CN112895845B - Electric vehicle, electric heater and electric heating cavity assembly thereof - Google Patents
Electric vehicle, electric heater and electric heating cavity assembly thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112895845B CN112895845B CN202110144844.3A CN202110144844A CN112895845B CN 112895845 B CN112895845 B CN 112895845B CN 202110144844 A CN202110144844 A CN 202110144844A CN 112895845 B CN112895845 B CN 112895845B
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- extension part
- extension
- flow
- electric heater
- flow channel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
- B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/002—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release using electrical energy supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
Abstract
The application discloses electric vehicle and electric heater's heating chamber assembly thereof, this heating chamber assembly includes: the electric heating unit is positioned in the heating cavity and used for converting electric energy into heat energy; a flow channel structure located within the heat exchange chamber for allowing the heat transfer medium passing through the flow channel structure to receive thermal energy from the electrical heating unit, the flow channel structure comprising at least one medium flow channel comprising: a first extension linearly extending from a first opening of the medium flow passage; a second extension linearly extending from a second opening of the medium flow passage and arranged in parallel with the first extension; at least one folding extension part which extends linearly and parallelly between the first extension part and the second extension part and is communicated with the first extension part and the second extension part; the extending length of the folding extending part is basically equal to that of one of the first extending part or the second extending part, but is smaller than that of the other of the first extending part or the second extending part.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of electric heating, and more particularly, to an electric heater for an electric vehicle, an electric heating chamber assembly thereof, and an electric vehicle including the electric heater.
Background
In electric vehicles (e.g., hybrid vehicles or electric only vehicles), an electric heater is typically provided to achieve temperature control of the vehicle's internal environment. Specifically, the electric heater is electrically connected with a power battery of the electric vehicle, a heating element in the electric heater converts electric energy into heat energy, and the heat energy is transferred to the environment in the vehicle through a heat transfer medium through a heat dissipation system in the vehicle so as to realize temperature regulation of the environment in the vehicle.
In order to realize the transmission of the heat energy generated by the electric heater to a vehicle heat dissipation system or an air conditioning system, the heat energy is generally required to be transmitted by using a heat transfer medium. After the heating element of the electric heater generates heat, the heat is transferred to the relatively low-temperature heat transfer medium to be converted into the relatively high-temperature heat transfer medium, and then the relatively high-temperature heat transfer medium is conveyed to a vehicle heat dissipation system or an air conditioning system, so that the heating work of the internal environment of the vehicle is realized. As shown in fig. 1A and 1B, a heating chamber assembly 10 in a conventional electric heater mainly includes: a base member made of a good thermal conductor material; a heating chamber 11, which heating chamber 11 is located at one side of the substrate element, and which accommodates an electrical heating unit 20 for converting electrical energy into thermal energy; and a heat exchange chamber 12 located on the other side of the base member for transferring thermal energy from the heating chamber to a heat transfer medium circulating through the heat exchange zone.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, a flow channel structure is designed in the heat exchange chamber to control the flow path of the heat transfer medium, so that the heat transfer medium flows according to a predetermined flow path to sufficiently receive the heat from the heating chamber 11. Therefore, for the electric heater, the structural design of the flow channel structure in the heat exchange cavity has a direct influence on the heat exchange efficiency of the heat transfer medium.
In view of the above, how to design a reasonable flow channel structure in heat exchange is a technical problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
To this end, the present application proposes a heating chamber assembly of an electric heater, the heating chamber assembly comprising: the electric heating unit is positioned in the heating cavity and used for converting electric energy into heat energy; a flow channel structure located within the heat exchange chamber for allowing heat energy to be received from the electrical heating unit through a heat transfer medium of the flow channel structure, the flow channel structure comprising at least one medium flow channel comprising: a first extension linearly extending from the first opening of the medium flow passage; a second extension linearly extending from a second opening of the medium flow passage and arranged in parallel with the first extension; at least one folding extension part, wherein the folding extension part linearly and parallelly extends between the first extension part and the second extension part and is communicated with the first extension part and the second extension part; the extending length of the folding extending part is basically equal to that of one of the first extending part or the second extending part, but is smaller than that of the other of the first extending part or the second extending part.
