CN112887709A - Image transmission quality evaluation method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The disclosure provides an image transmission quality evaluation method, an image transmission quality evaluation device and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of data transmission, and can solve the problem that an evaluation result is not accurate enough in the conventional image transmission quality evaluation method. The specific technical scheme is as follows: in the process of sending image data to a receiving end by a sending end, obtaining first image data sent by the sending end and second image data received by the receiving end; the first image data comprises first index frame data and first non-index frame data, and the second image data comprises second index frame data and second non-index frame data; calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data, the image frame including: an index frame and a non-index frame; and evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame. The invention is used for evaluating the transmission quality of the image.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of data transmission technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for evaluating image transmission quality.
Background
The transmission quality of the image directly influences the product quality, meanwhile, the method is very critical to the experience effect of a user, the evaluation of the image transmission quality at present mainly depends on the evaluation of artificial subjective judgment, many indexes and effects are completely judged by human eyes, the subjective dependence of the method is relatively strong, the subjective perceptions of different testers are quite different by the same picture, the obtained image quality conclusion is quite different, and the evaluation result is not accurate enough. Therefore, a quantifiable image transmission quality evaluation method independent of subjective judgment is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an image transmission quality evaluation method, an image transmission quality evaluation device, an image transmission quality evaluation apparatus and a storage medium, which can solve the problem that an evaluation result is not accurate enough in the conventional image transmission quality evaluation method. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an image transmission quality evaluation method, including: in the process of sending image data to a receiving end by a sending end, obtaining first image data sent by the sending end and second image data received by the receiving end; wherein the first image data comprises first index frame data and first non-index frame data, and the second image data comprises second index frame data and second non-index frame data;
calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data, the image frame comprising: an index frame and a non-index frame; and evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame.
According to the image transmission quality evaluation method, the first image data sent by the sending end and the second image data received by the receiving end are obtained, then the loss rate of the image frame is calculated according to the first image data and the second image data, and finally the image transmission quality is evaluated according to the loss rate of the image frame. According to the image transmission quality evaluation method, index quantification is carried out on various main image indexes which are artificially and subjectively judged, the evaluation process is time-saving and labor-saving, and the image evaluation efficiency and the accuracy of the evaluation result can be greatly improved.
In one embodiment, the image frame is an index frame, and the calculating a loss rate of the image frame from the first image data and the second image data comprises:
acquiring the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data;
and calculating the loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data.
In one embodiment, the calculating the loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data includes:
calculating the quantity difference of the first index frame data and the second index frame data to obtain the loss quantity of the index frame;
and dividing the loss amount of the index frame by the number of the first index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the index frame.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is a non-indexed frame, the calculating a loss rate of the image frame from the first image data and the second image data includes:
acquiring the quantity of the first non-index frame data and the quantity of the second non-index frame data;
and calculating the loss rate of the non-index frames according to the number of the first non-index frame data and the number of the second non-index frame data.
In one embodiment, the calculating the loss rate of the non-index frame according to the number of the first non-index frame data and the number of the second non-index frame data includes:
calculating the quantity difference of the first non-index frame data and the second non-index frame data to obtain the loss quantity of the non-index frames;
and dividing the loss amount of the non-index frame data by the number of the first non-index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the non-index frame.
In one embodiment, the image frame is an index frame, and the evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame comprises:
if the loss rate of the index frame is less than a first threshold value, the image transmission quality is higher than a preset standard;
if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the image transmission quality reaches the preset standard;
and if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than a second threshold value, the image transmission quality is lower than the preset standard.
In one embodiment, the image frame is a non-indexed frame, and the evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame comprises:
if the loss rate of the non-index frame is less than a third threshold, the image transmission quality is higher than a preset standard;
if the loss rate of the non-index frame is greater than a third threshold and less than a fourth threshold, the image transmission quality reaches the preset standard;
and if the loss rate of the non-index frame is greater than a fourth threshold value, the image transmission quality is lower than the preset standard.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an image transmission quality evaluation apparatus including:
the device comprises an acquisition module, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring first image data sent by a sending end and second image data received by a receiving end in the process of sending image data to the receiving end by the sending end; wherein the first image data comprises first index frame data and first non-index frame data, and the second image data comprises second index frame data and second non-index frame data;
a calculation module for calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data, the image frame comprising: an index frame and a non-index frame;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an image transmission quality evaluation apparatus, which includes a processor and a memory, where at least one computer instruction is stored in the memory, and the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps performed in the image transmission quality evaluation method according to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, having at least one computer instruction stored therein, where the instruction is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the steps performed in the image transmission quality assessment method according to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an image transmission quality evaluation method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an image transmission quality evaluation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an image transmission quality evaluation method, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
101. the method comprises the steps of obtaining first image data sent by a sending end.
