CN112881048B - Rice pot seedling transplanting performance test device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Rice pot seedling transplanting performance test device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112881048B CN112881048B CN202110031096.8A CN202110031096A CN112881048B CN 112881048 B CN112881048 B CN 112881048B CN 202110031096 A CN202110031096 A CN 202110031096A CN 112881048 B CN112881048 B CN 112881048B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing the transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings and a using method thereof. The design of the test device for the transplanting performance of the rice pot seedlings is particularly important for conveniently obtaining reasonable mechanism parameters of a transplanting mechanism. The invention comprises a transmission case, an adjusting motor, an adjusting rack, an adjusting gear, a main motor, a two-stage gear reduction box, a four-bar mechanism movement device, a transplanting arm, an angle adjusting device and a displacement adjusting device. The invention can adjust the position of the transplanting arm through transplanting angle adjustment and transplanting displacement adjustment according to the structural parameters of different transplanting mechanisms, but always keeps the position of the seedling taking point unchanged, thereby obtaining the seedling taking track of the transplanting mechanisms with different structural parameters, providing data support and experimental verification for actually designing the transplanting mechanisms with specific structural parameters, and obtaining ideal seedling taking data, namely the seedling taking angle, the seedling pulling angle, the seedling taking displacement and the like, wherein the data has a guiding effect on the design of the transplanting mechanisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a device for testing transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings and a using method thereof.
Background
The rice transplanting technology can improve the per mu yield of the rice and the quality of the rice to a certain extent, can improve the operation quality well on one hand, and can reduce the labor cost on the other hand. The proper transplanting mechanism is designed, so that the development and application of rice pot seedling transplanting can be greatly improved. The reasonable mechanism parameter design of the transplanting mechanism needs to be obtained in a test mode besides the theoretical calculation of the mechanism. The test data can guide specific design, but the specificity of the rice seedlings causes that the actually manufactured mechanism test results often have great difference with theoretical analysis. Therefore, how to design a device for testing the transplanting performance of the rice pot seedlings is very important to conveniently obtain reasonable mechanism parameters of a transplanting mechanism in a test mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rice pot seedling transplanting performance test device and a use method thereof, wherein the device can adjust the relative angle and the relative length of a seedling taking rod and change the angle, the displacement and other parameter changes in the seedling taking process aiming at the defects of the design of the conventional rice pot seedling transplanting test device.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a test device for transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings, which comprises a transmission case, an adjusting motor, an adjusting rack, an adjusting gear, a main motor, a two-stage gear reduction box, a four-bar mechanism movement device, a transplanting arm, an angle adjusting device and a displacement adjusting device, wherein the transmission case is connected with the adjusting motor; the transmission case comprises a base and a panel fixed on the base; the adjusting rack is obliquely arranged and forms a sliding pair with the panel; the adjusting gear is fixed on the transmission shaft and is meshed with the adjusting rack; the transmission shaft is supported on the adjusting motor bracket through a bearing and is connected with a rotating shaft of the adjusting motor through a coupling; the shell of the adjusting motor is fixed on the base through the adjusting motor bracket; the shell of the main motor is fixed with the adjusting rack; the rotating shaft of the main motor is connected with the input shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box through a coupler; an output shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box is supported on the long support through a bearing and is fixed with one end of the crank; the long support is fixed on the adjusting rack.
The four-bar mechanism movement device comprises a crank, a connecting rod and a side link; one end of the connecting rod and a hinged shaft fixed at the other end of the crank form a rotating pair, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the side link is hinged with the short support; the short support is fixed on the adjusting rack.