Preferably, the flow channel structure includes a plurality of medium flow channels, each medium flow channel has a turn-back extension portion, and the plurality of medium flow channels include: a first media flow path and a second media flow path, wherein: in the first medium flow passage, the extension length of the first extension part is greater than that of the second extension part, and the extension length of the return extension part is less than that of the first extension part; in the second medium flow passage, the extension length of the second extension part is longer than that of the first extension part, and the extension length of the return extension part is shorter than that of the second extension part.
Preferably, the first and second media flow channels are arranged in pairs, adjacent to and complementary to each other, and in each pair of first and second media flow channels, the two first openings are arranged next to each other and in parallel and the two second openings are arranged next to each other and in parallel.
Preferably, the linear direction is a length direction or a width direction of the electric heater.
Preferably, the flow channel structure includes: an inflow chamber for receiving a heat transfer medium to be heated; and the outflow cavity is used for collecting and discharging the heated heat transfer medium, and is communicated with the inflow cavity through a plurality of medium flow channels arranged in parallel, wherein the first opening of each medium flow channel is communicated with the inflow cavity, and the second opening of each medium flow channel is communicated with the outflow cavity.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the inflow chamber becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the cross-sectional area of the outflow cavity becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
Preferably, the height of the inflow chamber in the height direction of the electric heater becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the width of the inflow chamber in the width direction of the electric heater is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the height of the outflow cavity in the height direction of the electric heater is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the width of the outflow cavity in the width direction of the electric heater becomes gradually larger along the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium.
Preferably, the flow channel structure comprises flow channel intervals, the flow channel intervals and the inner side wall of the heating cavity define the inflow cavity, the outflow cavity and the medium flow channel, and the flow channel structure comprises a guiding structure which is arranged on the flow channel intervals and/or the inner side wall of the heating cavity and is used for guiding the flow of the heat transfer medium.
Preferably, the guide structure comprises at least one of the following features: the flow channel is provided with a first guide structure at a first end part between the first openings of any pair of the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel arranged in pairs; the flow channel is provided with a second guide structure at a second end part between the second openings of any pair of the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel; the flow channel is provided with a third guide structure at a third end part between the first openings of the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel which are adjacently paired; the flow channel is provided with a fourth guide structure at a fourth end part between the second openings of the first medium flow channel and the second medium flow channel arranged in adjacent pairs.
Preferably, at least one of the first guide structure, the second guide structure, the third guide structure and the fourth guide structure is an arc-shaped face.
Preferably, the flow channel interval is provided with at least one mounting position at a position not interfering with the medium flow channel.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an electric heater of an electric vehicle, the electric heater including: a heating chamber assembly, the heating chamber assembly being the heating chamber assembly; the first shell and the second shell are respectively arranged on two sides of the heating cavity assembly.
According to still another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an electric vehicle including the above electric heater, the electric vehicle being an electric only vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
According to the technical scheme of this application, through setting up the first extension that length is different, turn back extension and second extension, can obtain higher heat exchange efficiency.
Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of a heat generating chamber assembly of an electric heater;
FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of an electric heater;
FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of a first media flow path and a second media flow path, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 2C and 2D illustrate the first media flow channel and the second media flow channel of FIGS. 2A and 2B arranged adjacent, complementary and paired to each other;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flow channel structure according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a flow channel structure according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the other side of the heat generation cavity assembly shown in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views C-C and B-B of FIG. 6, respectively;
FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic views of a flow channel structure according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 and 12 are schematic top views of the flow channel structure according to the embodiments shown in fig. 9 and 10, respectively;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of another side of the heat generation cavity assembly according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. 12;
fig. 15 and 16 are a sectional view B-B and a sectional view C-C in fig. 14, respectively.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In an electric vehicle, an electric heater is generally provided to exchange heat with an air conditioning system of the vehicle, thereby achieving temperature management and control of the environment inside the vehicle. The electric heating device may be a PTC electric heater, but is preferably an electric heater having a thin film resistor as an electric heating unit.
