CN112879364B - Energy-saving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit - Google Patents

Energy-saving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112879364B
CN112879364B CN202110344761.9A CN202110344761A CN112879364B CN 112879364 B CN112879364 B CN 112879364B CN 202110344761 A CN202110344761 A CN 202110344761A CN 112879364 B CN112879364 B CN 112879364B
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oil
pump
cylinder
main
hydraulic
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CN202110344761.9A
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CN112879364A (en
Inventor
曹健
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Chinatech Petroleum Technology Chengdu Co ltd
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Chinatech Petroleum Technology Chengdu Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/17Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/06Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/88Control measures for saving energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy-conserving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit, main oil pump is absorbed from an hydro-cylinder, through the oil pump pressurization, promote the piston of another hydro-cylinder to rise, when rising to appointed position, electromagnetic switch opens, the hydraulic oil in the high-order hydro-cylinder gets into the low-order hydro-cylinder through balanced oil circuit, promote the low-order hydro-cylinder piston to rise, two hydro-cylinder pressure balanced back, electromagnetic switch closes, balanced oil circuit disconnection, the switching-over valve switching-over, the remaining hydraulic oil in the high-order hydro-cylinder is through the main pump pressurization, continue to get into the low-order hydro-cylinder, make the piston of low-order hydro-cylinder rise, until appointed position. The two oil cylinders rise and fall alternately to drive the sucker rod of the oil well to rise and fall, so as to realize the purpose of oil pumping. The balance oil way can lift half of the stroke of the piston of the oil cylinder by means of gravitational potential energy, and the motor does not work at the moment, so that about 50% of electric energy can be saved.

Description

Energy-saving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic systems, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic system of a double-well balanced hydraulic pumping unit.
Background
The energy-saving principle of the existing double-well hydraulic pumping unit is to utilize the potential energy of the descending sucker rod of one well to pressurize the inlet of the oil pump, and reduce the work done by the oil pump when lifting the sucker rod of the other well to realize the purpose of energy saving. However, in the oil pumping process, the load of the oil well is changed, the larger the viscosity of the oil is, the larger the load change is, for example, the oil well with the maximum load of 60KN is lifted, the difference between the maximum load and the minimum load of the drop is about 10KN, and even the load difference can reach more than 30KN for the oil well with high viscosity. In addition, the temperature difference between winter and summer also causes a larger load difference. In the lifting process of the oil cylinder piston of the hydraulic oil pumping unit, the load is gradually increased, the pressure of the oil cylinder is also gradually increased from small to large, the pressure is maximum when the highest stroke point is reached, and the load is gradually reduced due to the buoyancy and friction force of petroleum when the oil cylinder piston descends, and the pressure of the oil cylinder is also reduced. The pressure difference can reach 3-8MPa. Under the condition, when the hydraulic system works, the inlet pressure of the oil pump is far higher than the pressure of the outlet in the initial reversing stage, when the unidirectional oil pump is used, the oil pump can vibrate due to the reverse torque generated by the pressure difference, huge noise is generated, and even the motor is blocked, until the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the oil pump are basically balanced, the oil pump can work normally. If a hydraulic motor is used, the leakage amount is large, the pump efficiency is low, the cost is high, meanwhile, the rotation of the hydraulic motor driven by the torque caused by the pressure difference cannot be synchronous with the rotation of the motor, so that the working torque of the motor can be increased, the work of the motor is increased, and the energy-saving effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the adverse effect of pressure difference generated when a double-well hydraulic pumping unit system commutates on the hydraulic system. The pressure difference during reversing of the oil way balancing system is balanced, and the energy provided by the pressure difference is fully utilized to enable the sucker rod to ascend, so that the purposes of protecting the system to work stably, reducing working noise, prolonging the service life of the hydraulic system and realizing further energy conservation are achieved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an energy-conserving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit, the oil circuit is mended, the switching-over oil circuit, the balance oil circuit, the overflow oil circuit, the main oil circuit includes main motor M1, the main oil pump, main oil circuit check valve, main oil circuit overflow valve and pipeline, the oil circuit is mended including mending oil motor M2, the oil pump, mending oil check valve 6, mending oil overflow valve and pipeline, the switching-over oil circuit includes switching-over valve and pipeline, the balance circuit includes choke valve 8, electromagnetic switch valve 9 and oil circuit, the oil pump oil suction port connects the oil tank, the oil pump oil-out of mending oil connects the oil suction port of main oil pump through mending oil pipeline, the oil pump is connected with the oil motor that mends, the main oil pump is connected with main motor, the motor provides power, the oil pump that mends is connected with the oil check valve, mends oil overflow valve through the pipeline, the oil suction port of main oil pump, the oil outlet passes through the pipeline connection switching-over valve and is connected with two hydro-cylinder pipelines, hydro-cylinder I and hydro-cylinder II pass through choke valve 8, electromagnetic switch valve 9 and oil circuit connection, hydro-cylinder I and hydro-cylinder II contain the hydro-cylinder piston rod, hydro-cylinder built-in magnetostriction displacement sensor.
