CN112880222A - Carbon dioxide transcritical air supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with power generation function - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide transcritical air supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with power generation function Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/08—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using ejectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/06—Superheaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of compression refrigeration, in particular to a carbon dioxide transcritical air-supplementing enthalpy-increasing system with a power generation function, which comprises a refrigeration unit and a power generation unit, wherein a refrigerant of the refrigeration unit is carbon dioxide, the refrigeration unit is connected with the power generation unit through a pipeline with a valve, the refrigeration unit comprises a compression module, a cooling module and a cold dissipation module which are connected in a ring mode, the power generation unit comprises a power generation module and an auxiliary compression refrigeration module loaded on the power generation module, compression power of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module is from a coaxial work-doing effect of the power generation module, and a power source of the power generation module is from pressure drop of the compression module of the refrigeration unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of compression refrigeration, in particular to a carbon dioxide transcritical air supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with a power generation function.
Background
The carbon dioxide transcritical circulation system has the advantages of being unique in the aspect of environmental protection, the refrigerant is a natural heat refrigerant, and is non-toxic, environment-friendly and low in price, the GWP of the carbon dioxide is 1, the ODP of the carbon dioxide is 0, and the heat transfer effect is very good compared with the traditional refrigerant (Freon) because the carbon dioxide in a transcritical state has temperature slippage in the heat transfer process. The pressure drop of the transcritical carbon dioxide circulating system during throttling is very large, and the system is certainly more energy-saving if the pressure drop can be used as a power source for turbine power generation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the carbon dioxide transcritical air supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with the power generation function, the carbon dioxide transcritical air supplementing and enthalpy increasing system is strong in functionality and multiple in switchable modes, the power generation function is realized through the power generation module, and the loaded auxiliary compression refrigeration module can effectively improve the refrigeration efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention comprises a refrigeration unit and a power generation unit, wherein a refrigerant of the refrigeration unit is carbon dioxide, the refrigeration unit is connected with the power generation unit through a pipeline with a valve, the refrigeration unit comprises a compression module, a cooling module and a cold dissipation module which are connected in a ring mode, the cold dissipation module dissipates cold through an ejector and an evaporator, the power generation unit comprises a power generation module and an auxiliary compression refrigeration module loaded on the power generation module, compression power of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module comes from a coaxial work-doing effect of the power generation module, a power source of the power generation module comes from pressure drop of the compression module of the refrigeration unit, an outlet of the power generation module is connected with the cooling module of the refrigeration unit, and the auxiliary compression refrigeration module is connected with the cooling module of the refrigeration unit to assist in cooling of the refrigerant.
Further, the compression module includes the main compressor, the main compressor is equipped with gas inlet, middle tonifying qi mouth and export, the export of main compressor is connected to the power generation module through first valve and through setting up the branch road with the power generation module short circuit, be equipped with the second valve on the branch road, the power generation module is connected to the cooling module after converging with the branch road through the pipeline, and the export that produces gaseous refrigerant after the middle tonifying qi mouth of main compressor is connected and is come from cooling module gas-liquid separation, and the gas inlet connection of main compressor comes from the export that produces gaseous refrigerant after cooling module evaporation.
Furthermore, a pipeline connected with an outlet of the main compressor, which is used for generating gaseous refrigerant after the gas inlet of the main compressor and the cold dissipation module are evaporated, also passes through the cooling module.
Further, the cooling module is including the condenser, the main regenerator that connect gradually, and the branch road of power generation module and compression module passes through the pipeline and joins the import department that is connected to the condenser after converging, be equipped with the supply cold coil that mutual heat transfer dispels the cold in the main regenerator and by the cooling coil, the export of condenser and the pipeline of main regenerator by cooling coil intercommunication and intercommunication are equipped with the fourth valve, the gas inlet of main compressor with dispel the pipeline that produces gaseous refrigerant after the cold module evaporation with the pipeline of being cooled of main regenerator communicate.
Furthermore, the outlet of the cooled coil of the main heat regenerator is sequentially connected to the auxiliary compression refrigeration module and the cold dissipation module, the auxiliary compression refrigeration module is short-circuited by arranging a branch, and a third valve is arranged on the branch.