An electric heater generally comprises: a heating chamber assembly 10, the heating chamber assembly 10 having a heat exchange chamber 12 disposed therein for receiving and heating a fluid medium; a first housing installed at a first side of the heating chamber assembly 10 and forming an electrical chamber 21 with a control circuit board installed between the first housing and the heating chamber assembly 10; and a second housing mounted to a second side of the heating chamber assembly 10 and forming a heating chamber 11 therebetween for accommodating the electric heating unit 20. Typically, in the heating chamber assembly 10, a cover plate 15 is also provided for sealing the heat exchange chamber 12 to isolate the heat exchange chamber from the electrical chamber 13.
As can be seen from the above basic structure, the electric heater can be divided into a heating chamber 11 for performing heating operation by an electric heating unit, a heat exchange chamber 12 adjacent to the heating chamber 11 and having a heat transfer medium circulating therein, and an electric chamber 13 isolated from the heat exchange chamber 12. This is the basic structure formed by providing the first and second housings described above on either side of the heating chamber assembly.
In the heating chamber assembly of the electric heater, an electric heating unit 20 is located in the heating chamber for converting electric energy into heat energy; a flow channel structure 30 is located in the heat exchange chamber 12 for allowing a heat transfer medium passing through the flow channel structure 30 to receive thermal energy from the electrical heating unit 20. As described above, in order to achieve a good heat exchange effect, it is necessary to provide an optimized design of the flow channel structure 30. In the following, different designs of the flow path structure will be explained in detail in connection with the heating chamber assembly.
First, implementation of the heating chamber assembly
As shown in fig. 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 3 and 4, the flow channel structure 30 includes at least one medium flow channel 31, and the medium flow channel 31 includes: a first extension 311, the first extension 311 linearly extending from a first opening 321 of the medium flow passage 31; a second extension 312, the second extension 312 linearly extending from the second opening 322 of the medium flow passage 31 and being arranged in parallel with the first extension 311; at least one folding extension part 313, wherein the folding extension part 313 extends linearly and parallelly between the first extension part 311 and the second extension part 312 and is communicated with the first extension part 311 and the second extension part 312; the extension length of the folding extension part 313 is substantially equal to the extension length of one of the first extension part 311 or the second extension part 312, but is smaller than the extension length of the other of the first extension part 311 or the second extension part 312.
The first extending portion 311 extends linearly from the first opening 321, extends in the opposite direction of the folding extending portion 313, and then extends in the opposite direction to the second extending portion 312, and further reaches the second opening 322. The folding extension part 313 may be plural so as to form a plurality of reverse folding, but it is preferable that one folding extension part 313 is provided as shown in fig. 2A and 2B.
In the solution of the present application, the extension length of the folding extension 313 is substantially equal to the extension length of one of the first extension 311 or the second extension 312, but is smaller than the extension length of the other of the first extension 311 or the second extension 312. Therefore, the medium flow path 31 can be divided into a first medium flow path and a second medium flow path according to circumstances. In the first medium flow passage, as shown in fig. 2A, the extension length of the first extension portion 311 is greater than that of the second extension portion 312, and the extension length of the turn-back extension portion 313 is less than that of the first extension portion 311 and is substantially equal to that of the second extension portion 312. In the second medium flow passage, as shown in fig. 2B, the extension length of the second extension portion 312 is greater than that of the first extension portion 311, and the extension length of the turn-back extension portion 313 is less than that of the second extension portion 312 and is substantially equal to that of the first extension portion 311.
Therefore, a design feature that is prominent in this embodiment of the present application is that the length of the folded-back extension portion is not substantially equal to, but significantly less than, the longer one of the first extension portion and the second extension portion. For example, in the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 2A, the length of the folding extension 313 is about half of the extension length of the first extension 311, and may be 1/5-4/5, or 2/5-3/5, and the same ratio range is also applicable to the second medium flow channel shown in fig. 2B.
The design is based on the following considerations: the heat transfer medium flowing in each medium flow channel is gradually heated along with the flowing direction, the heat transfer medium with higher temperature in the downstream area can be refluxed by the arrangement of the turn-back extension part so as to balance the temperature imbalance of the heat transfer medium with lower temperature in the upstream area in the fluid cavity, and meanwhile, the length of the turn-back extension part is obviously smaller than that of the first extension part and the second extension part, so that the temperature difference between the heat transfer medium with higher temperature in the downstream area and the heat transfer medium with lower temperature in the upstream area in the turn-back extension part area is not too large. Moreover, by making the length of the folded extension portion significantly smaller than the longer one of the first and second extension portions, it is possible to form a flow passage partition extending in the length direction and the width direction in the middle of the heat exchange chamber 12 (as shown in fig. 4) to facilitate the arrangement of the connection of the heating chamber 12 and the cover plate 15, which will be described later.
