is melted. In the present invention, the melting temperature is preferably 680 to 700 ℃, more preferably 690 to 695 ℃, and the melting time is not particularly limited, and the aluminum plate can be completely melted.
After the melting is finished, the invention performs electromagnetic stirring on the molten product to obtain the molten aluminum. In the invention, the rotation speed of the electromagnetic stirring is preferably 100-800 rpm, and more preferably 200-400 rpm; the electromagnetic stirring time is preferably 0.2-0.3h, and more preferably 0.2-0.24 h. In the invention, the electromagnetic stirring is carried out on the melted waste cathode aluminum plate to accelerate the release of heat, change the flow mode of the melt, effectively inhibit the growth of columnar crystals, enable the crystal grains to be equiaxial, accelerate the reaction processes of diffusion, dissolution, deoxidation and the like, shorten the smelting period, and reduce the macrosegregation and the microsegregation while changing the form of a precipitated phase.
After the molten aluminum is obtained, the molten aluminum is mixed with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent for smelting to obtain mixed molten liquid. In the invention, the smelting temperature is preferably 660-700 ℃, and more preferably 670-680 ℃; the smelting time is not specially limited, and the raw materials can be completely smelted.
The amount of the slag removing agent is not particularly limited, and the amount of the slag removing agent known to those skilled in the art can be used, and specifically, the amount of the slag removing agent is preferably 0.002-0.02% of the mass of the aluminum melt.
The sources of the zinc source, the magnesium source, the silicon source, the copper source, the iron source, the manganese source, the titanium source, the lanthanide series mixed rare earth and the slag remover are not particularly limited, and the slag remover can be commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art, such as zinc-aluminum alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, silicon-aluminum alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, manganese-aluminum alloy, titanium-aluminum alloy and sodium fluosilicate slag remover.
The charging sequence of the aluminum melt, the zinc source, the magnesium source, the silicon source, the copper source, the iron source, the manganese source, the titanium source, the lanthanide series mixed rare earth and the slag removing agent is not limited by any particular way, and the charging sequence known by the technicians in the field can be adopted; in the embodiment of the invention, the aluminum melt, the zinc source, the magnesium source, the silicon source, the copper source, the iron source, the manganese source, the titanium source and the slag remover are preferably mixed, and then the lanthanide series mixed rare earth is added. In the present invention, the lanthanide misch metal is added at the end to prevent the rare earth elements from being oxidized.
After the mixed melt is obtained, the invention preferably measures the alloy element components in the mixed melt, and when the alloy element combination can not meet the element composition requirement of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, the element composition in the mixed melt is adjusted in a supplementing way, so that the element composition of the mixed melt meets the standard of the final product aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
After the mixed melt is obtained, the invention sequentially carries out quenching and tempering and filtering on the mixed melt to obtain refined melt. The invention has no special mode for the refining mode, and the refining mode known to the technical personnel in the field can be adopted, in particular, refining gas is introduced into the mixed molten liquid. In the present invention, the refining gas is preferably nitrogen. In the present invention, the tempering can remove oxide impurities, alkali metals, salts, and dissolved hydrogen gas in the molten mixture.
After tempering, the invention filters the tempered mixed melt to obtain refined melt. The present invention does not have any particular way of filtering, and may be implemented by filtering means known to those skilled in the art, for example, by filtering with a porous ceramic filter. In the present invention, the filtration can further remove oxide impurities in the mixed melt.
After the refined molten liquid is obtained, the invention casts and molds the refined molten liquid to obtain the cast ingot. The present invention is not limited to the specific manner of the casting, and the casting may be performed by a casting method known to those skilled in the art, such as continuous casting and continuous forging.
After the ingot is obtained, the ingot is subjected to heat treatment to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy. In the present invention, the heat treatment includes solution treatment and aging treatment in this order. In the invention, the temperature of the solution treatment is preferably 250-360 ℃, more preferably 280-320 ℃, and most preferably 300-310 ℃; the time of the solution treatment is preferably 2 to 8 hours, and more preferably 5.5 to 6.5 hours. The heating rate of the ingot to the solution treatment temperature is not particularly limited, and the heating rate known by the technical personnel in the field can be adopted, specifically, the heating rate is 10-20 ℃/min. In the present invention, after the ingot is heated to the solution temperature for the time of the solution treatment, the present invention preferably cools the solution-treated product. The cooling rate is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the cooling method known to those skilled in the art, such as water cooling, may be used. In the invention, the solid solution treatment can eliminate dendrites in the microstructure of the ingot, so that white point-like strengthening phases are dispersed and distributed to obtain a uniform supersaturated solid solution structure, and the mechanical property of the ingot can be improved.
After a solid solution product is obtained, the solid solution product is subjected to aging treatment to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy. In the invention, the temperature of the aging treatment is preferably 50-150 ℃, and more preferably 100-120 ℃; the time of the aging treatment is preferably 10-30 min, and more preferably 18-22 min. In the invention, the aging treatment can improve the hardness of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
After the aging treatment is finished, the invention preferably carries out post-treatment on the aging treatment product to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy. In the present invention, the post-processing is performed in a manner well known in the art, specifically, degating, trimming, inspecting, bundling, and the like.