Further, the cold module that looses includes sprayer, high temperature evaporator, gas branch reservoir, the low temperature evaporator of ring connection, the sprayer includes import, export, middle mouth, the import department of sprayer connects the export that cooling module and vice compression refrigeration module produced low temperature condensate liquid, the export and the high temperature evaporator of sprayer are connected, the export of high temperature evaporator and the import of gas branch reservoir communicate, the gas divides the reservoir to include gas outlet and liquid outlet, the gas outlet of gas branch reservoir and the cooling coil pipe intercommunication in the main regenerator, the export of cooling coil pipe and the middle tonifying qi mouth of main compressor intercommunication and be equipped with the fifth valve on the pipeline, the liquid outlet of gas branch reservoir passes through the inlet connection of main throttle valve and low temperature evaporator, the export of low temperature evaporator shunts into two tunnel through the pipeline, one path is communicated with the middle port of the ejector, and the other path is communicated with the middle air supplement port of the main compressor.
Furthermore, a first gas-liquid separator is arranged on a pipeline connecting the low-temperature evaporator and the middle air supplement port of the main compressor.
Further, the power generation module comprises a waste heat utilization device and a turbine which are sequentially connected, an inlet of the waste heat utilization device is communicated with the main compressor through a pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the pipeline, an outlet of the waste heat utilization device is connected with an inlet of the turbine, and the turbine is connected with an inlet of the condenser after converging with an outlet of the main compressor.
Further, the auxiliary compression refrigeration module comprises an auxiliary compressor, an auxiliary condenser, an auxiliary throttle valve, a cascade heat exchanger and a cascade heat regenerator which are connected in a ring mode, the auxiliary compressor is coaxially connected with the turbine, the cascade heat exchanger is further connected with an outlet of a cooled coil of the main heat regenerator, a branch where the third valve is located enables the cascade heat exchanger to be in short circuit, the cascade heat regenerator is further connected with an outlet of the condenser, and a branch where the fourth valve is located enables the cascade heat regenerator to be in short circuit.
Further, a second gas-liquid separator is arranged between the overlapping heat regenerator and the auxiliary compressor in the auxiliary compression refrigeration module.
Advantageous effects
The carbon dioxide transcritical air supplement and enthalpy increase system with the power generation function provided by the invention is characterized in that the air supplement port of the compressor is additionally arranged on the main compressor to supplement air and increase enthalpy so as to increase the flow of the outlet of the compressor, and the flow distribution of the medium at the outlet of the main compressor can be switched or adjusted through the first valve and the second valve, so that the cold quantity provided for the cascade heat exchanger and the cascade heat regenerator in the auxiliary compressor driven by the turbine is changed, and the refrigeration effect of the main system is further influenced.
The auxiliary compression refrigeration module can both benefit the refrigeration unit and the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, the auxiliary compression refrigeration module provides cold energy for the cascade heat regenerator and the cascade heat exchanger through the condensation effect of the auxiliary condenser, reduces the temperature of the refrigeration unit after condensation, improves the superheat degree of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, under the condition of operation of the power generation unit, the refrigeration unit cools the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide discharged by the main compressor, and the refrigeration unit comprises a plurality of stages, sequentially comprises turbine acting consumption primary cooling, condensation cooling of the condenser, heat exchange cooling with the cascade heat exchanger, further reduces the temperature of the condensed medium carbon dioxide through the main heat regenerator, heat exchange cooling through the cascade heat exchanger, injection cooling through the ejector, finally changes into a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant to return to the gas-phase reservoir to realize refrigeration circulation, increases the supercooling degree through multi-stage cooling, and increases the unit refrigeration amount of the refrigeration unit, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency.
In addition, a plurality of valves are arranged in the system to adjust the operation condition of the system, wherein the on-off of the fourth valve can determine whether the cascade heat regenerator is short-circuited or not, the on-off of the third valve determines whether the cascade heat exchanger is short-circuited or not, and under the condition that no power generation unit participates, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened, the first valve is closed, the short circuit of the power generation unit is realized, and the pressure loss of a medium in the heat exchanger is reduced.
