CN112890790A - Wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method - Google Patents
Wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method. The blood pressure signal acquisition module acquires two paths of blood pressure signals and sends the blood pressure signals to the blood pressure signal processing module, the two paths of blood pressure signals are subjected to filtering denoising and amplification, the time difference of the two paths of blood pressure signals is extracted, the pulse wave speed is obtained, the pulse wave speed is sent to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module, the change of the two paths of blood pressure signals is converted into the change of the blood pressure value, and the dynamic tracking of the blood pressure is further realized; the blood pressure signal acquisition module is in contact with the skin surface of the arterial blood vessel of the wrist of the monitored person to calibrate the initial blood pressure and establish the mapping relation between the actual blood pressure value and the signal value; and obtaining the pulse wave velocity, obtaining the blood pressure index, and processing to obtain accurate and real blood pressure. The invention can realize wearable, non-invasive, portable, dynamic and continuous blood pressure tracking monitoring, improve the comfort experience of the user, does not interfere with the daily activities of the user, and can reflect the blood pressure condition of the user in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a blood pressure monitoring method and a system in the field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a wearable non-invasive blood pressure dynamic tracking monitoring method and a wearable non-invasive blood pressure dynamic tracking monitoring system.
Background
At present, the number of hypertension patients in China is increasing, and the existing household monitoring instruments for hypertension mainly are arm type blood pressure monitors based on an oscillography, so that the problem of high power consumption exists due to the fact that air is required to be filled and discharged, meanwhile, the interference on a tested person is large, the instrument is particularly not suitable for dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring in the sleeping process, and continuous arterial blood pressure monitoring cannot be achieved.
At present, a wearable dynamic blood pressure monitoring mode is mainly based on a contact sensor for obtaining pulse wave transmission speed through electrocardio signals, blood oxygen signals and the like, and electronic components such as an electrocardio monitoring electrode, a blood oxygen probe and the like need to be arranged on a tested person, so that a certain monitoring burden still exists for a user, and the wearable dynamic blood pressure monitoring mode is still inconvenient.
In addition, the existing wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure monitoring system needs another reference device for frequently calibrating the wearable system, or the system is always in a stable pressurization state in the monitoring process by utilizing servo control, so that the daily use of the system is limited to a certain extent, the monitoring burden of a tested person is caused, and certain interference is caused to the daily life of a user.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the problems in the background art, the present invention is to provide a wearable non-invasive blood pressure dynamic tracking monitoring method and system, so as to simplify the wearable continuous blood pressure monitoring system and solve the technical problem that the existing blood pressure tracking method and system needs to frequently start another reference device for calibration or servo control.
The system and the method can realize non-invasive, portable, dynamic and continuous blood pressure tracking monitoring, improve the comfort experience of the user, do not interfere with the daily activities of the user, and can reflect the blood pressure condition of the user in real time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1) wearing a blood pressure signal acquisition module, wherein the blood pressure signal acquisition module is in contact with the skin surface of the arterial blood vessel of the wrist of the monitored person to calibrate the initial blood pressure, determine the initial blood pressure state of the monitored person, and establish a mapping relation between an actual blood pressure value and a signal value so as to ensure that data obtained by monitoring later can be mapped into the actual blood pressure value;
2) obtaining the pulse wave velocity;
3) and obtaining a change value of the trans-wall pressure according to the pulse wave velocity, and processing to obtain accurate and real blood pressure by combining a blood vessel compliance curve so as to realize dynamic tracking of the blood pressure.
The establishing of the mapping relation between the actual blood pressure value and the signal value comprises the following steps: the blood flow pulse wave signals of the blood pressure signal acquisition module are acquired in real time, the actual blood pressure value of a monitored person is acquired while the blood flow pulse wave signals are acquired every time, and then a linear mapping relation between the actual blood pressure value and the signal value of the blood flow pulse wave signals is established.
The blood pressure sensor in the invention refers to a blood pressure signal acquisition module.
The process for determining the initial blood pressure state of the testee comprises the following steps: an external blood pressure calibration air bag additionally applies pressure to a blood pressure sensor of a blood pressure signal acquisition module from low to high, and the intra-arterial blood pressure state at the calibration moment is determined; determining the blood pressure state directly from a clinical reference blood pressure measurement device, the blood pressure state comprising the systolic pressure PsAnd diastolic pressure PdReuse of the blood pressure index KBPThe mean blood pressure is calculated.
