CN112881948B - System and method for detecting gas in transformer oil and transformer fault detection system - Google Patents
System and method for detecting gas in transformer oil and transformer fault detection system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/021—Gases
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system, a method and a transformer fault detection system for detecting gas in transformer oil, wherein the gas detection system comprises an oil-gas separation unit, a gas flow path unit, a gas separation unit and a gas detection unit; the oil-gas separation unit comprises an oil-gas separator and an air chamber; the gas flow path unit comprises an air pump, a gas path pipeline and a gas chamber; the air chamber is arranged on the oil-gas separator and is used for collecting gas separated by the oil-gas separator; the gas path pipeline is used for sequentially connecting the gas pump, the gas chamber, the gas separation unit and the gas detection unit; the air pump is used for providing carrier gas to push the mixed characteristic gas in the gas chamber into the gas separation unit; the gas separation unit comprises a gas chromatography chip for separating mixed characteristic gases; the gas detection unit is used for detecting the type and the content of the separated characteristic gas. The invention has the advantages of real-time detection, high detection efficiency, pollution avoidance, high detection precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of transformer oil, in particular to a system and a method for detecting gas in transformer oil and a transformer fault detection system.
Background
The electric locomotive is an operation carrier in the rail transit industry and is an integral important component in the China economic main artery. The power of the electric locomotive is derived from 25KV voltage of an external contact net, and the high voltage is converted into various low voltages (such as 970V voltage) through a transformer, so that effective and available energy is provided for a traction motor of the whole vehicle. During normal running of the electric locomotive, the transformer is used as an important component of the power device, and the safe and healthy state of operation of the transformer is important. The transformer of the electric locomotive is filled with transformer oil, and the transformer oil has three functions of heat dissipation, insulation and arc extinction. In the normal operation process of the transformer, the transformer oil can be gradually aged and decomposed to generate less organic gases such as low-molecular hydrocarbons and inorganic gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. When the transformer fails, hydrocarbon organic gas or carbon inorganic gas generated by the transformer oil decomposition is obviously increased, and the components and the corresponding content of the characteristic gas have close relation with the type and the severity of the transformer failure.
At present, the detection work of transformer oil still depends on manual periodic oil chromatographic technology sampling detection, the mode consumes long time and high maintenance cost, and meanwhile, the manual periodic sampling also has the problems of multiple pollution to the transformer oil and the like, so that the internal loss of the transformer oil is further quickened.
In addition, there are also the monitoring technology of the oil liquid state in the transformer taking electrochemical sensor, laser monitoring technology, ultrasonic monitoring technology as examples, the electrochemical sensor monitors the way fast, but the life expectancy in the bad environment is not long; the laser detection and ultrasonic monitoring technology cannot avoid the cross interference problem caused by mixed gas, and the detection precision is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a gas detection system and method for transformer oil and a transformer fault detection system, wherein the gas detection system and method are used for detecting transformer oil in real time, are high in detection efficiency and avoid pollution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a system for detecting gas in transformer oil comprises an oil-gas separation unit, a gas flow path unit, a gas separation unit and a gas detection unit;
The oil-gas separation unit comprises an oil-gas separator and an air chamber, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the oil-gas separator are connected with an electric locomotive transformer;
The gas flow path unit comprises an air pump, a gas path pipeline and a gas chamber; the air chamber is arranged on the oil-gas separator and is used for collecting gas separated by the oil-gas separator; the gas path pipeline is used for sequentially connecting the gas pump, the gas chamber, the gas separation unit and the gas detection unit; the air pump is used for providing carrier gas so as to push mixed characteristic gas in the gas chamber into the gas separation unit;
The gas separation unit comprises a gas chromatography chip, wherein the surface of a gas flow pipeline of the gas chromatography chip is coated with a stationary phase coating, and the stationary phase coating is used for repeatedly carrying out adsorption and desorption processes with mixed characteristic gas so as to separate the mixed characteristic gas;
the gas detection unit comprises a surface acoustic wave gas sensor and is used for detecting the types and the contents of the separated characteristic gases.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the gas separation unit further includes a heating module for heating the gas chromatography chip to maintain it within a rated temperature range.