The waste heat utilization device is arranged in front of the turbine in the power generation module, the temperature and the pressure of a medium at the outlet of the main compressor can be further increased, the high-energy state in front of the turbine is realized by utilizing the waste heat, two different evaporation temperatures can be provided in the cold dissipation module through the ejector, cold dissipation is realized in the high-temperature evaporator and the low-temperature evaporator respectively, the main throttle valve can play a role of flow regulation, the flow ratio of the medium entering the low-temperature evaporator and the medium entering the gas distribution liquid accumulator is changed, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant coming out of the high-temperature evaporator enters the gas distribution liquid accumulator, the liquid part coming out of the gas distribution liquid accumulator is changed into a gas-liquid two-phase state with lower temperature and lower pressure after the throttling function of the main throttle valve, then the low-temperature evaporator is changed into a gas-liquid refrigerant with a certain superheat degree after cold dissipation, the gas refrigerant is divided into two paths, the other path enters the middle port of the ejector, and the gas part from the gas-separating reservoir enters the middle air supplement port of the main compressor.
The system is additionally provided with a first gas-liquid separator and a second gas-liquid separator so as to prevent the liquid impact of the compressor.
The auxiliary compression refrigeration module basically does not need energy consumption when the refrigerant is compressed, the efficiency of the whole system is further improved, the system is high in functionality, multiple switchable modes are provided, whether the power generation unit needs to participate or not can be determined according to different waste heat tastes, the power generation unit participates, and the efficiency of the system can be higher.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention when the power generation unit does not participate in the system cooling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention when the power generation unit participates in the system cooling;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power generation unit of the present invention at various points involved in system cooling.
In the figure:
1-a main compressor 2-a first valve 3-a waste heat utilization device 4-a second valve 5-a turbine 6-a condenser 7-a cascade heat regenerator 8-a main heat regenerator 9-an ejector 10-a high temperature evaporator 11-a main throttle valve 12-a low temperature evaporator 13-a gas separation reservoir 14-a cascade heat exchanger 15-a third valve 16-an auxiliary compressor 17-an auxiliary condenser 18-an auxiliary throttle valve 19-a fourth valve 20-a fifth valve 21-a first gas-liquid separator 22-a second gas-liquid separator.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a refrigeration unit and a power generation unit, wherein a refrigerant of the refrigeration unit is carbon dioxide, the refrigeration unit is connected with the power generation unit through a pipeline with a valve, and the refrigeration unit comprises a compression module, a cooling module and a cold dissipation module which are annularly connected; the compression module comprises a main compressor 1, the cooling module comprises a condenser 6 and a main heat regenerator 8 which are connected in sequence, the cooling module comprises an ejector 9, a high-temperature evaporator 10, a gas distribution liquid storage device 13 and a low-temperature evaporator 12 which are connected in a ring mode, the power generation unit comprises a power generation module and an auxiliary compression refrigeration module loaded on the power generation module, the power generation module comprises a waste heat utilization device 3 and a turbine 5 which are connected in sequence, the auxiliary compression refrigeration module comprises an auxiliary compressor 16, an auxiliary condenser 17, an auxiliary throttle valve 18, a cascade heat exchanger 14 and a cascade heat regenerator 7 which are connected in a ring mode, the auxiliary compressor 16 is coaxially connected with the turbine 5 and drives the auxiliary compressor 16 to operate by utilizing the coaxial work effect of the auxiliary compressor, the main compressor 1 is provided with a gas inlet, a middle gas supplementing port and an outlet, the outlet of the main compressor 1 is divided into two branches, and the inlet of the waste heat utilization device 3 which is connected to the power generation module through a first valve 2 is connected to the turbine The power generation module is short-circuited through the second valve 4 and then is connected to an inlet of a condenser 6 of the cooling module, a cooling coil and a cooled coil which exchange heat and dissipate cold mutually are arranged in the main