CN112892550A - Lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental remediation, and particularly discloses a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Synthesizing the lanthanum and manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material by a gel method, performing piezoelectric catalytic degradation on a target pollutant in the micro plastic by using the piezoelectric property of the lanthanum and manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite, and then rapidly recovering by using the magnetism of the target pollutant. The method is a novel cost-effective water pollutant degradation method, can realize rapid cyclic degradation of pollutants in the water micro-plastic by utilizing the magnetism of the material and the piezoelectric effect brought by the mechanical force of the water, is environment-friendly, has high utilization value, simple process flow and strong operability, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental remediation, and particularly relates to a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The micro-plastics have small volume, are difficult to distinguish by naked eyes, are easy to enter aquatic organisms, and can cause serious harm to the environment and the organisms when being used as various pollutants carried by carriers. Micro-pollutants adsorbed by micro-plastics are a great problem in the remediation of water body pollution such as oceans due to small quantity, strong enrichment and wide migration range, wherein personal medicines and nursing products (PPCPs) are typical micro-pollutants. As typical analgesics, carbamazepine, diclofenac drugs and the like play a significant role in human medical care, but due to indiscriminate abuse, the concentration of the drugs in natural water is gradually increased, the soluble drugs adhere to micro-plastics and enter aquatic organisms and human bodies, and excessive intake of carbamazepine can cause disorder of the nervous system and hematopoietic system of organisms and cause serious harm. Therefore, the technology for treating the carbamazepine pollutants in the water body micro-plastic with high economy, high efficiency and strong pertinence is urgently searched and developed.
The piezoelectric catalytic effect formed by mechanical energy driven by water flow is a great innovative technology of water pollution treatment means. The piezoelectric catalytic effect means that mechanical stress is applied to a piezoelectric material in the modes of ultrasound, stirring, water flow, extrusion and the like, so that potential polarization is generated inside the piezoelectric material, and a large number of electrons and holes are generated. The polarized electrons and holes can react with water molecules and other substances to generate active oxygen substances, and the active oxygen substances can efficiently degrade pollutants in the water body.
However, most of the piezoelectric materials are designed into nano-scale structures, and the structures of the fine crystals have larger specific surface area and more reactive sites, and can enter the structure of the micro plastic to carry out deep micro-pollution treatment, but have certain difficulty in recycling treatment, besides the difficulty in separating the piezoelectric materials entering the micro plastic, the materials also face the risk of loss in a flowing water phase and the problem of secondary pollution caused by migration. Therefore, the development of a method for rapidly recycling the nano piezoelectric material is a great breakthrough for the micro-pollution of the water body through piezoelectric catalytic degradation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problem of micro-pollution treatment of water and the defects of the traditional bismuth ferrite nano material, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material.
The invention also aims to provide the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material prepared by the method.
The invention further aims to provide application of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material in magnetic separation piezoelectric catalytic purification of micro-plastic attached micro-pollutants.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a preparation method of a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material comprises the following steps:
mixing and dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, ferric nitrate nonahydrate, manganese nitrate tetrahydrate and lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate in an organic solvent; then adding tartaric acid, continuously stirring to form a gel state, and drying the gel-state mixture to form dry gel; and calcining the xerogel, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to the ferric nitrate nonahydrate to the manganese nitrate tetrahydrate to the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is 3-6: 3-6: 0.25-0.60: 0.25 to 0.60. Most preferably 5: 5: 0.26: 0.56. the molar volume ratio of the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to the organic solvent is 3-6 mmol: 35-50 mL.
The molar volume ratio of the tartaric acid to the organic solvent is 3-6 mmol: 35-50 mL.
The organic solvent is ethylene glycol or acetone.
The drying temperature is 50-80 ℃, and more preferably 60 ℃.
The calcination temperature is 400-600 ℃, and more preferably 550 ℃; the calcination time is 1-3 h, and more preferably 2 h.
The lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material is prepared by the method.
The lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material is applied to magnetic separation and piezoelectric catalytic purification of micro-plastic attached micro-pollutants.
A method for purifying micro pollutants attached to micro plastics by magnetic separation and piezoelectric catalysis comprises the following specific steps: mixing a target pollutant aqueous solution with the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material, and then giving ultrasonic mechanical force to the obtained mixed solution to perform catalytic degradation on the target pollutant by utilizing the piezoelectric property of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite.
The piezoelectric catalysis is generated under the action of mechanical force ultrasound; preferably, the ultrasonic mechanical force given to the obtained mixed solution is specifically to perform ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution at the frequency of 20-60 kHz and the ultrasonic power of 60-150W.
More preferably, the frequency is 40 kHz; the ultrasonic power is more preferably 100W; the ultrasonic treatment time is 20-60 min, and more preferably 30 min.
Preferably, the concentration of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material in the mixed solution is 0.5-2 g/L, preferably 1 g/L;
the target pollutant is micromolecular analgesic dispersedly adsorbed by the micro-plastic.
Preferably, the target pollutant is an aqueous solution of micromolecular analgesic with the concentration of 1-10 mg/L dispersed and adsorbed by every 5mg of micro-plastic; more preferably 5mg/L of small-molecule analgesic solution; the time length of the dispersion adsorption is preferably 12-36 h.
