CN112897468A - Membrane separation oxygen generation method - Google Patents
Membrane separation oxygen generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112897468A CN112897468A CN202110216730.5A CN202110216730A CN112897468A CN 112897468 A CN112897468 A CN 112897468A CN 202110216730 A CN202110216730 A CN 202110216730A CN 112897468 A CN112897468 A CN 112897468A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[O] Chemical compound [O].[O] QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0259—Physical processing only by adsorption on solids
- C01B13/0262—Physical processing only by adsorption on solids characterised by the adsorbent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0028—Separation of the specific gas from gas mixtures containing a minor amount of this specific gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0046—Nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0062—Water
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a membrane separation oxygen generation method, and belongs to the technical field of oxygen preparation. Solves the technical problem of low purity of the oxygen prepared by the membrane separation method in the prior art. The membrane separation oxygen generation method of the invention firstly filters compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air; then absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation; separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation; and finally, adsorbing nitrogen gas from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve at the pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa to obtain oxygen. The membrane separation oxygen generation method can carry out multi-stage separation on the air, and can obtain oxygen with purity of more than ninety percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oxygen preparation, and particularly relates to a membrane separation oxygen generation method.
Background
Oxygen (oxygen) is a simple substance formed by oxygen element and has a chemical formula O2. Oxygen plays an extremely important role in daily life and industrial production of people, particularly, in industrial production, the application of oxygen is more and more extensive, and the development of an oxygen preparation method with energy conservation, high oxygen production purity and good safety performance is a key point of research and attention of people all the time.
The prior art oxygen production methods mainly include cryogenic methods, pressure swing adsorption methods and membrane separation methods.
The cryogenic process is a process of liquefying air by using the difference in boiling points of oxygen and nitrogen in the air components (the boiling points of oxygen and nitrogen are 90K and 77K, respectively, at normal pressure), and then separating the components in the air by continuous multiple partial evaporation and partial condensation.
The pressure swing adsorption method is to utilize the molecular sieve to have selective adsorption capacity to oxygen and nitrogen components in the air, under a certain temperature, the nitrogen and oxygen in the air have different adsorption capacities under different pressures on the same adsorbent, and obtain oxygen with higher purity according to the selective adsorption of the adsorbent by changing a mechanical parameter of pressure.
Membrane separation processes are operated under pressure by virtue of the adsorption capacity of the components of the gas on the surface of a polymeric membrane and the difference in solution-diffusion within the membrane, i.e., the difference in permeation rates. The membrane separation oxygen-making technology uses air as raw material, under the condition of a certain pressure, the air can be passed through the membrane, and the oxygen and nitrogen can be separated by utilizing the different permeability of gases with different properties of oxygen and nitrogen, etc. in the membrane. Oxygen in the air permeates faster and preferentially passes through the membrane to be enriched, nitrogen permeates slower and is more detained at the raw material air side to form residual gas, and the oxygen continuously permeates through the semi-permeable membrane to form oxygen-enriched air under the driving of pressure difference at two sides of the membrane. The membrane separation method has the advantages of high oxygen production yield, stable oxygen concentration, simple device, convenient operation, stable equipment, lower investment cost, long service life, less damage of operation elements and stable operation. However, because the technology has strong dependence on the membrane performance, the membrane separation material is difficult to produce, expensive, easy to damage and easy to block, and the product purity is low, and only oxygen enriched with the purity of 40-50% can be produced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a membrane separation oxygen generation method for solving the technical problem of low purity of oxygen prepared by a membrane separation method in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows.
The invention provides a membrane separation oxygen generation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
the adsorption layer comprises two layers of waterproof breathable films and porous organic salt sandwiched between the two layers of waterproof breathable films;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
and step four, adsorbing nitrogen gas from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve at the pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa to obtain oxygen.
Further, the air filter is a multi-stage air filter.
Further, the material of the molecular sieve is 5A (CaA), CaX or LiX.
Further, the thickness of the waterproof breathable film is 10-30 micrometers, and the thickness of the porous organic salt is 50-55 micrometers.
Furthermore, the separation membrane consists of a base layer, a supporting layer and a separation layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabric, the supporting layer is made of carbon fiber, and the separation layer is made of polysulfone or silicone rubber; further, the separation membrane is a flat plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the membrane separation oxygen generation method can carry out multi-stage separation on the air, and can obtain oxygen with purity of more than ninety percent.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the detailed description, but it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention and not to limit the claims to the invention.
The membrane separation oxygen generation method comprises the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
and step four, adsorbing nitrogen gas from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve at the pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa to obtain oxygen.
In the above embodiments, the air filter is a multi-stage air filter, including a coarse filter and a fine filter, and is available in the art.
In the above embodiment, the adsorption layer comprises two waterproof breathable films and a porous organic salt filled between the two waterproof breathable films; porous organic salts such as CPOS series materials of Jilin university.
In the above embodiment, the material of the molecular sieve is 5a (caa), CaX or LiX.
In the above embodiment, the thickness of the waterproof breathable film is 10 to 30 micrometers, and the thickness of the porous organic salt is 50 to 55 micrometers.
In the above embodiment, the separation membrane is composed of a base layer, a support layer and a separation layer, the base layer is made of non-woven fabric and has a thickness of 5-10 microns, the support layer is made of carbon fiber and has a thickness of 10-20 microns, the separation layer is made of polysulfone or silicone rubber and has a thickness of 100-200 nm; the separation membrane is a flat plate.