The medium flow path 31 may be one, but is preferably designed to have a plurality of paths, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
As a further preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2C and 2D, and fig. 3 and 4, the first and second media flow channels are arranged in pairs, adjacent to and complementary to each other (in particular, as shown in fig. 2C and 2D), and in each pair of first and second media flow channels, the two first openings 321 are arranged next to each other and in parallel, and the two second openings 322 are arranged next to each other and in parallel. By arranging the first medium flow passages and the second medium flow passages in a complementary parallel manner, blank areas caused by the insufficient extension length of the turn-back extension portion 313 (relative to the longer extension length of the first extension portion and the second extension portion) can be mutually compensated or compensated, and the compensation degree of the blank areas can be influenced by the relative position relationship (such as the distance) between one first medium flow passage and the other complementary medium flow passage (as shown in fig. 2C and 2D). Preferably, as shown in fig. 2D, the two are directly adjacent to each other, so as to fully utilize the arrangement space and improve the overall flow capacity of the flow passage structure.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the linear extending direction of each extending portion is the width direction of (the heating chamber assembly of) the electric heater, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the linear direction may be the length direction or the width direction of the electric heater.
As shown in fig. 4, in the heating chamber assembly, the flow path structure 30 includes: an inflow chamber 41, the inflow chamber 41 being adapted to receive a heat transfer medium to be heated; and an outflow chamber 42, the outflow chamber 42 being configured to collect and discharge the heated heat transfer medium, the outflow chamber 42 being connected to the inflow chamber 41 through a plurality of medium flow channels 31 arranged in parallel, wherein a first opening 321 of each medium flow channel 31 is connected to the inflow chamber 41, and a second opening 322 of each medium flow channel 31 is connected to the outflow chamber 42. Therefore, in an operating state, the low-temperature heat transfer medium from the air conditioning system of the electric vehicle firstly flows into the inflow chamber 41, then flows into the first opening 321 of each medium flow channel 31 in the inflow chamber 41, then sequentially passes through the first extension portion 311, the return extension portion 313 and the second extension portion 312, then is gathered in the outflow chamber 42, and then flows to the air conditioning system of the electric vehicle through the outflow chamber 42.
In order to guide the flow of the heat transfer medium in the inflow chamber 41 and/or the outflow chamber 42, the cross-sectional area of the inflow chamber 41 preferably tapers in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the cross-sectional area of the outflow chamber 42 becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium. Therefore, the heat transfer medium entering each medium flow passage can be relatively evenly distributed, so that the problem of local overheating of the fluid cavity is avoided; and/or the heat transfer media flowing out of the medium flow channels can be fully mixed, so that the temperature balance of the heat transfer media is improved.
The cross-sectional area of the inlet chamber 41 becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium can be achieved in various ways, for example, as shown in fig. 4 and 8, the height h1 of the inlet chamber 41 in the height direction of the electric heater becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the width w1 of the inflow chamber 41 in the width direction of the electric heater becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
Similarly, the height of the outflow chamber 42 in the height direction of the electric heater becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the width of the outflow chamber 42 in the width direction of the electric heater becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, 7 and 8, the flow channel structure 30 includes flow channel partitions 43, the flow channel partitions 43 and the heating cavity inner side wall 14 define the inflow chamber 41, the outflow chamber 42 and the medium flow channel 31, and the flow channel structure 30 includes a guiding structure disposed on the flow channel partitions 43 and/or the heating cavity inner side wall 14 for guiding the flow of the heat transfer medium. By providing this guide structure, the flow of the heat transfer medium from the inflow chamber 41 into the first opening 321 of each medium flow passage 31 is facilitated, and the flow of the heat transfer medium from the second opening 322 of each medium flow passage 31 into the outflow chamber 42 is facilitated.
