CN112892132B

CN112892132B - Centrifugal flow-dividing dehydration dust-removing purification device and method

Info

Publication number: CN112892132B
Application number: CN202110222341.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡胜勇; 金子敬; 胡斐; 孙健; 朱晓彤
Original assignee: Taiyuan University of Technology
Current assignee: Taiyuan University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-02-28
Filing date: 2021-02-28
Publication date: 2022-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-28
Also published as: CN112892132A

Abstract

A centrifugal flow-dividing dewatering dust-removing purifier and method is composed of dust-collecting wind tube, casing, flow valve, water inlet, nozzle I, nozzle II, special centrifugal blade wheel, motor, axial flow-dividing channel, radial flow-dividing channel, flow guide grid, conic dewaterer, gas outlet, sewage outlet I, sewage outlet II, water draining pipe, dust concentration sensor I, dust concentration sensor II, electronic flowmeter, alarm and buzzer. The device adopts centrifugal structure, fully catches the dust in the dusty air current through spraying and the broken combination mode of impeller, separates the dirt solution that presses down that will wrap up the dust through the mode of reposition of redundant personnel dehydration with the distinguished and admirable separation, realizes the purification to the dusty air current. The invention has the remarkable advantages of strong suction force, good dehydration effect, high dust removal efficiency and strong environmental applicability.

Description

Centrifugal flow-dividing dehydration dust-removing purification device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of dust removal and purification, in particular to a centrifugal flow-dividing dehydration dust removal and purification device and method.

Background

In the production process of industrial and mining enterprises, a large amount of dust is generated, the dust is harmful to human health, occupational diseases are caused, mechanical abrasion is accelerated, the service life of a precision instrument is shortened, and the dust is explosive under certain conditions. Especially, the pneumoconiosis caused by dust generation in the operation places such as mines, building materials, metallurgy, chemical engineering, machinery and the like seriously harms the health of dust collecting operators and controls dust pollution slowly. Therefore, engineers in the field have made a lot of research on dust removing equipment of fully mechanized excavation faces, and various wet dust removing equipment has been developed, but all have the disadvantages of weak dust collecting capability, weak dewatering capability, poor dust removing effect, and the like. In order to ensure safe production and physical and psychological health of workers, dust removal equipment which can be suitable for different working environments is urgently needed, and particularly, the wet dust removal purification device has the advantages of compact structure, good dehydration effect and high dust removal efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the traditional wet type dust removal purification device, provides a centrifugal type flow-dividing dehydration purification device and a centrifugal type flow-dividing dehydration purification method which have strong suction force, good dehydration effect, high dust removal efficiency and strong environmental applicability, and realizes the integration of mechanical ventilation, dust removal purification and dehydration on the basis of ensuring high-efficiency purification.

The invention relates to a centrifugal flow-dividing, dehydrating, dedusting and purifying device which comprises an air suction air cylinder, a shell, a flow valve, a water inlet, a nozzle I, a nozzle II, a special centrifugal impeller, a motor, an axial flow-dividing channel, a radial flow-dividing channel, a flow guide grid, a conical dehydrator, an air outlet, a drain outlet I, a drain outlet II, a drain pipe, a dust concentration sensor I, a dust concentration sensor II, an electronic flowmeter, an alarm and a buzzer, wherein the air suction air cylinder is arranged on the shell; the flow valve is connected with a water supply pipeline and is connected with the nozzle I and the nozzle II; the nozzle I is axially arranged in the dust collection air cylinder, and the nozzle II extends into the dust collection air cylinder from the tail end of the dust collection air cylinder and is aligned with the impeller blade; the special centrifugal impeller is connected with a motor; one end of the axial flow dividing channel is connected with the shell at the rear end of the impeller at an angle of 30-50 degrees in the vertical direction, the other end of the axial flow dividing channel is connected with the conical dehydrator, the upper end of the conical dehydrator is connected with the air outlet, and the lower end of the conical dehydrator is connected with the drain pipe through the drain outlet I; the upper end of the radial flow dividing channel is connected with an air outlet, the lower end of the radial flow dividing channel is connected with a drain pipe through a drain outlet II, the radial flow dividing channel is connected with the shell along the air flow direction, a flow guide grid is arranged in the radial flow dividing channel, and 5-10 inclined grooves with angles of 15-45 degrees are formed in the flow guide grid; the inner wall of the air outlet is provided with a dust concentration sensor I, the outer side of the dust absorption air duct is provided with a dust concentration sensor II, the flow valve is provided with an electronic flowmeter, and the alarm and the buzzer are fixed on the outer side of the shell.

The invention has the following beneficial results:

1. the solvent is sprayed out through the nozzle I to cover the cross section of the air inlet channel, and dust in the dust-containing air flow is captured at one time. And simultaneously, the nozzle II sprays the solvent to the blade part of the special centrifugal impeller, and the solvent is fully crushed and atomized under the high-speed rotation action of the special centrifugal impeller and fully mixed with the dust-containing air for secondary capture. After the two dust captures, the dust in the dusty airflow is fully combined with the solvent, so that the high-efficiency dust removal of the dusty airflow is realized.