The transplanting arm comprises a cam, a short shifting fork, a long shifting fork, a shifting fork shaft, a reset spring, a clamping piece sliding block, a seedling taking clamping piece, a seedling pushing rod, a cam shell I, a cam shell II, a main shell I and a main shell II; the first cam shell is fixed with the second cam shell and is fixed with the middle part of a connecting rod of the rod mechanism movement device; the first main shell is fixed with the second main shell and is fixed with the second cam shell; the shifting fork shaft, the cam shell I, the cam shell II, the main shell I and the main shell II form a rotating pair; the cam and the short shifting fork are arranged in the first cam shell and the second cam shell; the tail part of the short shifting fork is fixed with the shifting fork shaft; the cam and the head of the short shifting fork form a cam pair and are fixed with a hinge shaft on a crank penetrating into the first cam shell; the arc-shaped long shifting fork is arranged in the first main shell and the second main shell, and the tail part of the long shifting fork is fixed with the shifting fork shaft; the long shifting fork is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; a plurality of arc-shaped notches are formed in the two sides of the first arc-shaped groove at intervals; one end of the reset spring is fixed with the long shifting fork, and the other end of the reset spring is fixed with the inner side walls of the two main shells; the seedling pushing rod and the clamping piece sliding block form a sliding pair; the tail part of the seedling pushing rod extends into the first main shell and the second main shell and is fixed with the square block; the elastic ball fixed on the square block is embedded into the arc notch on the long shifting fork; the head of the seedling pushing rod is fixed with the tail of the seedling clamping block; the auxiliary seedling pushing block is fixed at the head of the seedling clamping block; the tail parts of two seedling taking clamping pieces which are arranged at intervals are fixed with the clamping piece sliding block, and the two seedling taking clamping pieces are embedded into two clamping grooves formed in the seedling clamping block; the seedling pushing rod is provided with a plurality of telescopic gears, and the rod section between the clamping piece sliding block and the seedling clamping block is a telescopic rod I.
The angle adjusting device comprises an angle adjusting handle, a solid shaft, a straight gear, an internally meshed arc rack and a telescopic rod II; the inner meshing arc-shaped rack is fixed with the inner side walls of the two main shells of the transplanting arms, and the straight gear is fixed at one end of the solid shaft and meshed with the inner meshing arc-shaped rack; the solid shaft penetrates through an arc-shaped groove II formed in the main shell II and a displacement adjusting device shell of the displacement adjusting device; the angle adjusting handle is fixed with the other end of the solid shaft; an arc-shaped groove III formed in the main shell II and the guide sliding block form a sliding pair; and two ends of the second telescopic rod are respectively fixed with the guide sliding block and the clamping piece sliding block.
The displacement adjusting device comprises a displacement adjusting device shell, a screw shaft, a screw nut, a first support, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a stepped hollow shaft, a displacement adjusting handle and a second support; the first support and the second support are both fixed with the shell of the displacement adjusting device; the stepped hollow shaft is sleeved outside the solid shaft and forms a revolute pair with the second support; the second bevel gear is fixed on the stepped hollow shaft and meshed with the first bevel gear; the first bevel gear is fixed with the screw shaft; the screw shaft and the first support form a rotating pair; the screw nut and the screw shaft form a screw pair; the connecting plate is fixed with the end face of the screw nut; one ends of the two fixing bolts are fixed on the connecting plate, and the other ends of the two fixing bolts penetrate through the shell of the displacement adjusting device and are fixed with the clamping piece sliding block of the transplanting arm; the displacement adjusting handle is fixed with the end part of the stepped hollow shaft.
Preferably, the two-stage gear reduction box comprises a box body, an input shaft, an input gear, an intermediate shaft, an intermediate gear I, an intermediate gear II, an output gear and an output shaft; the input shaft, the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged at intervals and form a revolute pair with the box body; the input gear is fixed with the input shaft; the first intermediate gear and the second intermediate gear are both fixed on the intermediate shaft, the first intermediate gear is meshed with the input gear, and the second intermediate gear is meshed with the output gear; the output gear is fixed on the output shaft.
Preferably, the edge of the second arc-shaped groove formed in the second main shell is provided with angle scale marks, and the shell of the displacement adjusting device indicates the angle scale marks; displacement scale marks are arranged on the edge of a linear groove formed in the displacement adjusting device shell, and a pointer arranged outside the displacement adjusting device shell is fixed with the screw nut through a connecting shaft; the connecting shaft passes through the linear groove of the displacement adjusting device shell.