Wherein the first image data includes first index frame data and first non-index frame data.
Specifically, the sending end can collect desktop images in the image source device. The transmitting end encodes the acquired desktop image data and transmits the encoded image encoded data to the receiving end through the transfer server. And the receiving end decodes the received image coding data to restore the desktop image data.
Furthermore, data in the image source equipment is collected, after the data is counted for a period of time, the statistical data is stopped, an unstable time period between the beginning stage and the ending stage is eliminated, stable and reliable standard test data are obtained, and test evaluation is carried out.
In practical application, the transmitting end can be installed in the image source device and connected with the receiving end, and can also be connected with the receiving end outside the image source device.
102. And acquiring second image data received by the receiving end.
The second image data comprises second index frame data and second non-index frame data, and the second image data is the first image data received by the receiving end and sent by the sending end.
It should be noted that the encoding algorithm adopted in the present invention may be an inter-frame encoding algorithm, or may be other encoding algorithms, which is not limited in the present invention. In a common inter-frame coding algorithm, two frame types are included: i-frames and P-frames are arranged in a manner similar to IPPPPIPPPPIPPPP, wherein I-frames are reference frames, whose decoding is only related to the data of the current frame and not dependent on other frame data, and the decoding of P-frames requires decoding dependent on the nearest previous I-frame, i.e., the P-frame, with reference to the I-frame.
The existing related image coding algorithm may also include the following three frame types:
1) i frame: the frame is decoded only with respect to the data of the frame and independent of the data of other frames. Meanwhile, other frame data may be relied upon for decoding.
2) P-frame normal frame (P): the decoding is dependent on other already decoded frames, but does not itself act as a dependent frame for decoding other frames.
3) P frame reference frame (Pr): this type of frame itself is decoded dependent on other previous frames. Meanwhile, the frame after the frame depends on the frame when decoding the frame.
Further, the I frame or the I frame and the Pr frame is referred to as an index frame. The index frame is related to the decoding of other subsequent frames, so that the integrity of the index frame has a very important role in image quality evaluation, and once the index frame is lost, a plurality of subsequent frames cannot be decoded, so that continuous frame skipping or blocking of a video occurs, and the watching experience of a user is greatly influenced; in addition, if the P frame is lost, the video may be subjected to a screen-splash and mosaic phenomenon, and the viewing experience of the user may also be affected. Therefore, the present invention performs the evaluation of the image transmission quality by analyzing the index frame loss rate and the non-index frame loss rate.
103. A loss rate of the image frame is calculated from the first image data and the second image data.
Wherein calculating the loss rate of the image frame comprises calculating the loss rate of the index frame and the loss rate of the non-index frame.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is an index frame, calculating a loss rate of the image frame based on the first image data and the second image data includes: acquiring the number of first index frame data and the number of second index frame data; and calculating the loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data.
Specifically, calculating the loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data includes: calculating the quantity difference of the first index frame data and the second index frame data to obtain the loss quantity of the index frame; and dividing the loss amount of the index frame by the number of the first index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the index frame.
In another embodiment, when the image frame is a non-indexed frame, calculating a loss rate of the image frame based on the first image data and the second image data includes:
acquiring the quantity of first non-index frame data and the quantity of second non-index frame data;
and calculating the loss rate of the non-index frames according to the number of the first non-index frame data and the number of the second non-index frame data.
Specifically, calculating the loss rate of the non-index frame according to the number of the first non-index frame data and the number of the second non-index frame data includes: calculating the quantity difference between the first non-index frame data and the second non-index frame data to obtain the loss quantity of the non-index frames; and dividing the loss amount of the non-index frame data by the number of the first non-index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the non-index frame.
In practical application, a sending end and a receiving end respectively perform data analysis, the sending end counts the number of index frames (I frames, or I frames and Pr frames) and non-index frames (P frames) in the sent standard test data, and the receiving end also counts the number of index frames and non-index frames in the received standard test data. Then, the sending end sends the statistical data to the receiving end, or the receiving end sends the statistical data to the sending end, that is, the sending end may perform data summarization analysis, or the receiving end may perform data summarization analysis.