The small-molecule analgesic is preferably at least one of carbamazepine, diclofenac sodium, sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen and diclofenac.
Preferably, after the pollutant degradation treatment is finished, the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material can be sucked out and separated by the magnetic force of the magnet for recycling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the bismuth ferrite nano material is doped with lanthanum and manganese elements, so that the magnetic property and the piezoelectric property of the bismuth ferrite nano material are improved, and the bismuth ferrite nano material is applied to cyclic catalytic degradation of micro-pollution of water. The improvement of the piezoelectric property can enable the bismuth ferrite to play a high-efficiency pollutant degradation effect under the action of lower mechanical force, and the enhancement of the magnetism can enable the bismuth ferrite material to be separated from the water phase and the micro plastic by utilizing the magnetic attraction of the magnet after the treatment in the flowing water phase is finished, so that the rapid cyclic utilization is realized. The method for treating the micro-pollution of the water body is simple, convenient and efficient, provides a new material and a new method for promoting the purification of the water body, has no report in related patent documents, and has strong feasibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for purifying micro-plastic attached micro-pollutants by using a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material in magnetic separation and piezoelectric catalysis.
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of bismuth ferrite materials with different lanthanum manganese doping amounts.
Fig. 3 is an atomic microscope image of a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterial with a lanthanum-manganese doping amount of 10%.
Fig. 4 is a piezoelectric force microscope atlas of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterial with the lanthanum-manganese doping amount of 10%: a hysteresis loop and a butterfly wire.
FIG. 5 is a magnetic curve of bismuth ferrite materials with different lanthanum manganese doping amounts.
Fig. 6(a) shows the piezoelectric catalytic degradation efficiency of bismuth ferrite nano materials with different lanthanum doping amounts on a carboplatin solution adsorbed by the micro-plastics, and (b) shows the piezoelectric degradation efficiency of bismuth ferrite nano materials with 10% lanthanum manganese doping amounts on four antibiotic drugs, namely Carboplatin (CBZ), diclofenac sodium (DCF), Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ibuprofen (CIP), adsorbed by the micro-plastics.
Fig. 7 shows the efficiency (a) of the lanthanum manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material in cyclic piezoelectric degradation in the carbamazepine solution adsorbed by the micro plastic and the material separation recovery rate (b) thereof.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The reagents used in the examples are commercially available without specific reference.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a method for synthesizing a lanthanum and manganese doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterial, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) 2.43g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, 2.02g of ferric nitrate nonahydrate, 0.14g of manganese nitrate tetrahydrate and 0.24g of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate are dissolved in 50mL of ethylene glycol and fully stirred until complete dissolution, then 0.75g of tartaric acid is added and stirring is continued until gel-like, and then the gel-like mixture is dried in an oven at 60 ℃ to form dry gel.
(2) Then the xerogel mixture is placed in a crucible and placed in a muffle furnace, and calcined for 2h at 550 ℃, and the temperature-rising program is set to be 10 ℃/min. After the reaction is finished, grinding the sample to obtain the powdery bismuth ferrite nano material with 10% of lanthanum and manganese doping amount. The bismuth ferrite nano-particles with the manganese and lanthanum doping amount of 5% are prepared by adjusting the mass of manganese nitrate tetrahydrate and lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate according to the steps.
The XRD patterns of bismuth ferrite with different doping amounts of lanthanum and manganese are shown in figure 2, and the XRD patterns of the bismuth ferrite material with double doping amounts of lanthanum and manganese have characteristic peaks of XRD of a pure bismuth ferrite material, while the intensities of the characteristic peaks of 22.5 degrees, 39.7 degrees, 51.8 degrees, 57.2 degrees, 66.8 degrees, 71.7 degrees and 75.3 degrees are gradually weakened along with the increase of the doping amounts of lanthanum and manganese, and the characteristic peaks of 27.9 degrees are obviously strengthened, which shows that the doping amounts of lanthanum and manganese smoothly replace part of iron and bismuth elements, and the material is successfully prepared. An atomic force microscope image of the lanthanum manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite material with the lanthanum manganese doping amount of 10% is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from the figure: the shape of the prepared lanthanum and manganese double-doped (10%) bismuth ferrite material is a remarkable lamellar structure. And as shown in fig. 4, the triangular point curve shows ferromagnetic property and domain inversion characteristic, while the circular point curve shows butterfly shape, which shows that the material has remarkable piezoelectric property. And fig. 5 shows the magnetic curve of bismuth ferrite materials with different lanthanum and manganese doping amounts, and it can be seen that the magnetic property is enhanced along with the increase of the doping amount, and the saturation magnetization is increased from 4.6emu/g to 10.2emu/g, which shows that the lanthanum and manganese double-doped (10%) bismuth ferrite material has the strongest magnetic property, and the inset shows that the lanthanum and manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite material which is uniformly dispersed in the aqueous solution can be directly adsorbed on the wall of the glass bottle by the magnet, so as to realize the rapid separation of the nano material and the water phase.
