CN112881607A - Multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112881607A CN112881607A CN202110066058.6A CN202110066058A CN112881607A CN 112881607 A CN112881607 A CN 112881607A CN 202110066058 A CN202110066058 A CN 202110066058A CN 112881607 A CN112881607 A CN 112881607A
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960003753 nitric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019391 nitrogen oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000541 pulsatile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system and an application method thereof, wherein the test system comprises an air inlet system, a conditioning system, a denitrification reactor, a desulfurization reactor, a flue gas analyzer, a tail gas treatment device and an automatic control system which are connected through pipelines; the gas inlet system comprises gas inlet pipelines of ammonia gas, nitric oxide, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas and sulfur dioxide which form the simulated flue gas of the desulfurization and denitrification test, and each gas inlet pipeline comprises a gas source, a control valve and a mass flow meter; the conditioning system comprises a steam inlet pipeline, a denitration heater and a desulfurization heater. The test system can adjust and control the air inlet pipeline to perform various test processes such as an independent desulfurization test, a dynamic adsorption test, a desulfurizer thermal regeneration test, an independent denitration test, a simultaneous desulfurization and denitration test, a denitration catalyst sulfur resistance test, a water resistance test and the like. The laboratory construction investment and the laboratory floor area are reduced, and the utilization rate of instruments and equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization and denitration, in particular to a test system for testing a novel desulfurization and denitration technology and an application method thereof.
Background
The air pollution pollutant is mainly from the smoke emission of steel enterprises, thermal power plants and other industries. The main pollutants of the flue gas include sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, particulate matters and the like. With the improvement of environmental consciousness of people, the national emission standards of flue gas become stricter, and ultralow emission becomes the target of consistent efforts of the whole society. In order to meet the requirement of ultralow emission of flue gas, the flue gas must be subjected to strict and efficient purification treatment including dust removal, desulfurization, denitration and the like before being discharged. In order to realize the atmospheric pollution treatment, a large amount of manpower and financial research is put into the nation to develop the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technology. Through continuous research and exploration for many years, a series of new flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technologies are developed, including a desulfurizer, a denitrifier, a desulfurization and denitrification agent and a new process method. In order to treat the atmospheric pollution more effectively and economically, the scientists in the field are exploring and researching more effective new desulfurization and denitrification technologies. Before the novel desulfurization and denitrification technology is put into practical use, the desulfurization and denitrification performance and the application process conditions, namely the related performance, are subjected to experimental tests.
In the research and development process of the desulfurization and denitrification technology, the traditional common method is to respectively use different experimental test systems to complete corresponding desulfurization and denitrification experimental tests. The desulfurization and denitrification technology has many experimental test types, including a desulfurizer performance test, a dynamic adsorption test, a desulfurizer thermal regeneration test, a denitrifier performance test, a denitrifier sulfur resistance test, a denitrifier water resistance test and the like. In order to complete the performance tests, the prior art needs to be provided with a plurality of sets of corresponding experimental test systems, and because different test system designs are only used for completing corresponding types of experimental tests, each experimental test system has a single function and can only complete a single type of experimental tests. The laboratory is equipped with all experimental test systems, and the laboratory construction investment is big, and area is great, and the utilization ratio of instrument and equipment is lower. For research institutions with insufficient capital in laboratory construction, it is difficult to complete all experimental test systems for desulfurization and denitrification technologies, and the research on new desulfurization and denitrification technologies is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical current situation and the defects of the desulfurization and denitrification technology experimental test system in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification technology experimental test system and an application method thereof.