heat regenerator 8, an outlet of the condenser 6 is communicated with the cooled coil of the main heat regenerator 8, a fourth valve 19 is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the outlet of the condenser 6, the outlet of the condenser 6 is further connected with a cascade heat regenerator 7 of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, a branch at which the fourth valve 19 is arranged is used for short-circuiting the cascade heat regenerator 7, an outlet of the cooled coil of the main heat regenerator 8 is communicated with an inlet of an ejector 9 of the cooling unit, a third valve 15 is arranged on the pipeline, an outlet of the cooled coil of the main heat regenerator 8 is further connected with a cascade heat exchanger 14 of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, the branch at which the third valve 15 is arranged is used for short-circuiting the cascade heat exchanger 14, and the ejector 9 comprises an, The centre, the export of sprayer 9 is connected with high temperature evaporator 10, the export of high temperature evaporator 10 and the import intercommunication of gas branch reservoir 13, gas branch reservoir 13 includes gas outlet and liquid outlet, the gas outlet of gas branch reservoir 13 and the cooling coil intercommunication in the main regenerator 8, the export of cooling coil and the middle tonifying qi mouth intercommunication of main compressor 1 and the pipeline on be equipped with fifth valve 20, the liquid outlet of gas branch reservoir 13 passes through the access connection of main throttle valve 11 with low temperature evaporator 12, the export of low temperature evaporator 12 is divided into two the tunnel through the pipeline reposition of redundant personnel, communicates with the centre of sprayer 9 all the way, communicates with the middle tonifying qi mouth of main compressor 1 all the way, and the circulation of refrigerant is realized through above part and connection to the system.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the difference from embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, a gas-liquid separator is added before the air inlets of the main compressor 1 and the auxiliary compressor 16, specifically, a first gas-liquid separator 21 is added on the pipeline connecting the low-temperature evaporator 12 and the intermediate air make-up port of the main compressor 1, a second gas-liquid separator 22 is added between the secondary compressor 16 and the overlapping heat regenerator 7 in the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, and the addition of the first gas-liquid separator and the second gas-liquid separator in the system can prevent the compressor from liquid slugging.
Example 3: refrigeration flow when power generation unit does not participate in system
Taking the system of embodiment 1 as an example, as shown in fig. 3, under the condition that the power generation unit is not turned on, the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide discharged from the main compressor 1 passes through the second valve 4 and then enters the cooler 6, is cooled to a high-pressure normal-temperature (close to 40 ℃) state, and then enters the cascade heat regenerator 7, at this time, because the power generation unit does not operate, the refrigerant passes through the branch where the fourth valve 19 is located to short-circuit the cascade heat regenerator 7, the refrigerant enters the main heat regenerator 8, exchanges heat with the low-temperature liquid in the secondary air distribution reservoir 13 to continuously lower the temperature, the refrigerant continuously flows through the branch where the third valve 15 short-circuits the cascade heat exchanger 14 is located and enters the inlet of the ejector 9, the refrigerant coming out of the ejector 9 is changed to a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, and is dissipated cold in the high-temperature evaporator 10, the refrigerant is divided into two paths, and the temperature is further, and enters the low-temperature evaporator 12 for cooling, and the cooled refrigerant enters the middle port of the ejector 9 and is mixed with the refrigerant from the main heat regenerator 8 to complete the cycle. The other refrigerant is introduced into the gas-separation receiver 13. The gas part in the gas distribution reservoir enters an inlet of the compressor, the liquid part in the gas distribution reservoir enters the main heat regenerator 8, the refrigerant before entering the ejector 9 is further cooled, the temperature of the refrigerant is increased and has a certain superheat degree, the refrigerant enters an intermediate air supplement port of the compressor 1, and a fifth valve 20 is arranged on an intermediate air supplement pipeline and used for adjusting the intermediate air supplement amount.
In this cycle, the second valve 4, the third valve 15, the fourth valve 19, and the fifth valve 20 are in the open state, and the first valve 2 is in the closed state.
