CN112884860A - Water surface ripple effect generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Water surface ripple effect generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for generating a water surface ripple effect, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: creating a virtual camera in an observation space and determining camera parameters of the virtual camera; acquiring a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect; calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map; calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by adopting the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector; calculating a new texture coordinate according to the texture coordinate of the water surface map and the normal vector; and adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the new texture coordinate, and generating the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect. The embodiment of the invention improves the expressive force of the water surface map in the two-dimensional game, thereby providing better picture experience for players.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to a method for generating a water surface ripple effect, a device for generating a water surface ripple effect, an electronic apparatus, and a storage medium.
Background
With the continuous development of internet technology, various application programs are developed endlessly to meet the increasing demands of people. Specifically, in some applications that need to provide a screen, such as a game application (hereinafter referred to as a game), a corresponding scene needs to be provided during a game of a player, and in order for the player to have a sense of being personally on the scene, a real effect is usually simulated in the screen as much as possible.
In a game, a scene needing to show a water surface often appears, such as a lake surface or a stream, and water surface ripples exist in the water surface in a real scene, however, the implementation scheme of the existing water surface ripple effect has a good picture effect in a three-dimensional (3D) game, but cannot be applied to a two-dimensional game. The current implementation scheme for water surface simulation in two-dimensional (2D) games is either to use still pictures to express the water surface or to use sequence frame animation to roughly express the water surface, which results in unrealistic picture effect. It can be understood that the two-dimensional game lacks a real simulation of the water surface at present, so that the expressive force of the two-dimensional game is not good enough, and better picture experience cannot be provided for a player.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are provided to provide a water surface ripple effect generation method and a corresponding water surface ripple effect generation apparatus, electronic device, storage medium that overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for generating a water surface ripple effect, where the method includes:
creating a virtual camera in an observation space and determining camera parameters of the virtual camera;
acquiring a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect;
calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map;
calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by adopting the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector;
calculating a new texture coordinate according to the texture coordinate of the water surface map and the normal vector;
and adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the new texture coordinate, and generating the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect.
Optionally, the determining the camera parameters of the virtual camera includes:
acquiring initial camera parameters of the virtual camera;
calculating an inverse matrix according to the initial camera parameters; the inverse matrix is used for converting an observation space into a cutting space;
and taking the spatial position and the inverse matrix as camera parameters of the virtual camera.
Optionally, the initial camera parameters include a depression angle of the virtual camera, a spatial position of the virtual camera in the observation space, a field angle of the virtual camera, an aspect ratio, a cropping plane, and a far cropping plane; said computing an inverse matrix from said initial camera parameters comprises:
calculating the orientation of the virtual camera according to the depression angle;
calculating a viewpoint of the virtual camera from the orientation and the spatial position;
calculating an observation matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation point and the space position;
calculating a perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the field angle, the aspect ratio, the cutting surface and the far cutting surface;
calculating an observation perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation matrix and the perspective matrix;
and calculating an inverse matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation perspective matrix.
Optionally, the camera parameter includes a spatial position, and the calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the clipping space according to the camera parameter and the texture coordinate of the water surface map includes:
acquiring texture coordinates of the water surface map and an area range of the water surface map in a picture shot by the virtual camera;
calculating the relative position of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the texture coordinates and the area range;
and calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the relative position, the spatial position and the inverse matrix.
Optionally, the calculating, according to the relative position, the spatial position, and the inverse matrix, the water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the clipping space includes:
calculating an observation position according to the relative position and the inverse matrix;
generating a direction vector from the virtual camera to the observation position according to the space position and the observation position;
and acquiring coordinates of the intersection point of the direction vector and the water surface map as water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the cutting space.
Optionally, the calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by using the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector includes:
acquiring a texture coordinate scaling factor, a time factor, a water wave speed, a normal intensity calibration factor and a normal map intensity factor;
according to the water surface coordinate, the texture coordinate scaling factor, the time factor and the algorithm line texture coordinate of the water wave speedometer;
adopting the water wave normal map to carry out map sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain an initial normal vector;
and correcting the initial normal vector according to the normal intensity calibration factor and the normal map intensity factor to obtain a corrected normal vector.