The guide structure has various structural forms, such as structures of an arc-shaped outer surface, a guide wing, a guide groove and the like. Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the guide structure comprises at least one of the following features:
the flow channel spacing 43 is provided with a first guide structure at a first end 431 between the first openings 321 of any pair of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs;
a second end 432 of the flow channel spacing 43 between the second openings 322 of any pair of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs is provided with a second guiding structure;
the flow channel spacing 43 is provided with a third guide structure at a third end 433 between the first openings 321 of adjacent pairs of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs;
the flow channel spacing 43 is provided with a fourth guide structure at a fourth end 434 between adjacent pairs of the first media flow channel and second media flow channel second openings 322.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, a portion extending obliquely may be provided on the inner side wall 14 of the heating chamber to guide the heat transfer medium into and out of the medium flow passage 31.
Further, as described above, a cover plate 15 is included on the heating chamber assembly for closing the flow passage structure so that the flow passage spaces 43 extend in the thickness direction of the electric heater between the bottom surface of the heat exchange chamber and the cover plate 15 to define the respective medium flow passages and the inflow and outflow chambers together with the inner side walls of the heat exchange chamber.
To facilitate the mounting of the cover plate 15, as shown in fig. 4, at least one mounting location 44 is provided on the flow channel space 43 at a position not interfering with the medium flow channel 31, as shown in fig. 4, and a circular area marked with 44 is provided (other circular areas are not marked). These mounting locations 44 may be selectively designed for specific operating conditions. Thus, when the cover plate 15 is mounted to the heating chamber assembly, a fixed connection can be formed in the middle of the cover plate 15 in addition to a fixed sealing connection formed at the edge portion, thereby enabling a more secure and reliable fixed relationship to withstand the high pressure heat transfer medium within the heat exchange chamber.
One embodiment of the heating cavity assembly provided by the application is described above in detail, and another embodiment is described below.
Second, the second embodiment of the heating chamber assembly
As shown in fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the flow channel structure 30 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of media flow channels 31, the plurality of media flow channels 31 respectively extending in parallel with each other along respective extension track lines (not labeled) in a translational relationship therebetween. By "extended trajectory" it is meant that each flow channel can be abstracted as a trajectory, for example, in the schematic diagrams shown in fig. 9 and 10, the central extension line of the flow channel can be regarded as its extended trajectory. As shown in figures 9 and 10 of the drawings,
the different extension traces may be formed in different shapes, for example, as shown, the extension traces include at least one chevron shape. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and an axisymmetric shape or a centrosymmetric shape, such as a ring shape or the like, may be formed.
In the second embodiment, the medium flow channels 31 extend in parallel and are in a translational relationship, so that the inlets and outlets of the medium flow channels 31 are arranged in parallel and closely adjacent to each other, thereby greatly improving the flow capacity of the electric heater to the heat transfer medium. Furthermore, the aforementioned immediately adjacent parallel arrangement mode can also facilitate the arrangement of the guide structures for guiding the heat transfer medium within the heat exchange chamber: on one hand, the structure design of the guide structure in the heat exchange cavity is relatively simpler and more convenient, so that the processing and manufacturing difficulty is reduced; on the other hand, the distribution area or the extension length of the guide structure in the heat exchange cavity can be limited to a relatively small or short range, thereby being beneficial to meeting the light-weight design requirement of the electric heater.
As shown in fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, in the embodiment of the zigzag-shaped extended trace, the medium flow path 31 includes: a first extension 311, the first extension 311 extending linearly in a first linear direction Y from a first opening 321 of the medium flow passage 31; a second extension portion 312, the second extension portion 312 extending linearly from the end of the first extension portion 311 along a second linear direction X perpendicular to the first linear direction Y; a bent extension 310, wherein the bent extension 310 extends linearly from the end of the second extension 312 along the first linear direction Y; a third extension part 315, the third extension part 315 extending from the end of the bending extension part 310 along the second linear direction X; and a fourth extension portion 316, the fourth extension portion 316 extending from the end of the third extension portion 315 to the second opening 322 of the medium flow passage 31 along the first linear direction Y. Although the first linear direction Y is a width direction of the electric heater as shown in fig. 11, the present application is not limited thereto, and the first linear direction Y may be a length direction and the second linear direction X may be a width direction.