The invention provides a multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system which comprises an air inlet system, a conditioning system, a denitrification reactor, a desulfurization reactor, a flue gas analyzer, a tail gas treatment device and an automatic control system which are connected through pipelines; the gas inlet system comprises gas inlet pipelines for assembling ammonia gas, nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide of the desulfurization and denitrification test simulation flue gas, and each gas inlet pipeline comprises a gas source, a control valve and a mass flow meter; the conditioning system comprises a steam inlet pipeline, a denitration heater and a desulfurization heater; the automatic control system comprises a computer integrated in the control cabinet, a display and a controller of the mass flowmeter, and a temperature display and a controller of the denitration heater, the desulfurization heater, the denitration reactor and the denitration reactor; the inlet pipelines of nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide in the inlet system are converged into a pipeline to be connected with the inlet interface of the denitration heater, and the outlet pipeline of the denitration heater, the ammonia inlet pipeline and the steam inlet pipeline are converged into a pipeline to be connected with the inlet interface of the denitration reactor; oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide inlet pipelines in the inlet system are converged into a pipeline to be connected with an inlet interface of the desulfurization heater, and an outlet pipeline of the desulfurization heater and a steam inlet pipeline are connected with an inlet interface of the desulfurization reactor; the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are respectively provided with an emergency bypass, the emergency bypass is provided with a control valve, and two ends of the emergency bypass are respectively connected with the gas inlet and outlet interfaces of the respective reactors; the air outlet interfaces of the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are respectively connected with the air inlet interface of a flue gas analyzer, and the air outlet interface of the flue gas analyzer is connected with the air inlet interface of a tail gas treatment device.
In the above technical scheme of the present invention, the number of the flue gas analyzers may be one or two; when the system adopts a flue gas analyzer, the outlets of the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are both connected with the inlet of the same flue gas analyzer, and control valves are respectively arranged on the outlet pipelines of the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor so as to adjust the system to carry out desulfurization tests or denitration experimental tests; when the system adopts two flue gas analyzers, the outlets of the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are respectively connected with the inlets of the respective matched flue gas analyzers, and control valves are not required to be arranged on the outlet pipelines of the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor. Two flue gas analyzers are adopted, and the system can simultaneously and respectively carry out desulfurization and denitration experiment tests. Whether the system adopts one flue gas analyzer or two flue gas analyzers, a gas-liquid separator is preferably arranged before the simulated flue gas enters the flue gas analyzers so as to remove water vapor in the simulated flue gas and avoid the damage of the water vapor to the flue gas analyzers. The flue gas analyzer preferably adopts an infrared flue gas analyzer.
In the technical scheme of the invention, if available steam is available near the system, the inlet end of the steam inlet pipeline is directly connected with a steam source, and the outlet end of the steam inlet pipeline is connected with the inlet of the denitration reactor and the inlet of the desulfurization reactor; if no steam is available in the vicinity of the system, the water vapor inlet pipeline is a water vapor inlet pipeline which is configured by the system and comprises a water tank, a pulse delivery pump and a water vapor generator; preferably, the pulsatile delivery pump is a peristaltic pump.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are preferably quartz reactors which are internally provided with desulfurizer or denitrifier or desulfurization and denitrifier pore plates and are provided with tubular thermoelectric furnaces and thermocouples. The desulfurizing agent can be a desulfurization catalyst or a desulfurization adsorbent; the denitration agent may be a denitration catalyst; the simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification agent can be a desulfurization and denitrification catalyst.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the tail gas treatment device preferably selects the alkali liquor tail gas treatment device; further preferably selecting a sodium hydroxide lye tail gas treatment device.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the automatic control system is integrated in a control cabinet, and a flow display instrument and a flow controller of the automatic control system are electrically connected with a mass flow meter on an air inlet pipeline; the temperature display instrument and the temperature control instrument are electrically connected with a temperature sensor arranged on the gas heater and a temperature sensor arranged on the reactor; and the computer is connected with the flue gas analyzer, displays the temperature and the gas flow of the corresponding position in real time, and performs corresponding regulation and control.
