CN112881205A - Metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental device and method - Google Patents
Metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112881205A CN112881205A CN202011551996.7A CN202011551996A CN112881205A CN 112881205 A CN112881205 A CN 112881205A CN 202011551996 A CN202011551996 A CN 202011551996A CN 112881205 A CN112881205 A CN 112881205A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/317—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by electromagnetic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic forming limit experiment device and an electromagnetic forming limit experiment method for metal plates, and the electromagnetic forming limit experiment device comprises a female die, the metal plates, an edge pressing device and a press machine, wherein a first groove and a second groove arranged below the first groove are arranged in the female die, a planar annular spiral coil is arranged in the second groove, the planar annular spiral coil is filled with insulating materials, the planar annular spiral coil is charged or discharged through a charging and discharging circuit, a plurality of metal plates are arranged, 4 semicircular grooves are formed in the middle of each metal plate, the radius of each semicircular groove is greater than or equal to 0, the radius of each semicircular groove is consistent, the radius of each semicircular groove on different metal plates is different, the edge pressing device comprises an edge pressing block and a plurality of edge pressing splicing blocks, one edge pressing block and one edge pressing splicing block form a group of edge pressing assemblies, and the press machine is. The invention provides an experimental device and an experimental method for electromagnetic forming limit of a metal plate, which enable induced current to form a self-loop in the metal plate and obtain the left part of an electromagnetic forming limit diagram.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal electromagnetic forming, in particular to an experimental device and an experimental method for the electromagnetic forming limit of a metal plate.
Background
The forming limit diagram is a simple and visual method for evaluating the comprehensive forming performance of the metal plate, can be used for quantitatively describing the forming performance of the metal plate, provides good theoretical basis and criterion for researching the forming performance of the metal plate, judging the instability of the plate and predicting the problems which may occur in the forming process of the plate, and plays an increasingly extensive role in formal production.
At present, when the left half area of the sheet forming limit is predicted by an electromagnetic forming process, a quasi-static single-pull sample is mostly adopted to obtain the sheet electromagnetic forming limit single-pull strain state, and then the sheet electromagnetic forming limit plane strain state is obtained by changing the length-width ratio of the sample and changing different coils.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an experimental device and an experimental method for the electromagnetic forming limit of a metal plate, so that an induced current forms a self-loop in the metal plate, the energy utilization rate is greatly improved, and the purpose of obtaining the left side epsilon of an electromagnetic forming limit diagram is achieved2The part is less than 0, and the problems of spark discharge and spark erosion can be avoided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an electromagnetic forming limit experimental device for metal plates comprises a female die, the metal plates, an edge presser and a press machine;
a first groove and a second groove are arranged in the female die, the second groove is arranged below the first groove, a planar annular spiral coil is arranged in the second groove, the planar annular spiral coil is filled with an insulating material, and the planar annular spiral coil is charged or discharged through a charging and discharging circuit;
the metal plates are integrally formed and comprise a first plate, a second plate, a third plate and a fourth plate, the first plate, the second plate, the third plate and the fourth plate are sequentially connected, the first plate and the third plate are respectively provided with two inner side faces opposite to the left side and the right side of the first groove, the second plate and the fourth plate are rectangular, a certain distance is reserved between the second plate and the fourth plate, two opposite semicircular grooves are formed in the middle of the second plate and the fourth plate, openings of the semicircular grooves are arranged outwards, the radius of each semicircular groove is larger than or equal to 0, the radius of 4 semicircular grooves of each metal plate is consistent, and the radius of the semicircular grooves on different metal plates is different;
the edge pressing device comprises an edge pressing block and a plurality of edge pressing splicing blocks, one side of the edge pressing block is matched with the left side face or the right side face of the first groove, the other side of the edge pressing block is in contact with the edge pressing splicing blocks, the length of each edge pressing splicing block is different, and one edge pressing block and one edge pressing splicing block form a group of edge pressing assemblies;
the press is used for providing a blank holder force and preventing surrounding plates of the metal plates from flowing to the central area.
Further, the charging and discharging circuit comprises a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, a power supply, a resistor and a first control switch are arranged on the main circuit, a capacitor is arranged on the first branch, and the planar annular spiral coil and a second control switch are arranged on the second branch.
Further, the insulating material is epoxy resin filler.
Furthermore, two opposite inner side surfaces of the left and right sides of the first groove are both arc-shaped, and two opposite inner side surfaces of the front and back of the first groove are both rectangular.