Optionally, the calculating new texture coordinates according to the texture coordinates of the water surface map and the normal vector includes:
acquiring a water surface distortion factor;
and calculating new texture coordinates according to the texture coordinates, the normal vector and the water surface distortion factor.
Optionally, the mapping sampling of the new texture coordinate by using the water surface map to obtain the water surface map generating the water surface ripple effect includes:
adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the color value of the new texture coordinate to obtain a new color value of the water surface map;
rendering the water surface map according to the new color value to generate the water surface map with a water surface ripple effect.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a device for generating the water surface ripple effect, which comprises:
the system comprises a creating module, a processing module and a display module, wherein the creating module is used for creating a virtual camera in an observation space and determining the camera parameters of the virtual camera;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map;
the first sampling module is used for calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by adopting the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector;
the second calculation module is used for calculating a new texture coordinate according to the texture coordinate of the water surface map and the normal vector;
and the second sampling module is used for adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the new texture coordinate so as to generate the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect.
The embodiment of the invention discloses electronic equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the water surface ripple effect generation method are realized.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the water surface ripple effect generation method are realized.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the invention, a virtual camera is established in an observation space, the camera parameters of the virtual camera are determined, a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect are obtained, then the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in a cutting space is calculated according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map, the normal texture coordinate is calculated according to the water surface coordinate, the water wave normal map is adopted to carry out mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain a normal vector, then the new texture coordinate is calculated according to the texture coordinate and the normal vector of the water surface map, the water surface map is adopted to carry out mapping sampling on the new texture coordinate, and the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect is generated. The embodiment of the invention carries out real simulation of the water surface ripples on the water surface in the water surface map based on the water wave normal map, improves the expressive force of the water surface map in a two-dimensional game, and thus provides better picture experience for players.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of an embodiment of a method for generating a ripple effect on a water surface according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the coordinates of a surface map of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the relative position ScreenPos according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of a WaterPos water surface coordinate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a schematic representation of a surface map of the present invention prior to processing;
FIG. 5b is one of the schematic diagrams after a surface mapping process of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a second schematic diagram of the present invention before a water surface mapping process
FIG. 6b is a second schematic diagram of the present invention after a water surface mapping process;
fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of the water surface waviness effect generation apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The method for generating the water surface ripple effect in the embodiment of the invention can be operated on terminal equipment or a server. The terminal device may be a local terminal device. When the water surface ripple effect generation method is operated as a server, a cloud game can be realized.
In an alternative embodiment, cloud gaming refers to a cloud computing-based gaming mode. In the running mode of the cloud game, the running main body of the game program and the game picture presenting main body are separated, the storage and the running of the water surface ripple effect generating method are completed on a cloud game server, and the cloud game client is used for receiving and sending data and presenting the game picture, for example, the cloud game client can be a display device with a data transmission function close to a user side, such as a mobile terminal, a television, a computer, a palm computer and the like; however, the terminal device performing the game data processing is a cloud game server in the cloud. When a game is played, a player operates the cloud game client to send an operation instruction to the cloud game server, the cloud game server runs the game according to the operation instruction, data such as game pictures and the like are encoded and compressed, the data are returned to the cloud game client through a network, and finally the data are decoded through the cloud game client and the game pictures are output.
In an alternative embodiment, the terminal device may be a local terminal device. The local terminal device stores a game program and is used for presenting a game screen. The local terminal device is used for interacting with the player through a graphical user interface, namely, a game program is downloaded and installed and operated through an electronic device conventionally. The manner in which the local terminal device provides the graphical user interface to the player may include a variety of ways, for example, it may be rendered for display on a display screen of the terminal or provided to the player through holographic projection. For example, the local terminal device may include a display screen for presenting a graphical user interface including a game screen and a processor for running the game, generating the graphical user interface, and controlling display of the graphical user interface on the display screen.
In a specific implementation, there are many processing schemes for water surface simulation in a three-dimensional game. For example, in the water surface simulation in the three-dimensional game, the normal map can be used to simulate the water surface ripple, and then the texture coordinates of the normal map are moved to express the effect of the flowing water surface ripple, so as to achieve the real simulation effect.