The application method of the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system generally comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the requirements of set experimental technical content, the used desulfurizer, denitrifier or simultaneous desulfurization and denitrifier is placed on a pore plate of a reactor, an air inlet pipeline of the reactor is closed, an emergency bypass of the corresponding test reactor and an air path behind the reactor are communicated, and a flue gas analyzer, a tail gas treatment device and an automatic control system are started;
(2) according to the requirements of set experimental technical content, a gas inlet pipeline and a steam gas inlet pipeline for simulating smoke components for corresponding tests are connected, so that the component gases of all branches except ammonia are mixed and then enter a heater, and the heated mixed gas is mixed with steam or steam and ammonia gas and then sequentially enters a device behind a reactor through an emergency bypass of the corresponding reactor;
(3) distributing and tempering the correspondingly tested component gas under the control of an automatic control system;
(4) after the gas component ratio and the process conditions meet the corresponding experimental test requirements, an emergency bypass of the reactor is closed, and a gas inlet pipeline of the reactor is connected;
(5) after the gas circuit of the reactor operates stably, the components of the tail gas discharged from the reactor are tested and stored by a flue gas analyzer under the control of an automatic control system, and the experimental test under one working condition is completed;
(6) and (5) carrying out the testing process from the step (1) to the step (5) under another working condition.
The application method of the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system can be used for testing the performance of a desulfurizing agent, the dynamic adsorption performance of an adsorbent, the thermal regeneration of the desulfurizing agent, the performance of a denitrifying agent, the sulfur resistance of the denitrifying agent, the water resistance of the denitrifying agent and the performance of the desulfurizing and denitrifying agent. The test can be carried out by opening the corresponding components of the simulated flue gas in the gas inlet system and assembling the gas inlet pipeline, the heater and the reactor. If the test system is only provided with one flue gas analyzer, one of the desulfurization and denitrification technologies can be independently tested; if the test system is provided with two flue gas analyzers, one of the desulfurization and denitrification technologies can be tested independently, and two related desulfurization and denitrification technologies can be tested simultaneously.
The invention discloses that based on the research process of novel process technologies such as a novel catalytic desulfurization and denitrification technology, a simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification technology and the like, the experimental operating conditions of various test processes are very similar to the respective corresponding flue gas working conditions, and the inventor realizes that if a plurality of test processes such as an independent desulfurization test, a dynamic adsorption test, a desulfurizer thermal regeneration, an independent denitrification test, a simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification test, a denitrification catalyst sulfur resistance test, a water resistance test and the like are carried out in one test system to complete all tests in a laboratory research stage, the number of instruments and equipment can be greatly reduced, the complexity of the device can be simplified, the cost and the occupied space of the instruments and equipment can be saved, the utilization rate of the equipment can be improved, and the construction investment of a laboratory can be reduced. Based on the above, the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system is provided.
The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system provided by the invention integrates a plurality of paths of gases required by desulfurization or denitrification tests, is not dedicated for desulfurization tests or denitrification tests independently, and the required gas inlet pipelines of nitrogen, oxygen, steam and the like can be simultaneously used for a plurality of test processes of a desulfurization reactor and a denitrification reactor, so that the multi-functionalization is realized. Compared with a traditional desulfurization or denitration activity test system, the system saves cost and space, is more convenient and faster in operation processes such as gas distribution and the like, improves test efficiency, and reduces the difficulty of daily maintenance. The automatic control system integrates the temperature display instrument, the temperature controller, the flow display instrument, the flow controller and other instruments in the control cabinet, and is controlled by the integrated panel, so that data such as temperature and flow can be displayed in real time and regulated, and the device is tidy and intelligent in operation.
The disclosure of the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system lays an effective platform for developing new desulfurization and denitrification technical researches in the field, and makes a contribution to the progress of the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the multifunctional SOx/NOx test system of the present invention
Description of the reference numerals
1-ammonia gas; 1-2-nitric oxide; 1-3-oxygen; 1-4-nitrogen; 1-5-sulfur dioxide; 2, a water tank; 3-1 to the 1 st mass flowmeter, 3-2 to the 2 nd mass flowmeter, 3-3 to the 3 rd mass flowmeter, 3-4 to the 4 th mass flowmeter, and 3-5 to the 5 th mass flowmeter; 4-peristaltic pump; 5-1-steam generator, 5-2-denitration heater, 5-3-desulfuration heater; 6-1 to the 1 st temperature controller, 6-2 to the 2 nd temperature controller, 6-3 to the 3 rd temperature controller, 6-4 to the 4 th temperature controller, 6-5 to the 5 th temperature controller; 7-1 to 1 st temperature display, 7-2 to 2 nd temperature display, 7-3 to 3 rd temperature display, 7-4 to 4 th temperature display and 7-5 to 5 th temperature display; 8-1-a denitration reactor; 8-2-desulfurization reactor; 9-1-denitration emergency bypass and 9-2-desulfurization emergency bypass; 10-1-a first gas-liquid separator, 10-2-a second gas-liquid separator; 11-1-infrared flue gas analyzer, 11-2-second infrared flue gas analyzer; 12-a tail gas absorption device; 13-control cabinet.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the preferred embodiments are described for purposes of illustration and description only.