2. The solution wrapping the dust is gathered to a specially-made centrifugal impeller shaft disc under the action of negative pressure, enters a conical dehydrator through an axial flow-dividing channel under the centrifugal action of high-speed rotation for dehydration, sewage enters a drain pipe from the lower part through a sewage discharge outlet I and is discharged, and air flow enters an air outlet from the upper part through the axial flow-dividing channel; and the other part of the air flow enters the radial flow dividing channel, is dehydrated through the flow guide grid, sewage enters the drain pipe from the sewage outlet II below and is discharged, and the air flow converges into the air outlet from the upper part. The solution wrapping the dust is separated from the wind flow by means of shunting and dewatering, and the dewatering effect is good.

3. The invention adopts a centrifugal structure, has strong equipment integrity, simple installation and use and small occupied space, is suitable for various industrial dedusting and air purification occasions, and has the remarkable advantages of strong suction, good dehydration effect, high dedusting efficiency and strong environmental applicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a centrifugal flow-dividing dewatering and dust-removing purification device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a centrifugal impeller specifically made in the present invention.

In the figure: 1-dust absorption wind cylinder, 2-shell, 3-flow valve, 4-water inlet, 5-special centrifugal impeller, 6-motor, 7-axial flow dividing channel, 8-radial flow dividing channel, 9-flow guiding grid, 10-conical dehydrator, 11-air outlet, 12-sewage outlet I, 13-sewage outlet II, 14-water discharging pipe, 15-dust concentration sensor I, 16-dust concentration sensor II, 17-electronic flowmeter, 18-alarm, 19-buzzer, 20-nozzle I, 21-nozzle II, 22-shaft disc, 23-blade, 24-water retaining ring and 25-conical cylinder.

Detailed Description

One embodiment of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

fig. 1, 2, and 3 show: a centrifugal flow-dividing, dewatering, dust-removing and purifying device comprises a dust-absorbing air cylinder (1), a shell (2), a flow valve (3), a water inlet (4), a special centrifugal impeller (5), a motor (6), an axial flow-dividing channel (7), a radial flow-dividing channel (8), a flow guide grid (9), a conical dehydrator (10), a gas outlet (11), a sewage outlet I (12), a sewage outlet II (13), a drain pipe (14), a dust concentration sensor I (15), a dust concentration sensor II (16), an electronic flow meter (17), an alarm (18), a buzzer (19), a nozzle I (20) and a nozzle II (21); the method is characterized in that: the flow valve (3) is connected with a water supply pipeline, and the flow valve (3) is connected with the nozzle I (20) and the nozzle II (21); the nozzle I (20) is axially arranged in the dust collection air cylinder (1), and the nozzle II (21) extends into the dust collection air cylinder (1) from the tail end of the dust collection air cylinder and is aligned with the impeller blade (23); a special centrifugal impeller (5) is connected with a motor (6); one end of the axial flow distribution channel (7) is connected with the casing (2) at the rear end of the impeller in a vertical direction at an angle of 30-50 degrees, the other end of the axial flow distribution channel is connected with the conical dehydrator (10), the upper end of the conical dehydrator (10) is connected with the air outlet (11), and the lower end of the conical dehydrator (10) is connected with a drain pipe (14) through a drain outlet I (12); the upper end of the radial flow dividing channel (8) is connected with an air outlet (11), the lower end of the radial flow dividing channel is connected with a drain pipe (14) through a drain outlet II (13), the radial flow dividing channel is connected with the shell (2) along the air flow direction, a flow guide grid (9) is arranged in the radial flow dividing channel, and 5-10 inclined grooves with angles of 15-45 degrees are formed in the flow guide grid (9); the air outlet (11) is provided with a dust concentration sensor I (15), the outer side of the dust collection air cylinder (1) is provided with a dust concentration sensor II (16), the flow valve (3) is provided with an electronic flowmeter (17), and an alarm (18) and a buzzer (19) are fixed on the outer side of the shell (2).

The special centrifugal impeller (5) comprises a shaft disc (22), blades (23) and a water retaining ring (24), wherein the blades (23) are fixedly welded on the shaft disc (22), and the water retaining ring (24) is fixed on the periphery of the blades (23). The radius of the shaft disc (22) is 6-10 CM smaller than that of the water retaining ring (24). The height of the water retaining ring (24) is 1/5 of the height of the special centrifugal impeller (5).

The conical dehydrator (10) is integrally of a cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the conical dehydrator is connected with a conical barrel (25).