As shown in fig. 12, similar to fig. 4, in the heating chamber assembly, the flow path structure 30 includes: an inflow chamber 41, the inflow chamber 41 being adapted to receive a heat transfer medium to be heated; and an outflow chamber 42, the outflow chamber 42 being configured to collect and discharge the heated heat transfer medium, the outflow chamber 42 being connected to the inflow chamber 41 through a plurality of medium flow channels 31 arranged in parallel, wherein a first opening 321 of each medium flow channel 31 is connected to the inflow chamber 41, and a second opening 322 of each medium flow channel 31 is connected to the outflow chamber 42. Therefore, in an operating state, the low-temperature heat transfer medium from the air conditioning system of the electric vehicle firstly flows into the inflow chamber 41, then flows into the first opening 321 of each medium flow channel 31 in the inflow chamber 41, then sequentially passes through the first extension portion 311, the return extension portion 313 and the second extension portion 312, then is gathered in the outflow chamber 42, and then flows to the air conditioning system of the electric vehicle through the outflow chamber 42.
In order to guide the flow of the heat transfer medium in the inflow chamber 41 and/or the outflow chamber 42, the cross-sectional area of the inflow chamber 41 preferably tapers in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the cross-sectional area of the outflow chamber 42 becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium. Therefore, the heat transfer medium entering each medium flow passage can be relatively evenly distributed, so that the problem of local overheating of the fluid cavity is avoided; and/or the heat transfer media flowing out of the medium flow channels can be fully mixed at the same time, so that the temperature balance of the heat transfer media is improved.
The cross-sectional area of the inlet chamber 41 becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium can be achieved in various ways, for example, as shown in fig. 13, 14, 15, and 16, the height h1 of the inlet chamber 41 in the height direction of the electric heater becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the width w1 of the inflow chamber 41 in the width direction of the electric heater becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
Similarly, the height of the outflow chamber 42 in the height direction of the electric heater becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or the width of the outflow chamber 42 in the width direction of the electric heater becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
As shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, in the second linear direction X, each of the medium flow passages 31 is arranged in parallel at the first opening 321 of the inflow chamber 41; and/or each of the medium flow passages 31 is arranged in parallel at the second opening 322 of the outflow chamber 42 in the second linear direction X. The arrangement of the first openings 321 and/or the second openings 322 in parallel and adjacent arrangement is a design feature of the second embodiment.
Preferably, the extension degree of each opening may be designed in different manners based on the parallel and adjacent arrangement of the first opening 321 and/or the second opening 322 according to different working conditions. For example, the respective first openings 321 are arranged flush in the first linear direction Y; or the extent of each first opening 321 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly increases progressively (i.e. closer and closer as shown in figure 12) in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium; or the extent of each first opening 321 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly decreases progressively (i.e. is further and further away) in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium; or the extent of each first opening 321 in the first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly gradually increases and then gradually decreases in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium (as shown in figures 11 and 13); or the extent of each first opening 321 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly gradually decreases and then gradually increases in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium.
Similarly, for the second openings, the respective second openings 322 are arranged flush in the first linear direction Y; or the extent of each second opening 322 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly increases progressively in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium; or the extent of each second opening 322 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly progressively decreases in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium; or the extent of each second opening 322 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly increases and then decreases in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium; or the extent of each second opening 322 in said first linear direction Y towards the inner side wall of the heating chamber assembly may decrease and then increase in the direction of flow of the heat transfer medium.
In the preferred embodiment, in addition to the feature that the first opening 321 and the second opening 322 are arranged in close proximity and in parallel, the extension lengths of the flow channel partition walls are designed to be different, so that the respective first opening 321 and second opening 322 can be arranged flush or have various modifications as described above. Therefore, on one hand, the extension lengths of the medium flow channels can be designed to be the same or different, and in addition, the flowing time of the heat transfer medium in each medium flow channel can be regulated and controlled, so that the heat transfer working condition of the heat transfer medium flowing in each medium flow channel in the flowing process is optimized. In addition, in the inflow chamber 41 and/or the outflow chamber 42, the flow channel partition walls forming the openings are designed to have different extents, thereby playing a role of turbulence. Specifically, the heat transfer medium can be made to have a relatively uniform temperature from the inflow chamber 41 to each of the first openings 321 by the turbulent flow effect before entering from the inflow chamber 41 to each of the first openings 321; similarly, after the heat transfer medium enters the outflow chamber 42 from each second opening 322, the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the outflow chamber 42 can be more uniform due to the turbulent flow.
