Performance simulation test method for vertical air shaft explosion door
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vertical air shaft explosion doors, in particular to a performance simulation test method for a vertical air shaft explosion door.
Background
The underground gas explosion is an extremely serious mine disaster, can cause a great amount of casualties and seriously destroy underground facilities, and further can seriously threaten a ventilation network.
Under the influence of a complex structure of a roadway, after shock waves generated by gas explosion are transmitted through an underground ventilation network, impact loads acting on a mine pressure relief device are distributed unevenly, so that the local deformation or failure of a mine explosion door can be caused, the explosion door cannot be effectively reset, and a main mine ventilator and the ventilation network are damaged during continuous explosion.
At present, the research on the starting and impact characteristics of the explosion vent in the catastrophe period of a mine mostly focuses on computational fluid dynamics software simulation, the simulation calculation is realized by establishing a numerical model, the obtained result is different from the actual condition, and the pressure relief process of the explosion vent cannot be comprehensively and specifically reflected.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a simulation test method for performance of an explosion vent of a vertical air shaft, so as to truly simulate the whole pressure relief process of the explosion vent and provide design ideas and theoretical support for the development of the explosion vent.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the performance simulation test method of the vertical air shaft explosion door, provided by the invention, the experimental device comprises a ventilation tunnel bent by 90 degrees, an air blower detachably arranged on one side of the ventilation tunnel and an explosion door arranged on the other side of the ventilation tunnel; the explosion-proof door is provided with a strain gauge and a pressure sensor which are used for acquiring stress change data of the explosion-proof door under the action of pneumatic impact; one end side edge of the ventilation tunnel, which is close to the explosion door, is vertically and fixedly connected with a branch pipeline, one end of the branch pipeline, which is far away from the ventilation tunnel, can be opened and closed, and a flow meter and a wind pressure meter are arranged in the branch pipeline; the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the experimental device is installed, the air blower is connected with the ventilation tunnel in a sealing mode, the strain gauge is attached to the inner side of the explosion door and is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, one end, far away from the ventilation tunnel, of the branch pipeline is closed, and the pressure sensor, the wind pressure meter and the flow meter are connected with a computer through the data acquisition instrument.
Step two: and (3) starting the air blower, adjusting the air quantity, recording the processes of opening and pressure relief and automatic resetting of the explosion door under impact by using a high-speed camera arranged outside the explosion door after the explosion door works stably, and recording the readings of the pressure sensor, the air pressure meter and the flow meter.
Step three: turning off the blower, returning the components to the original position, and checking whether the explosion door is damaged or not and air leakage occurs; if yes, ending the experiment; if not, executing the step four.
Step four: and (5) turning on the blower again, increasing the air volume of the blower, and repeating the second step and the third step.
Preferably, an anemoscope is further arranged outside the explosion-proof door, and the anemoscope is connected with a computer through a data acquisition instrument; one end of the branch pipeline, which is far away from the ventilation roadway, is detachably and fixedly connected with an exhaust fan; in the first step, after the experimental device is installed, opening one end of the branch pipeline, which is far away from the ventilation tunnel, connecting and opening the exhaust fan, adjusting the air volume, recording the reading of an external wind meter of the explosion door after the operation is stable, and determining whether air leakage occurs; if yes, the device is re-installed and then the test is repeated; if not, the exhaust fan is shut down and removed, the end part of the branch pipeline is sealed, and the step two is executed.
Preferably, in the third step, after the blower is turned on for 2S, the blower is turned off.
Preferably, in the third step, the mode of checking whether the explosion vent is damaged or not and air leakage is as follows: after the components of the experimental device are reset and arranged, the end part of the branch pipeline is opened again, the exhaust fan is connected and started, the air quantity is adjusted, and after the operation is stable, the reading of the external air detector of the explosion door is recorded to determine whether air leakage occurs; if yes, ending the experiment; if not, the exhaust fan is shut down and removed, the end part of the branch pipeline is sealed, and the step four is executed.
Compared with the prior art, the performance simulation test method for the vertical air shaft explosion vent disclosed by the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, the gas explosion is simulated through the pneumatic impact of the blower on the explosion door, and the real simulation of the gas explosion impact on the explosion door can be realized through the real-time recording of the impact pressure relief and reset process of the explosion door by the high-definition camera.
(2) According to the invention, the strain gauge is attached to the explosion door to collect transient stress change data of the explosion door under the action of pneumatic impact, so that the impact on the explosion door under different air volumes is observed, the analysis and research on the dynamic load distribution rule on the explosion door can be realized, the research result can provide design thought and theoretical support for the development of the explosion door, and the important practical significance is achieved for improving the mine disaster prevention technical level and reducing the gas explosion disaster loss to the maximum extent.
(3) The invention is provided with the exhaust fan and the anemoscope for measuring the airtightness of the explosion door, and detects whether the explosion door leaks air before the experiment begins and in two adjacent experiments, thereby providing a basis for the beginning or the end of the experiment.
(4) According to the invention, the wind pressure meter and the flowmeter are arranged in the branch pipeline to record the wind pressure and the wind volume in the branch pipeline at the moment when the explosion door is impacted, and the reading is compared with the reading in the normal ventilation period, so that whether the pressure relief of the explosion door can play a role in protecting the exhaust fan is judged.