Furthermore, a certain gap is arranged in the middle of the planar annular spiral coil.
Furthermore, the joints of the first plate, the second plate, the third plate and the fourth plate are in arc transition.
Further, the bottom of the other side of the edge pressing splicing block is a transition round angle.
An electromagnetic forming limit experiment method for a metal plate comprises the following steps:
and 6, replacing another metal plate, replacing the blank holder splicing blocks with different horizontal lengths, and repeating the steps 3 to 5 until a left half area of a forming limit diagram is drawn.
Further, in step 2, circular grids are etched on the metal plate material.
Further, in step 5, after the planar annular spiral coil is charged and discharged once through the charging and discharging circuit, after the metal plate is deformed, the circular grid at the necking position is changed into an elliptical grid, the long axis and the short axis of the elliptical grid are measured, and then the ultimate main strain and the ultimate secondary strain are obtained according to a conversion formula given by the national standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the experimental device and the experimental method for the electromagnetic forming limit of the metal plate, the induced current can form a self-loop in the metal plate, so that the energy utilization rate is greatly improved, and the problem that spark discharge is formed at the contact part of the metal plate and a steel film to form sparking ablation due to the fact that the self-loop cannot be formed inside the metal plate and a loop needs to be formed with a steel die with poor conductivity in the forming process at present is solved.
2. The experimental device and the experimental method for the electromagnetic forming limit of the metal plate have the advantages that the structure of the die is simple, and the designed die and the metal plate can achieve the effect of one die and two pieces.
3. According to the experimental device and the experimental method for the electromagnetic forming limit of the metal plate, different strain states of the left half area are obtained by changing the length of the edge pressing splicing block and the shape of the plate under the condition that the plane annular spiral coil is not changed, and time and production cost are greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electromagnetic forming limit experiment device for metal plate materials.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a planar toroidal helical coil.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the hold-down block.
Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of the metal plate material before cutting.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal plate material for obtaining a limit single-tensile strain state.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal plate material for acquiring other strain states.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the induced current inside the metal plate during the forming process.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a sheet metal material in which extreme strain occurs.
Wherein: 1. pressing an edge block; 2. an insulating material; 3. a female die; 4. a second control switch; 5. a first control switch; 6. a power source; 7. a capacitor; 8. a resistance; 9. a metal plate; 91. a first plate; 92. a second plate; 93. a third plate; 94. a fourth plate; 10. a planar annular spiral coil; 11. and (5) edge pressing and splicing the blocks.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
An electromagnetic forming limit experimental device for metal plates is shown in figures 1-7 and comprises a female die 3, metal plates 9, a beader and a press machine.
The female die 3 is internally provided with a first groove and a second groove, the second groove is arranged below the first groove, the length and the width of the first groove are both larger than those of the second groove, the second groove is internally provided with a planar annular spiral coil 10, the planar annular spiral coils 10 are filled with insulating materials 2, the insulating materials 2 can be epoxy resin fillers, the planar annular spiral coil 10 is charged or discharged through a charging and discharging circuit, the planar annular spiral coil 10 discharges to generate induced current on the metal plate 9, and the metal plate 9 forms a self-loop, so that the metal plate 9 is expanded freely, and the metal plate 9 is necked or cracked.
The planar annular spiral coils 10 are filled with the insulating material 2, so that the coils in the planar annular spiral coils 10 can be prevented from being influenced with each other, and further, induced current can form a self-loop in the metal plate material 9.
Referring to fig. 4, a metal plate 9 before being cut is shown, in order to draw a left half area of a forming limit diagram of the metal plate 9, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the invention needs to provide a plurality of metal plates 9, each metal plate 9 is etched with a grid, each metal plate 9 comprises a first plate 91, a second plate 92, a third plate 93 and a fourth plate 94 which are integrally formed, the first plate 91, the second plate 92, the third plate 93 and the fourth plate 94 are sequentially connected, the connection positions among the first plate 91, the second plate 92, the third plate 93 and the fourth plate 94 are in arc transition, the first plate 91 and the third plate 93 are respectively provided with two inner side surfaces which are opposite to the left and right of a first groove, the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94 are rectangular, the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94 are spaced by a certain distance, two opposite semicircular grooves are respectively arranged in the middle parts of the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94, the opening of the semicircular groove is outwards arranged, the radius of the semicircular groove is more than or equal to 0, the radius of 4 semicircular grooves of each metal plate 9 is consistent, and the radius of the semicircular grooves on different metal plates 9 is different.