Further, in the summary analysis process, the sending end or the receiving end calculates the following evaluation indexes: index frame loss rate and non-index frame loss rate; wherein, the index frame loss rate is (number of index frames at sending end-number of index frames at receiving end)/number of index frames at sending end; the non-index frame loss rate is (number of non-index frames at the transmitting end-number of non-index frames at the receiving end)/number of non-index frames at the transmitting end.
104. And evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame.
Wherein evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frames comprises: the image transmission quality is evaluated according to the loss rate of the index frame, or the image transmission quality is evaluated according to the loss rate of the non-index frame, or the image transmission quality can be comprehensively evaluated according to the loss rate of the index frame and the loss rate of the non-index frame.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is an index frame, evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame includes: if the loss rate of the index frame is less than a first threshold value, the image transmission quality is higher than a preset standard;
if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the image transmission quality reaches the preset standard;
and if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than the second threshold value, the image transmission quality is lower than the preset standard.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is a non-indexed frame, evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame includes: if the loss rate of the non-index frames is less than a third threshold value, the image transmission quality is higher than a preset standard; if the loss rate of the non-index frames is greater than the third threshold and less than the fourth threshold, the image transmission quality reaches a preset standard; and if the loss rate of the non-index frames is greater than the fourth threshold, the image transmission quality is lower than a preset standard.
In practical application, aiming at the loss rate of the index frame, if the loss rate of the index frame is less than 1%, the overall watching experience effect of the related audio and video under the current picture is determined to be better; if the loss rate of the index frame is between 1% and 3%, the overall viewing experience effect is moderate, and if the loss rate of the index frame is more than 3%, the overall viewing experience effect is poor
Aiming at the loss rate of the non-index frame, if the loss rate of the non-index frame is controlled to be within 2 percent, the subjective effect of the image is better, and no screen is displayed and mosaic is generated; 2% -4%, in the effect, a small amount of slight screenings and mosaics which do not influence the experience exist; more than 4%, the effect is poor, and a screen pattern and a mosaic which influence the experience exist.
Specific quantitative tests are carried out on the main indexes to obtain the following evaluation indexes:
for overall transmission effect perception: the loss rate of the images of the sending end and the receiving end and the audio I frame or Pr frame is controlled within 1% every hour, and the overall image transmission audiovisual experience effect is good; the loss rate is 1% -3%, the image transmission quality effect is general, and the loss rate is more than 3%, the image transmission quality is poor. Aiming at the screen and the mosaic: the loss rate of the P frames of the images of the sending end and the receiving end is controlled within 2% every hour, the subjective effect of the images is good, and no screen is needed and no mosaic is needed; the loss rate is 2% -4%, the image transmission quality effect is general, and a small amount of slight screenings and mosaics which do not influence the experience exist; if the loss rate is more than 4%, the image transmission quality is poor, and a mosaic and a screen are influenced.
According to the image transmission quality evaluation method, the first image data sent by the sending end and the second image data received by the receiving end are obtained, then the loss rate of the image frame is calculated according to the first image data and the second image data, and finally the image transmission quality is evaluated according to the loss rate of the image frame. According to the image transmission quality evaluation method, index quantification is carried out on various main image indexes which are artificially and subjectively judged, the evaluation process is time-saving and labor-saving, and the image evaluation efficiency and the accuracy of the evaluation result can be greatly improved.
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an image transmission quality evaluation apparatus, where the apparatus may be installed in a transmitting end or a receiving end, or may be used as a third-party apparatus and respectively connected to the transmitting end and the receiving end in a communication manner, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes:
a first obtaining module 201, configured to obtain first image data sent by a sending end, where the first image data includes first index frame data and first non-index frame data;
a second obtaining module 202, configured to obtain second image data received by the receiving end, where the second image data includes second index frame data and second non-index frame data;
a calculating module 203, configured to calculate a loss rate of the image frame according to the first image data and the second image data;
and the evaluation module 204 is used for evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame.
In one embodiment, the first obtaining module 201 is further configured to obtain the number of the first index frame data, and the second obtaining module 202 is further configured to obtain the number of the second index frame data;
the calculating module 203 is further configured to calculate a loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data.
In an embodiment, the calculating module 203 is further configured to calculate a difference between the first index frame data and the second index frame data to obtain a loss amount of the index frame; and dividing the loss amount of the index frame by the number of the first index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the index frame.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is a non-index frame, the first obtaining module 201 is further configured to obtain a number of first non-index frame data, and the second obtaining module 202 is further configured to obtain a number of second non-index frame data;
the calculating module 203 is further configured to calculate a loss rate of the non-indexed frame according to the number of the first non-indexed frame data and the number of the second non-indexed frame data.