And the surface acoustic wave gas sensor also comprises a refrigerating sheet which is used for maintaining the surface acoustic wave gas sensor within a rated temperature range.
The invention also discloses a transformer fault detection system, which comprises a collection unit, a fault judgment unit and the system for detecting the gas in the transformer oil, wherein the collection unit is respectively connected with the collection unit and the gas detection system and is used for collecting the types and the contents of the characteristic gas detected by the gas detection system, and the fault judgment unit is used for judging the faults of the transformer according to the types and the contents of the characteristic gas.
The invention further discloses a gas detection method based on the system for detecting the gas in the transformer oil, which comprises the following steps:
1) Extracting transformer oil in the transformer, entering an oil-gas separator through an oil inlet, separating out characteristic gas in the transformer oil through the oil-gas separator, and discharging the transformer oil into the transformer through an oil outlet;
2) The air chamber is communicated with the oil-gas separator, and characteristic gas separated from transformer oil enters the air chamber; the air pump pumps air to form carrier gas, the carrier gas is mixed with the characteristic gas in the air chamber, and the characteristic gas is pushed to be conveyed into the gas separation unit;
3) The stationary phase coating coated on the surface of the airflow pipeline of the gas separation unit and the mixed characteristic gas are subjected to repeated adsorption and desorption processes to separate the mixed characteristic gas;
4) The surface acoustic wave gas sensor detects the type and the content of the separated characteristic gas.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
in the step 3), the gas chromatography chip is internally provided with a long and narrow gas flow pipeline filled with miniature upright posts, and the stationary phase coating coated on the surface of the gas flow pipeline and mixed characteristic gas undergo repeated adsorption and desorption processes;
Due to the fact that distribution coefficients between different characteristic gases and the stationary phase coating are different, the retention capacity of the stationary phase coating is different in the gas flowing process, and finally the characteristic gases come out in sequence at the outlet of the gas flow pipeline, and therefore separation between mixed characteristic gases is achieved.
In step 4), the surface acoustic wave gas sensor surface is kept at a preset temperature and is lower than the characteristic gas temperature flowing out of the gas separation unit to form a temperature gradient, the characteristic gas enters the interior of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor chamber, and is rapidly condensed and adsorbed on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor surface, so that the propagation characteristic change of the surface acoustic wave occurs and is represented by a mode of changing the oscillation frequency; the frequency change of the sound wave on the surface of the substrate caused by different characteristic gases is transmitted to the antenna through the IDT and the impedance matching circuit by the piezoelectric effect to form echo electromagnetic wave.
Prior to step 1), a pre-start-up procedure is also included:
Corresponding temperature feedback and control are carried out on the gas chromatographic chip and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor so as to maintain the gas chromatographic chip and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor within a corresponding rated temperature range and keep preset time;
The system transmits electromagnetic wave signals to the surface acoustic wave gas sensor, and after receiving radio frequency signals, the antenna of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor converts the radio frequency signals into surface acoustic waves through inverse piezoelectric effect; the surface acoustic wave propagates along the surface of the piezoelectric substrate, generates reflection after encountering the reflection grating array, and the reflected signals are overlapped to excite the emergent frequency electric signal again and converted into echo electromagnetic wave signals by the IDT through the piezoelectric effect; the antenna of the system receives back the echo electromagnetic wave signal, and a stable signal base line under the initial condition is obtained in the screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) Compared with manual periodic maintenance detection, the system can realize real-time monitoring of the train in the stop period or the running period, avoids the problems of internal pollution, long maintenance time and the like caused by manual measurement errors and improper manual operation, and has high detection efficiency.
2) The invention can monitor the early development stage of the transformer fault. By utilizing the dissolved gas separated from the oil liquid and combining the surface acoustic wave and gas chromatography online detection technology, the change trend of the type and the content of the dissolved gas is statistically analyzed, and before a large amount of gas is cracked out of the transformer oil, signals can be timely transmitted, the problem is fed back, and potential safety hazards of the transformer are reported.