In the present invention, a self-loop is formed in the metal plate 9, as shown in fig. 7, the planar annular spiral coil 10 generates induced currents on the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94, because the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94 are both rectangular, and the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94 are spaced apart by a certain distance, so that the induced currents in the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94 do not affect each other, two opposite semicircular grooves are respectively disposed in the middle of the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94, the openings of the semicircular grooves are outwardly disposed, the radii of the semicircular grooves are greater than or equal to 0, the radii of the 4 semicircular grooves are identical, the relative position of the metal plate 9 and the planar annular spiral coil 10 is adjusted, so that the second plate 92 and the fourth plate 94 are stressed identically, thereby obtaining corresponding strain states, and the apparatus can achieve the effect of one-mold with two pieces, i.e., compared with the conventional experiment, the results obtained by two previous experiments can be obtained by one time of the existing, the experiment times are reduced, and the energy utilization rate is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the binder includes a binder block 1 and a plurality of binder blocks 11, one side of the binder block 1 is matched with the left side or the right side of the first groove, the other side is in contact with the binder blocks 11, the length of each binder block 11 is different, and one binder block 1 and one binder block 11 form a set of binder assemblies.
The experiment mainly tests the forming limit of the middle part of the metal plate 9, namely the forming limit of the semicircular groove, in order to increase the accuracy of the experiment, in the experiment process, one edge pressing splicing block 11 is contacted with one edge pressing splicing block 11 to form a group of edge pressing assemblies, the two groups of edge pressing assemblies are arranged in the first groove and are arranged on the metal plate 9 at a certain interval, and the two edge pressing blocks 1 are respectively attached to the left side surface or the right side surface of the first groove to prevent the surrounding plates of the metal plate 9 from flowing to the central area.
The press machine is used for providing blank holder force, and during experiments, the press machine is placed on the two groups of blank holder assemblies to further prevent surrounding plates of the metal plate 9 from flowing to the central area.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the charging and discharging circuit includes a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, the main circuit is provided with a power supply 6, a resistor 8 and a first control switch 5, the first branch is provided with a capacitor 7, and the second branch is provided with a planar toroidal helical coil 10 and a second control switch 4.
In some embodiments, the left inner side surface and the right inner side surface of the first groove are both arc-shaped, and the front inner side surface and the rear inner side surface of the first groove are both rectangular, so that the metal plate 9 and the blank holder assembly can be conveniently placed in the first groove.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the flat circular spiral coil 10 is provided with a gap in the middle thereof such that the flat circular spiral coil 10 is of a racetrack type.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the bottom of the other side of the edge pressing block 11 is rounded to prevent the metal blank 9 from breaking where it contacts the edge pressing block 11, and if there is no rounded corner, it is designed as a right angle, where the blank will break certainly when it expands.
The invention also provides a metal plate electromagnetic forming limit experimental method, which comprises the following steps:
and 6, replacing another metal plate 9, replacing the blank holder split blocks 11 with different horizontal lengths, and repeating the steps 3 to 5 until the left part of the electromagnetic forming limit diagram is drawn.
In step 2, a circular grid is etched on the metal plate 9.
In step 5, after the planar annular spiral coil 10 is charged and discharged once through the charging and discharging circuit, the circular grid at the necking position becomes an elliptical grid after the metal plate material 9 is deformed, the long axis and the short axis of the elliptical grid are measured, and then the limit main strain and the limit secondary strain are obtained according to a conversion formula given by the national standard.