For example, clinical reference blood pressure measurement equipment employs a stethoscope, and the systolic pressure P is determined by the stethoscopesAnd diastolic pressure Pd。
The acquiring the pulse wave velocity includes: extracting the transmission speed of the pulse wave from the blood flow pulse wave signals acquired from the proximal end sampling position and the distal end sampling position, specifically extracting the pulse wave crest phase difference PTT of the blood flow pulse wave signals from the blood flow pulse wave signals at the proximal end sampling position and the distal end sampling positionpeakOr pulse wave trough phase difference PTTvalleyPTT with the peak phase difference of pulse wavepeakOr pulse wave crest phase difference PTTvalleyThe pulse wave transmission speed is obtained as the pulse wave transmission time difference.
The 3) is specifically as follows:
3.1) general purposeProcessing the time difference of the blood flow pulse wave signals passing through the proximal sampling position 33 and the distal sampling position 32 to obtain the pulse wave velocity, and determining the change value delta P of the arterial blood vessel transmural pressure by checking the pulse wave velocitytranThen using the change value delta P of the arterial blood vessel transmural pressuretranAs the mean blood pressure variation value Δ Pmean(ii) a Arterial duct transmural pressure variation delta PtranThe calculation is as follows:
wherein, PWTT0Is the initial pulse wave propagation time difference of the current wearing pressurization measurement; the delta PWTT is the propagation time difference of pulse waves in the monitoring process and can be obtained by monitoring two paths of signals through a cross-correlation method or hardware; gamma is an adjusting parameter, and the calibration of the adjusting parameter can be completed by utilizing a height difference experiment of a measuring position and a heart position, or the calibration can be realized by accurately controlling a pressurizing process;
3.2) determination of the blood pressure status directly by the clinical reference blood pressure measuring equipment, in particular by the stethoscope determining the systolic pressure PsAnd diastolic pressure PdReuse of the blood pressure index KBPThe mean blood pressure is calculated.
By blood pressure index KBPThe following formula is used to calculate the initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer:
Pmean＝KBPPs+(1+KBP)Pd
wherein, PmeanRepresenting an initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer;
3.3) converting the difference value of the maximum wave crest minus the minimum wave trough in the wave form of the blood flow pulse wave signals to obtain the alternating current change P of the blood pressure by selecting one of the blood flow pulse wave signals collected at the proximal end sampling position and the distal end sampling position and then obtaining the alternating current change P of the blood pressuremea.AC；
3.1) alternating changes P according to blood pressuremea.ACMean blood pressure change value Δ PmeanInitial arterial mean blood pressure P of the wearermeanThe real blood pressure is calculated according to the following formula, so that accurate tracking monitoring is realized:
P＝Pmean+ΔPmean+KcKmodi.ACPmea.AC
wherein P represents true blood pressure, PmeanRepresenting an initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer, obtained by a blood pressure index calculation; delta PmeanRepresents the mean blood pressure change value, KcCorrection of parameters for signals corresponding to vascular compliance, Kmodi.ACRepresenting individual regulatory parameters, Pmea.ACIndicating an alternating change in blood pressure.
The individual regulation parameter Kmodi.ACThe calculation is as follows:
Kmodi.AC＝Pmea.maxAC/PBP.AC
wherein, PBP.ACIndicates the initial blood pressure differential value of wearing, Pmea.maxACRepresenting the maximum amplitude of the pulse signal acquired during the application of force.
The method of the invention adopts 'average blood pressure + differential pressure (difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure) + blood pressure index' to completely determine the blood pressure state, is more favorable for comprehensively expressing blood pressure information, and is favorable for realizing dynamic blood pressure tracking by utilizing the coupling relation of a direct current component and an alternating current component in a blood pressure sensing signal.
The method adopts the following blood pressure tracking and monitoring system, comprising the following steps:
the blood pressure signal acquisition module is arranged on the skin surface of the artery blood vessel at the wrist of the monitored person and used for acquiring two paths of blood pressure signals of the sampling position at the wrist of the monitored person and then sending the two paths of blood pressure signals to the blood pressure signal processing module;
the blood pressure signal processing module is connected to the blood pressure signal acquisition module and used for filtering, denoising, amplifying and extracting the time difference of the two paths of blood pressure signals received and acquired from the blood pressure signal acquisition module so as to obtain the pulse wave velocity and sending the two paths of blood pressure signals and the pulse wave velocity to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module;
and the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module is connected to the blood pressure signal processing module and is used for converting the change of the two paths of blood pressure signals received from the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module into the change of the blood pressure value to obtain the blood pressure value, so that the dynamic tracking of the blood pressure is realized.