In an embodiment, the calculating module 203 is further configured to calculate a difference between the first non-index frame data and the second non-index frame data to obtain a loss amount of the non-index frame; and dividing the loss amount of the non-index frames by the number of the first non-index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the non-index frames.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is an index frame, the evaluation module 204 is further configured to, if the loss rate of the index frame is less than a first threshold, improve the image transmission quality over a preset standard; if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the image transmission quality reaches the preset standard; and if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than the second threshold value, the image transmission quality is lower than the preset standard.
In one embodiment, when the image frame is a non-index frame, the evaluation module 204 is further configured to, if the loss rate of the non-index frame is less than a third threshold, improve the image transmission quality above a preset standard; if the loss rate of the non-index frames is greater than the third threshold and less than the fourth threshold, the image transmission quality reaches a preset standard; and if the loss rate of the non-index frames is greater than the fourth threshold, the image transmission quality is lower than a preset standard.
According to the image transmission quality evaluation device provided by the disclosure, the first image data sent by the sending end and the second image data received by the receiving end are obtained, then the loss rate of the image frame is calculated according to the first image data and the second image data, and finally the image transmission quality is evaluated according to the loss rate of the image frame. The image transmission quality evaluation device provided by the disclosure performs index quantification aiming at various main image indexes which are artificially and subjectively judged, saves time and labor in the evaluation process, and can greatly improve the image evaluation efficiency and the accuracy of the evaluation result.
Based on the image transmission quality evaluation method described in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium, for example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like. The storage medium stores computer instructions for executing the image transmission quality evaluation method described in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, which is not described herein again.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An image transmission quality evaluation method, characterized by comprising:
in the process of sending image data to a receiving end by a sending end, obtaining first image data sent by the sending end and second image data received by the receiving end; wherein the first image data comprises first index frame data and first non-index frame data, and the second image data comprises second index frame data and second non-index frame data;
calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data, the image frame comprising: an index frame and a non-index frame;
and evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the image frame is an index frame, and wherein calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data comprises:
acquiring the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data;
and calculating the loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein calculating the loss rate of the index frame according to the number of the first index frame data and the number of the second index frame data comprises:
calculating the quantity difference between the first index frame data and the second index frame data to obtain the loss quantity of the index frame;
and dividing the loss amount of the index frame by the number of the first index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the index frame.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the image frame is a non-indexed frame, and wherein calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data comprises:
acquiring the quantity of the first non-index frame data and the quantity of the second non-index frame data;
and calculating the loss rate of the non-index frames according to the number of the first non-index frame data and the number of the second non-index frame data.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein calculating the non-indexed frame loss rate based on the number of first non-indexed frame data and the number of second non-indexed frame data comprises:
calculating the quantity difference between the first non-index frame data and the second non-index frame data to obtain the loss quantity of the non-index frames;
and dividing the loss amount of the non-index frames by the number of the first non-index frame data to obtain the loss rate of the non-index frames.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the image frames are index frames, and the evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frames comprises:
if the loss rate of the index frame is less than a first threshold value, the image transmission quality is higher than a preset standard;
if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the image transmission quality reaches the preset standard;
and if the loss rate of the index frame is greater than a second threshold value, the image transmission quality is lower than the preset standard.
7. The method of any one of claims 1, 4 and 5, wherein the image frames are non-indexed frames, and wherein evaluating image transmission quality based on a loss rate of the image frames comprises:
if the loss rate of the non-index frame is less than a third threshold, the image transmission quality is higher than a preset standard;
if the loss rate of the non-index frame is greater than a third threshold and less than a fourth threshold, the image transmission quality reaches the preset standard;
and if the loss rate of the non-index frame is greater than a fourth threshold value, the image transmission quality is lower than the preset standard.
8. An image transmission quality evaluation apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the device comprises an acquisition module, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring first image data sent by a sending end and second image data received by a receiving end in the process of sending image data to the receiving end by the sending end; wherein the first image data comprises first index frame data and first non-index frame data, and the second image data comprises second index frame data and second non-index frame data;
a calculation module for calculating a loss rate of an image frame from the first image data and the second image data, the image frame comprising: an index frame and a non-index frame;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the image transmission quality according to the loss rate of the image frame.
9. An image transmission quality evaluation apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a processor and a memory, in which at least one computer instruction is stored, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps performed in the image transmission quality evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon at least one computer instruction, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the steps performed in the image transmission quality evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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