Preferably, the arc notch of the long shifting fork is provided with seventeen gears.
Preferably, each telescopic gear of the first telescopic rod is limited by a limiting ball and a clamping position which are respectively arranged on adjacent rod sections.
The use method of the test device for the transplanting performance of the rice pot seedlings comprises the following specific steps:
the main motor drives the input shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box to rotate, the output shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box drives the crank to rotate, and the power of the crank is transmitted to the connecting rod through the connecting rod; through the non-uniform transmission of the two-stage gear reduction box, the motion curve output by a hinged shaft fixed on the crank is a seedling taking track. The crank rotates and simultaneously drives the cam to rotate, the rotation of the cam drives the short shifting fork and the long shifting fork to swing, and the long shifting fork swings to drive the seedling pushing rod, the seedling clamping block and the auxiliary seedling pushing block to move back and forth; the push movement and the return movement of the cam respectively realize the clamping and the loosening of the seedling taking clamping piece, and the seedling taking clamping piece takes the pot seedlings out of the seedling box at the far rest section of the cam and moves to a transplanting position.
The process of realizing transplanting angle adjustment is as follows:
driving the main motor to enable the sharp point of the head of the seedling taking clamping piece to be located at the position of the seedling taking point, at the moment, the pushing section of the cam is in contact with the short shifting fork, the long shifting fork is aligned with the second arc-shaped groove of the second main shell, and the two seedling taking clamping pieces are in a clamping state; then, the angle of rotation regulation handle drives the rotation of solid axle, and solid axle rotates and drives straight-toothed gear and the meshing transmission of inner gearing arc rack, because inner gearing arc rack is fixed motionless, straight-toothed gear drives solid axle, displacement adjusting device and transplanting arm use get seedling point and remove along inner gearing arc rack together as the centre of a circle for telescopic link two drives the direction slider and slides in main shell two's arc wall three, fix the elastic ball on square piece and remove and imbed in one of them arc notch on the long shift fork in arc wall one.
The process of realizing transplanting displacement adjustment is as follows:
driving a main motor to enable the sharp point of the head part of the seedling taking clamping piece to be positioned at the position of the seedling taking point; then, the displacement adjusting handle is rotated to drive the hollow shaft and the bevel gear II to rotate, the bevel gear I is in meshed transmission with the bevel gear II to drive the screw shaft to rotate, the screw nut moves along the axis of the screw shaft, and the first telescopic rod of the seedling pushing rod stays at different telescopic gears; then, according to the movement S of the lead screw nut, the adjusting motor is driven to drive the adjusting gear to rotate, so that the adjusting rack drives the panel to move by the movement S1The theta is an included angle between the seedling pushing rod and the panel, so that the position of the seedling taking point is kept unchanged after displacement adjustment; wherein, the panel moving direction is opposite to the moving direction of the screw nut.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can adjust the position of the transplanting arm through transplanting angle adjustment and transplanting displacement adjustment according to the structural parameters of different transplanting mechanisms, but always keeps the position of the seedling taking point unchanged, thereby obtaining the seedling taking track of the transplanting mechanisms with different structural parameters, providing data support and experimental verification for actually designing the transplanting mechanisms with specific structural parameters, and obtaining ideal seedling taking data, namely the seedling taking angle, the seedling pulling angle, the seedling taking displacement and the like, wherein the data has a guiding effect on the design of the transplanting mechanisms.
