CN112884789B - Method and system for calculating internal circulation multiplying power of circulating fluidized bed - Google Patents
Method and system for calculating internal circulation multiplying power of circulating fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112884789B CN112884789B CN202110163236.7A CN202110163236A CN112884789B CN 112884789 B CN112884789 B CN 112884789B CN 202110163236 A CN202110163236 A CN 202110163236A CN 112884789 B CN112884789 B CN 112884789B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/136—Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20048—Transform domain processing
- G06T2207/20061—Hough transform
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for calculating internal circulation multiplying power of a circulating fluidized bed, and belongs to the technical field of combustion diagnosis of circulating fluidized beds. Flame particle combustion information in the circulating fluidized bed is obtained by a camera, flame particle flow velocity in the circulating fluidized bed is obtained through a series of image processing methods such as Canny edge detection, Hough linear detection and the like based on a flame particle combustion picture taken at the moment 1s, and finally a circulating multiplying power curve of the circulating fluidized bed is obtained through the combination of the pipeline cross-sectional area of a measuring point, the flue gas fly ash concentration, the separation efficiency of a cyclone separator and the real-time feeding amount. Finally, the method solves the problem that the biomass power plant cannot implement obtaining of the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed, can update the change condition of the circulating multiplying power in real time, and provides a strong basis for combustion diagnosis in the circulating fluidized bed furnace, so that clean and efficient utilization of the living biomass power plant is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustion diagnosis of a circulating fluidized bed, in particular to a method and a system for calculating internal circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed.
Background
The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts the clean coal combustion technology with the highest industrialization degree. The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts fluidized combustion, and provides sufficient burn-off time for material particles by a method of repeatedly and circularly combusting materials in the boiler along with bed materials, thereby greatly improving the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and particularly aiming at the incineration utilization of low-calorific-value fuels such as biomass. The main structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a combustion chamber (comprising a dense phase zone and a dilute phase zone) and a circulating return furnace (comprising a high-temperature gas-solid separator and a return system). The circulating fluidized bed boiler has the characteristics of wide combustion adaptability, high combustion efficiency, low pollutant discharge and the like, and the heat accumulation load of the unit cross section of a hearth is close to or higher than that of a pulverized coal furnace. The biggest difference with the bubbling fluidized bed combustion technology is that the operation wind speed is high, heterogeneous reaction processes such as combustion, desulfurization and the like are strengthened, the boiler capacity can be expanded to a large capacity (600MW or above grade) acceptable by the power industry, and the sectional area of a hearth required by the bubbling fluidized bed boiler is 2 times larger than that of a circulating fluidized bed boiler under the same heat load. The circulating fluidized bed boiler well solves the basic problems of thermology, mechanics, materials and the like and the engineering problems of expansion, abrasion, over temperature and the like, and becomes an advanced technology for utilizing energy of difficult-to-burn solid fuels (such as coal gangue, oil shale, municipal refuse, sludge and other wastes).
The circulation multiplying power is one of the important indexes of the operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, and is generally defined as the ratio of the circulating material quantity of the boiler to the input material quantity. The main operating parameters that affect the circulation rate are separator efficiency, fuel particle size, fuel ash content, fuel composition, ash characteristics, and ash particle attrition characteristics, and in addition, a reduction in boiler evaporation also results in a reduction in circulation rate due to a reduction in overall boiler air volume and flue gas flow rate. The circulating multiplying power reflects the circulating combustion times of the material particles and the total retention time in the boiler to a certain extent, and the combustion process and the fluidization state in the circulating fluidized bed boiler can be diagnosed by combining the operation parameters of the boiler unit. Therefore, the quantitative detection and calculation of the circulation multiplying power are important for diagnosing the combustion process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.
At present, the calculation methods of the circulation multiplying power at home and abroad roughly comprise a separation efficiency and particle grading saturated entrainment model calculation method, a dual-circulation biomass gasification fluidized bed model calculation method and a soft measurement method based on the mechanism analysis of the combustion process in the furnace, but the methods have the defects of large error, complex calculation model, difficult application, more limiting conditions and the like. On-site operators often diagnose combustion of the hearth by observing the combustion condition of biomass in the hearth according to operation experience, so that an effective technical method is lacked in the current-stage research, and real-time quantitative detection and calculation can be carried out on the circulation multiplying power.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for calculating the internal circulation multiplying power of a circulating fluidized bed, which solve the problem that the multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed in the prior art can not be measured and calculated in real time.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating a circulation ratio in a circulating fluidized bed, including the steps of:
1) acquiring a flame image in a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed;
2) carrying out graying processing on the flame image to obtain a grayscale image;
3) carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an image containing flame particle track edge information;
4) expressing the flame particle tracks by straight lines, calculating the lengths of the straight lines, reserving the straight lines with the lengths larger than a reference value, and taking the length average value of all the reserved straight lines as the average length d _ image of the flame particle tracks in the image;
5) calculating the real length d _ true of the flame particle track, wherein d _ true is d _ image multiplied xi, xi is a real conversion coefficient;
6) the flow velocity of the flame particles is calculated,
wherein t is the exposure time of the camera;
7) calculating the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed,
wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the detected furnace pipe, and c is the concentration of fly ashDegree, eta, the separating efficiency of the cyclone, t y The flue gas temperature is used, and m is the feeding amount of the circulating fluidized bed during detection.