3) The invention combines three technologies of MEMS technology, gas chromatography technology and acoustic surface wave sensing technology. The gas chromatography chip and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor can be integrated by using MEMS technology, and the device volume and energy consumption are compressed. The mixed gas is separated by utilizing the gas chromatography technology, so that the problem of cross interference caused by the mixed gas to a detector can be effectively avoided, and the detection precision is improved; on the one hand, compared with a common metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor, the gas detection and signal transmission are carried out by using the surface acoustic wave sensing technology, and a high-temperature detection environment (such as 600 ℃) is not needed, so that the gas detection and signal transmission are safer in an oil environment; on the other hand, the signal transmission can pass through electromagnetic wave signals, and one collector can correspond to a plurality of SAW gas sensor signal collection, and in complex equipment environment, simple to operate monitors comprehensively.
4) The invention can be assembled on the transformer, not only can judge that the transformer is in the states of normal operation, early fault, middle fault and the like in real time under the condition of high-speed operation of the electric locomotive, but also can perform multi-point detection, and the detection data is fed back to the cloud system, so that a data base is established for the prediction and analysis of the health life of the transformer of the electric locomotive in the later stage. The core devices are a mu GC chip and a SAW gas sensor, which can be developed by adopting MEMS technology and are integrated and assembled into a whole. The mu GC chip adopts a semi-filled serpentine layout flow passage structure, and the structure has the advantages of large specific surface area, short mass transfer distance, small gas dispersion and the like; and the back of the mu GC chip is integrated with the heating electrode and the temperature measuring electrode, so that the space volume of the whole structure is further compressed, and the heating power consumption is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of the device controller of the present invention in a specific application.
The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. an air pump; 2. an air path pipeline; 3. a gas chamber; 4. a gas chromatography chip; 5. a surface acoustic wave gas sensor; 6. an antenna; 7. a collector; 8. a device controller; 9. an oil outlet; 10. an oil inlet; 11. an oil-gas separator.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for detecting gas in transformer oil of the present embodiment includes an oil-gas separation unit, a gas flow path unit, a gas separation unit, and a gas detection unit; the oil-gas separation unit comprises an oil-gas separator 11 and an air chamber 3, wherein an oil inlet 10 and an oil outlet 9 of the oil-gas separator 11 extend into the transformer of the electric locomotive and are used for collecting and discharging transformer oil; the gas flow path unit comprises a gas pump 1, a gas path pipeline 2 and a gas chamber 3; the air chamber 3 is arranged on the oil-gas separator 11 and is used for collecting gas separated by the oil-gas separator 11; the gas path pipeline 2 is used for sequentially connecting the gas pump 1, the gas chamber 3, the gas separation unit and the gas detection unit; the air pump 1 is used for providing carrier gas to push the mixed characteristic gas in the air chamber 3 into the gas separation unit; a gas separation unit for separating the mixed characteristic gas; and the gas detection unit is used for detecting the type and the content of the separated characteristic gas.
In one embodiment, the gas separation unit comprises a gas chromatography (Micro Gas Chromatography, μgc) chip, abbreviated as μgc chip, wherein the μgc chip is internally provided with a long and narrow gas flow pipeline filled with micro-columns, and the surface of the gas flow pipeline is coated with a stationary phase coating for repeatedly carrying out adsorption and desorption processes with mixed characteristic gases. Because of the difference between the intermolecular forces of the characteristic gases with different molecular weights and the stationary phase coating, the characteristic gases are separated from each other on the time axis as the carrier gas continuously pushes the characteristic gases to flow. In addition, a heating module (such as a resistance heater) and a temperature measuring module (such as a temperature sensor) are integrated on the back of the mu GC chip, and are used for performing closed-loop heating control on the mu GC chip so as to maintain the mu GC chip within a rated temperature range required by characteristic gas separation.