2. The invention has simple and compact structure and high strength, and improves the reliability of the mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a transmission schematic diagram of the two-stage gear reduction box of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an assembly view of the transplanting arm, the angle adjusting means and the displacement adjusting means in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an assembled sectional view of a transmission case, an adjusting motor, an adjusting rack, an adjusting gear, a main motor, a two-stage gear reduction box, a transplanting arm mechanism and a four-bar mechanism moving device according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an assembled sectional view of the transplanting arm and the angle adjusting means in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an assembled sectional view of the displacement adjusting means of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rice pot seedling transplanting performance test device comprises a transmission case 1, an adjusting motor 15, an adjusting rack 17, an adjusting gear 13, a main motor 16, a two-stage gear reduction box 2, a four-bar mechanism movement device 3, a transplanting arm 4, an angle adjusting device 5 and a displacement adjusting device 6; the transmission case 1 comprises a panel 11 and a base 12; the base 12 is provided with foundation bolt holes and can be fixed with a steel frame of a laboratory through foundation bolts; the panel 11 is fixed on the base 12; the adjusting rack 17 is obliquely arranged and forms a sliding pair with the panel 11; the adjusting gear 13 is fixed on the transmission shaft and meshed with the adjusting rack 17; the transmission shaft is supported on the adjusting motor bracket 14 through a bearing and is connected with a rotating shaft of the adjusting motor 15 through a coupling; the shell 110 of the adjusting motor 15 is fixed on the base 12 through the adjusting motor bracket 14; the shell of the main motor 16 is fixed with the adjusting rack 17; the rotating shaft of the main motor 16 is connected with the input shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box 2 through a coupler; the output shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box 2 is supported on the long support 19 through a bearing and is fixed with one end of a crank 31; the long support 19 is fixed on the adjusting rack 17.
As shown in fig. 5, the four-bar linkage moving device 3 includes a crank 31, a link 32, and a side link 33; one end of the connecting rod 32 and a hinge shaft fixed at the other end of the crank 31 form a rotating pair, and the other end is hinged with one end of a connecting rod 33; the other end of the side link 33 is hinged with the short support 18; the short support 18 is fixed to the adjusting rack 17.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the transplanting arm 4 comprises a cam 49, a short fork 410, a long fork 41, a fork shaft, a return spring 42, a clip slider 44, a seedling taking clip 46, a seedling pushing rod 45, a first cam shell 411, a second cam shell 412, a first main shell 415 and a second main shell 416; the first cam shell 411 is fixed with the second cam shell 412 and is fixed with the middle part of the connecting rod 32 of the rod mechanism movement device 3; the first main shell 415 is fixed with the second main shell 416 and fixed with the second cam shell 412; the shifting fork shaft, the first cam shell 411, the second cam shell 412, the first main shell 415 and the second main shell 416 form a rotating pair; the cam 49 and the short shifting fork 410 are arranged in the first cam shell 411 and the second cam shell 412; the tail of the short shifting fork 410 is fixed with a shifting fork shaft; the cam 49 and the head of the short shifting fork 410 form a cam pair and are fixed with a hinge shaft on the crank 31 penetrating into the first cam shell 411; the arc-shaped long shifting fork 41 is arranged in the first main shell 415 and the second main shell 416, and the tail part of the long shifting fork 41 is fixed with a shifting fork shaft; the long shifting fork 41 is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; a plurality of arc-shaped notches are formed in the two sides of the first arc-shaped groove at intervals; one end of a return spring 42 is fixed with the long shifting fork 41, and the other end of the return spring is fixed with the inner side wall of the second main shell 416; the seedling pushing rod 45 and the clamping piece sliding block 44 form a sliding pair; the tail part of the seedling pushing rod 45 extends into the first main shell 415 and the second main shell 416 and is fixed with the square block 43; the elastic ball fixed on the square block 43 is embedded into the arc notch on the long shifting fork 41; the head of the seedling pushing rod 45 is fixed with the tail of the seedling clamping block 48; the auxiliary seedling pushing block 47 is fixed at the head of the seedling clamping block 48; the tails of two seedling taking clamping pieces 46 arranged at intervals are fixed with the clamping piece sliding block 44, and the two seedling taking clamping pieces 46 are embedded into two clamping grooves formed in the seedling clamping block 48; the seedling pushing rod 45 is provided with a first telescopic rod at a rod section between the clamping piece sliding block 44 and the seedling clamping block 48, and the first telescopic rod is provided with five telescopic gears.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the angle adjusting device 5 comprises an angle adjusting handle 51, a solid shaft 52, a straight gear 54, an internal meshing arc-shaped rack 55 and a telescopic rod two 53; an inner meshing arc-shaped rack 55 is fixed with the inner side wall of a second main shell 416 of the transplanting arm, and a straight gear 54 is fixed at one end of the solid shaft 52 and meshed with the inner meshing arc-shaped rack 55; the solid shaft 52 penetrates through an arc-shaped groove II formed in the main shell II 416 and a displacement adjusting device shell of the displacement adjusting device 6; the angle adjusting handle 51 is fixed with the other end of the solid shaft 52; the arc-shaped groove III formed in the main shell II 416 and the guide sliding block form a sliding pair; two ends of the second telescopic rod 53 are respectively fixed with the guide sliding block and the clamping piece sliding block 44.