The terms used in the present invention generally have meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise specified. In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, various procedures and methods not described in detail are conventional methods well known in the art. Materials, reagents, devices, instruments, apparatuses and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
A membrane separation oxygen production method comprises the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
the adsorption layer comprises two layers of waterproof breathable films (the thickness is 20 microns) and porous organic salt (the thickness is 50 microns) filled between the two layers of waterproof breathable films;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
the separation membrane consists of a base layer, a supporting layer and a separating layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of the non-woven fabrics is 5 micrometers, the supporting layer is made of carbon fibers, the thickness of the supporting layer is 10 micrometers, the separating layer is made of silicon rubber, the thickness of the separating layer is 100 nanometers, and the separation membrane is a flat plate type.
And step four, adsorbing nitrogen from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve CaX type at the pressure of 0.25MPa to obtain oxygen.
Example 2
A membrane separation oxygen production method comprises the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
the adsorption layer comprises two layers of waterproof breathable films (the thickness is 10 microns) and porous organic salt (the thickness is 50 microns) filled between the two layers of waterproof breathable films;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
the separation membrane consists of a base layer, a supporting layer and a separating layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of the non-woven fabrics is 8 micrometers, the supporting layer is made of carbon fibers, the thickness of the supporting layer is 10 micrometers, the separating layer is made of silicon rubber, the thickness of the separating layer is 150 nanometers, and the separation membrane is a flat plate type.
And step four, adsorbing nitrogen from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve CaX type at the pressure of 0.2MPa to obtain oxygen.
Example 3
A membrane separation oxygen production method comprises the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
the adsorption layer comprises two layers of waterproof breathable films (the thickness is 30 microns) and porous organic salt (the thickness is 55 microns) filled between the two layers of waterproof breathable films;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
the separation membrane consists of a base layer, a supporting layer and a separating layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabrics and has the thickness of 6 microns, the supporting layer is made of carbon fibers and has the thickness of 12 microns, the separating layer is made of silicon rubber and has the thickness of 160 nanometers, and the separation membrane is a flat plate type.
And step four, adsorbing nitrogen from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve CaX type at the pressure of 0.25MPa to obtain oxygen.
Example 4
A membrane separation oxygen production method comprises the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
the adsorption layer comprises two layers of waterproof breathable films (the thickness is 30 microns) and porous organic salt (the thickness is 50 microns) filled between the two layers of waterproof breathable films;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
the separation membrane consists of a base layer, a supporting layer and a separating layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabrics and 10 microns in thickness, the supporting layer is made of carbon fibers and 20 microns in thickness, the separating layer is made of silicon rubber and 200 nanometers in thickness, and the separation membrane is a flat plate type.
And step four, adsorbing nitrogen from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve CaX type at the pressure of 0.3MPa to obtain oxygen.
The gas obtained in examples 1 to 4 was tested, and the oxygen purity was found to be 94.1%, 93.6%, 95.6%, 93.9%, respectively.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The membrane separation oxygen production method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, filtering compressed air through an air filter to obtain filtered compressed air;
absorbing water vapor by the filtered compressed air through an absorption layer to obtain a gas phase after primary separation;
the adsorption layer comprises two layers of waterproof breathable films and porous organic salt sandwiched between the two layers of waterproof breathable films;
separating oxygen from the gas phase after the primary separation by a separation membrane to obtain a gas phase after the secondary separation;
and step four, adsorbing nitrogen gas from the gas phase after the secondary separation by a molecular sieve at the pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa to obtain oxygen.
2. The membrane separation oxygen production process according to claim 1, wherein the air filter is a multi-stage air filter.
3. The membrane separation oxygen production method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the molecular sieve is 5A (CaA), CaX or LiX.
4. The membrane separation oxygen generation method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the waterproof and breathable membrane is 10-30 microns, and the thickness of the porous organic salt is 50-55 microns.
5. The membrane separation oxygen generation method according to claim 1, wherein the separation membrane is composed of a base layer, a support layer and a separation layer, the base layer is made of non-woven fabric, the support layer is made of carbon fiber, and the separation layer is made of polysulfone or silicone rubber.
6. The membrane separation oxygen production process of claim 1, wherein the separation membrane is a flat sheet.
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| CN202110216730.5A CN112897468A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | Membrane separation oxygen generation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110216730.5A CN112897468A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | Membrane separation oxygen generation method |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2301252Y (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-12-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Apparatus for preparing oxygen-enriched air and low-oxygen air by membrane separation |
| CN101909722A (en) * | 2008-01-08 | 2010-12-08 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Multi - stage membrane separation process |
| CN201864560U (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2011-06-15 | 中国兵器工业集团第五二一研究所 | Membrane separation oxygen enrichment device |
| CN104128083A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-11-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for degrading malodorous gas by coupling biotrickling filter with dielectric barrier discharge |
| CN203947006U (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-11-19 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of MBR integrated experimental device of convertible treatment process |
| CN205115042U (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-30 | 北京京诚泽宇能源环保工程技术有限公司 | Ionic membrane oxygen generation system |
| CN109704283A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-03 | 山东千手缘环保科技有限公司 | A kind of high performance membrane legal system oxygen, nitrogen dual-purpose apparatus processed |
| CN209957377U (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-17 | 江苏铠泊洱科技有限公司 | High-efficiency high-concentration oxygen generator |
| CN211004553U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2020-07-14 | 李虎 | Membrane separation oxygen generation system |
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 CN CN202110216730.5A patent/CN112897468A/en active Pending
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