However, the above-mentioned processing scheme is only applicable to a three-dimensional game, because there is only one picture for simulating the water surface in a two-dimensional game, and thus the processing scheme of the three-dimensional game cannot be directly used for realizing a real simulation of the water surface ripple in the two-dimensional game. In addition, at present, in a two-dimensional game, a few processing schemes related to water surface simulation are available, and a real simulation effect of water surface ripples in a three-dimensional game cannot be achieved.
In an embodiment of the invention, a camera is simulated in a two-dimensional game to take a picture of the water surface, and the camera is called a virtual camera because the camera does not exist in the two-dimensional game.
In order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the present invention, some technical terms and corresponding definitions related to the embodiments of the present invention will be described first.
Input parameters for the virtual camera include:
RollAngle: scalar, virtual camera depression, i.e. the angle of the virtual camera's up and down swing in the viewing direction, positive numbers representing downward swing and negative numbers representing upward swing.
CameraPos: vector (xyz), the position of the virtual camera in 3D space (viewing space).
Fov: scalar, angle of view of the virtual camera.
Aspect: scalar, aspect ratio.
Near: scalar, near-trimmed surface.
Far: scalar, far cutting plane.
Input parameters for the surface map include:
TextureWater: the pictures are directly drawn by art personnel and possess information such as inverted images and the like.
Texturenformal: the sticking picture, the water wave normal sticking picture, is made by the art personnel through the tool, and has the water surface ripple normal data.
WaterRange: vector (xyz w), the extent of the area of the water surface map in the simulated camera view, has components in the three directions x, y, z, and w, w represents height.
NormalScale: scalar quantity, normal map intensity factor, used to control the strength of the water ripple.
DistortionScale: scalar, surface distortion factor, used to simulate the effect of the waves twisting the surface.
NormalAdjustV: scalar quantity, normal intensity calibration factor in depth direction of water wave normal map, used for calibrating water surface ripple intensity.
NormalUVScale: scalar quantity, water wave normal map texture coordinate scaling factor, used to control the tiling quantity of water wave normal map.
WaveSpeed: vector (xy), the velocity of the water wave, also represents the speed of movement of the water wave normal map, where x represents the horizontal direction and y represents the vertical direction.
Time: scalar, time factor, representing the passage of time.
Vector (xy), texture coordinates of the surface map, x represents the horizontal direction and y represents the vertical direction.
Further, referring to Tex2D, Tex2D represents texture sampling (map sampling), specifically, Tex2D samples a coordinate point with a map and returns a value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, there are many calculations regarding vectors, and the calculation manner regarding vectors specifically is:
each component of a vector (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) vector is subjected to addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to obtain one vector. For example: { x1, y1, z1, w1} + { x2, y2, z2, w2} - { x1+ x2, y1+ y2, z1+ z2, w1+ w2}
Each component of a vector (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) scalar ═ vector is subjected to addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with a scalar, respectively, to obtain one vector. For example: { x1, y, z1, w1} + n ═ x1+ n, y1+ n, z1+ n, w1+ n }.
It should be noted that the input parameters, that is, the input parameters related to the virtual camera and the input parameters related to the water surface map, may be adjusted correspondingly for different usage scenarios, for example, the input parameters may be adjusted correspondingly for different games or different water surface maps, so that the embodiment of the present invention is better applicable to different usage scenarios, and further obtains a better picture effect.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a method for generating a water surface ripple effect according to the present invention is shown, where the embodiment of the present invention may specifically include the following steps:
And 102, acquiring a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect.
And 103, calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map.
And 104, calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by adopting the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector.
And 105, calculating new texture coordinates according to the texture coordinates of the water surface map and the normal vector.
And 106, adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the new texture coordinate, and generating the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect.
The water surface map is a picture of a water surface, for example, a picture of a water surface including a river, a lake, a sea, and the like, and information such as a reflection, a water surface ripple, and the like may be included in the water surface. In an embodiment, a picture may be obtained first, and then the picture is subjected to picture clipping to obtain a water surface map only including a water surface, for example, the water surface map obtained when the picture includes a river is an area including a river in the picture, the water surface map obtained when the picture includes a lake is an area including a lake in the picture, and the water surface map obtained when the picture includes a sea surface is an area including a sea surface in the picture.