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 84% of Al, 11% of Zn, 2% of Mg, 0.3% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 1.3% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti, 0.2% of Mn, and 0.5% of lanthanide misch metal (comprising 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) removing acid from a waste cathode aluminum plate (the aluminum content is more than 99.7%) of an electrolytic zinc plant by using a sodium carbonate solution with the mass fraction of 20%, drying in the shade, preheating for 1-2h at 620 ℃, melting for 0.5h at 680 ℃ in sequence, and electromagnetically stirring for 0.5h at 100rpm to obtain an aluminum melt;
(2) mixing an aluminum melt, a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source and a copper source, then smelting at 630 ℃, adding lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a deslagging agent, mixing at 620 ℃ and smelting to obtain a mixed melt, wherein the dosage of the deslagging agent is 0.005% of the mass of the aluminum melt, determining alloy element components in the mixed melt, and adjusting the element components in the mixed melt in a supplementing mode when the alloy element combination cannot meet the element composition requirement of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, so that the element composition of the mixed melt meets the standard of the final product aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy;
(3) introducing nitrogen into the mixed molten liquid for tempering, and then filtering through a porous ceramic filter to obtain refined molten liquid;
(4) continuously casting, continuously forging and molding the refined molten liquid to obtain an ingot;
(5) and (3) carrying out solid solution treatment on the cast ingot at 250 ℃ for 2h, then carrying out water cooling, carrying out aging treatment on the water-cooled ingot at 150 ℃ for 10min, and finally removing sprue flash, finishing, inspecting and packaging into a bundle to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The performance test of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy prepared in the example 1 is carried out, and the test result is as follows: the hardness is 133BHN, the tensile strength is 403MPa, the elongation is 0.90 percent, and the salt spray resistance treatment is more than 100 hours.
Example 2
The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
83% of Al, 11% of Zn, 3% of Mg, 0.2% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 1.4% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti, 0.2% of Mn, and 0.5% of lanthanide misch metal (including 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) removing acid from a waste cathode aluminum plate (the aluminum content is more than 99.7%) of an electrolytic zinc plant by using a sodium carbonate solution with the mass fraction of 20%, drying in the shade, preheating for 1h at 660 ℃, melting for 0.5h at 700 ℃, and electromagnetically stirring for 0.2-0.3h at 800rpm to obtain an aluminum melt;
(2) mixing an aluminum melt, a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source and a copper source, then smelting at 630 ℃, adding lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a deslagging agent, mixing at 620 ℃ and smelting to obtain a mixed melt, wherein the dosage of the deslagging agent is 0.005% of the mass of the aluminum melt, determining alloy element components in the mixed melt, and adjusting the element components in the mixed melt in a supplementing mode when the alloy element combination cannot meet the element composition requirement of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy, so that the element composition of the mixed melt meets the standard of the final product aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy;
(3) introducing nitrogen into the mixed molten liquid for tempering, and then filtering through a porous ceramic filter to obtain refined molten liquid;
(4) continuously casting, continuously forging and molding the refined molten liquid to obtain an ingot;
(5) and (3) carrying out solid solution treatment on the cast ingot at 360 ℃ for 8h, then carrying out water cooling, carrying out aging treatment on the water-cooled ingot at 50 ℃ for 30min, and finally removing sprue flash, finishing, inspecting and packaging into a bundle to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
The performance of the al-mg-zn alloy prepared in example 2 was tested, and the test results were as follows: the hardness is 130BHN, the tensile strength is 400MPa, the elongation is 0.85 percent, and the salt spray resistance treatment is more than 100 hours.
Comparative example
An aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy was prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1, except that the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy contained no lanthanoid mischmetal element, and the lanthanoid mischmetal element in example 1 was replaced with aluminum element.
And (3) carrying out performance test on the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy prepared by the comparative ratio, wherein the test result is as follows: the hardness is 120BHN, the tensile strength is 394MPa, the elongation is 0.66%, and the salt spray resistance treatment has corrosion phenomenon.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 83% of Al, 11% of Zn, 3% of Mg, 0.2% of Si, 0.5% of Fe, 0.2% of Mn, 1.4% of Cu, 0.2% of Ti, 0.5% of lanthanide mischmetal, wherein the lanthanide mischmetal comprises 0.3% of La, 0.1% of Nd and 0.1% of Ce; the iron element, the manganese element, the aluminum element and the silicon element form a crab-shaped AlFeMnSi phase;
the preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring an aluminum plate in sequence to obtain molten aluminum;
(2) mixing the molten aluminum obtained in the step (1) with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent for smelting to obtain mixed molten liquid;
(3) sequentially quenching, tempering and filtering the mixed melt obtained in the step (2) to obtain refined melt;
(4) casting and molding the refined molten liquid obtained in the step (3) to obtain an ingot;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the step (4) to obtain an aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy;
the preheating temperature in the step (1) is 660 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
the heat treatment in the step (5) sequentially comprises solution treatment and aging treatment;
the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 360 ℃, and the time of the solid solution treatment is 8 h;
the temperature of the aging treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 30 min.
2. The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) of preheating the aluminum plate further comprises: and sequentially performing deacidification and shade drying treatment on the aluminum plate.
3. The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy of claim 2, wherein the reagent for acid removal is a sodium carbonate solution with a mass fraction of 20%.
4. The aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy according to claim 1, wherein the melting temperature in step (1) is 700 ℃ and the time is 0.5 h; the rotation speed of the electromagnetic stirring in the step (1) is 800rpm, and the time is 0.2-0.3 h.
5. A method for preparing an Al-Mg-Zn alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) preheating, melting and electromagnetically stirring the waste cathode aluminum plate in sequence to obtain molten aluminum;
(2) mixing the molten aluminum obtained in the step (1) with a zinc source, a magnesium source, a silicon source, a copper source, an iron source, a manganese source, a titanium source, lanthanide series mixed rare earth and a slag removing agent for smelting to obtain mixed molten liquid;
(3) sequentially quenching, tempering and filtering the mixed melt obtained in the step (2) to obtain refined melt;
(4) casting and molding the refined molten liquid obtained in the step (3) to obtain an ingot;
(5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the step (4) to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy.
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Denomination of invention: An aluminum magnesium zinc alloy and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20230829 Granted publication date: 20220607 Pledgee: Hunan Luxi Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: HUNAN XINHAI ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980054568 |