The blood pressure tracking and monitoring system further comprises: and the dynamic blood pressure display module is connected to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module and is used for receiving and displaying the blood pressure value obtained by dynamic tracking monitoring from the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module.
The blood pressure tracking and monitoring system further comprises: and the signal transmission module is connected to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module, and is used for receiving the blood pressure value obtained by dynamic tracking monitoring of the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module and transmitting the blood pressure value to a background data management system, such as a health management system.
The blood pressure signal acquisition module is provided with two detection ends, namely a proximal end sampling detection end and a distal end sampling detection end, wherein the proximal end sampling detection end and the distal end sampling detection end are respectively contacted with a proximal end sampling position and a distal end sampling position on a radial artery on the surface of the skin of the wrist of the monitored person.
The blood pressure tracking and monitoring system further comprises: the wrist watch wrist strap module comprises a wrist watch body and a wrist strap, wherein the wrist watch body is connected with the wrist strap, a signal processing and transmitting module is arranged on the wrist watch body, and the signal processing and transmitting module mainly comprises a blood pressure signal acquisition module, a blood pressure signal processing module and a blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a blood pressure signal acquisition module which adopts two blood pressure sensors and can monitor two blood pressure pulse signals at the wrist of a tested person at the same time so as to obtain the pulse wave transmission time difference.
Then, after the initial blood pressure calibration stage, the method does not need to frequently start reference measurement in one wearing measurement period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts 'average blood pressure + differential pressure (the difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure) + blood pressure index' to represent the blood pressure state, is more favorable for comprehensively expressing blood pressure information, and is favorable for realizing dynamic blood pressure tracking by utilizing the coupling relation of a direct current component and an alternating current component in a blood pressure sensing signal.
The invention provides a blood pressure signal acquisition module, which adopts two parallel blood pressure signal acquisition channels, can simultaneously acquire blood pressure signals of two different sampling positions of the wrist of a tested person and is convenient for acquiring the transmission time of pulse waves.
After the initial blood pressure calibration stage, the invention does not need to frequently start reference measurement and does not need frequent calibration or servo control in one wearing measurement period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic blood pressure tracking monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic blood pressure tracking monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a view of an application scenario of the dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of initial calibration of wearing of a dynamic blood pressure tracking monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a blood pressure tracking method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of pulse transmission speed or transmission time according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
In the figure: 1. a dynamic blood pressure tracking monitoring system; 11. the device comprises a blood pressure signal acquisition module 12, a blood pressure signal processing module 13, a blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module 14, a dynamic blood pressure display module 15 and a signal output module; 21. the wrist watch comprises a wrist watch body, 22, a wrist strap, 24, a signal processing and transmitting module 32, a far-end sampling position, 33, a near-end sampling position, 34, a radial artery, 41, a blood pressure calibration air bag, 42, a human wrist schematic diagram, 43 and a controllable air source.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the blood pressure tracking and monitoring system 1 includes:
the blood pressure signal acquisition module 11 is arranged on the skin surface of the artery blood vessel at the wrist of the monitored person, and is used for acquiring two paths of blood pressure signals of the sampling position at the wrist of the monitored person and sending the two paths of blood pressure signals to the blood pressure signal processing module;
the blood pressure signal processing module 12 is connected to the blood pressure signal acquiring module 11, and is configured to filter, denoise, amplify and extract a time difference between the two blood pressure signals received and acquired from the blood pressure signal acquiring module, so as to obtain a pulse wave velocity, that is, a transmission velocity of the pulse wave, and send the two blood pressure signals and the pulse wave velocity to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value converting module;
and the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module 13 is connected to the blood pressure signal processing module 12, and is used for converting changes of the two paths of blood pressure signals received from the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module into changes of blood pressure values, establishing a blood pressure tracking model, tracking the blood pressure changes by combining the pulse wave velocity, obtaining the blood pressure values, and further realizing dynamic tracking of the blood pressure.