In particular, a view space (view space), also referred to as a camera space (camera space), determines a viewing angle used to render a water surface map in a two-dimensional game based on the spatial position of a virtual camera in the view space. The viewing space is a three-dimensional space, a primitive (such as a water surface) of the viewing space needs to be displayed on a screen, the clipping space is a virtual camera arranged in the viewing space, and then a space within a visible range can be seen from the viewing space at the angle of the virtual camera. In particular, the clipping space can conveniently clip primitives of the viewing space, for example, primitives completely inside the clipping space will be retained, and primitives completely outside the clipping space will be clipped.
In the embodiment of the invention, the coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space, namely the water surface coordinate, can be calculated based on the camera parameters, then the normal texture coordinate aiming at the water surface ripple map is calculated based on the water surface coordinate, the water wave normal map is adopted to carry out mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain the normal vector, and the new texture coordinate is calculated according to the texture coordinate and the normal vector of the water surface map, so that the water surface map can be adopted to carry out mapping sampling on the new texture coordinate, and the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect is generated.
In the method for generating the water surface ripple effect, a virtual camera is created in an observation space, the camera parameters of the virtual camera are determined, a water surface map and a water wave normal map used for forming the water surface ripple effect are obtained, then the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in a cutting space is calculated according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map, the normal texture coordinate is calculated according to the water surface coordinate, the water wave normal map is adopted to carry out mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain a normal vector, then the new texture coordinate is calculated according to the texture coordinate and the normal vector of the water surface map, the water surface map is adopted to carry out mapping sampling on the new texture coordinate, and the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect is generated. The embodiment of the invention carries out real simulation of the water surface ripples in the water surface map based on the water wave normal map, improves the expressive force of the water surface map in a two-dimensional game, and thus provides better picture experience for players.
In an exemplary embodiment, the step 101 of determining the camera parameters of the virtual camera includes the steps of:
acquiring initial camera parameters of the virtual camera;
calculating an inverse matrix according to the initial camera parameters; the inverse matrix is used for converting an observation space into a cutting space;
and taking the spatial position and the inverse matrix as camera parameters of the virtual camera.
In the embodiment of the invention, the camera parameters can be fixed or adjusted according to the perspective relation. The perspective relation between the water surface shot by the virtual camera and the water surface in the water surface effect picture drawn by the art personnel is close to each other by presetting the camera parameters. In specific implementation, after the parameters of the camera are adjusted, the parameters of the camera can be fixed for use when the corresponding water surface map realizes the generation of the water surface ripple effect, and certainly, the parameters can also be adjusted in real time, and the embodiment of the invention does not need to be limited to this.
Specifically, a camera parameter is estimated according to a perspective relation of a water surface effect graph of water surface ripples drawn by an art worker, then the camera parameter is applied to render the water surface map in the three-dimensional game, and whether the perspective effect of the rendered water surface map is matched with the water surface effect graph or not is checked. Referring to fig. 2, the position of the water surface map in the vertical direction is approximately 0 (i.e. a plane with y being 0), assuming that the water surface map is ABCD, and is a plane placed on the xOz plane, the plane equation is y being 0, the water surface map is placed at y being 0 by any 3D modeling software, then a virtual camera is created, the rendered water surface map is compared with the water surface effect map by adjusting the camera parameters of the virtual camera, and after the comparison is consistent, the final initial camera parameters are recorded.
For the recorded initial camera parameters, the initial camera parameters also need to be processed in the embodiment of the invention, so that the camera parameters for realizing the water surface ripple effect of the water surface map are extracted and used for generating the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect.
In an exemplary embodiment, an inverse matrix is calculated from the initial camera parameters; the inverse matrix is used for converting an observation space into a clipping space, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring initial camera parameters of a virtual camera; the initial camera parameters comprise a depression angle of the virtual camera, a spatial position of the virtual camera in an observation space, a field angle, an aspect ratio, a cutting surface and a far cutting surface of the virtual camera;
calculating the orientation of the virtual camera according to the depression angle;
calculating a viewpoint of the virtual camera from the orientation and the spatial position;
calculating an observation matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation point and the space position;
calculating a perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the field angle, the aspect ratio, the cutting surface and the far cutting surface;
calculating an observation perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation matrix and the perspective matrix;
calculating an inverse matrix of the virtual camera from the observation perspective matrix;
and taking the spatial position and the inverse matrix as camera parameters of the virtual camera.