As shown in fig. 6, the displacement adjusting device 6 includes a displacement adjusting device housing, a screw shaft 62, a screw nut 63, a first support 64, a first bevel gear 65, a second bevel gear 68, a stepped hollow shaft 66, a displacement adjusting handle 67, and a second support 69; the first support 64 and the second support 69 are both fixed with the shell of the displacement adjusting device; the stepped hollow shaft 66 is sleeved outside the solid shaft 52 and forms a rotating pair with the second support 69; a second bevel gear 68 is fixed on the stepped hollow shaft 66 and meshed with the first bevel gear 65; the first bevel gear 65 is fixed with the screw shaft 62; the screw shaft 62 and the first support 64 form a rotating pair; the screw nut 63 and the screw shaft 62 form a screw pair; the connecting plate 61 is fixed with the end face of the screw nut 63; one ends of the two fixing bolts are fixed on the connecting plate 61, and the other ends of the two fixing bolts penetrate through the shell of the displacement adjusting device and are fixed with the clamping piece sliding block 44 of the transplanting arm 4; the displacement adjusting handle 67 is fixed to the end of the stepped hollow shaft 66.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the two-stage gear reduction box 2 includes a box body, an input shaft, an input gear 24, an intermediate shaft, an intermediate gear one 22, an intermediate gear two 23, an output gear 21 and an output shaft; the input shaft, the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged at intervals and form a revolute pair with the box body; the input gear 24 is fixed with the input shaft; the first intermediate gear 22 and the second intermediate gear 23 are both fixed on the intermediate shaft, the first intermediate gear 22 is meshed with the input gear 24, and the second intermediate gear 23 is meshed with the output gear 21; the output gear 21 is fixed to the output shaft.
As a preferred embodiment, the second edge of the arc-shaped slot formed in the second main casing 416 is provided with angle scale marks, and the displacement adjusting device casing of the displacement adjusting device 6 is used for indicating the angle position on the angle scale marks; displacement scale marks are arranged on the edge of a linear groove formed in the displacement adjusting device shell, and a pointer arranged outside the displacement adjusting device shell is fixed with the screw nut 63 through a connecting shaft; the connecting shaft passes through the linear groove of the displacement adjusting device shell.
As a preferred embodiment, the arc notch of the long shift fork 41 is provided with seventeen gears.
As a preferred embodiment, each telescopic gear of the first telescopic rod is limited by a limiting ball and a clamping position which are respectively arranged on adjacent rod sections.