Examples 2 to 4
The bismuth ferrite nanowires with different doping amounts of lanthanum and manganese prepared in example 1 are subjected to piezoelectric catalytic degradation of the aqueous carbamazepine solution adsorbed by the micro-plastic. Wherein the ultrasonic power is 100W, the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, the concentration of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material is 1g/L, and the target water body is as follows: 5mg of micro-plastic (with the average particle size of 10.0 microns) is dispersed in a 5mg/L carbamazepine aqueous solution by a stirrer (the time for dispersing and adsorbing the carbamazepine solution by the micro-plastic is 24 hours), and the ultrasonic time for piezoelectric degradation is 30 min. Specific experimental conditions are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 amounts of each substance and ultrasonic conditions in examples 2 to 4.
The degradation efficiency of carbamazepine in piezoelectric catalysis micro-plastics by bismuth ferrite nano-materials with different lanthanum and manganese doping amounts is shown in fig. 6 (a). As can be seen, the piezoelectric degradation effect of the pure bismuth ferrite material is general, and the degradation efficiency of the pure bismuth ferrite material to carbamazepine is only about 60% within 30 min. The degradation efficiency of the bismuth ferrite material with the doping amount of lanthanum and manganese of 5% to carbamazepine can reach 80% within 30min, the piezoelectric catalytic degradation efficiency of the bismuth ferrite material with the doping amount of lanthanum and manganese of 10% is the highest, and the degradation efficiency can reach 90% within 30min, so that the doping of lanthanum and manganese can improve the piezoelectric property of bismuth ferrite and accelerate the degradation rate. Meanwhile, the piezoelectric degradation effects of the bismuth ferrite material with the lanthanum and manganese doping amount of 10% on four different pollutants are compared. As shown in FIG. 6(b), the piezoelectric degradation efficiency of the bismuth ferrite material to four antibiotic drugs (concentration is 5mg/L) of Carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac sodium (DCF), Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ibuprofen (CIP) adsorbed by micro-plastics within 30min can reach more than 80%, and the material has obvious piezoelectric catalytic activity and can be applied to micro-plastic micro-pollution treatment containing various pollutants.
Example 5
A bismuth ferrite material with the lanthanum manganese doping amount of 10% is used for a cycle experiment for degrading carbamazepine pollutants in micro-plastics by piezoelectric catalysis. Wherein the ultrasonic power is 100W, the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, the concentration of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material is 1g/L, and the target water body is as follows: 5mg of micro plastic (with the average particle size of 10.0 microns) is dispersed in a 5mg/L carbamazepine aqueous solution by a stirrer (the time for dispersing and adsorbing the carbamazepine solution by the micro plastic is 24 hours), the ultrasonic time for each piezoelectric degradation is 30min, and the time for adsorbing the lanthanum-manganese doped bismuth ferrite material by a magnet is 30 min.
The degradation efficiency and the catalyst recovery rate of the cycle experiment are shown in fig. 7, after 5 cycles of the cycle experiment, the degradation effect of the bismuth ferrite material with the lanthanum and manganese doping amount of 10% on the carbamazepine solution in the micro-plastic is still high, and is only reduced from 90% to 88%, and the recovery rate of the material is as high as 93.6%.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing and dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, ferric nitrate nonahydrate, manganese nitrate tetrahydrate and lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate in an organic solvent; then adding tartaric acid, continuously stirring to form a gel state, and drying the gel-state mixture to form dry gel; and calcining the xerogel, and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the molar ratio of the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to the ferric nitrate nonahydrate to the manganese nitrate tetrahydrate to the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is 3-6: 3-6: 0.25-0.60: 0.25 to 0.60.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the molar volume ratio of the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to the organic solvent is 3-6 mmol: 35-50 mL; the molar volume ratio of the tartaric acid to the organic solvent is 3-6 mmol: 35-50 mL.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the calcination temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the calcination time is 1-3 h; the organic solvent is ethylene glycol or acetone.
5. A lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material prepared by the method of claims 1-4.
6. The use of the lanthanum manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterial of claim 5 in magnetic separation piezoelectric catalytic purification of micropollutants attached to a micro plastic.
7. A method for purifying micro pollutants attached to micro plastics by magnetic separation and piezoelectric catalysis is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: mixing a target pollutant aqueous solution with the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterial of claim 5, and then giving ultrasonic mechanical force to the obtained mixed solution to perform catalytic degradation on the target pollutant by using the piezoelectric property of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the ultrasonic mechanical force given to the obtained mixed solution is specifically that the mixed solution is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at the frequency of 20-60 kHz and the ultrasonic power of 60-150W.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the concentration of the lanthanum-manganese double-doped bismuth ferrite nano material in the mixed solution is 0.5-2 g/L.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein: the micromolecular analgesic is at least one of carbamazepine, diclofenac sodium, sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen and diclofenac acid.
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| CN114031167A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 暨南大学 | Method for synchronously removing micro-plastic and quinolone antibiotics in water |
| CN116371415A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-07-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Preparation method of cerium doped material for improving catalytic performance of bismuth ferrite |
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| CN116371415A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-07-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Preparation method of cerium doped material for improving catalytic performance of bismuth ferrite |
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