CN112887729B - Image coding and decoding method and device - Google Patents
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/48—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using compressed domain processing techniques other than decoding, e.g. modification of transform coefficients, variable length coding [VLC] data or run-length data
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for encoding and decoding an image. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps: respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels; scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data; and generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data. The invention solves the technical problem of character blurring in the process of lossy compression of the image on the characters.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of image technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for encoding and decoding an image.
Background
According to the difference of the quality of the compressed file, the compression technology is divided into the following steps: lossy compression and lossless compression. Commonly used lossy compression techniques, such as: the JPEG has the problem of fuzzy characters when the JPEG compresses the characters; but using lossless compression methods such as: when the PNG compresses the text, the compressed picture is too large.
In order to solve the problem of character blurring in the process of lossy compression of the image, no effective solution is proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for encoding and decoding an image, which are used for at least solving the technical problem of character blurring in the process of lossy compression of the image on characters.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an image encoding method, including: respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels; scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data; and generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data.
Optionally, the scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence includes: dividing data in each channel according to line data; scanning the line data according to the sequence from left to right; the line data is scanned in order from top to bottom.
Optionally, the obtaining the encoded data by comparing the difference between each value in each line of data and the first data includes: judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is greater than a preset value; under the condition that the judgment result is negative, counting is carried out, and whether the difference value between the subsequent data and the first data of each numerical value is larger than a preset value or not is compared according to a preset sequence until the data with the difference value larger than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the coded data of each row of data; if the judgment result is yes, the numerical values are recorded, and data encoded for each line of data is generated.
Further, optionally, generating the code table and the code stream according to the encoded data includes: respectively acquiring data after each row of data coding; and generating a code table and a code stream according to the data after each row of data coding.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an image decoding method, including: acquiring a coded code stream and a code table; decoding the code stream according to the code table; and the data in each channel is scanned according to a preset sequence, and the decoded data is obtained by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an image encoding apparatus, including: the classification module is used for respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels; the encoding module is used for scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence and encoding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain encoded data; and the generating module is used for generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data.
Optionally, the encoding module includes: the dividing unit is used for dividing the data in each channel according to the row data; the first scanning unit is used for scanning the line data according to the sequence from left to right; and the second scanning unit is used for scanning the line data from top to bottom.
Optionally, the encoding module further includes: the judging unit is used for judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each line of data and the first data in each line of data is larger than a preset value or not; the first coding unit is used for counting under the condition that the judgment result is negative, and comparing whether the difference value between the subsequent data and the first data of each numerical value is larger than a preset value according to a preset sequence until the data of which the difference value is larger than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the coded data of each row of data; and the second coding unit is used for recording each numerical value and generating data after coding each row of data when the judgment result is yes.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for decoding an image, including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the coded code stream and the code table; the decoding module is used for decoding the code stream according to the code table; and the data in each channel is scanned according to a preset sequence, and the decoded data is obtained by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a nonvolatile storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein when the program runs, a device in which the nonvolatile storage medium is controlled to execute the method.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a processor, configured to execute a program, where the program executes the method described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, the images to be processed are respectively processed according to the number of the channels; scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data; according to the coded data, a code table and a code stream are generated, and the purpose of avoiding character blurring is achieved, so that the technical effect of obtaining a better compression effect between the definition and the size of a compressed picture when a character picture is compressed is achieved, and the technical problem of character blurring in the process of lossy compression of the picture on the characters is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of image encoding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an 8 × 8 image in the method of encoding an image according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart diagram of a method of image decoding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating decoding in a method of image decoding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for image encoding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for image decoding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method embodiment of a method of image encoding, it being noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the figure may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for encoding an image according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps at an encoding end:
step S102, processing the images to be processed according to the number of channels;
specifically, the image coding and compressing method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to computer image processing (for example, pictures and characters displayed by a computer), video image processing;
in the embodiment of the present application, the channels of an image are processed separately, for example: RGBA is divided into: r, G, B and R, YUV is divided into Y, U, V three channels; each channel is processed similarly, except that the data processed is different.
Step S104, scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data;
optionally, the scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence includes: dividing data in each channel according to row data; scanning the line data according to a sequence from left to right; the line data is scanned in order from top to bottom.
Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an 8 × 8 image in the image coding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, taking data of one channel as an example, in an image with a size of 8 × 8, scanning is started from the top left corner in the order from top to bottom and from left to right. That is, the data of each line is scanned line by line in the order from left to right.
Optionally, the obtaining the encoded data by comparing the difference between each value in each line of data and the first data includes: judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is larger than a preset value or not; under the condition that the judgment result is negative, counting is carried out, and whether the difference value between the subsequent data and the first data of each numerical value is larger than a preset value or not is compared according to a preset sequence until the data with the difference value larger than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the coded data of each row of data; if the judgment result is yes, the numerical values are recorded, and data encoded for each line of data is generated.
Specifically, each line of data is encoded based on the scanning sequence, and the encoding method is as follows:
and step 2, judging whether the absolute value of the obtained difference is less than or equal to a preset value 2, if so, continuing to scan the next difference, and counting the value +1 until a numerical value of which the absolute value of the difference with the first data is not less than or equal to 2 is found.
After the above processing, it is found that the difference to the second last 69 of the first row is smaller than the preset value T (as shown in fig. 2), and at this time, the number of all the values of the difference scanned this time within the preset value range is output as 6, and then the data is encoded as: 71 71 06. In actual operation 71 06 is recorded in an array. Here, recording 71 twice repeatedly represents that 71 has a plurality of repetitions, i.e., the number of repetitions is two values after 71.
When the last two data in the first row are 68 and 69, since the difference between 68 and 69 is less than or equal to 2, the data in the first row is encoded in the above manner to obtain the encoded data: 71 71 06 68 68 02.
And 3, continuing encoding according to the method in the step 2 until the third line is finished, and obtaining the encoded data of the first three lines as follows:
71, 06, 68 02 of data after the first line of data is coded;
the data after the second row of data coding is 72 06 69 02;
the data after the third row of data coding is 72;
and 4, obtaining the data after the fourth line data coding as follows because the adjacent difference values of the first 6 values of the fourth line are not in the preset value range: 69 64 59 53 57;
similarly, the data obtained after the fifth-eighth line data coding is as follows:
the data after the fifth row data coding is as follows: 63 53 158 255 157 55;
the data encoded by the sixth line of data is: 60 45 153 220 221 41;
the data encoded by the seventh row of data are: 56 37, 148, 182 219 113;
the data after the eighth line of data coding is: 52 28 145, 182, 102;
and step S106, generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data.
Further, optionally, generating the code table and the code stream according to the encoded data includes: respectively acquiring data after each row of data is coded; and generating a code table and a code stream according to the data coded by each row of data.
Specifically, according to the data encoded in step S104, huffman encoding is performed on the numerical values recorded in the array, and then the generated code table and code stream are stored.
In the embodiment of the invention, the images to be processed are respectively processed according to the number of the channels; scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data; according to the coded data, a code table and a code stream are generated, and the purpose of avoiding character blurring is achieved, so that the technical effect of obtaining a better compression effect between definition and the size of a compressed picture when a character picture is compressed is achieved, and the technical problem of character blurring in the process of lossy compression of the picture on the characters is solved.
Example 2
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an image decoding method, and fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the image decoding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, at a decoding end, the method includes:
step S202, acquiring a coded code stream and a code table;
wherein, the Huffman code table and the code stream provided by the encoding end in the embodiment 1 are obtained.
Step S204, decoding the code stream according to the code table; and the data in each channel is scanned according to a preset sequence, and the decoded data is obtained by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data.
Specifically, the decoding is performed according to the inverse process of the encoding method in embodiment 1, so as to obtain the decoding result shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of the decoding in the image decoding method according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, since the character edges are smoothed after decoding in accordance with the encoding method in embodiment 1, the problem of character blurring does not occur.
Example 3
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for encoding an image, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for encoding an image according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, including: the classification module 52 is configured to process the images to be processed according to the number of channels; the encoding module 54 is configured to scan the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and perform encoding by comparing a difference between each value in each row of data and the first data to obtain encoded data; and a generating module 56, configured to generate a code table and a code stream according to the encoded data.
Optionally, the encoding module 54 includes: the dividing unit is used for dividing the data in each channel according to the row data; the first scanning unit is used for scanning the line data according to the sequence from left to right; and the second scanning unit is used for scanning the line data from top to bottom.