The structure of the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system used in the following embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system comprises an air inlet system, a conditioning system, a denitrification reactor (8-1), a desulfurization reactor (8-2), a first gas-liquid separator 10-1 and a second gas-liquid separator 10-2 which are connected through pipelines; the system comprises a first infrared flue gas analyzer 11-1, a second infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2, a tail gas treatment device 12 and an automatic control system; the gas inlet system comprises gas transmission pipelines for assembling ammonia gas, nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide of the desulfurization and denitrification test simulation flue gas, and each gas transmission pipeline comprises a gas source steel cylinder, a control valve and a mass flow meter; the conditioning system comprises a water vapor gas transmission pipeline, a denitration heater 5-2 and a desulfuration heater 5-3, wherein the water vapor gas transmission pipeline is composed of a water tank 2, a peristaltic pump 3 and a steam generator 5-1 which are connected through pipelines; the automatic control system comprises a computer integrated in the control cabinet 13, a display and a controller of each mass flowmeter, and a temperature display and a controller of the denitration heater, the desulfurization heater, the denitration reactor and the denitration reactor; gas transmission pipelines of nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide in the gas inlet system are converged into a pipeline to be connected with a gas inlet interface of the denitration heater, and an outlet pipeline of the denitration heater, an ammonia gas transmission pipeline and a steam gas transmission pipeline are converged into a pipeline to be connected with a gas inlet interface of the denitration reactor; the gas transmission pipelines of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide in the gas inlet system are converged into a pipeline to be connected with the gas inlet interface of the desulfurization heater, and the outlet pipeline of the desulfurization heater and the steam gas transmission pipeline are converged into a pipeline to be connected with the gas inlet interface of the desulfurization reactor; the denitration reactor 8-1 is provided with an emergency bypass 9-1, two ends of the emergency bypass are connected with an air inlet and outlet interface of the denitration reactor, and a control valve is arranged on the emergency bypass; the desulfurization reactor 8-2 is provided with an emergency bypass 9-1, two ends of the emergency bypass are connected with an air inlet and outlet interface of the desulfurization reactor, and a control valve is arranged on the emergency bypass; the denitration reactor outlet port is connected with a first infrared flue gas analyzer through a first gas-liquid separator 10-1, the desulfuration reactor outlet port is connected with a second infrared flue gas analyzer through a second gas-liquid separator 10-2, and outlets of the first infrared flue gas analyzer and the second infrared flue gas analyzer are connected with an inlet of the same tail gas treatment device.
The following is a specific example of the desulfurization and denitrification technical test using the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system of the present invention.