As a specific example, the process of calculating camera parameters based on initial camera parameters is:
1.1 calculating the orientation of the virtual camera;
LookDir＝{0，-Sin(RollAngle)，Cos(RollAngle)}
1.2 calculating the observation point of the virtual camera;
LookAt＝CameraPos+LookDir*100
1.3 calculating an observation matrix MatrixV of the camera according to CameraPos, LookAt;
1.4 calculating a perspective matrix of the camera according to Fov, Aspect, Near, Far;
1.5 calculating an observation perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the calculation results of 1.3 and 1.4;
MatrixVP＝MatrixP*MatrixV
1.6 calculating the inverse matrix of the observation perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the calculation result of 1.5;
MatrixIVP＝Inverse(MatrixVP)
1.7 Camera parameters are the calculated MatrixIVP and the CameraPos of the initial camera parameters.
According to the embodiment of the invention, after the camera parameters of the virtual camera are calculated, the camera parameters are used as a global parameter, and the camera parameters are subsequently adopted for calculating the pixel points of each water surface map, namely the spatial position and the inverse matrix of the virtual camera are used as the global parameters and are not changed.
In an exemplary embodiment, the step 103 of calculating the water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the clipping space according to the camera parameters includes the following steps:
acquiring texture coordinates of the water surface map and an area range of the water surface map in a picture shot by the virtual camera;
calculating the relative position of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the texture coordinates and the area range;
and calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the relative position, the spatial position and the inverse matrix.
First, calculating a relative position ScreenPos (i.e. coordinates under an XY plane in a clipping space) of a water surface in a 3D simulation screen according to WaterUV and WaterRange, specifically, referring to fig. 3, where XYZW is an area range in a picture taken by a virtual camera, in order to simplify the calculation process, taking a length of XY as 1, a length of YZ as 1, ABCD as a water surface area, corresponding to WaterRange, xOy as a cross section under the clipping space, where a plane of z as 1 is selected, where x as [ -1, 1], y as [ -1, 1], UV represents a texture coordinate system, and as can be seen in fig. 3, V direction and y direction are opposite, U as [0, 1], V as [0, 1], a point P on an arbitrary water surface is selected, and a mapping relationship of the clipping space is:
ScreenPos.x＝(WaterRange.x+WaterUV(P).x*WaterRange.z)*2-1
ScreenPos.y＝(WaterRange.y+(1.0–WaterUV(P).y)*WaterRange.w)*2–1
the above theoretical basis for calculating screen pos is that x and y are calculated values, z is 1 because a plane where z is 1 is directly selected, and w is 1, which represents a normalized homogeneous coordinate.
Then, according to ScreenPos and virtual camera parameters (matrix ivp and CameraPos), calculating corresponding water surface coordinates, specifically, calculating the position of any point in the clipping space according to the water surface map in the screen:
ScreenPosxyzw＝{ScreenPos.x，ScreenPos.y，1，1}
WorldPosxyzw＝MatrixIVP*ScreenPosxyzw
WorldPos＝WorldPos.xyz/WorldPos.w
calculate the camera ray direction to that point:
Dir＝Normalize(WorldPos–CameraPos)
wherein normaize stands for normalizing the vector.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the clipping space according to the relative position, the spatial position and the inverse matrix includes:
calculating an observation position according to the relative position and the inverse matrix;
generating a direction vector from the virtual camera to the observation position according to the space position and the observation position;
and acquiring coordinates of the intersection point of the direction vector and the water surface map as water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the cutting space.