Optionally, the encoding module 54 further includes: the judging unit is used for judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is larger than a preset value or not; the first coding unit is used for counting under the condition that the judgment result is negative, and comparing whether the difference value between the subsequent data and the first data of each numerical value is greater than a preset value according to a preset sequence until the data with the difference value greater than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the data after each row of data coding; and the second coding unit is used for recording each numerical value and generating data after coding each row of data when the judgment result is yes.
Example 4
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for decoding an image, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for decoding an image according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, including: an obtaining module 62, configured to obtain the coded code stream and the code table; a decoding module 64, configured to decode the code stream according to the code table; the data in each channel are scanned according to a preset sequence, and the decoded data are obtained by comparing the difference between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data for decoding.
Example 5
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a nonvolatile storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein, when the program runs, a device in which the nonvolatile storage medium is controlled to execute the method in the above embodiment 1 or 2.
Example 6
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a processor, configured to execute a program, where the program executes to perform the method in embodiment 1 or 2.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and reference may be made to the related description of other embodiments for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may also be implemented in the form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of image encoding, comprising:
respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels;
scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data, wherein the obtaining of the coded data comprises: judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is larger than a preset value or not; if the judgment result is negative, counting, and comparing whether the difference value between the subsequent data of each numerical value and the first data is greater than the preset value according to a preset sequence until the data of which the difference value is greater than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the coded data of each row of data; if the judgment result is yes, recording the numerical values, and generating data after each row of data is coded;
and generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence comprises:
dividing the data in each channel according to row data;
scanning the line data according to a left-to-right sequence;
and scanning the line data from top to bottom.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating a code table and a code stream according to the encoded data comprises:
respectively acquiring the data after each row of data coding;
and generating a code table and a code stream according to the data coded by each row of data.
4. A method of image decoding, comprising:
acquiring a code stream and a code table after coding, wherein the generation mode of the code stream and the code table after coding comprises the following steps: respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels; scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data, wherein the obtaining of the coded data comprises: judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is greater than a preset value; if the judgment result is negative, counting, and comparing whether the difference value between the subsequent data of each numerical value and the first data is greater than the preset value according to a preset sequence until the data of which the difference value is greater than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the coded data of each row of data; if the judgment result is yes, recording the numerical values, and generating data after each row of data is coded; generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data;
decoding the code stream according to the code table; and the data in each channel is scanned according to a preset sequence, and the decoded data is obtained by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data.
5. An apparatus for encoding an image, comprising:
the classification module is used for respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels;
the encoding module is configured to scan data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and perform encoding by comparing a difference between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain encoded data, where the encoding module further includes: the judging unit is used for judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is larger than a preset value or not; the first coding unit is used for counting under the condition that the judgment result is negative, and comparing whether the difference value between the subsequent data of each numerical value and the first data is larger than the preset value according to a preset sequence until the data of which the difference value is larger than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the coded data of each row of data; the second coding unit is used for recording the numerical values and generating the data after each row of data is coded under the condition that the judgment result is yes;
and the generating module is used for generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the encoding module comprises:
the dividing unit is used for dividing the data in each channel according to line data;
the first scanning unit is used for scanning the line data according to the sequence from left to right;
and the second scanning unit is used for scanning the line data according to the sequence from top to bottom.
7. An apparatus for decoding an image, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the coded code stream and the code table, wherein the generation mode of the coded code stream and the code table comprises the following steps: respectively processing the images to be processed according to the number of the channels; scanning the data in each channel according to a preset sequence, and coding by comparing the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data to obtain coded data, wherein the obtaining of the coded data comprises: judging whether the difference value between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data in each row of data is greater than a preset value; if the judgment result is negative, counting, and comparing whether the difference value between the subsequent data of each numerical value and the first data is greater than the preset value according to a preset sequence until the data of which the difference value is greater than the preset value is obtained; coding the first data, the data larger than the first data and the count to obtain the data after each row of data is coded; if the judgment result is yes, recording the numerical values, and generating data after each row of data is coded; generating a code table and a code stream according to the coded data; the decoding module is used for decoding the code stream according to the code table; the data in each channel are scanned according to a preset sequence, and the decoded data are obtained by comparing the difference between each numerical value in each row of data and the first data for decoding.
8. A non-volatile storage medium, comprising a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, controls a device in which the non-volatile storage medium is located to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
9. A processor, characterized in that the processor is configured to run a program, wherein the program when running performs the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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