In a specific embodiment, the gas detection unit includes a surface acoustic wave (Surface Acoustic Wave, SAW) gas sensor, abbreviated as SAW gas sensor. The SAW gas sensor belongs to a resonator type high-frequency device, has the characteristics of low time delay, high sound velocity, high reliability and the like, and can be better suitable for high voltage, strong electromagnetic and severe vibration of an electric locomotive and a closed environment; the resonator type SAW gas sensor generally comprises an interdigital transducer (INTERDIGITAL TRANSDUCER, IDT) and two groups of reflecting grids, wherein the reflecting grids are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the IDT in the center of the substrate, and the SAW gas sensor is connected with an impedance matching network and an antenna 6 for transmitting high-frequency signals. On the backside of the SAW gas sensor there are a cooling module (e.g. a cooling fin) and a temperature measuring module for maintaining the SAW gas sensor 5 within a nominal temperature range by closed loop control. The above-mentioned μGC chip has a certain temperature for gas separation, and the SAW gas sensor uses a refrigeration sheet to maintain a low constant temperature and normal temperature state, and both have a certain temperature gradient. After separation from the μgc chip, the feature gas will condense on the SAW gas sensor surface in turn. The change in the propagation characteristics of the surface acoustic wave caused by the condensation of different characteristic gases on the surface of the SAW gas sensor results in a change in the vibration frequency of the SAW gas sensor. Through calibration and monitoring of the frequency variation, the type and content of the relevant characteristic gas can be analyzed.
The invention can be assembled on a transformer, carries out on-line detection according to a fixed time period, accumulates long-term data simultaneously, and is used for analyzing and predicting the health state of the transformer, wherein core devices are a mu GC chip and a SAW gas sensor, and can be developed by adopting MEMS technology and integrally assembled. The mu GC chip adopts a semi-filled serpentine layout flow passage structure, and the structure has the advantages of large specific surface area, short mass transfer distance, small gas dispersion and the like; and the back of the mu GC chip is integrated with the heating electrode and the temperature measuring electrode, so that the space volume of the whole structure is further compressed, and the heating power consumption is saved.
The invention also discloses a transformer fault detection system which comprises a collection unit (such as a collector 7), a fault judgment unit (such as an equipment controller 8 in fig. 1 and 2) and the system for detecting the gas in the transformer oil, wherein the collection unit is respectively connected with the collection unit and the gas detection system and is used for collecting the types and the contents of the characteristic gas detected by the gas detection system, and the fault judgment unit is used for judging the faults of the transformer according to the types and the contents of the characteristic gas and displaying the related signals and the states.
Specifically, the collector 7 receives the radio frequency signal generated by the SAW gas sensor through the antenna 6 in real time, and obtains the graph and digital information such as the peak time, the peak state and the like of each characteristic gas after signal demodulation and processing, and displays the graph and digital information in the display. And finally, analyzing the characteristic gas data by a three-ratio method and a gas production rate method, and judging and monitoring the state of the transformer oil in real time to obtain monitoring conclusions such as the internal health of the transformer, high-temperature overheat, arc discharge and overheat.
In a specific embodiment, the device controller 8 includes a microprocessor, a temperature control module, a valve control module, a liquid crystal display module, a status indication module, and a key command module, where the temperature control module, the valve control module, the liquid crystal display module, the status indication module, and the key command module are all connected to the microprocessor; the microprocessor receives the signals through the collector 7 and analyzes the signals; the liquid crystal display module displays the analysis result in real time, and the state indicating module concisely indicates the running state of the transformer. The temperature control module is respectively connected with the mu GC chip and the SAW gas sensor; the valve control module respectively controls the on-off of the valve between the oil-gas separator 11 and the air chamber 3 so as to control oil ways and air ways for extracting oil samples, exhausting air and the like.
The gas detection system and the transformer fault detection system can monitor the state of transformer oil in real time, and have the following technical effects:
1) Compared with manual periodic maintenance detection, the system can realize real-time monitoring of the train in the stop period or the running period, and avoid the problems of internal pollution, long maintenance time and the like caused by manual measurement errors and improper manual operation.
2) The invention can monitor the early development stage of the transformer fault. By utilizing the dissolved gas separated from the oil liquid and combining the surface acoustic wave and gas chromatography online detection technology, the change trend of the type and the content of the dissolved gas is statistically analyzed, and before a large amount of gas is cracked out of the transformer oil, signals can be timely transmitted, the problem is fed back, and potential safety hazards of the transformer are reported.