Referring to fig. 4, since the water surface is on a plane where y is 0, the horizontal plane, the ray, and the vertical direction exactly form a triangle, and the distance from the intersection of the ray and the water surface to the virtual camera is u, there are:
CameraPos.y/u＝Sin(α)＝-Dir.y
so that u ═ camerapos.y/dir.y
The water surface coordinates can be found:
WaterPos＝CameraPos+Dir*u
in an exemplary embodiment, the step 103 of calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by using the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector includes the following steps:
acquiring a texture coordinate scaling factor, a time factor, a water wave speed, a normal intensity calibration factor and a normal map intensity factor;
according to the water surface coordinate, the texture coordinate scaling factor, the time factor and the algorithm line texture coordinate of the water wave speedometer;
adopting the water wave normal map to carry out map sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain an initial normal vector;
and correcting the initial normal vector according to the normal intensity calibration factor and the normal map intensity factor to obtain a corrected normal vector.
Specifically, after acquiring the water surface coordinates, further acquiring relevant parameters for simulating the water surface ripples, namely a texture coordinate scaling factor, a time factor, a water wave velocity, a normal intensity calibration factor and a normal map intensity factor, to calculate the normal vector. Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned related parameters, the embodiment of the present invention may also introduce other parameters to calculate the normal vector, so that the water surface map can present a true simulation effect of more true water surface ripples.
As a specific example, the calculation process of the normal vector is:
1.1 according to the water surface coordinate, calculating the normal line texture coordinate of the point according to the principle that the normal line texture is laid on the water surface.
UVNormal＝WaterPos.xz*NormalUVScale
And 1.2, calculating the normal texture coordinate after moving according to the time factor and the moving speed.
UVNormal + WaterSpeed Time, wherein UVNormal on the right side of the formula is calculated to be 1.1.
1.3 the normal vector of the point is found by mapping sampling and corrected by using the normal intensity factor.
Normal xy＝Tex2D(TextureNormal，UVNormal)
Xy. 2-1, where the normal. xy on the right side of the formula is based on calculations based on the previous formula
Normal.xy＝Normal.xy*NormalScale*(WaterUV.y+NormalAdjustV)
Normal.z＝Sqrt(1–Normal.x*Normal.x–Normal.y*Normal.y)
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating new texture coordinates from the texture coordinates of the surface map and the normal vector includes:
acquiring a water surface distortion factor;
and calculating new texture coordinates according to the texture coordinates, the normal vector and the water surface distortion factor.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention utilizes the water surface distortion factor to perturb the texture coordinate of the water surface map, thereby obtaining a new texture coordinate simulating the effect of the water surface distorted by the ripples.
As a specific example, the calculation formula of the new texture coordinates is:
WaterUV＝WaterUV+Normal.xy*DistortionScale
in an exemplary embodiment, the step 106 of performing mapping sampling on the new texture coordinates by using the water surface map to obtain the water surface map generating the water surface ripple effect includes the following steps:
adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the color value of the new texture coordinate to obtain a new color value of the water surface map;
rendering the water surface map according to the new color value to generate the water surface map with a water surface ripple effect.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the new texture coordinates of the water surface map are subjected to map sampling by adopting the pixel points of the water surface map, so as to obtain the new color value of the water surface map, and then the water surface map is rendered based on the new color value, so that the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect is obtained.
As a specific example, the new color value is calculated by the formula:
ColorFinal＝Tex2D(TextureWater，WaterUV)
in the embodiment of the invention, the initial camera parameters of a 3D virtual camera are firstly calculated through the perspective relation of the water surface map, the camera parameters are further obtained based on the initial camera parameters, the camera parameters comprise the space position of the virtual camera and an inverse matrix thereof, then three-dimensional cutting space coordinates are calculated through UV data of the water surface map, and calculates a point in the three-dimensional cutting space according to the coordinate, and forms a ray with the point at the space position of the virtual camera, then calculating the water surface intersection point through rays, and then calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface intersection point according to the calculated water surface coordinate, calculating the UV value of the normal map in a three-dimensional cutting space, sampling the normal map, the texture disturbance of the water surface ripple is carried out by the method, finally the movement of the water surface ripple is calculated by taking time as a parameter, thereby obtaining a water surface map with perspective effect similar to the simulation of the three-dimensional game water surface ripple.