The use method of the test device for the transplanting performance of the rice pot seedlings comprises the following specific steps:
fixing a foundation bolt hole of the base 12 and a steel frame of a laboratory through a foundation bolt; the main motor drives the input shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box 2 to rotate, the output shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box 2 drives the crank 31 to rotate, and the power of the crank 31 is transmitted to the connecting rod 33 through the connecting rod 32; through the non-uniform transmission of the two-stage gear reduction box 2, the motion curve output by the articulated shaft fixed on the crank 31 is the seedling taking track. The crank 31 rotates and simultaneously drives the cam 49 to rotate, the rotation of the cam 49 drives the short shifting fork 410 and the long shifting fork 41 to swing, and the long shifting fork 41 swings to drive the seedling pushing rod 45, the seedling clamping block 48 and the auxiliary seedling pushing block 47 to move back and forth; the push movement and the return movement of the cam respectively realize the clamping and the loosening of the seedling taking clamping piece, and the seedling taking clamping piece takes the pot seedlings out of the seedling box at the far rest section of the cam and moves to a transplanting position.
The process of realizing transplanting angle adjustment is as follows:
driving the main motor to enable the sharp point of the head part of the seedling taking clamping piece 46 to be positioned at the position of the seedling taking point, at the moment, the pushing section of the cam is contacted with the short shifting fork 410, the long shifting fork 41 is aligned with the second arc-shaped groove of the second main shell 416, and the two seedling taking clamping pieces 46 are in a clamping state; then, the angle adjusting handle 51 is rotated to drive the solid shaft 52 to rotate, the solid shaft 52 rotates to drive the straight gear 54 to be in meshing transmission with the inner meshing arc-shaped rack 55, because the inner meshing arc-shaped rack 55 is fixed, the straight gear 54 drives the solid shaft 52, the displacement adjusting device 6 and the transplanting arm 4 move along the inner meshing arc-shaped rack 55 by taking the seedling taking point as the circle center, the telescopic rod II 53 drives the guide sliding block to slide in the arc-shaped groove III of the main shell II 416, and the elastic ball fixed on the square block 43 moves in the arc-shaped groove I and is embedded into one of the arc-shaped grooves on the long shifting fork 41.
The process of realizing transplanting displacement adjustment is as follows:
driving the main motor to enable the sharp point at the head part of the seedling taking clamping piece 46 to be positioned at the seedling taking point; then, the displacement adjusting handle 67 is rotated to drive the hollow shaft 66 and the bevel gear II 68 to rotate, the bevel gear I65 is in meshing transmission with the bevel gear II 68 to drive the screw shaft 62 to rotate, the screw nut 63 moves along the axis of the screw shaft 62, and the first telescopic rod of the seedling pushing rod 45 is stopped at different telescopic gears; then, according to the displacement S of the screw nut 63, the adjusting motor 15 is driven to drive the adjusting gear 13 to rotate, so that the adjusting rack 17 drives the panel 11 to move by the displacement S1Theta is an included angle between the seedling pushing rod 45 and the panel 11, so that the position of the seedling taking point is kept unchanged after displacement adjustment; wherein the panel 11 moves in the direction opposite to the direction in which the lead screw nut 63 moves.
According to the invention, the position of the transplanting arm 4 can be adjusted through transplanting angle adjustment and transplanting displacement adjustment according to the structural parameters of different transplanting mechanisms, but the position of the seedling taking point is always kept unchanged, so that the seedling taking track of the transplanting mechanisms with different structural parameters is obtained, and data support and experimental verification can be provided for actually designing the transplanting mechanism with specific structural parameters.