And 6, the radius of the semicircular groove of the metal plate in the step 6 is larger than 0.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sheet metal electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus which characterized in that: comprises a concave die, a metal plate, an edge presser and a press machine;
a first groove and a second groove are arranged in the female die, the second groove is arranged below the first groove, a planar annular spiral coil is arranged in the second groove, the planar annular spiral coil is filled with an insulating material, and the planar annular spiral coil is charged or discharged through a charging and discharging circuit;
the metal plates are integrally formed and comprise a first plate, a second plate, a third plate and a fourth plate, the first plate, the second plate, the third plate and the fourth plate are sequentially connected, the first plate and the third plate are respectively provided with two inner side faces opposite to the left side and the right side of the first groove, the second plate and the fourth plate are rectangular, a certain distance is reserved between the second plate and the fourth plate, two opposite semicircular grooves are formed in the middle of the second plate and the fourth plate, openings of the semicircular grooves are arranged outwards, the radius of each semicircular groove is larger than or equal to 0, the radius of 4 semicircular grooves of each metal plate is consistent, and the radius of the semicircular grooves on different metal plates is different;
the edge pressing device comprises an edge pressing block and a plurality of edge pressing splicing blocks, one side of the edge pressing block is matched with the left side face or the right side face of the first groove, the other side of the edge pressing block is in contact with the edge pressing splicing blocks, the length of each edge pressing splicing block is different, and one edge pressing block and one edge pressing splicing block form a group of edge pressing assemblies;
the press is used for providing a blank holder force and preventing surrounding plates of the metal plates from flowing to the central area.
2. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the charging and discharging circuit comprises a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, a power supply, a resistor and a first control switch are arranged on the main circuit, a capacitor is arranged on the first branch, and the planar annular spiral coil and a second control switch are arranged on the second branch.
3. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating material is epoxy resin filler.
4. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: two opposite inner sides are circular arcs about the first recess, two opposite inner sides are the rectangle around the first recess.
5. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: and a certain gap is formed in the middle of the planar annular spiral coil.
6. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the joints among the first plate, the second plate, the third plate and the fourth plate are in arc transition.
7. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the other side of the edge pressing splicing block is a transition fillet.
8. A metal plate electromagnetic forming limit experiment method which adopts the metal plate electromagnetic forming limit experiment device of any one of claims 1 to 6 and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, arranging a planar annular spiral coil in a second groove, filling insulating materials in the planar annular spiral coil, and connecting a charging and discharging circuit at two ends of the planar annular spiral coil;
step 2, etching grids on a plurality of metal plates prepared in advance, selecting a metal plate 9 with the radius of a semicircular groove equal to 0, placing the metal plate in the first groove, and obtaining a limit single-tensile strain state;
step 3, selecting edge pressing splicing blocks with proper sizes, enabling the edge pressing splicing blocks to be in contact with one edge pressing block to form a group of edge pressing assemblies, arranging the two groups of edge pressing assemblies in the first groove and arranging the two groups of edge pressing assemblies on the metal plate at intervals, and enabling the two edge pressing blocks to be respectively attached to the left side face or the right side face of the first groove;
step 4, placing the press machine on the two groups of blank holder assemblies to provide enough blank holder force and prevent surrounding plates of the metal plates from flowing to the central area;
step 5, charging and discharging the planar annular spiral coil once through a charging and discharging circuit, taking down the metal plate after the metal plate is necked or cracked, and collecting strain data of corresponding grids;
and 6, replacing another metal plate, replacing the blank holder splicing blocks with different horizontal lengths, and repeating the steps 3 to 5 until a left half area of a forming limit diagram is drawn.
9. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental method of claim 8, characterized in that: in step 2, circular grids are etched on the metal plate.
10. The metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental method of claim 9, characterized in that: in step 5, after the planar annular spiral coil is charged and discharged once through the charging and discharging circuit, the circular grid at the necking position is changed into an elliptical grid after the metal plate is deformed, the long axis and the short axis of the elliptical grid are measured, and then the limit main strain and the limit secondary strain are obtained according to a conversion formula given by the national standard.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011551996.7A CN112881205B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011551996.7A CN112881205B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental device and method |
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| CN112881205A true CN112881205A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| CN112881205B CN112881205B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114993857A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental device with magnetic collector and experimental method |
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| CN110014067A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of electromagnetic forming device and manufacturing process of equal pressure coil type |
| CN110548801A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-10 | 山东科技大学 | electrostatic force based progressive push-pull composite forming device and method for large aluminum alloy part |
| CN110686976A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-14 | 湖南沃尔丁科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic force driven metal sheet high-speed forming limit testing device |
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| CN101590501A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-12-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Thermo electromagnetic forming method of magnesium alloy sheet material |
| CN105203412A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2015-12-30 | 厦门理工学院 | Sheet material forming limit measuring device and method based on high energy rate of electromagnetism |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114993857A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Metal sheet electromagnetic forming limit experimental device with magnetic collector and experimental method |
| CN114993857B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2024-05-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Metal plate electromagnetic forming limit experimental device with magnetic collector and experimental method |
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| CN112881205B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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