Example 1: denitration test
The simulated flue gas comprises 1-1 parts of ammonia gas, 1-2 parts of nitric oxide, 1-3 parts of oxygen and 1-4 parts of nitrogen, wherein the gas sources of the four gases are steel cylinder gas, a control valve and a mass flow meter are arranged on each gas transmission pipeline, the flow of each gas is monitored and controlled by the mass flow meter on each gas transmission pipeline, and the mass flow meter is provided with a flow display and a controller. 1-2 parts of nitric oxide, 1-3 parts of oxygen and 1-4 parts of nitrogen are converged into a mixed gas main pipeline, the mixed gas is introduced into a denitration heater 5-2 for mixing and heating, and the denitration heater is provided with a temperature controller 6-2 and a temperature display 7-2 and is used for controlling the heating temperature and displaying in real time; 1-1 of ammonia gas, in order to prevent ammonia gas and sulfur dioxide from reacting to form ammonium sulfate crystal in the heating process in the sulfur resistance test process, setting the ammonia gas as a single path, and not heating together with the other three paths of component gases; the ammonia gas and the heated and mixed component gas are mixed into one path of gas, and then the gas is divided into two branches, wherein one branch is a normal test flow, the other branch is a bypass 9-1 for adjustment and emergency, the bypass 9-1 skips over the denitration reactor 8-1 when in use and directly leads to a subsequent device, and the bypass 9-1 is closed when in normal test; in the normal testing process, the proportioned heated mixed gas is introduced into a denitration reactor 8-1 loaded with a certain mass/volume of catalyst, matched temperature control devices 6-3 and 7-3 are started for temperature programming, and the denitration reactor 8-1 performs denitration testing by using the catalyst under the conditions of the required mixed gas and temperature; the tail gas after denitration firstly passes through a gas-liquid separator 10-1, and gas-liquid separation is completed through a condensation process, so that the phenomenon that liquid enters an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-1 to cause instrument damage is avoided; and introducing the tail gas subjected to gas-liquid separation treatment into an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-1 for detecting the components and the content of the tail gas, displaying and archiving analysis data in real time for subsequent data analysis, and introducing the analyzed tail gas into a tail gas absorption device 12 for purification and absorption by alkali liquor and then emptying. The whole process temperature display instrument, the temperature control instrument, the flow display instrument, the flow control instrument and other instruments can be displayed and regulated in real time through the control cabinet 13.
Example 2: desulfurization test
The component gases of the simulated flue gas comprise three gases of oxygen 1-3, nitrogen 1-4 and sulfur dioxide 1-5, the gas sources of the three gases are steel bottle-packed gas sources, each gas pipeline is provided with a control valve and a mass flow meter, the flow rate of each gas is respectively monitored and controlled by the mass flow meters on the respective pipelines, and the mass flow meters are provided with flow rate displays and controllers. The water vapor is provided by a water tank 2, a peristaltic pump 3 and a vapor generator 5-1 configured in the system. Three gas transmission pipelines of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide are converged into a mixed gas main pipeline, the mixed gas is introduced into a desulfurizer 5-3 to be mixed and heated, and a denitration heater 5-3 is provided with a temperature controller 6-4 and a temperature display 7-4 for controlling the preheating temperature and displaying in real time; the water vapor and the heated and mixed component gas are mixed into one path of gas, and then the gas is divided into two branches, wherein one branch is a normal test flow, the other branch is a bypass 9-2 for adjustment and emergency, the bypass 9-2 skips over the desulfurization reactor 8-2 when in use and directly leads to a subsequent device, and the bypass 9-2 is closed when in normal test; in the normal testing process, the preheated mixed gas and steam in the ratio are introduced into a desulfurization reactor 8-2 loaded with a certain mass/volume of catalyst, matched temperature control devices 6-5 and 7-5 are started for temperature programming, and the desulfurization reactor 8-2 performs desulfurization test by using the catalyst under the conditions of the required mixed gas and temperature; the desulfurized tail gas firstly passes through a gas-liquid separator 10-2, and gas-liquid separation is completed through a condensation process, so that the liquid is prevented from entering an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2 to cause instrument damage; and introducing the tail gas subjected to gas-liquid separation treatment into an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2 for detecting the components and the content of the tail gas, displaying and archiving analysis data in real time for subsequent data analysis, and introducing the analyzed tail gas into a tail gas absorption device 12 for purification and absorption by alkali liquor and then emptying. The whole process temperature display instrument, the temperature control instrument, the flow display instrument, the flow control instrument and other instruments can be displayed and regulated in real time through the control cabinet 13.