3) The invention combines three technologies of MEMS technology, gas chromatography technology and acoustic surface wave sensing technology. The gas chromatography chip 4 and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor 5 can be assembled and integrated into a whole by utilizing the MEMS technology, and the device volume and the energy consumption are compressed. The mixed gas is separated by utilizing a gas chromatography technology, so that the problem of cross interference caused by the mixed gas to a detector can be effectively avoided; on the one hand, compared with a common metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor, the gas detection and signal transmission are carried out by using the surface acoustic wave sensing technology, and a high-temperature detection environment (such as 600 ℃) is not needed, so that the gas detection and signal transmission are safer in an oil environment; on the other hand, the signal transmission can pass through electromagnetic wave signals, and one collector 7 can collect corresponding to a plurality of SAW gas sensor signals, so that the device is convenient to install and comprehensive in monitoring in a complex equipment environment.
The invention also discloses a gas detection method based on the system for detecting the gas in the transformer oil, which comprises the following steps:
1) Extracting transformer oil in the transformer, entering an oil-gas separator 11 through an oil inlet 10, separating out characteristic gas in the transformer oil through the oil-gas separator 11, and discharging the transformer oil into the transformer through an oil outlet 9;
2) The air chamber 3 is communicated with the oil-gas separator 11, and characteristic gas separated from the transformer oil enters the air chamber 3; the air pump 1 pumps air to form carrier gas, and the carrier gas is mixed with the characteristic gas in the air chamber 3 and pushes the characteristic gas to be conveyed into the gas separation unit;
3) The gas separation unit separates the mixed characteristic gases;
4) The gas detection unit detects the type and content of the separated characteristic gas.
The invention described above is further described in connection with one embodiment as follows:
1. Instrument pre-start: the equipment controller 8 starts a temperature control module, performs corresponding temperature feedback and control on the mu GC chip and the SAW gas sensor, and performs negative feedback adjustment by adopting a fuzzy PID algorithm in the temperature control, wherein the control precision reaches +/-0.1 ℃; after the mu GC chip and the SAW gas sensor reach the normal working temperature, maintaining the constant temperature for 5min, and ensuring that the internal coating of the mu GC chip reaches the rated temperature and the surface of the substrate of the SAW gas sensor reaches the rated temperature through heat conduction for a period of time;
Meanwhile, the collector 7 is started to continuously emit electromagnetic wave signals to the SAW gas sensor; after receiving the radio frequency signal, the antenna 6 converts the radio frequency signal into SAW by the SAW gas sensor through the inverse piezoelectric effect; the SAW propagates along the surface of the piezoelectric substrate, generates reflection after encountering the reflection grating array, and the reflection signals are overlapped to excite the emergent frequency electric signal again and converted into echo electromagnetic wave signals by the IDT through the piezoelectric effect; the antenna 6 sends the echo electromagnetic wave signal to the collector 7, which finally results in a stable signal baseline under initial conditions.
2. Extracting an oil sample: the oil separator 11 starts an oil inlet 10, extracts transformer oil in the transformer and enters the oil separator 11. Meanwhile, a valve control module of the equipment controller 8 closes a valve communicated between the upper end of the oil-gas separator 11 and the air chamber 3, so that oil liquid is prevented from entering the air chamber 3.
3. Oil-gas separation: the extracted oil enters an oil-gas separator 11, and the vacuum inside the separator is gradually extracted under the uniform stirring of a stirring motor; and separating dissolved gas in the transformer oil by means of a filter element, wherein the separation process is about 10 minutes. Then, the valve control module of the equipment controller 8 opens a valve communicating between the upper end of the oil-gas separator 11 and the air chamber 3, and the separated air reaches the air chamber 3. The treated transformer oil is then discharged into the transformer through the oil outlet 9.
4. The air pump 1 feeds air: the air pump 1 is started, and the extracted air enters the air channel pipeline 2; the air passes through the air filter screen to form pure carrier gas, and is mixed with the characteristic gas in the air chamber 3, and then the characteristic gas is pushed to continuously advance.