Example 4: refrigeration flow when power generation unit participates in system
Taking the system of embodiment 1 as an example, as shown in fig. 4, when the power generation unit is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide discharged from the main compressor 1 enters the waste heat utilization device 3 through the first valve 2 to be further heated, raised in temperature and raised in pressure, the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide refrigerant enters the 5 turbine to do work, the coaxial work-doing effect thereof is utilized to drive the secondary compressor 16 to operate, the refrigerant after doing work enters the cooler 6 to be cooled to a high-pressure normal-temperature (close to 40 ℃) state, then enters the cascade heat regenerator 7 to exchange heat with the low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the cascade heat exchanger 14 in the power generation unit, the temperature of the refrigerant is further lowered, then the refrigerant enters the main heat regenerator 8 to exchange heat with the low-temperature liquid in the secondary air distribution reservoir 13 so as to be further lowered in temperature, and the refrigerant continues to flow through the cascade heat exchanger 14, exchanging heat with the throttled low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the power generation unit, reducing the temperature of the refrigerant again, entering an inlet of an ejector 9, changing the refrigerant from the ejector into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, cooling the refrigerant in a high-temperature evaporator 10, dividing the refrigerant into two paths, reducing the temperature of one path of refrigerant further after throttling and pressure reduction by a throttle valve 11, entering a low-temperature evaporator 12 for cooling the refrigerant, entering an intermediate port of the ejector 9, mixing the cooled refrigerant with the refrigerant from a main heat regenerator 8 to complete circulation, entering an air distribution liquid accumulator 13, entering the air distribution liquid accumulator 13 into the inlet of the main compressor 1, entering the liquid in the air distribution liquid accumulator 8, further cooling the refrigerant before entering the ejector 9, and increasing the temperature of the refrigerant, and has a certain superheat degree, and then enters a middle air supplement port of the main compressor 1, and a fifth valve 20 is arranged on a middle air supplement pipeline and used for adjusting the middle air supplement amount.
The refrigerant compressed by the secondary compressor 16 in the power generation unit is changed into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous state, the refrigerant is condensed and cooled in the secondary condenser 17, then enters the secondary throttle valve 18, is throttled, depressurized and cooled, the refrigerant is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, after heat exchange is carried out between the refrigerant and the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the main system through the cascade heat exchanger 14, the temperature of the refrigerant in the power generation unit is increased and changed into a gaseous state with a certain superheat degree, the temperature of the gaseous refrigerant is continuously increased after the gaseous refrigerant is continuously increased through the cascade heat regenerator 7, the suction of the compressor is ensured to be the gaseous refrigerant, and the part of the refrigerant enters the air suction port of the.
In this cycle, the second valve 4, the third valve 15, and the fourth valve 19 are closed, and the first valve 2 and the fifth valve 20 are opened.
The refrigerant of the sub-compression refrigeration module of the present invention is not limited to carbon dioxide, and freon may be used.
In practice, referring to fig. 5, multiple measurements show that the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant (carbon dioxide) at various points in the system with the power generation unit participating in the system are shown with reference to table 1 below:
the parameters of the state points of the pipelines where the cascade heat exchanger, the third valve, the auxiliary compressor, the auxiliary condenser and the auxiliary throttle valve are located are related to the types of refrigerants of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, and the states are not expressed.
The main compressor 1 of the carbon dioxide transcritical gas-supplementing enthalpy-increasing system with the power generation function is additionally provided with the compressor gas-supplementing port, so that gas-supplementing enthalpy-increasing is realized to increase the flow of the outlet of the compressor, and the flow distribution of the medium at the outlet of the main compressor 1 can be switched or adjusted through the first valve 2 and the second valve 4, so that the cold quantity provided for the cascade heat exchanger 14 and the cascade heat regenerator 7 in the auxiliary compressor 16 driven by the turbine 5 is changed, and the refrigeration effect of a main system is further influenced.
The auxiliary compression refrigeration module is arranged to benefit both the refrigeration unit and the auxiliary compression refrigeration module, the auxiliary compression refrigeration module provides refrigeration capacity for the cascade heat regenerator 7 and the cascade heat exchanger 14 through the condensation effect of the auxiliary condenser 17, the temperature of the refrigeration unit after condensation is reduced, the superheat degree of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module is improved, under the condition of operation of the power generation unit, the cooling of high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide discharged by the main compressor 1 in the refrigeration unit is divided into multiple stages, the turbine 5 applies work to consume primary cooling, the condenser 6 cools through condensation, exchanges heat with the cascade heat regenerator 7 to cool, the temperature of condensed medium carbon dioxide is further reduced through the main heat regenerator 8, exchanges heat through the cascade heat exchanger 14 to cool, is circularly sprayed through the ejector 9 to cool, finally becomes low-temperature liquid, returns to the air-separation liquid reservoir 13 to realize refrigeration circulation, and the supercooling degree is increased through the multiple stages of cooling, the unit refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating unit is increased, and therefore the refrigerating efficiency is improved.