Example 3: denitration catalyst sulfur resistance and water resistance test
The simulated smoke comprises 1-1 parts of ammonia gas, 1-2 parts of nitric oxide, 1-3 parts of oxygen, 1-4 parts of nitrogen and 1-5 parts of sulfur dioxide, the gas source is a steel cylinder gas, and a control valve and a mass flow meter are arranged on a gas transmission pipeline of each gas. The flow of each component gas of the simulated flue gas is monitored and controlled by a mass flow meter on each gas transmission pipeline, and the mass flow meter is provided with a flow display and a controller. The water vapor is provided by a water tank 2, a peristaltic pump 3 and a vapor generator 5-1 configured in the system. In the testing process, four pipeline gases of nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide are converged into a main pipeline mixed gas, and the main pipeline mixed gas is introduced into a denitration heater 5-2 for mixed heating, wherein the denitration heater is provided with a temperature controller 6-2 and a temperature display 7-2 for controlling the heating temperature and displaying the heating temperature in real time respectively; then mixing ammonia gas, water vapor and the heated and mixed component gas into a path of gas; the ammonia gas is singly set as one path, so that the ammonia gas and sulfur dioxide are prevented from reacting in the denitration heater 5-2 to form ammonium sulfate crystals in the sulfur resistance test process, and the ammonia gas and other four paths of gases are not heated together; secondly, the component gas mixed with ammonia and water vapor is divided into two branches, one branch is a normal test flow, and the other branch is a bypass 9-1 for regulation and emergency; when the emergency bypass 9-1 is used, the denitration reactor 8-1 is skipped over and directly led to a rear device, and the emergency bypass 9-1 is closed during normal test; in the normal testing process, the proportioned preheated mixed gas is introduced into a denitration reactor 8-1 loaded with a catalyst with a certain mass or volume, matched temperature control devices 6-3 and 7-3 are started for temperature programming, and the denitration reactor 8-1 utilizes the catalyst to test the sulfur resistance and water resistance of the denitration catalyst under the conditions of the required mixed gas and temperature; the tail gas after denitration firstly passes through a gas-liquid separator 10-1, and gas-liquid separation is completed through a condensation process, so that the phenomenon that liquid enters an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-1 to cause instrument damage is avoided; and introducing the tail gas subjected to gas-liquid separation treatment into an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-1 for detecting the components and the content of the tail gas, displaying and archiving analysis data in real time for subsequent analysis, and introducing the analyzed tail gas into a tail gas absorption device 12 for purification and absorption by alkali liquor and then emptying. The whole process temperature display instrument, the temperature control instrument, the flow display instrument, the flow control instrument and other instruments can be displayed and regulated in real time through the control cabinet 13.
Example 4: simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification test
And simultaneously performing desulfurization and denitrification tests, wherein gas paths meeting the requirements of simulation of flue gas component gases of the desulfurization tests and the denitrification tests need to be opened simultaneously, the gas paths comprise 1-1 parts of ammonia gas, 1-2 parts of nitric oxide, 1-3 parts of oxygen gas, 1-4 parts of nitrogen gas, 1-5 parts of sulfur dioxide and a steam gas path, wherein a denitrification shunt pipeline and a desulfurization shunt pipeline need to be opened simultaneously for 1-3 parts of oxygen gas and 1-4 parts of nitrogen gas, devices such as a subsequent reactor and the like are normally opened, the gas flow of each path is adjusted to a required value, then the desulfurization and denitrification tests can be performed simultaneously, and the subsequent implementation steps are the same as those of the first embodiment and the second.