As an example of the present invention, referring to fig. 5a, the water surface map before treatment, referring to fig. 5b, the water surface map after treatment, it can be seen from fig. 5b that the water surface map after treatment already has the twisted water surface ripple effect. As another example of the present invention, referring to fig. 6a, the water surface map before treatment, referring to fig. 5b, the water surface map after treatment, as can be seen from fig. 6b, the water surface map after treatment already has a fine water surface ripple effect. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the water surface map has the effect similar to the water surface ripple effect in the three-dimensional game through simulation, and the expression force of the water surface map in the two-dimensional game is enhanced.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.
Referring to fig. 7, a block diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the water surface ripple effect generation apparatus according to the present invention is shown, and the embodiment of the present invention may specifically include the following modules:
a creating module 701, configured to create a virtual camera in an observation space and determine camera parameters of the virtual camera;
an obtaining module 702, configured to obtain a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect;
a first calculating module 703, configured to calculate, according to the camera parameter and the texture coordinate of the water surface map, a water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the clipping space;
the first sampling module 704 is configured to calculate a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and perform mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by using the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector;
a second calculating module 705, configured to calculate a new texture coordinate according to the texture coordinate of the water surface map and the normal vector;
and the second sampling module 706 is configured to perform mapping sampling on the new texture coordinate by using the water surface map, and generate the water surface map with a water surface ripple effect.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus further comprises: the camera parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring initial camera parameters of the virtual camera; the initial camera parameters comprise a depression angle of the virtual camera, a spatial position of the virtual camera in an observation space, a field angle, an aspect ratio, a cutting surface and a far cutting surface of the virtual camera; calculating the orientation of the virtual camera according to the depression angle; calculating a viewpoint of the virtual camera from the orientation and the spatial position; calculating an observation matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation point and the space position; calculating a perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the field angle, the aspect ratio, the cutting surface and the far cutting surface; calculating an observation perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation matrix and the perspective matrix; calculating an inverse matrix of the virtual camera from the observation perspective matrix; and taking the spatial position and the inverse matrix as camera parameters of the virtual camera.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first computing module 703 is configured to obtain texture coordinates of the water surface map and an area range of the water surface map in a picture captured by the virtual camera; calculating the relative position of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the texture coordinates and the area range; and calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the relative position, the spatial position and the inverse matrix.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first calculating module 703 is configured to calculate an observation position according to the relative position and the inverse matrix; generating a direction vector from the virtual camera to the observation position according to the space position and the observation position; and acquiring coordinates of the intersection point of the direction vector and the water surface map as water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the cutting space.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first sampling module 704 is configured to obtain a texture coordinate scaling factor, a time factor, a water wave velocity, a normal intensity calibration factor, and a normal map intensity factor; according to the water surface coordinate, the texture coordinate scaling factor, the time factor and the algorithm line texture coordinate of the water wave speedometer; adopting the water wave normal map to carry out map sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain an initial normal vector; and correcting the initial normal vector according to the normal intensity calibration factor and the normal map intensity factor to obtain a corrected normal vector.
In an exemplary embodiment, the second calculation module 705 is configured to obtain a water surface distortion factor; and calculating new texture coordinates according to the texture coordinates, the normal vector and the water surface distortion factor.
In an exemplary embodiment, the second sampling module 706 is configured to perform mapping sampling on the color value of the new texture coordinate by using the water surface map to obtain a new color value of the water surface map; rendering the water surface map according to the new color value to generate the water surface map with a water surface ripple effect.
In the embodiment of the invention, a water surface map is obtained and used for simulating camera parameters of a virtual camera for shooting the water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect, then water surface coordinates of the water surface map in a cutting space are calculated according to the camera parameters, normal texture coordinates are calculated according to the water surface coordinates, the water wave normal map is used for mapping and sampling the normal texture coordinates to obtain a normal vector, new texture coordinates are calculated according to the texture coordinates and the normal vector of the water surface map, and the water surface map is used for mapping and sampling the new texture coordinates to generate the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect. The embodiment of the invention carries out real simulation of the water surface ripples on the water surface in the water surface map based on the water wave normal map, improves the expressive force of the water surface map in a two-dimensional game, and thus provides better picture experience for players.
For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention discloses electronic equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the embodiment of the water surface ripple effect generation method are realized.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the embodiment of the water surface ripple effect generation method are realized.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable terminal provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element.