In addition, the running condition of the system can be adjusted by arranging a plurality of valves in the system, wherein the on-off of the fourth valve 19 can determine whether the cascade heat regenerator 7 is short-circuited or not, the on-off of the third valve 15 determines whether the cascade heat exchanger 14 is short-circuited or not, and under the condition that no power generation unit participates, the third valve 15 and the fourth valve 19 are opened, so that short circuit is realized, and the pressure loss of a medium in the heat exchanger is reduced.
The waste heat utilization device 3 is arranged in front of the turbine 5 in the power generation module, so that the temperature and the pressure of a medium at the outlet of the main compressor 1 can be further increased, the high-energy state in front of the turbine 5 is realized by utilizing the waste heat,
two different evaporation temperatures can be provided in the cold dissipation module through the ejector 9, cold dissipation is realized in the high-temperature evaporator 10 and the low-temperature evaporator 12 respectively, the main throttle valve 11 can play a role in flow regulation to change the flow proportion of media entering the low-temperature evaporator 12 and entering the gas-separation liquid accumulator 13, low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant from the high-temperature evaporator 10 enters the gas-separation liquid accumulator 13, the liquid part from the gas-separating reservoir 13 is changed into a gas-liquid two-phase state with lower temperature and pressure through the throttling action of the main throttle valve 11, and then changed into a gas refrigerant with certain superheat degree through the cold dissipation of the low-temperature evaporator 12, the gaseous refrigerant is divided into two paths, one path enters the air inlet of the main compressor 1, the other path enters the middle port of the ejector 9, and the gas part coming out of the gas branch liquid storage device 13 enters the middle air supplement port of the main compressor 1 through the middle air supplement port.
The auxiliary compression refrigeration module basically does not need energy consumption when the refrigerant is compressed, the efficiency of the whole system is further improved, the system is high in functionality, multiple switchable modes are provided, whether the power generation unit needs to participate or not can be determined according to different waste heat tastes, the power generation unit participates, and the efficiency of the system can be higher.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are illustrative and not exclusive in all respects. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. A carbon dioxide transcritical air-supplementing enthalpy-increasing system with a power generation function is characterized by comprising a refrigeration unit and a power generation unit, wherein a refrigerant of the refrigeration unit is carbon dioxide, the refrigeration unit is connected with the power generation unit through a pipeline with a valve, the refrigeration unit comprises a compression module, a cooling module and a cold dissipation module which are connected in a ring manner, the cooling module dissipates cold through an ejector and an evaporator, the power generation unit comprises a power generation module and an auxiliary compression refrigeration module loaded on the power generation module, the compression power of the auxiliary compression refrigeration module comes from the coaxial work effect of the power generation module, the power source of the power generation module comes from the pressure drop of the compression module of the refrigeration unit, the outlet of the power generation module is connected with the cooling module of the refrigeration unit, and the auxiliary compression refrigeration module is connected with the cooling module of the refrigeration unit to assist in cooling the refrigerant.
2. The carbon dioxide transcritical gas supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 1, wherein the compression module comprises a main compressor (1), the main compressor (1) is provided with a gas inlet, an intermediate gas supplementing port and an outlet, the outlet of the main compressor (1) is connected to the power generation module through a first valve (2) and short-circuits the power generation module through a branch, a second valve (4) is arranged on the branch, the power generation module and the branch are connected to the temperature reduction module after being converged through a pipeline, the intermediate gas supplementing port of the main compressor (1) is connected to an outlet of a gaseous refrigerant generated after gas-liquid separation from the cooling module, and the gas inlet of the main compressor (1) is connected to an outlet of the gaseous refrigerant generated after evaporation from the cooling module.