The oil cylinder I and the oil cylinder II are two single-acting oil cylinders, and oil is supplied to the rod cavity.
The main oil way is used for providing power and a power oil channel for the system to work;
The oil supplementing oil way is used for supplementing oil to the main oil way and providing an oil supplementing channel;
the reversing oil way is used for providing switching actions of up-and-down motions of the two oil cylinders and an oil way channel;
the balancing oil way is used for directly communicating the two oil cylinders before reversing the two oil cylinders, so that hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder with high pressure directly flows into the oil cylinder with low pressure, and the piston of the low pressure oil cylinder is lifted until the pressure of the two oil cylinders reaches balance, thereby achieving the purposes of fully utilizing gravitational potential energy to save electricity and balancing the pressure of the two oil cylinders.
The system is changed forward, and the pressure of the two oil cylinders is balanced through the balance oil way under the action of gravitational potential energy. And then reversing the reversing valve, pressurizing through the oil pump, and continuously entering the other oil cylinder from the one oil cylinder to enable the piston of the oil cylinder to rise until the specified position.
The balance oil path realizes the balance of the pressure of the two oil cylinders through the opening and closing actions of the electromagnetic switch, and the flow rate of hydraulic oil of the balance oil path is regulated through the throttle valve 8. According to the principle of a communicating vessel, after the balance oil way is communicated, the pressure of the oil cylinder I and the oil cylinder II is automatically balanced, and the balance pressure is 1/2 (P1+P2).
1. And (5) adjusting a working system.
First, adjust the stroke frequency, change main motor M1 rotational speed through adjusting main motor M1's operating frequency, increase or reduce the flow of main oil pump, realize the oil cylinder and adjust the speed of piston lifting speed to reach the purpose of adjusting the stroke frequency.
And secondly, regulating the stroke, and starting a supplemental oil pump to supply oil to the system when the stroke is increased, so that the total storage oil quantity of the two oil cylinders is increased to achieve the purpose of increasing the stroke. When the stroke is reduced, the total storage oil quantity of the oil cylinder is reduced through the oil return tank of the main oil way overflow valve, so that the purpose of reducing the stroke of the piston of the oil cylinder is achieved.
And thirdly, controlling a displacement sensor in an actual stroke oil piston rod of the oil cylinder piston.
2. System oil make-up control
The oil supplementing pump is controlled by the displacement difference of the displacement X1 and X2 measured by the displacement sensors of the two oil cylinders, and when the displacement difference exceeds a set value, the oil supplementing pump is started, and when the displacement difference is smaller than the set value, the oil supplementing pump stops working. The oil supplementing pump does not work at ordinary times, and only when the leakage quantity of the system reaches a certain quantity (the leakage quantity is reflected by the displacement difference of the oil cylinder), the oil supplementing pump starts to work,
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the balance oil way can lift half of the stroke of the piston of the oil cylinder by means of gravitational potential energy, and the motor does not work at the moment, so that about 50% of electric energy can be saved. Meanwhile, when the oil pump is started, the pressure of the oil suction port and the oil outlet port of the oil pump are equal, so that the reverse torque is eliminated, the oil pump is in an optimal working state, the pump efficiency of the oil pump is improved, the working noise is reduced, and the service life is prolonged greatly. Meanwhile, when the reversing valve reverses, as the pressures at the two ends of the reversing valve are equal, reversing impact abrasion and noise caused by pressure difference are eliminated, so that the service life of the reversing valve can be greatly prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The application method of the energy-saving hydraulic system for the hydraulic pumping unit comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a supplemental oil pump 2, and adjusting the pressure of a supplemental oil overflow valve 4 to a set safety value;
Step 2, starting the main oil pump 1, adjusting the pressure of the main oil way overflow valve 3 to a set safety value, and then closing the main oil pump 1 and the supplemental oil pump 2;
and 3, starting the oil supplementing motor M2 to drive the oil supplementing pump 2 to absorb oil from the oil tank, pressurizing the oil through the oil supplementing pump 2, and enabling the oil to enter an oil inlet of the main oil pump 1 through an oil supplementing oil way.