Claims (6)
1. Rice alms bowl seedling transplantation performance test device, including transmission case, main motor, two-stage gear reducer case and transplant arm, its characterized in that: the four-bar mechanism motion device comprises a four-bar mechanism motion device, an angle adjusting device and a displacement adjusting device; the transmission case comprises a base and a panel fixed on the base; the adjusting rack is obliquely arranged and forms a sliding pair with the panel; the adjusting gear is fixed on the transmission shaft and is meshed with the adjusting rack; the transmission shaft is supported on the adjusting motor bracket through a bearing and is connected with a rotating shaft of the adjusting motor through a coupling; the shell of the adjusting motor is fixed on the base through the adjusting motor bracket; the shell of the main motor is fixed with the adjusting rack; the rotating shaft of the main motor is connected with the input shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box through a coupler; an output shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box is supported on the long support through a bearing and is fixed with one end of the crank; the long support is fixed on the adjusting rack;
the four-bar mechanism movement device comprises a crank, a connecting rod and a side link; one end of the connecting rod and a hinged shaft fixed at the other end of the crank form a rotating pair, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the side link is hinged with the short support; the short support is fixed on the adjusting rack;
the transplanting arm comprises a cam, a short shifting fork, a long shifting fork, a shifting fork shaft, a reset spring, a clamping piece sliding block, a seedling taking clamping piece, a seedling pushing rod, a cam shell I, a cam shell II, a main shell I and a main shell II; the first cam shell is fixed with the second cam shell and is fixed with the middle part of a connecting rod of the rod mechanism movement device; the first main shell is fixed with the second main shell and is fixed with the second cam shell; the shifting fork shaft, the cam shell I, the cam shell II, the main shell I and the main shell II form a rotating pair; the cam and the short shifting fork are arranged in the first cam shell and the second cam shell; the tail part of the short shifting fork is fixed with the shifting fork shaft; the cam and the head of the short shifting fork form a cam pair and are fixed with a hinge shaft on a crank penetrating into the first cam shell; the arc-shaped long shifting fork is arranged in the first main shell and the second main shell, and the tail part of the long shifting fork is fixed with the shifting fork shaft; the long shifting fork is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; a plurality of arc-shaped notches are formed in the two sides of the first arc-shaped groove at intervals; one end of the reset spring is fixed with the long shifting fork, and the other end of the reset spring is fixed with the inner side walls of the two main shells; the seedling pushing rod and the clamping piece sliding block form a sliding pair; the tail part of the seedling pushing rod extends into the first main shell and the second main shell and is fixed with the square block; the elastic ball fixed on the square block is embedded into the arc notch on the long shifting fork; the head of the seedling pushing rod is fixed with the tail of the seedling clamping block; the auxiliary seedling pushing block is fixed at the head of the seedling clamping block; the tail parts of two seedling taking clamping pieces which are arranged at intervals are fixed with the clamping piece sliding block, and the two seedling taking clamping pieces are embedded into two clamping grooves formed in the seedling clamping block; the seedling pushing rod is provided with a rod section between the clamping piece sliding block and the seedling clamping block, and the rod section is a first telescopic rod provided with a plurality of telescopic gears;
the angle adjusting device comprises an angle adjusting handle, a solid shaft, a straight gear, an internally meshed arc rack and a telescopic rod II; the inner meshing arc-shaped rack is fixed with the inner side walls of the two main shells of the transplanting arms, and the straight gear is fixed at one end of the solid shaft and meshed with the inner meshing arc-shaped rack; the solid shaft penetrates through an arc-shaped groove II formed in the main shell II and a displacement adjusting device shell of the displacement adjusting device; the angle adjusting handle is fixed with the other end of the solid shaft; an arc-shaped groove III formed in the main shell II and the guide sliding block form a sliding pair; two ends of the second telescopic rod are respectively fixed with the guide sliding block and the clamping piece sliding block;
the displacement adjusting device comprises a displacement adjusting device shell, a screw shaft, a screw nut, a first support, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a stepped hollow shaft, a displacement adjusting handle and a second support; the first support and the second support are both fixed with the shell of the displacement adjusting device; the stepped hollow shaft is sleeved outside the solid shaft and forms a revolute pair with the second support; the second bevel gear is fixed on the stepped hollow shaft and meshed with the first bevel gear; the first bevel gear is fixed with the screw shaft; the screw shaft and the first support form a rotating pair; the screw nut and the screw shaft form a screw pair; the connecting plate is fixed with the end face of the screw nut; one ends of the two fixing bolts are fixed on the connecting plate, and the other ends of the two fixing bolts penetrate through the shell of the displacement adjusting device and are fixed with the clamping piece sliding block of the transplanting arm; the displacement adjusting handle is fixed with the end part of the stepped hollow shaft.