The blood pressure tracking and monitoring system 1 further includes: and the dynamic blood pressure display module 14 is connected to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module and is used for receiving and displaying the blood pressure value obtained by dynamic tracking monitoring of the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module.
The blood pressure tracking and monitoring system 1 further includes: and the signal transmission module 15 is connected to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module, and is used for receiving the blood pressure value obtained by dynamic tracking monitoring of the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module and transmitting the blood pressure value to a background data management system, such as a medical health management system.
As shown in fig. 3, the blood pressure signal acquiring module 11 has two detecting ends, namely a proximal end sampling detecting end and a distal end sampling detecting end, and the proximal end sampling detecting end and the distal end sampling detecting end respectively contact a proximal end sampling position 33 and a distal end sampling position 32 on a radial artery 34 on the skin surface of the wrist of the monitored person.
In this embodiment, the blood pressure signal obtaining module 11 adopts two blood pressure sensors to simultaneously detect two blood pressure pulse signals at the wrist of the detected person.
As shown in fig. 2, a wrist watch wrist strap module is further provided, which includes a wrist watch body 21 and a wrist strap 22, the wrist watch body 21 is connected with the wrist strap 22, a signal processing and transmitting module 24 is arranged on the wrist watch body 21, the signal processing and transmitting module 24 is mainly composed of a blood pressure signal acquiring module 11, a blood pressure signal processing module 12 and a blood pressure signal and blood pressure value converting module 13, and may further include a dynamic blood pressure display module 14 and a signal transmitting module 15, so that each functional module in the wearable non-invasive blood pressure dynamic tracking and monitoring system is positioned and fixedly installed.
The signal transmission method adopted by the signal transmission module 15 includes: wired transmission and wireless transmission. The condition can be applied to the real-time or uploading of the blood pressure data of the monitored person to a medical system or the hands of the monitored person, so that the information sharing degree is improved, and the problem can be found conveniently in time. Of course, the application scenario of the signal transmission module 15 is not limited to the above example, and may be correspondingly configured according to actual needs.
The dynamic blood pressure display module 14 is a tablet computer or a smart phone. The ambulatory blood pressure display module 14 may be implemented in display hardware, including: a display screen, a display terminal, or other display devices, etc., and may also be a software interface for displaying, such as: mobile phone APP, public number applet, etc., or may be various ways of combining software and hardware, and the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments.
The wrist strap in the wrist strap and wrist watch module is a flexible silk strap.
In this embodiment, the blood pressure signal obtaining module 11 employs a flexible pressure sensor to simultaneously detect two blood pressure pulse signals at the wrist of the detected person.
A signal processing and transmission module 24 for processing the blood pressure signal and wirelessly transmitting the blood pressure signal via bluetooth, typically an integrated printed circuit board.
Referring to fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the ambulatory blood pressure tracking and monitoring device is worn on the left wrist of the subject, and the blood pressure signal acquiring module 11 is worn on the radial artery 34 of the left wrist, and simultaneously acquires blood pressure pulse signals of the far-center sampling position 32 and the near-center sampling position 33 of the wrist of the subject.
Referring to fig. 5, the blood pressure tracking implementation process disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
step S201: calibrating wearing initial blood pressure;
the wearing initial blood pressure calibration process comprises the following steps:
after the wrist band wristwatch module is worn, as shown in fig. 4, a blood pressure calibration air bag 41 is used for carrying out wearing initial blood pressure calibration, wherein the blood pressure calibration air bag 41 is externally connected with a controllable air source 42 for inflation and deflation, the blood pressure calibration air bag 41 is in contact joint with a blood pressure signal acquisition module, pressure is additionally applied to a blood pressure sensor of the blood pressure signal acquisition module from low to high by inflating the blood pressure calibration air bag 41, the blood pressure calibration air bag is an additional reference device and is not connected with the blood pressure signal acquisition module, and the blood pressure calibration air bag is in contact joint with the blood pressure signal acquisition module in the calibration process, so that the blood pressure signal acquisition module is externally pressurized to experience calibration of average blood pressure Pcali.meanAnd calibrating the systolic pressure Pcali.sysThe alternating signals of the blood pressure signal acquisition modules corresponding to the two pressure points are respectively maximum amplitude and disappearance of the alternating signals, and the corresponding calibrated average blood pressure P is determined and obtained according to the signal positions of the maximum amplitude and the disappearance of the alternating signalscali.meanAnd calibrating the systolic pressure Pcali.sysDetermining the state of the blood pressure in the arterial duct at the calibration moment, namely the systolic pressure P measured by the blood pressure measuring systems' and diastolic pressure Pd', calculating the blood pressure index K of the wearing measurement periodBP＝(Pcali.mean-Pd′)/(Ps′-Pd′)。
Then directly determining the blood pressure state by a clinical reference blood pressure measuring device, specifically determining the systolic pressure P by a stethoscopesAnd diastolic pressure PdReuse of the blood pressure index KBPThe mean blood pressure is calculated.