And 4, starting the main oil pump after the oil supplementing pump starts to supply oil for 3 seconds, pressurizing hydraulic oil through the main oil pump, enabling the hydraulic oil to enter the oil cylinder I through the reversing valve, enabling the piston of the oil cylinder I to rise, and stopping working of the oil supplementing pump 2 and the main oil pump 1 when the hydraulic oil rises to the top of the oil cylinder I (the hydraulic oil reaches the top during starting and is set according to the oil field requirement after normal working).
Step 5, opening a balance oil way: the throttle valve 8 is adjusted to a proper opening degree, the electromagnetic switch valve 9 is opened, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder I enters the oil cylinder II through the balance loop under the action of gravitational potential energy to the pressure balance position, and then the balance loop is closed.
And 6, starting the main oil pump 1 to work, reversing the reversing valve, pressurizing residual hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder I through the main oil pump 1, and driving the hydraulic oil into the oil cylinder II to lift the piston to a set position.
And repeating the steps, and enabling the system to enter a normal working state.
The main oil way check valve 5 has the function of preventing the hydraulic oil of the main oil way from flowing back to the oil outlet of the main oil pump 1.
EXAMPLE 2,
Steps 1, 2, and 3 are the same as in example 1, except that cylinder 110 is interchangeably positioned with cylinder II11,
And 4, starting the main oil pump after the oil supplementing pump starts to supply oil for 3 seconds, pressurizing hydraulic oil through the main oil pump, enabling the hydraulic oil to enter the oil cylinder II through the reversing valve, enabling the piston of the oil cylinder II to rise, and stopping working of the oil supplementing pump 2 and the main oil pump 1 when the hydraulic oil rises to the top of the oil cylinder II11 (the hydraulic oil reaches the top during starting and is set according to the oil field requirement after normal working).
Step 5, opening a balance oil way: the throttle valve 8 is adjusted to a proper opening degree, the electromagnetic switch valve 9 is opened, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder II11 enters the oil cylinder I10 through the balance loop under the action of gravitational potential energy, and the balance loop is closed after the hydraulic oil enters the pressure balance position.
And 6, starting the main oil pump 110 to work, reversing the reversing valve 7, pressurizing the residual hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder II11 through the main oil pump 1, and then driving the hydraulic oil into the oil cylinder I10 to lift the piston to a set position.
And repeating the steps, and enabling the system to enter a normal working state.
The main oil pump 1 absorbs oil from the oil cylinder II11, is pressurized by the oil pump, pushes the piston of the oil cylinder I10 to rise, when the oil cylinder I rises to a specified position, the electromagnetic switch valve 9 is opened, high-pressure hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder I10 enters the oil cylinder II11 through the balance oil path, the piston of the oil cylinder II11 is pushed to rise, after the pressure of the two oil cylinders is balanced, the electromagnetic switch valve 9 is closed, the balance oil path is disconnected, the reversing valve 7 reverses, the residual hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder I is pressurized by the main oil pump 1, and the residual hydraulic oil continuously enters the oil cylinder II11 to enable the piston of the oil cylinder II11 to rise until the specified position. At this time, the electromagnetic switch valve 9 is opened, high-pressure hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder II enters the oil cylinder I10 through the balance oil way to push the piston of the oil cylinder I to rise, when the pressure of the two oil cylinders is balanced, the electromagnetic switch valve 9 is closed, the balance oil way is disconnected, the reversing valve 7 reverses, and the residual hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder II continuously enters the oil cylinder I10 after being pressurized by the main oil pump, so that the piston of the oil cylinder I10 rises until the specified position. The oil cylinder I10 and the oil cylinder II11 are alternately lifted and lowered to drive the sucker rod of the oil well to lift and lower, so that the purpose of oil pumping is realized.