2. The device for testing the transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: the two-stage gear reduction box comprises a box body, an input shaft, an input gear, an intermediate shaft, an intermediate gear I, an intermediate gear II, an output gear and an output shaft; the input shaft, the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged at intervals and form a revolute pair with the box body; the input gear is fixed with the input shaft; the first intermediate gear and the second intermediate gear are both fixed on the intermediate shaft, the first intermediate gear is meshed with the input gear, and the second intermediate gear is meshed with the output gear; the output gear is fixed on the output shaft.
3. The device for testing the transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: angle scale marks are arranged on the edges of the two arc-shaped grooves formed in the second main shell, and the shell of the displacement adjusting device indicates the angle scale marks; displacement scale marks are arranged on the edge of a linear groove formed in the displacement adjusting device shell, and a pointer arranged outside the displacement adjusting device shell is fixed with the screw nut through a connecting shaft; the connecting shaft passes through the linear groove of the displacement adjusting device shell.
4. The device for testing the transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: the arc notch of long shift fork is equipped with seventeen gears.
5. The device for testing the transplanting performance of rice pot seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: and each telescopic gear of the first telescopic rod is limited by a limiting ball and a clamping position which are respectively arranged on adjacent rod sections.
6. The use method of the rice pot seedling transplanting performance test device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the main motor drives the input shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box to rotate, the output shaft of the two-stage gear reduction box drives the crank to rotate, and the power of the crank is transmitted to the connecting rod through the connecting rod; through the non-uniform transmission of the two-stage gear reduction box, the motion curve output by a hinged shaft fixed on a crank is a seedling taking track; the crank rotates and simultaneously drives the cam to rotate, the rotation of the cam drives the short shifting fork and the long shifting fork to swing, and the long shifting fork swings to drive the seedling pushing rod, the seedling clamping block and the auxiliary seedling pushing block to move back and forth; the push stroke motion and the return stroke motion of the cam respectively realize the clamping and the loosening of the seedling taking clamping piece, and the seedling taking clamping piece takes the pot seedlings out of the seedling box at the far rest section of the cam and moves to a transplanting position;
the process of realizing transplanting angle adjustment is as follows:
driving the main motor to enable the sharp point of the head of the seedling taking clamping piece to be located at the position of the seedling taking point, at the moment, the pushing section of the cam is in contact with the short shifting fork, the long shifting fork is aligned with the second arc-shaped groove of the second main shell, and the two seedling taking clamping pieces are in a clamping state; then, rotating an angle adjusting handle to drive a solid shaft to rotate, wherein the solid shaft rotates to drive a straight gear to be in meshing transmission with an inner meshing arc-shaped rack, and the straight gear drives the solid shaft, a displacement adjusting device and a transplanting arm to move along the inner meshing arc-shaped rack by taking a seedling taking point as a circle center because the inner meshing arc-shaped rack is fixed, so that a telescopic rod II drives a guide sliding block to slide in an arc-shaped groove III of a main shell II, and an elastic ball fixed on a square block moves in the arc-shaped groove I and is embedded into one arc-shaped groove opening of a long shifting fork;
the process of realizing transplanting displacement adjustment is as follows:
driving a main motor to enable the sharp point of the head part of the seedling taking clamping piece to be positioned at the position of the seedling taking point; then, the displacement adjusting handle is rotated to drive the hollow shaft and the bevel gear II to rotate, the bevel gear I is in meshed transmission with the bevel gear II to drive the screw shaft to rotate, the screw nut moves along the axis of the screw shaft, and the first telescopic rod of the seedling pushing rod stays at different telescopic gears; then, according to the displacement S of the screw nut, the adjusting motor is driven to drive the adjusting gear to rotate, so that the adjusting rack drives the panel to move by the displacement S1The theta is an included angle between the seedling pushing rod and the panel, so that the position of the seedling taking point is kept unchanged after displacement adjustment; wherein, the panel moving direction is opposite to the moving direction of the screw nut.
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