According to the technical scheme, the real-time circulating multiplying power of the hearth is calculated by analyzing the flame image of the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed, and the accuracy and the real-time performance of calculating the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed are improved. The real-time circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed is updated in real time, so that diagnosis of combustion in the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed by operators is facilitated, and the combustion of the circulating fluidized bed is efficient and clean.
In the step 1), a plurality of observation windows are arranged on a fluidized bed furnace, a camera is used for collecting flame videos in the furnace, and the flame images are extracted from the flame videos.
The step 2) also comprises the following steps: and removing time and date information on the gray-scale image by an image cutting method.
In the step 3), edge calculation is carried out on the gray-scale image through a canny operator, wherein a segmentation threshold value in the canny operator is 100 in terms of a low threshold value, and a high threshold value is 180 in terms of a high threshold value.
In step 4), the flame particle trajectory is represented by a straight line through Hough linear transformation, and the parameters of the Hough linear transformation in the Python program are defined as minLineLength being 100 and maxLineGap being 400.
According to the simulation result, the length reference value in step 4) is set to 300.
In step 5), the method for calculating the real conversion coefficient xi comprises the following steps:
where a is the number of pixels in the flame particle trajectory on the image and dpi is the number of pixels per inch of area on the image.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for calculating internal circulation multiplying power of a circulating fluidized bed, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the method for calculating internal circulation multiplying power of a circulating fluidized bed when being called by the processor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the method and the system for calculating the internal circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed, the average flow velocity of flame particles is calculated, the circulating material quantity of the cyclone separator is obtained, and the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed is finally obtained by combining the circulating feeding quantity at the moment. Compared with a method that on-site operators estimate the circulation multiplying power according to DCS data, the method based on the flame image has real-time performance and accuracy, can efficiently and accurately update the circulation multiplying power curve in real time, can realize diagnosis of stable combustion of the circulating fluidized bed, and reduces pollutant emission and efficient clean utilization of combustion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a gray scale image obtained in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an image obtained by performing edge calculation with a canny operator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an image obtained by Hough linear transformation in the embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the circulating fluidized bed cycle rate in an observation window 55 minutes at the rear of the upper part of the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed according to the embodiment of the present invention (time unit: minutes);
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the circulating fluidized bed cycle rate (time unit: second) for 55 minutes through a rear observation window at the upper part of a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the circulation ratio of the circulating fluidized bed at 55 minutes from the observation window in front of the upper part of the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed in the embodiment of the present invention (time unit: minutes);
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the circulation ratio of the circulating fluidized bed at 55 minutes from the observation window in front of the upper part of the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed in the example of the present invention (time unit: second).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of the word "comprise" or "comprises", and the like, in the context of this application, is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, in addition to those listed after that word, do not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the circulating fluidized bed of the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a circulating fluidized bed hearth 6, an industrial personal computer 1, a data line 2, an industrial camera 4, a cyclone separator 8 and a primary air induced draft fan 9. The front and back positions of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed hearth 6 are respectively provided with an observation window, only a middle front observation window 3, a lower front observation window 5 and an upper front observation window 7 are shown in the figure, and an industrial camera 4 is arranged at each observation window.
The biomass raw material is fed into a circulating fluidized bed hearth 6, biomass is fully combusted in the circulating fluidized bed hearth through a primary air draught fan 9, a flying track video of flame particles of the circulating fluidized bed is collected through an industrial camera 4, the collected video is input into an industrial personal computer 1 containing a computer program of internal circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed through a data line 2, and a final fluidized bed real-time multiplying power curve is obtained. The flame particles are returned to the circulating fluidized bed furnace 6 through the cyclone separator 8 to return the unburned particles to the furnace for further combustion.
Referring to fig. 2, a computer program of the circulation magnification in the circulating fluidized bed, when called, performs the following steps:
step S100: and reading the furnace flame video acquired by the industrial camera 4, and successfully extracting a corresponding flame image every 1 s.
Step S200: the corresponding BGR three-channel flame image is converted to a single-channel grayscale image, see fig. 3. And removing the time and date information above the gray-scale image by using an image cutting method.
Step S300: and (4) performing edge calculation on the image obtained in the step (S200) through a canny operator, and obtaining an image containing flame particle track edge information, which is shown in FIG. 4.
Step S400: and (3) the image obtained in the step (S300) is subjected to Hough linear transformation, the flame particle track containing the edge information is represented by a straight line, the length of the straight line is calculated, the calculated value is judged with a reference value, the length information that the calculated length d is greater than the reference value d _ cr is reserved, and finally the average value of the lengths is taken as the average length d _ image of the flame particle track in the image.