The balance oil way can lift half of the stroke of the piston of the oil cylinder by means of gravitational potential energy, and the motor does not work at the moment, so that about 50% of electric energy can be saved. Meanwhile, when the oil pump is started, the oil inlet and outlet pressures of the oil pump are equal, so that the reverse torque is eliminated, the oil pump is in an optimal working state, the pump efficiency and working noise of the oil pump are reduced, and the service life of the oil pump is prolonged greatly. Meanwhile, when the reversing valve reverses, the pressure at the two ends of the reversing valve is equal, so that reversing impact abrasion and noise are eliminated, and the service life of the reversing valve can be greatly prolonged. The system pressure impact is reduced, the service life of the system is prolonged, the impact noise is reduced, and the energy is saved.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit, including main oil circuit, the oil circuit that mends, the switching-over oil circuit, balanced oil circuit, overflow oil circuit, main oil circuit includes main motor (M1), main oil pump (1), main oil circuit check valve (5), main oil circuit overflow valve (3), and pipeline, the oil circuit that mends includes oil motor (M2), oil pump (2), oil check valve (6) mends, oil overflow valve (4) and pipeline mend, the switching-over oil circuit includes switching-over valve (7) and pipeline, balanced return circuit includes choke valve (8), electromagnetic switch valve (9) and oil circuit, its characterized in that: the oil suction port of the oil supplementing pump (2) is connected with the oil tank, the oil outlet of the oil supplementing pump is connected with the oil suction port of the main oil pump (1) through an oil supplementing pipeline, the oil supplementing pump (2) is connected with the oil supplementing motor (M2), the main oil pump (1) is connected with the main motor (M1), the motor provides power, the oil supplementing pump is connected with the oil supplementing one-way valve (6) and the oil supplementing overflow valve (4) through pipelines, the main oil pump is connected with the main oil way one-way valve (5) and the main oil way overflow valve (3), the oil suction port and the oil outlet of the main oil pump (1) are connected with the reversing valve (7) through pipelines and are connected with two oil cylinder pipelines, the oil cylinder I (10) and the oil cylinder II (11) are connected with oil cylinders through throttle valves (8), electromagnetic switch valves (9) and oil paths, oil cylinder piston rods are arranged in the oil cylinder I (10) and the oil cylinder II (11), and magnetostrictive displacement sensors are arranged in the oil cylinder piston rods.
2. The energy-saving hydraulic system for a hydraulic pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein: the detection pressure of the oil cylinder I (10) is P1, the detection pressure of the oil cylinder II (11) is P2, and the balance oil pressure is 1/2 (P1+P2).
3. The energy-saving hydraulic system for a hydraulic pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein: the using method of the system comprises the following steps: the system start is realized by pumping oil to the inlet of the main oil pump (1) through the oil supplementing loop, then starting the main oil pump (1) and reversing,
Step 1, starting a supplemental oil pump (2), and adjusting the pressure of a supplemental oil overflow valve (4) to a set safety value;
Step 2, starting the main oil pump (1), adjusting the pressure of the main oil way overflow valve (3) to a set safety value, and then closing the main oil pump (1) and the supplemental oil pump (2);
step 3, starting an oil supplementing motor (M2) to drive an oil supplementing pump (2) to absorb oil from an oil tank, and enabling the oil to enter an oil inlet of a main oil pump through an oil supplementing oil way by pressurizing the oil supplementing pump (2);
step 4, starting the main oil pump (1) after the oil supplementing pump starts to supply oil for 3 seconds, pressurizing hydraulic oil through the main oil pump (1), enabling the hydraulic oil to enter the oil cylinder I (10) through the reversing valve, enabling the oil cylinder I (10) to ascend, and stopping working of the oil supplementing pump (2) and the main oil pump (1) when the hydraulic oil ascends to the top or the set position of the oil cylinder I (10);
Step 5, opening a balance oil way: the throttle valve (8) is adjusted to a proper opening degree, the electromagnetic switch valve (9) is opened, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder I (10) enters the oil cylinder II (11) through the balance loop under the action of gravitational potential energy, and the balance loop is closed after the hydraulic oil enters the pressure balance position;
Step 6, starting the main oil pump (1) to work, reversing a reversing valve at the same time, pressurizing residual hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder I (10) through the main oil pump (1), and then driving the hydraulic oil into the oil cylinder II (11) to lift a piston to a set position;
And repeating the steps, and enabling the system to enter a normal working state.
CN202110344761.9A 2021-03-31 2021-03-31 Energy-saving hydraulic system for hydraulic pumping unit Active CN112879364B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113417899A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-09-21 齐齐哈尔和平重工集团有限公司 Energy-saving hydraulic system applied to hydraulic pumping unit
CN113958705A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-01-21 索特传动设备有限公司 Double-pump oil supply system, gearbox assembly and engineering machinery

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CN202055807U (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-11-30 乜永升 Hydraulic twin-well oil pumping unit utilizing back pressure of closed loop
CN202990977U (en) * 2012-08-02 2013-06-12 周国峰 Tower-type double cylinder push-pull hydraulic long stroke pumping unit
CN203383792U (en) * 2013-07-19 2014-01-08 王文雯 Balanced type one-machine multi-well energy saving hydraulic pumping unit
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