The above detailed descriptions of the water surface ripple effect generation method, the water surface ripple effect generation device, the electronic device and the storage medium provided by the present invention are provided, and specific examples are applied herein to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method of generating a water surface ripple effect, the method comprising:
creating a virtual camera in an observation space and determining camera parameters of the virtual camera;
acquiring a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect;
calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map;
calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate, and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by adopting the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector;
calculating a new texture coordinate according to the texture coordinate of the water surface map and the normal vector;
and adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the new texture coordinate, and generating the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the camera parameters of the virtual camera comprises:
acquiring initial camera parameters of the virtual camera;
calculating an inverse matrix according to the initial camera parameters; the inverse matrix is used for converting an observation space into a cutting space;
and taking the spatial position and the inverse matrix as camera parameters of the virtual camera.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the initial camera parameters include a depression angle of the virtual camera, a spatial position of the virtual camera in the viewing space, a field angle of the virtual camera, an aspect ratio, a cropping plane, a far cropping plane; said computing an inverse matrix from said initial camera parameters comprises:
calculating the orientation of the virtual camera according to the depression angle;
calculating a viewpoint of the virtual camera from the orientation and the spatial position;
calculating an observation matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation point and the space position;
calculating a perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the field angle, the aspect ratio, the cutting surface and the far cutting surface;
calculating an observation perspective matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation matrix and the perspective matrix;
and calculating an inverse matrix of the virtual camera according to the observation perspective matrix.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the camera parameters include spatial location, and wherein calculating the water surface coordinates of the water surface map in clipping space based on the camera parameters and the texture coordinates of the water surface map comprises:
acquiring texture coordinates of the water surface map and an area range of the water surface map in a picture shot by the virtual camera;
calculating the relative position of the water surface map in a cutting space according to the texture coordinates and the area range;
and calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the relative position, the spatial position and the inverse matrix.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said calculating the water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the clipping space according to the relative position, the spatial position and the inverse matrix comprises:
calculating an observation position according to the relative position and the inverse matrix;
generating a direction vector from the virtual camera to the observation position according to the space position and the observation position;
and acquiring coordinates of the intersection point of the direction vector and the water surface map as water surface coordinates of the water surface map in the cutting space.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein calculating normal texture coordinates from the water surface coordinates and mapping the normal texture coordinates using the water wave normal map to obtain a normal vector comprises:
acquiring a texture coordinate scaling factor, a time factor, a water wave speed, a normal intensity calibration factor and a normal map intensity factor;
according to the water surface coordinate, the texture coordinate scaling factor, the time factor and the algorithm line texture coordinate of the water wave speedometer;
adopting the water wave normal map to carry out map sampling on the normal texture coordinate to obtain an initial normal vector;
and correcting the initial normal vector according to the normal intensity calibration factor and the normal map intensity factor to obtain a corrected normal vector.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the calculating new texture coordinates from the texture coordinates of the surface map and the normal vector comprises:
acquiring a water surface distortion factor;
and calculating new texture coordinates according to the texture coordinates, the normal vector and the water surface distortion factor.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said mapping said new texture coordinates using said surface map to obtain said surface map that generates a surface ripple effect comprises:
adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the color value of the new texture coordinate to obtain a new color value of the water surface map;
rendering the water surface map according to the new color value to generate the water surface map with a water surface ripple effect.
9. A water surface ripple effect generating apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a creating module, a processing module and a display module, wherein the creating module is used for creating a virtual camera in an observation space and determining the camera parameters of the virtual camera;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a water surface map and a water wave normal map for forming a water surface ripple effect;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the water surface coordinate of the water surface map in the cutting space according to the camera parameters and the texture coordinate of the water surface map;
the first sampling module is used for calculating a normal texture coordinate according to the water surface coordinate and performing mapping sampling on the normal texture coordinate by adopting the water wave normal mapping to obtain a normal vector;
the second calculation module is used for calculating a new texture coordinate according to the texture coordinate of the water surface map and the normal vector;
and the second sampling module is used for adopting the water surface map to carry out map sampling on the new texture coordinate so as to generate the water surface map with the water surface ripple effect.
10. An electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the water surface ripple effect generation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the water surface ripple effect generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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