By blood pressure index KBPThe following formula was used to calculate the initial arterial mean blood pressure:
Pmearn＝KBPPs+(1+KBP)Pd
wherein, PmearnRepresenting an initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer;
step S202: establishing a mapping relation between an actual blood pressure value and a signal value;
for wearable blood pressure measurement, due to the characteristics of different wearing positions and tightness and dynamic change of the blood pressure state of a human body at each time, a blood pressure calibration process is required for wearing at each time, and the relationship between the output signal of the blood pressure signal acquisition module worn at this time and the actual blood pressure is determined: prealK S, wherein PrealAnd the actual blood pressure value is obtained, S is the output signal value of the blood pressure signal acquisition module, and k is a calibration coefficient obtained in the calibration process.
Step S203: and extracting the time difference of the blood pressure signals pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart from the obtained blood pressure signals to the proximal end sampling position and the distal end sampling position of the wrist respectively so as to obtain the transmission speed of the pulse wave.
Step S204: determining a variation value of the arterial vessel transmural pressure by checking a Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV);
after the blood pressure calibration is finished, the wrist strap and wrist watch module works in a certain low external pressure state, the external pressure is reflected in a direct current component of a signal of the blood pressure signal acquisition module and should not change in the wearing process (except a false signal generated by human body movement), and the direct current signal can be changed when the blood pressure state changes under the standard measurement condition.
And whether the blood pressure state changes is determined by dynamically monitoring the direct current signal value output by the blood pressure signal acquisition module. The change value of the dc signal value is not directly equal to the average blood pressure change value, and thus the average blood pressure change value cannot be calculated by directly detecting the change value of the dc signal. Under the standard measurement conditions specified by IEEE 2014-1708, the external pressurization is considered to be consistent in certain wearing measurement, and no muscle action additional pressure exists, and under such conditions, the change value delta P of the arterial vessel transmural pressure can be consideredtran＝ΔPmean. The method adopts the speed of the detected pulse wave to determine the change value delta P of the arterial vessel transmural pressuretranThen using the change value delta P of the arterial blood vessel transmural pressuretranAs the mean blood pressure variation value Δ Pmean。
Establishing an averageBlood pressure tracking model expression as PBP.mean＝Pmean+ΔPmeanWhere P ismeanIs the initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer.
Obtaining pulse wave velocity through time difference processing of signals of a proximal end sampling position 33 and a distal end sampling position 32, and determining a variation value delta P of arterial blood vessel transmural pressure through checking the pulse wave velocitytranThen using the change value delta P of the arterial blood vessel transmural pressuretranAs the mean blood pressure variation value Δ PmeanThe distance between the two pressure sensors of the blood pressure signal acquisition module is known and is a fixed distance, so the pulse wave propagation speed can be represented by the pulse wave propagation time difference.
Arterial duct transmural pressure variation delta PtranThe pulse wave velocity blood pressure measurement method comprises the following steps:
wherein PWTT0Measuring the initial pulse wave propagation time difference of the wearing low-pressure measurement; the delta PWTT is the propagation time difference of pulse waves in the monitoring process and can be obtained by monitoring two paths of signals through a cross-correlation method or hardware; gamma is an adjusting parameter, and the calibration of the adjusting parameter can be completed by using a height difference experiment of a measuring position and a heart position, or can be obtained by accurately controlling a pressurizing process.
Step S205: the blood pressure tracking is realized by combining the arterial blood vessel compliance curve, and the complete blood pressure information is determined;
the arterial blood pressure signal is locally excited for an input interface of the blood pressure signal acquisition module, and the influence of compliance factors and wearing deviation is considered.