As shown in fig. 10 and 12, the extending trace of at least one of the media flow channels 31 is preferably discontinuous, may be continuous, or may be partially continuous and partially discontinuous. These variants are all within the scope of protection of the present application. In the case of a plurality of media flow channels 31, the extension trajectory of each media flow channel 31 has at least one discontinuity, and the discontinuity of each media flow channel 31 forms a mixed flow region 34, as shown in fig. 12, there are two mixed flow regions, and the number of media flow channels upstream and downstream of the mixed flow region 34 is the same or different, for example, different in the embodiment shown in fig. 12.
Through the arrangement of the mixed flow area 34, the media flowing in each media flow channel 31 firstly converge to the mixed flow area 34 for mixed flow, and simultaneously, heat exchange is carried out between the media, so that the temperature of the media in the mixed flow area 34 is basically kept consistent. And then flows from the mixed flow region 34 to each of the downstream media flow paths 31. In this way a better homogeneity of the temperature of the medium during the flow is obtained. Preferably, the flow mixing region 34 is provided with a flow disturbing structure 35, such as various suitable flow mixing channels for mixing different media, and as shown in fig. 12, the flow disturbing structure 35 may include a plurality of flow disturbing columns extending in the height direction of the electric heater and spaced apart from each other.
While the second embodiment of the heating chamber assembly of the present application has been described in detail, it should be noted that although the two embodiments are distinguished in the description, those skilled in the art will understand that the two embodiments and their variants can share some technical features, for example, the guiding structure described in the first embodiment can also be used in the second embodiment, and the flow disturbing and mixing features described in the second embodiment can also be used in the first embodiment. Therefore, the technical features in the above-mentioned text and the drawings of the specification can be interchanged without affecting the overall layout of the flow channel, and are not illustrated in detail herein, and all such modifications are included in the technical content disclosed in the present application and fall within the scope of the present application.
Three, electric vehicle
The technical scheme of the application can be used for various working condition applications, such as various carrying tools, in particular to electric vehicles. The electric vehicle provided by the application comprises the electric heater, and the electric vehicle is a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application can be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as the combination does not depart from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (13)
1. A heating chamber assembly of an electric heater, the heating chamber assembly comprising:
an electrical heating unit (20), the electrical heating unit (20) being located within the heating chamber (11) for converting electrical energy into thermal energy;
a flow channel structure (30), the flow channel structure (30) being located in the heat exchange chamber (12) for allowing a heat transfer medium passing through the flow channel structure (30) to receive thermal energy from the electrical heating unit (20), characterized in that,
the flow channel structure (30) comprises at least one media flow channel (31), the media flow channel (31) comprising:
a first extension part (311), the first extension part (311) linearly extending from a first opening (321) of the medium flow passage (31);
a second extension part (312), the second extension part (312) linearly extending from the second opening (322) of the medium flow passage (31) and being arranged in parallel with the first extension part (311), the first extension part (311) and the second extension part (312) having different extension lengths;
at least one folding extension part (313), wherein the folding extension part (313) extends between the first extension part (311) and the second extension part (312) in a linear parallel manner and is communicated with the first extension part (311) and the second extension part (312);
the extension length of the folding-back extension part (313) is basically equal to that of one of the first extension part (311) or the second extension part (312) but smaller than that of the other of the first extension part (311) or the second extension part (312), and the folding-back extension part (313) is adjacent to the first extension part (311) and the second extension part (312).
2. The heating cavity assembly of an electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the flow path structure (30) comprises a plurality of media flow paths (31), each media flow path (31) having a return extension (313), the plurality of media flow paths (31) comprising: a first media flow path and a second media flow path, wherein:
in the first medium flow passage, the extension length of the first extension part (311) is greater than that of the second extension part (312), and the extension length of the turn-back extension part (313) is less than that of the first extension part (311);
in the second medium flow passage, the extension length of the second extension part (312) is greater than that of the first extension part (311), and the extension length of the turn-back extension part (313) is less than that of the second extension part (312).