3. The carbon dioxide transcritical gas supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 2, wherein a pipeline connecting a gas inlet of the main compressor (1) and an outlet of the cold dissipation module for generating a gaseous refrigerant after evaporation passes through the temperature reduction module.
4. The carbon dioxide transcritical gas supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 3, wherein the temperature reducing module comprises a condenser (6) and a main heat regenerator (8) which are connected in sequence, branches of the power generation module and the compression module are connected to an inlet of the condenser (6) after being merged through a pipeline, a cooling coil and a cooled coil which exchange heat and dissipate cold with each other are arranged in the main heat regenerator (8), a fourth valve (19) is arranged on a pipeline which communicates an outlet of the condenser (6) with the cooled coil of the main heat regenerator (8), and a pipeline which connects an outlet of a gaseous refrigerant generated after evaporation of the cooling module and an air inlet of the main compressor (1) is communicated with the cooled coil of the main heat regenerator (8).
5. The carbon dioxide transcritical gas supplementing and enthalpy increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 4, wherein an outlet of a cooled coil of the primary heat regenerator (8) is sequentially connected to the secondary compression refrigeration module and the cold dissipation module and short-circuits the secondary compression refrigeration module through a branch provided with a third valve (15).
6. The carbon dioxide transcritical air-replenishing and enthalpy-increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 5, wherein the cold dissipation module comprises an ejector (9), a high-temperature evaporator (10), a gas-separating liquid reservoir (13) and a low-temperature evaporator (12) which are connected in a ring manner, the ejector (9) comprises an inlet, an outlet and an intermediate port, the inlet of the ejector (9) is connected with a cooling module and an outlet of a secondary compression refrigeration module which generate low-temperature condensed liquid, the outlet of the ejector (9) is connected with the high-temperature evaporator (10), the outlet of the high-temperature evaporator (10) is communicated with the inlet of the gas-separating liquid reservoir (13), the gas-separating liquid reservoir (13) comprises a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the gas outlet of the gas-separating liquid reservoir (13) is communicated with a cooling coil in the main regenerator (8), the outlet of the cooling coil is communicated with an intermediate gas-replenishing port of the main compressor (1), and a fifth valve (20) is arranged on a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the gas distribution liquid storage device (13) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature evaporator (12) through the main throttle valve (11), the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator (12) is divided into two paths through a pipeline, one path of the outlet is communicated with the middle port of the ejector (9), and the other path of the outlet is communicated with the middle air supplement port of the main compressor (1).
7. The carbon dioxide transcritical air-supplementing and enthalpy-increasing system with the power generation function as claimed in claim 6, wherein a first gas-liquid separator (21) is further arranged on a pipeline connecting the low-temperature evaporator (12) and the middle air-supplementing port of the main compressor (1).
8. The carbon dioxide transcritical gas-supplementing enthalpy-increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the power generation module comprises a waste heat utilization device (3) and a turbine (5) which are connected in sequence, an inlet of the waste heat utilization device (3) is communicated with the main compressor (1) through a pipeline, a first valve (2) is arranged on the pipeline, an outlet of the waste heat utilization device (3) is connected with an inlet of the turbine (5), and the turbine (5) is converged with an outlet of the main compressor (1) and then connected with an inlet of the condenser (6).
9. The transcritical carbon dioxide vapor-filling enthalpy-increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 8, wherein the secondary compression refrigeration module comprises a secondary compressor (16), a secondary condenser (17), a secondary throttle valve (18), a cascade heat exchanger (14) and a cascade heat regenerator (7) which are connected in a ring manner, the secondary compressor (16) is coaxially coupled with the turbine (5), the cascade heat exchanger (14) is further connected with an outlet of a cooled coil of the main heat regenerator (8), a branch where the third valve (15) is located short-circuits the cascade heat exchanger (14), the cascade heat regenerator (7) is further connected with an outlet of the condenser (6), and a branch where the fourth valve (19) is located short-circuits the cascade heat regenerator (7).
10. The carbon dioxide transcritical gas-supplementing enthalpy-increasing system with the power generation function according to claim 9, wherein a second gas-liquid separator (22) is further disposed between the secondary compressor (16) and the secondary heat regenerator (7) in the secondary compression refrigeration module.
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