The blood pressure signal synthesis model is expressed as:
P＝Pmean+ΔPmean+KcKmodi.ACPmea.AC
wherein P represents true blood pressure, PmeanTo representAn initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer, obtained by a blood pressure index calculation; delta PmeanRepresents the mean blood pressure change value, KcCorrection of parameters for signals corresponding to vascular compliance, KcThe total tracking process needs to be controlled by delta PtranAnd PmeanDynamic acquisition by vascular compliance curves, Kmodi.ACRepresenting individual regulatory parameters, Pmea.ACRepresenting alternating changes in blood pressure;
alternating change in blood pressure Pmea.ACThe blood flow pulse wave signals are obtained by converting the difference value of the maximum peak minus the minimum valley in the waveform of the blood flow pulse wave signals through an alternative method of the blood flow pulse wave signals acquired at the proximal end sampling position 33 and the distal end sampling position 32.
The individual regulation parameter Kmodi.ACThe calculation is as follows:
Kmodi.AC＝Pmea.maxAC/PBP.AC
wherein, PBP.ACIndicates the initial blood pressure differential value of wearing, Pmea.maxACRepresenting the maximum amplitude of the pulse signal acquired during the application of force.
It can be seen that the individual modulation parameter Kmodi.ACIs the ratio of the blood pressure differential value at the beginning of wearing to the maximum amplitude of the pulse signal obtained by the measuring signal in the process of applying external force, and can be considered as unchanged in the process of wearing and measuring for a certain time.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the average blood pressure, the differential pressure (the difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure) and the blood pressure index to represent the blood pressure state, is more favorable for comprehensively expressing the blood pressure information and is favorable for realizing the dynamic blood pressure tracking by utilizing the coupling relation between the direct current component and the alternating current component in the blood pressure sensing signal; meanwhile, the blood pressure signal acquisition module is provided, two parallel blood pressure signal acquisition channels are adopted, blood pressure signals of two different sampling positions of the wrist of a monitored person can be acquired, and the transmission time of pulse waves is convenient to acquire. And then after an initial blood pressure calibration stage, the reference measurement does not need to be started frequently in one wearing measurement period, and frequent calibration or servo control is not needed.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A wearable non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure tracking monitoring method, the method comprising:
1) wearing a blood pressure signal acquisition module (11), wherein the blood pressure signal acquisition module (11) is in contact with the skin surface of the arterial blood vessel of the wrist of the monitored person to calibrate the initial blood pressure and establish a mapping relation between an actual blood pressure value and a signal value so as to ensure that data obtained by monitoring later can be mapped into the actual blood pressure value;
2) obtaining the pulse wave velocity;
3) and obtaining a change value of the trans-wall pressure according to the pulse wave velocity, and processing to obtain accurate and real blood pressure by combining a blood vessel compliance curve so as to realize dynamic tracking of the blood pressure.
2. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the establishing of the mapping relation between the actual blood pressure value and the signal value comprises the following steps: blood flow pulse wave signals of the blood pressure signal acquisition module (11) are measured and acquired for multiple times in real time, the actual blood pressure value of a monitored person is acquired while the blood flow pulse wave signals are acquired every time, and then a linear mapping relation between the actual blood pressure value and the signal value of the blood flow pulse wave signals is established.
3. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the process for determining the initial blood pressure state of the testee comprises the following steps: the external blood pressure calibration air bag additionally applies pressure to a blood pressure sensor of a blood pressure signal acquisition module (11) from low to high to determine the intra-arterial blood pressure at the calibration momentA state; determining the blood pressure state directly from a clinical reference blood pressure measurement device, the blood pressure state comprising the systolic pressure PsAnd diastolic pressure PdReuse of the blood pressure index KBPThe mean blood pressure is calculated.
4. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the acquiring the pulse wave velocity includes: extracting the transmission speed of the pulse wave from the blood flow pulse wave signals acquired from the proximal end sampling position and the distal end sampling position, specifically extracting the pulse wave crest phase difference PTT of the blood flow pulse wave signals from the blood flow pulse wave signals at the proximal end sampling position and the distal end sampling positionpeakOr pulse wave trough phase difference PTTvalleyPTT with the peak phase difference of pulse wavepeakOr pulse wave crest phase difference PTTvalleyThe pulse wave transmission speed is obtained as the pulse wave transmission time difference.
5. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the 3) is specifically as follows:
3.1) obtaining the pulse wave velocity through the time difference processing of the blood flow pulse wave signals at the proximal end sampling position 33 and the distal end sampling position 32, and determining the change value delta P of the arterial vessel transmural pressure by checking the pulse wave velocitytranThen using the change value delta P of the arterial blood vessel transmural pressuretranAs the mean blood pressure variation value Δ Pmean(ii) a Arterial duct transmural pressure variation delta PtranThe calculation is as follows:
wherein, PWTT0Is the initial pulse wave propagation time difference of the current wearing pressurization measurement; Δ PWTT is the pulse wave propagation time difference during monitoring; gamma is an adjustment parameter;
3.2) directly from the clinical ginsengDetermining the blood pressure state of the blood pressure measuring device, in particular the systolic blood pressure P by means of a stethoscopesAnd diastolic pressure PdReuse of the blood pressure index KBPThe mean blood pressure is calculated.
By blood pressure index KBPThe following formula is used to calculate the initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer:
Pmean＝KBPPs+(1+KBP)Pd
wherein, PmeanRepresenting an initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer;
3.3) converting the difference value of the maximum wave crest minus the minimum wave trough in the wave form of the blood flow pulse wave signals to obtain the alternating current change P of the blood pressure by selecting one from the blood flow pulse wave signals collected at a proximal end sampling position (33) and a distal end sampling position (32)mea.AC；
3.1) alternating changes P according to blood pressuremea.ACMean blood pressure change value Δ PmeanInitial arterial mean blood pressure P of the wearermeanThe real blood pressure is calculated according to the following formula, so that accurate tracking monitoring is realized:
P＝Pmean+ΔPmean+KcKmodi.ACPmea.AC
wherein P represents true blood pressure, PmeanRepresenting an initial arterial mean blood pressure of the wearer, obtained by a blood pressure index calculation; delta PmeanRepresents the mean blood pressure change value, KcModifying parameters for the signal, Kmodi.ACRepresenting individual regulatory parameters, Pmea.ACIndicating an alternating change in blood pressure.
6. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method employs the following blood pressure tracking monitoring system (1), comprising:
the blood pressure signal acquisition module (11) is placed on the surface of the arterial blood vessel skin of the wrist of the monitored person and used for acquiring two paths of blood pressure signals of the sampling position of the wrist of the monitored person and sending the two paths of blood pressure signals to the blood pressure signal processing module;
the blood pressure signal processing module (12) is connected to the blood pressure signal acquisition module (11) and is used for filtering, denoising, amplifying and extracting the time difference of the two paths of blood pressure signals received and acquired from the blood pressure signal acquisition module so as to obtain the pulse wave velocity, and sending the two paths of blood pressure signals and the pulse wave velocity to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module;
and the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module (13) is connected to the blood pressure signal processing module (12) and is used for converting the change of the two paths of blood pressure signals received from the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module into the change of the blood pressure value to obtain the real blood pressure so as to realize the dynamic tracking of the blood pressure.
7. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the blood pressure tracking and monitoring system (1) further comprises:
and the dynamic blood pressure display module (14) is connected to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module and is used for receiving and displaying the blood pressure value obtained by dynamic tracking monitoring from the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module.
8. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the blood pressure tracking and monitoring system (1) further comprises:
and the signal transmission module (15) is connected to the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module, and is used for receiving the blood pressure value obtained by dynamic tracking monitoring from the blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module and transmitting the blood pressure value to the background data management system.
9. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the blood pressure signal acquisition module (11) has two detection ends of a proximal end sampling detection end and a distal end sampling detection end, and the proximal end sampling detection end and the distal end sampling detection end respectively contact a proximal end sampling position (33) and a distal end sampling position (32) on a radial artery (34) on the surface of the skin of the wrist of the monitored person.
10. The wearable noninvasive dynamic blood pressure tracking and monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the blood pressure tracking and monitoring system (1) further comprises:
the wrist watch wrist strap module comprises a wrist watch body (21) and a wrist strap (22), wherein the wrist watch body (21) is connected with the wrist strap (22), a signal processing and transmitting module (24) is arranged on the wrist watch body (21), and the signal processing and transmitting module (24) mainly comprises a blood pressure signal acquisition module (11), a blood pressure signal processing module (12) and a blood pressure signal and blood pressure value conversion module (13).
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