3. The heating cavity assembly of an electric heater according to claim 2, wherein the first and second media flow paths are arranged in pairs, adjacent to and complementary to each other, and wherein in each pair of first and second media flow paths, the two first openings (321) are arranged in parallel next to each other and the two second openings (322) are arranged in parallel next to each other.
4. The heating cavity assembly of an electric heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linear direction is a length direction or a width direction of the electric heater.
5. The heating chamber assembly of an electric heater according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the flow passage structure (30) comprises:
an inflow chamber (41), the inflow chamber (41) being adapted to receive a heat transfer medium to be heated; and
an outflow chamber (42), the outflow chamber (42) being used for collecting and discharging the heated heat transfer medium, the outflow chamber (42) being communicated with the inflow chamber (41) through a plurality of medium flow channels (31) arranged in parallel,
wherein the first opening (321) of each medium flow channel (31) is communicated with the inflow cavity (41), and the second opening (322) of each medium flow channel (31) is communicated with the outflow cavity (42).
6. The heating chamber assembly of an electric heater according to claim 5, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inflow chamber (41) is gradually reduced in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or
The cross-sectional area of the outflow chamber (42) becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
7. The heating cavity assembly of an electric heater as claimed in claim 6,
the height (h1) of the inflow chamber (41) in the height direction of the electric heater becomes gradually smaller in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or
The width (w1) of the inflow chamber (41) in the width direction of the electric heater is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or
The height of the outflow cavity (42) in the height direction of the electric heater is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium; and/or
The width of the outflow chamber (42) in the width direction of the electric heater becomes gradually larger in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium.
8. The heating cavity assembly of the electric heater according to claim 7, wherein the flow passage structure (30) comprises flow passage spaces (43), the flow passage spaces (43) and the inner side walls (14) of the heating cavity define the inflow chamber (41), the outflow chamber (42) and the medium flow passage (31), and the flow passage structure (30) comprises a guiding structure disposed at the flow passage spaces (43) and/or the inner side walls (14) of the heating cavity for guiding the flow of the heat transfer medium.
9. The heating chamber assembly of an electric heater as claimed in claim 8, wherein the guide formation comprises at least one of:
the flow channel spacing (43) is provided with a first guiding structure at a first end (431) between the first openings (321) of any pair of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs;
the flow channel spacing (43) is provided with a second guiding structure at a second end (432) between the second openings (322) of any pair of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs;
the flow channel spacing (43) is provided with a third guiding structure at a third end (433) between the first openings (321) of adjacent pairs of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs;
the flow channel spacing (43) is provided with a fourth guiding structure at a fourth end (434) between the second openings (322) of adjacent pairs of the first and second media flow channels arranged in pairs.
10. The electric heater heating cavity assembly according to claim 9, wherein at least one of the first, second, third and fourth guide structures is an arcuate outer surface.
11. The heating chamber assembly of an electric heater according to claim 8, wherein the flow path space (43) is provided with at least one mounting location (44) at a location that does not interfere with the media flow path (31).
12. An electric heater for an electric vehicle, characterized by comprising:
a heating chamber assembly of any one of claims 1 to 11;
the first shell and the second shell are respectively arranged on two sides of the heating cavity assembly.
13. Electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an electric heater according to claim 12, said electric vehicle being a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110144844.3A CN112895845B (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Electric vehicle, electric heater and electric heating cavity assembly thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110144844.3A CN112895845B (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Electric vehicle, electric heater and electric heating cavity assembly thereof |
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| CN112895845A CN112895845A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN112895845B true CN112895845B (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| KR20110077877A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | 김재철 | Heat exchanging device of electric boiler |
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| CN209744708U (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-12-06 | 上海奉天电子股份有限公司 | Multi-channel runner layer structure of PTC water heater |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP6868587B2 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-05-12 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Intermediate medium vaporizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110077877A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | 김재철 | Heat exchanging device of electric boiler |
| CN106985633A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-28 | 镇江海姆霍兹传热传动系统有限公司 | New-energy automobile electric heater unit |
| CN110345639A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 广东鑫禄莱电器股份有限公司 | A kind of bimodulus electromagnet water heater device based on diversification energy storage |
| CN209744708U (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-12-06 | 上海奉天电子股份有限公司 | Multi-channel runner layer structure of PTC water heater |
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| CN112895845A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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