5. Gas separation: the characteristic gas enters the μgc chip under the pushing of the carrier gas. The inside of the mu GC chip is provided with a long and narrow airflow pipeline filled with micro vertical columns, the surface of the micro pipeline is coated with a stationary phase coating with targeted separation performance, and the coating and characteristic gas are subjected to repeated adsorption and desorption processes. The partition coefficient between the different characteristic gases and the stationary phase coating is different, and the retention capacity of the coating is different. For example, the more the coating retains the characteristic gas, the later the characteristic gas comes out at the exit of the μgc chip. And finally, each characteristic gas sequentially comes out at the outlet of the mu GC chip and enters the SAW gas sensor.
6. And (3) gas detection: after the separation treatment of the mu GC chip, the characteristic gas has higher temperature, meanwhile, the SAW gas sensor keeps lower surface temperature due to the effect of the refrigerating sheet, the characteristic gas enters the cavity of the SAW gas sensor by the temperature gradient, and is rapidly condensed and adsorbed on the surface of the SAW gas sensor, and the SAW gas sensor generates the propagation characteristic change of the acoustic surface wave and is shown by the mode of changing the oscillation frequency. The frequency change of the acoustic wave on the surface of the substrate caused by the gases with different characteristics is transmitted to the antenna 6 through the IDT and the impedance matching circuit by the piezoelectric effect to form echo electromagnetic wave, and the echo electromagnetic wave is received by the collector 7.
7. Data processing and state analysis: the collector 7 demodulates the received signals to form a chromatographic profile with qualitative and quantitative analysis of the characteristic gas, which is a raw data profile formed by continuously detecting the effluent concentration of the component. And judging the corresponding characteristic gas according to the retention time value of the chromatographic peak in the curve, and judging the content of the characteristic gas according to the peak area and the peak height of the chromatographic peak. And then, according to a three-ratio method, calculating three-ratio values of the characteristics of five gases of methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene and hydrogen, and comparing and analyzing the calculated result with the recommended standard DL/T722-2014 of the power industry to obtain whether the transformer has faults or not and what faults (local overheating, arc discharge and the like) occur.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A system for detecting gas in transformer oil, which is characterized by comprising an oil-gas separation unit, a gas flow path unit, a gas separation unit and a gas detection unit;
The oil-gas separation unit comprises an oil-gas separator (11) and an air chamber (3), wherein an oil inlet (10) and an oil outlet (9) of the oil-gas separator (11) are connected with an electric locomotive transformer;
the gas flow path unit comprises an air pump (1), a gas path pipeline (2) and an air chamber (3); the air chamber (3) is arranged on the oil-gas separator (11) and is used for collecting gas separated by the oil-gas separator (11); the gas path pipeline (2) is used for sequentially connecting the gas pump (1), the gas chamber (3), the gas separation unit and the gas detection unit; the air pump (1) is used for providing carrier gas so as to push mixed characteristic gas in the air chamber (3) into the gas separation unit;
The gas separation unit comprises a gas chromatography chip (4), wherein the surface of a gas flow pipeline of the gas chromatography chip (4) is coated with a stationary phase coating, and the stationary phase coating is used for repeatedly carrying out adsorption and desorption processes with mixed characteristic gas so as to separate the mixed characteristic gas;
the gas detection unit comprises a surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) and is used for detecting the types and the contents of the separated characteristic gases;
The airflow pipeline adopts a semi-filled serpentine layout flow channel structure, and the inside of the airflow pipeline is long and narrow and is full of miniature upright posts;
The gas separation unit further comprises a heating module for heating the gas chromatography chip (4) to maintain it within a rated temperature range; a temperature measuring module is arranged on the gas chromatographic chip (4); the temperature measuring module and the heating module are integrated on the back of the gas chromatographic chip (4);
the surface acoustic wave gas sensor also comprises a refrigerating sheet, a refrigerating unit and a temperature sensor, wherein the refrigerating sheet is used for maintaining the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) within a rated temperature range; a temperature measuring module is also arranged on the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5); the refrigerating sheet and the temperature measuring module are both positioned at the back of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5);
The gas chromatography chip (4) and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) are developed by adopting MEMS technology and are integrated and assembled into a whole.
2. The transformer fault detection system is characterized by comprising a collection unit, a fault judging unit and the system for detecting the gas in the transformer oil according to claim 1, wherein the collection unit is respectively connected with the fault judging unit and the gas detection system and is used for collecting the types and the contents of the characteristic gases detected by the gas detection system, and the fault judging unit is used for judging the faults of the transformer according to the types and the contents of the characteristic gases.