Step S500: calculating the real length d _ true of the flame particle track, wherein d _ true is d _ image multiplied xi, xi is a real conversion coefficient; if the number of pixels of the flame particle track on the image is a, the number of the pixels in each inch of the area of the image shot by the industrial camera is dpi, and the formula of the real conversion coefficient is
Step S600: the flow velocity of the flame particles is calculated,
where t is the exposure time (unit: s) of the camera.
Step S700: calculating the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed,
wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the detected furnace tube (unit: m) 2 ) And c is the fly ash concentration (kg/Nm) 3 ) Eta is the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator, t y The flue gas temperature (unit:. degree. C.) is shown, and m is the feeding amount of the circulating fluidized bed during detection.
Referring to fig. 6, a graph (in minutes) of the real-time circulation ratio of the circulating fluidized bed is calculated by analyzing the flame image of the circulating fluidized bed furnace after the upper part of the fluidized bed furnace and observing the 55-minute operation time of the window. Wherein the cross-sectional area S of the furnace pipe is 12m 2 The fly ash concentration c of the flue gas is 1kg/m 3 The separation efficiency eta of the cyclone separator is 0.85, the feeding amount m of the circulating fluidized bed is 10.13kg/s, and the flue gas temperature t y The temperature is 900 ℃ as follows.
Referring to fig. 7, a graph (in seconds) of the real-time circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed is calculated by analyzing the flame image of the circulating fluidized bed furnace running for 55 minutes through an observation window at the rear of the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed furnace.
Referring to fig. 8, a graph (in minutes) of the real-time circulation ratio of the circulating fluidized bed is calculated by analyzing the flame image of the circulating fluidized bed furnace for 55 minutes of operation time of the observation window in front of the upper part of the fluidized bed furnace.
Referring to fig. 9, a graph (in seconds) of the real-time circulation ratio of the circulating fluidized bed is calculated by analyzing the flame image of the circulating fluidized bed furnace operating for 55 minutes in the observation window in front of the upper part of the fluidized bed furnace.
In summary, in this embodiment, an industrial camera is used to obtain flame particle combustion information in the circulating fluidized bed, based on a flame particle combustion picture taken at time 1s, a series of image processing methods such as Canny edge detection and Hough line detection are used to obtain a flow velocity of flame particles in the circulating fluidized bed, and finally, a circulation ratio curve of the circulating fluidized bed is obtained by combining a pipeline cross-sectional area of a measuring point, a flue gas fly ash concentration, a cyclone separation efficiency and a real-time feeding amount. Finally, the method solves the problem that the biomass power plant cannot implement obtaining of the circulating multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed, can update the change condition of the circulating multiplying power in real time, and provides a strong basis for combustion diagnosis in the circulating fluidized bed furnace, so that clean and efficient utilization of the living biomass power plant is realized. Compared with the method of estimating the circulation multiplying power by manual experience, the method has the advantages of high efficiency, rapidness, accuracy, real-time updating and the like, can realize the combustion diagnosis of the circulating fluidized bed, and reduces the pollutant emission and the high-efficiency clean utilization of the biomass power plant.
Claims (7)
1. A method for calculating the internal circulation multiplying power of a circulating fluidized bed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring a flame image in a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed;
2) carrying out graying processing on the flame image to obtain a grayscale image;
3) carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an image containing flame particle track edge information;
4) expressing the flame particle tracks by straight lines, calculating the lengths of the straight lines, reserving the straight lines with the lengths larger than a reference value, and taking the length average value of all the reserved straight lines as the average length d _ image of the flame particle tracks in the image;
5) calculating the real length d _ true, d _ image × ξ and ξ of the flame particle trajectory as real conversion coefficients, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein a is the number of pixels of flame particle tracks on the image, and dpi is the number of pixels in each inch of area on the image;
6) the flow velocity v of the flame particles is calculated,
wherein t is the exposure time of the camera;
7) calculating the circulating multiplying power K of the circulating fluidized bed,
wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the detected furnace pipe, c is the fly ash concentration, eta is the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator, and t y The flue gas temperature is used, and m is the feeding amount of the circulating fluidized bed during detection.
2. The method for calculating the internal circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), a plurality of observation windows are arranged on a hearth of the fluidized bed, a camera is used for acquiring a flame video in the hearth, and the flame image is extracted from the flame video.
3. The method for calculating the internal circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) further comprises: and removing time and date information on the gray-scale image by an image cutting method.
4. The method for calculating the internal circulation multiplying power of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the edge calculation is performed on the gray scale by a canny operator, and the segmentation threshold value in the canny operator is 100 for the low threshold value and 180 for the high threshold value.
5. The method for calculating the internal circulation rate of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the flame particle trajectory is represented by a straight line through Hough linear transformation, and the parameters of the Hough linear transformation in the Python program are defined as minLineLength 100 and maxLineGap 400.
6. The method for calculating the internal circulation rate of the circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the reference value is set to 300.
7. A system for calculating the internal circulation rate of a circulating fluidized bed, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when invoked by the processor.
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