The working process comprises the following steps: the solvent is sprayed out through the nozzle I (20) to cover the cross section of the dust collection air duct (1) to capture dust in the dust-containing air flow at one time. Meanwhile, the nozzle II (21) sprays the solvent to the blade part (23) of the special centrifugal impeller, and the solvent is fully crushed and atomized under the high-speed rotation action of the special centrifugal impeller (5) and fully mixed with the dust-containing air for secondary capture. The solution wrapping the dust is gathered to a specially-made centrifugal impeller shaft disc (22) under the action of negative pressure, enters a conical dehydrator (10) through an axial flow-dividing channel (7) under the centrifugal action of high-speed rotation for dehydration, sewage enters a drain pipe (14) from the lower part through a sewage discharge outlet I (12) and is discharged, and air flow enters an air outlet (11) from the upper part through the axial flow-dividing channel (7); the other part of the air flow enters the radial flow-dividing channel (8) and is dehydrated through the flow-guiding grid (9), sewage enters the drain pipe (14) from the sewage outlet II (13) at the lower part and is discharged, and the air flow converges into the air outlet (11) from the upper part. A dust concentration sensor I (15) is arranged to monitor dust concentration information of a gas outlet, and a dust concentration sensor II (16) is arranged to monitor environmental dust concentration. When the dust concentration induced in the dust concentration sensor II (16) exceeds 2mg/m, starting the flow valve (3), then starting the motor (6), and receiving dust concentration information once every 2min by the concentration sensor II (16) after the starting; when the dust concentration induced in the dust concentration sensor I (15) exceeds 2mg/m for heavy planting, alarming by an alarm (18), and adjusting the frequency of a motor (6) and the water inflow of a flow valve (3) to enable the monitoring value of the dust concentration sensor I (15) to be reduced to below 2mg/m for thin film planting; when the dust concentration sensed by the dust concentration sensor II (16) is lower than 2mg/m, the buzzer (19) sounds, the motor (6) is turned off, and then the flow valve (3) is turned off. And repeating the step a → b.

Claims

1. A centrifugal flow-dividing, dewatering, dust-removing and purifying device comprises a dust-absorbing air cylinder (1), a shell (2), a flow valve (3), a water inlet (4), a special centrifugal impeller (5), a motor (6), an axial flow-dividing channel (7), a radial flow-dividing channel (8), a flow guide grid (9), a conical dehydrator (10), a gas outlet (11), a sewage outlet I (12), a sewage outlet II (13), a drain pipe (14), a dust concentration sensor I (15), a dust concentration sensor II (16), an electronic flow meter (17), an alarm (18), a buzzer (19), a nozzle I (20) and a nozzle II (21); the flow valve (3) is connected with a water supply pipeline, and the flow valve (3) is connected with the nozzle I (20) and the nozzle II (21); the nozzle I (20) is axially arranged in the dust collection air duct (1), and the nozzle II (21) extends into the dust collection air duct (1) from the tail end of the dust collection air duct and is aligned with the impeller blade (23); the special centrifugal impeller (5) is connected with the motor (6); one end of the axial flow dividing channel (7) is connected with the casing (2) at the rear end of the impeller in a vertical direction at an angle of 30-50 degrees, the other end of the axial flow dividing channel is connected with the conical dehydrator (10), the upper end of the conical dehydrator (10) is connected with the air outlet (11), and the lower end of the conical dehydrator (10) is connected with the drain pipe (14) through a drain outlet I (12); the upper end of the radial flow dividing channel (8) is connected with an air outlet (11), the lower end of the radial flow dividing channel is connected with a drain pipe (14) through a drain outlet II (13), the radial flow dividing channel is connected with the shell (2) along the air flow direction, a flow guide grid (9) is arranged in the radial flow dividing channel, and 5-10 inclined grooves with angles of 15-45 degrees are formed in the flow guide grid (9); a dust concentration sensor I (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the air outlet (11), a dust concentration sensor II (16) is arranged outside the dust collection air cylinder (1), an electronic flowmeter (17) is arranged at the position of the flow valve (3), and an alarm (18) and a buzzer (19) are fixed on the outer side of the shell (2); the special centrifugal impeller (5) comprises a shaft disc (22), blades (23) and a water retaining ring (24), wherein the blades (23) are fixedly welded on the shaft disc (22), and the water retaining ring (24) is fixed on the periphery of the blades (23); the radius of the shaft disc (22) is 6-10 cm smaller than that of the water retaining ring (24); the height of the water retaining ring (24) is 1/5 of the height of a special centrifugal impeller; the method is characterized in that: the centrifugal split-flow dehydration dust-removing purification method comprises the following steps:

a. when the dust concentration induced in the dust concentration sensor II (16) exceeds 2mg/m, starting the flow valve (3), then starting the motor (6), and receiving dust concentration information once every 2min by the concentration sensor II (16) after the starting;

b. when the dust concentration induced in the dust concentration sensor I (15) exceeds 2mg/m for heavy planting, alarming by an alarm (18), and adjusting the frequency of a motor (6) and the water inflow of a flow valve (3) to enable the monitoring value of the dust concentration sensor I (15) to be reduced to below 2mg/m for thin film planting;

c. when the dust concentration sensed by the dust concentration sensor II (16) is lower than 2mg/m, sounding the buzzer (19), turning off the motor (6), then turning off the flow valve (3), and repeating the step a → b.