3. A gas detection method based on the system for detecting gas in transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) Extracting transformer oil in the transformer, entering an oil-gas separator (11) through an oil inlet (10), separating out characteristic gas in the transformer oil through the oil-gas separator (11), and discharging the transformer oil into the transformer through an oil outlet (9);
2) The air chamber (3) is communicated with the oil-gas separator (11), and characteristic gas separated from transformer oil enters the air chamber (3); the air pump (1) extracts air to form carrier gas, the carrier gas is mixed with the characteristic gas in the air chamber (3) and pushes the characteristic gas to be conveyed into the gas separation unit;
3) The stationary phase coating coated on the surface of the airflow pipeline of the gas separation unit and the mixed characteristic gas are subjected to repeated adsorption and desorption processes to separate the mixed characteristic gas;
4) The surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) detects the type and content of the separated characteristic gas.
4. A gas detection method according to claim 3, wherein in step 3), the gas chromatography chip (4) is internally provided with a long and narrow gas flow pipeline filled with micro-columns, and the surface of the gas flow pipeline is coated with a stationary phase coating, and the adsorption and desorption processes are repeated with mixed characteristic gas;
The distribution coefficients of different characteristic gases and the distribution coefficients of the stationary phase coating are different, so that the retention capacity of the stationary phase coating is different, and each characteristic gas at the outlet of the gas flow pipeline sequentially comes out, so that the separation of each characteristic gas is realized.
5. The gas detection method according to claim 4, wherein in step 4), the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) is kept at a predetermined temperature and lower than the temperature of the characteristic gas to form a temperature gradient which allows the characteristic gas to enter the inside of the chamber of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5), rapidly condense and adsorb on the surface of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5), thereby generating a change in propagation characteristics of the surface acoustic wave and being manifested by a change in oscillation frequency; the frequency change of the sound wave on the surface of the substrate caused by different characteristic gases is transmitted to the antenna (6) through the IDT and the impedance matching circuit by the piezoelectric effect to form echo electromagnetic waves.
6. The gas detection method according to claim 5, further comprising, prior to step 1), a pre-start-up process:
corresponding temperature feedback and control are carried out on the gas chromatographic chip (4) and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) so as to maintain the gas chromatographic chip and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor within a corresponding rated temperature range and keep the gas chromatographic chip and the surface acoustic wave gas sensor for a preset time;
Transmitting electromagnetic wave signals to the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5), and after receiving the radio frequency signals, an antenna (6) of the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5) converts the radio frequency signals into surface acoustic waves through an inverse piezoelectric effect by the surface acoustic wave gas sensor (5); the surface acoustic wave propagates along the surface of the substrate, generates reflection after encountering the reflection grating array, and the reflected signals are overlapped to excite the emergent frequency electric signal again and converted into echo electromagnetic wave signals by the IDT through the piezoelectric effect; the antenna (6) sends back the echo electromagnetic wave signal to obtain a stable signal base line under the initial condition.
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| CN202110048437.2A CN112881948B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | System and method for detecting gas in transformer oil and transformer fault detection system |
| PCT/CN2021/137011 WO2022151880A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-12-10 | System and method for detecting gas in transformer oil, and system for detecting fault in transformer |
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| CN202110048437.2A CN112881948B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | System and method for detecting gas in transformer oil and transformer fault detection system |
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| CN112881948B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2024-05-28 | 株洲国创轨道科技有限公司 | System and method for detecting gas in transformer oil and transformer fault detection system |
| CN113532775B (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-10-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Oil-immersed power transformer detection system |
| CN113899804B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-04-16 | 国网福建省电力有限公司永安市供电公司 | Device and method for rapidly detecting and judging gas in main transformer fault oil on site |
| CN115201388A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-18 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Intelligent sampling analysis system and sampling analysis method for methanol in transformer oil |
| CN115290798B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-10-31 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Stability performance monitoring method and terminal of transformer oil chromatographic online monitoring device |
| CN116106791B (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-08-08 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Fault detection device for transformer network side sleeve |
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