Drawings
For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a test apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the testing device.
The part names represented by the numbers or letters in the drawings are:
1-ventilating laneway; 2-a blower; 3-explosion vent; 4-branch pipelines; 5-an exhaust fan; 6-wind pressure meter; 7-a flow meter; 8-strain gauge.
Detailed Description
The following provides a brief description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1-2 show the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the structure of the simulation test apparatus is analyzed in detail from different angles.
The simulation test device shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a ventilation tunnel 1 bent by 90 degrees, an air blower 2 detachably mounted on one side of the ventilation tunnel 1 and an explosion door 3 mounted on the other side of the ventilation tunnel 1.
Four strain gauges 8 used for acquiring stress change data of the explosion door 3 under the action of pneumatic impact are uniformly attached to the inner wall of the explosion door 3, corresponding holes are formed in the explosion door 3, and lead wires of the strain gauges 8 penetrate through the holes to be electrically connected with corresponding pressure sensors. And a high-definition camera is further arranged above the explosion vent 3 and used for recording the whole process of opening, pressure relief and automatic reset of the explosion vent 3 under impact in real time in the experiment process. The high-definition camera is connected with a computer.
Explosion vent 3 includes explosion vent main part and limit structure. The main body of the explosion door is a conical cover plate which covers the end part of the ventilation roadway 1 so as to ensure the sealing of the end part of the ventilation roadway 1. Limiting structure is four groups along explosion vent main part circumference equipartition, and every group limiting mechanism includes fixed column, iron wire and balancing weight. One end of the fixing column is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the ventilation roadway 1, and the other end of the fixing column is provided with a wire passing hole. One end of the iron wire is fixedly connected with the explosion door main body, and the other end of the iron wire penetrates through the wire passing hole and is fixedly connected with the balancing weight. The total weight of the balancing weights in the four groups of limiting structures is less than that of the explosion vent main body. In addition, the limiting structure further comprises an auxiliary balancing weight block for assisting air leakage detection, the auxiliary balancing weight block and the balancing weight block can be detachably and fixedly connected, and the weight sum of the auxiliary balancing weight block and the balancing weight block is larger than that of the explosion door main body and smaller than that of the explosion door main body and the ventilation negative pressure. During normal impact experiment, only install the balancing weight, when carrying out the detection that leaks out, connect supplementary balancing weight.
The perpendicular fixed connection branch pipeline 4 of one end side that ventilation tunnel 1 is close to explosion vent 3, the tip that ventilation tunnel 1 was kept away from to branch pipeline 4 can be opened and close to demountable installation has air exhauster 5, is provided with flowmeter 7 and wind pressure meter 6 in the branch pipeline 4. Correspondingly, an air detector is arranged outside the explosion door 3, and when the exhaust fan 5 is opened, the air detector detects whether the micro air current exists outside the explosion door 3, so that whether the explosion door 3 leaks air or not is judged. The pressure sensor, the wind pressure meter 6, the flow meter 7 and the wind meter are respectively connected with a computer through a data acquisition instrument so as to record data in real time in the experimental process.
The simulation test method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installation experimental apparatus, with air-blower 5 and 4 sealing connection in ventilation tunnel, 4 tip in the branch pipe way are opened, sealing connection air exhauster 8, the anemoscope arranges outside explosion vent 3 with the high definition camera, foil gage 8 is attached in explosion vent 3 inboards and is connected with pressure sensor electricity, wind pressure meter 6 and flowmeter 7 are installed in branch pipe way 4, and pressure sensor, wind pressure meter 6, flowmeter 7, the anemoscope, the high definition camera passes through the data acquisition appearance and is connected with the computer.
Step two: after the experimental device is installed, the exhaust fan 5 is started, the air quantity is adjusted, after the operation is stable, the reading of an external wind meter of the explosion door 3 is recorded, and whether the explosion door 3 leaks air or not is determined; if yes, the device is re-installed and then the test is repeated; if not, the exhaust fan 5 is shut down and removed, the end part of the branch pipeline 4 is sealed, and the step three is executed.
Step three: open air-blower 2, adjust the amount of wind size, treat job stabilization back, utilize and set up 3 outer high-speed camera record explosion vent of explosion vent to receive the impact and open pressure release and automatic re-setting process, record pressure sensor simultaneously, wind pressure meter 6 and flowmeter 7 readings, in order to gather explosion vent 3 transient stress change data under the pneumatic shock effect, record explosion vent 3 is in the twinkling of an eye by the impact simultaneously, wind pressure and the amount of wind in the branch pipeline 4, and compare this reading with normal ventilation period reading, thereby judge whether 3 pressure releases of explosion vent can play the effect of protection air exhauster 5.
Step four: after turning on the blower 2 for two seconds, the blower 2 is turned off and the components are reset. Then opening the end part of the branch pipeline 4 again, connecting and opening the exhaust fan 5, adjusting the air quantity, recording the reading of an air detector outside the explosion door 3 after the work is stable, and determining whether the explosion door 3 is damaged or leaks air; if yes, ending the experiment; if not, the exhaust fan 5 is shut down and removed, the end part of the branch pipeline 4 is sealed, and the step five is executed.
Step five: and (5) turning on the blower 2 again, increasing the air volume of the blower 2, and repeating the third step and the fourth step.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.