Example 5: dynamic adsorption test
The component gas of the simulated flue gas is 1-5 of sulfur dioxide (if the sulfur dioxide needs to be diluted, nitrogen is introduced for 1-4). The testing process comprises the steps of introducing sulfur dioxide gas into a desulfurization heater 5-3 for heating, monitoring and controlling the flow of the sulfur dioxide gas through a mass flow meter 3-5 on a gas transmission pipeline of the desulfurization heater, and controlling and displaying the heating temperature of the desulfurization heater 5-3 in real time through a temperature controller 6-4 and a temperature display 7-4 which are arranged on the desulfurization heater; the sulfur dioxide heated by the desulfurization heater has two branches, one branch is a normal test flow path, the other branch is an adjusting and emergency bypass 9-2, the emergency bypass 9-2 skips over the desulfurization reactor 8-2 when in use and directly leads to a subsequent device, and the emergency bypass 9-2 is closed during normal test; in the normal testing process, sulfur dioxide passing through a desulfurization heater 5-3 is introduced into a desulfurization reactor 8-2 loaded with an adsorbent with a certain mass or volume, a matched temperature controller 6-5 and a temperature display 7-5 are started to set the temperature, and the desulfurization reactor 8-2 utilizes the adsorbent to perform dynamic adsorption testing under the required gas condition and temperature condition; the tail gas after the adsorption test passes through a gas-liquid separator 10-2, and gas-liquid separation is completed through a condensation process, so that moisture is prevented from entering an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2 to cause instrument damage; and introducing the tail gas subjected to gas-liquid separation treatment into an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2 for detecting the components and the content of the tail gas, displaying and archiving analysis data in real time for subsequent data analysis, and introducing the analyzed tail gas into a tail gas absorption device 12 for purification and absorption by alkali liquor and then emptying. The whole process temperature display instrument, the temperature control instrument, the flow display instrument, the flow control instrument and other instruments can be displayed and regulated in real time through the control cabinet 13.
Example 6: regeneration of desulfurizing agent
The component gas of the simulated smoke is 1-4 of nitrogen. In the testing process, the nitrogen 1-4 is heated by a desulfurization heater 5-3, the gas flow of the nitrogen is monitored and controlled by a mass flow meter 3-4 on a gas transmission pipeline of the nitrogen, and the desulfurization heater 5-3 is provided with a temperature controller 6-4 and a temperature display 7-4 for controlling and displaying the heating temperature of the gas in the desulfurization heater 5-3 in real time; the gas heated by the desulfurization heater 5-3 is divided into two branches, one branch is a normal test flow path, and the other branch is a bypass 9-2 for regulation and emergency. When the emergency bypass 9-2 is used, the desulfurization reactor 8-2 is skipped over to directly lead to a post-arranged device, and the bypass 9-2 is closed during normal test; in the normal testing process, nitrogen passing through a preheater 5-3 is introduced into a desulfurization reactor 8-2 loaded with a desulfurizer to be regenerated with a certain mass or volume, a matched temperature controller 6-5 and a temperature display 7-5 are started to set the thermal regeneration temperature, and the desulfurization reactor 8-2 carries out thermal regeneration of the desulfurizer under the conditions of nitrogen protection and required temperature; tail gas generated in the thermal regeneration process firstly passes through a gas-liquid separator 10-2, and gas-liquid separation is completed in the condensation process, so that moisture is prevented from entering an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2 to cause instrument damage; and introducing the tail gas subjected to gas-liquid separation treatment into an online infrared flue gas analyzer 11-2 for detecting the components and the content of the tail gas, displaying and archiving analysis data in real time for subsequent data analysis, and introducing the analyzed tail gas into a tail gas absorption device 12 for purification and absorption by alkali liquor and then emptying. The whole process temperature display instrument, the temperature control instrument, the flow display instrument, the flow control instrument and other instruments can be displayed and regulated in real time through the control cabinet 13.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional SOx/NOx control test system which characterized in that: comprises an air inlet system, a conditioning system, a denitration reactor (8-1), a desulfurization reactor (8-2), a flue gas analyzer, a tail gas treatment device and an automatic control system which are connected through pipelines; the gas inlet system comprises gas inlet pipelines for assembling ammonia gas, nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide of the desulfurization and denitrification test simulation flue gas, and each gas inlet pipeline comprises a gas source, a control valve and a mass flow meter; the conditioning system comprises a steam inlet pipeline, a denitration heater (5-2) and a desulfurization heater (5-3); the automatic control system comprises a computer integrated in the control cabinet, a display and a controller of the mass flowmeter, and a temperature display and a controller of the denitration heater, the desulfurization heater, the denitration reactor and the denitration reactor; the inlet pipelines of nitric oxide, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide in the inlet system are converged into a pipeline to be connected with the inlet interface of the denitration heater, and the outlet pipeline of the denitration heater, the ammonia inlet pipeline and the steam inlet pipeline are converged into a pipeline to be connected with the inlet interface of the denitration reactor; oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide inlet pipelines in the inlet system are converged into a pipeline to be connected with an inlet interface of the desulfurization heater, and an outlet pipeline of the desulfurization heater and a steam inlet pipeline are connected with an inlet interface of the desulfurization reactor; the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are respectively provided with an emergency bypass, the emergency bypass is provided with a control valve, and two ends of the emergency bypass are respectively connected with the gas inlet and outlet interfaces of the respective reactors; the air outlet interfaces of the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are respectively connected with the air inlet interface of a flue gas analyzer, and the air outlet interface of the flue gas analyzer is connected with the air inlet interface of a tail gas treatment device.
2. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system of claim 1, wherein: the denitration reactor outlet port and the desulfuration reactor outlet port are respectively connected with the inlet of a flue gas analyzer through a gas-liquid separator.
3. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system of claim 2, wherein: the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are respectively connected with a tail gas treatment device through a gas-liquid separator and a flue gas analyzer which are respectively configured.
4. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the steam inlet pipeline comprises a water tank (2), a pulse delivery pump (4) and a steam generator (5-1).
5. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the denitration reactor and the desulfurization reactor are made of quartz materials, are internally provided with reactors for placing desulfurizer or denitrifier or desulfurization and denitrifier pore plates, and are provided with tubular thermoelectric furnaces and thermocouples.
6. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the flue gas analyzer is an infrared flue gas analyzer.
7. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the tail gas treatment device is a sodium hydroxide alkali liquor tail gas treatment device.
8. The multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the automatic control system is integrated in the control cabinet, and the flow display instrument and the flow control instrument are electrically connected with the mass flow meter on the air inlet pipeline; the temperature display instrument and the temperature control instrument are electrically connected with a temperature sensor arranged on the gas heater and a temperature sensor arranged on the reactor; the computer is connected with the flue gas analyzer.
9. The application method of the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the requirements of set experimental technical content, the used desulfurizer, denitrifier or simultaneous desulfurization and denitrifier is placed on a pore plate of a reactor, an air inlet pipeline of the reactor is closed, an emergency bypass of the corresponding test reactor and an air path behind the reactor are communicated, and a flue gas analyzer, a tail gas treatment device and an automatic control system are started;
(2) according to the requirements of set experimental technical content, a gas inlet pipeline and a steam gas inlet pipeline for simulating smoke components for corresponding tests are connected, so that the component gases of all branches except ammonia are mixed and then enter a heater, and the heated mixed gas is mixed with steam or steam and ammonia gas and then sequentially enters a device behind a reactor through an emergency bypass of the corresponding reactor;
(3) distributing and tempering the correspondingly tested component gas under the control of an automatic control system;
(4) after the gas component ratio and the process conditions meet the corresponding experimental test requirements, an emergency bypass of the reactor is closed, and a gas inlet pipeline of the reactor is connected;
(5) after the gas circuit of the reactor operates stably, the components of the tail gas discharged from the reactor are tested and stored by a flue gas analyzer under the control of an automatic control system, and the experimental test under one working condition is completed;
(6) and (5) carrying out the testing process from the step (1) to the step (5) under another working condition.
10. The application method of the multifunctional desulfurization and denitrification test system as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the method is characterized in that an air inlet pipeline, a heater and a reactor which are matched and assembled with corresponding components of simulated flue gas in an air inlet system are opened, and the method is used for testing the performance of a desulfurizing agent, the dynamic adsorption performance of an adsorbent, the thermal regeneration of the desulfurizing agent, the performance of a denitrifying agent, the sulfur resistance of the denitrifying agent, the water resistance of the denitrifying agent and the performance of the desulfurizing and denitrifying agent at the same time.
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