CN112878522A - Tower drum vibration reduction structure of wind driven generator and parameter design method thereof - Google Patents
Tower drum vibration reduction structure of wind driven generator and parameter design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112878522A CN112878522A CN202110041355.5A CN202110041355A CN112878522A CN 112878522 A CN112878522 A CN 112878522A CN 202110041355 A CN202110041355 A CN 202110041355A CN 112878522 A CN112878522 A CN 112878522A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
- E04H9/145—Floods
Abstract
The invention discloses a tower barrel vibration damping structure of a wind driven generator, which comprises a damping mass block, a plurality of springs and a base plate, wherein the springs are uniformly distributed on the circumference, one ends of the springs are connected to the damping mass block, and the other ends of the springs are connected to the inner wall of a tower barrel; the bottom plate is used for supporting the damping mass block, and the friction coefficient between the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the damping mass block is determined according to the upper limit of the vibration amplitude of the tower cylinder when the damping mass block is kept in a static state. Meanwhile, a design principle of the vibration reduction structure and a calculation method of key parameters are provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind driven generators, in particular to a tower drum vibration reduction structure of a wind driven generator and a parameter design method thereof.
Background
With the development of wind power generation technology, wind power generators are becoming larger in size, and megawatt-level large wind power generators are put into use at present. For a large wind driven generator, the tower drum frequency is gradually reduced along with the increase of the diameter of an impeller and the height of the tower drum, vortex-induced resonance is easy to occur in a shutdown scene, and serious threat is caused to the fatigue life of the tower drum. For an offshore wind turbine, when wind and waves are in different directions, the wave load can also excite the wind turbine to laterally resonate, and fatigue damage is caused.
In order to reduce the vibration of the tower drum, the tower drum needs to be damped, at present, the tower drum of the wind driven generator is damped in a tuning damping mode, and when the tower drum resonates greatly, the frequency modulation damper is adopted to restrain the vibration of the tower drum.
However, the existing vibration reduction structure is complex in structure, large in occupied space and high in cost, rapid frequency modulation cannot be performed according to structural characteristics of the tower barrel, the damping effect is poor, and the damper is always in a shaking state under small-amplitude vibration during normal working, so that the structure of the damper is abraded, and the service life of the damper is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of some or all of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a tower damping structure of a wind turbine, including:
a damping mass block;
the spring system comprises a plurality of springs which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, wherein one end of any one spring is connected to the damping mass block, and the other end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the tower cylinder; and
and the bottom plate is fixed on a tower drum platform or the inner wall of the tower drum and used for supporting the damping mass block, and the friction coefficient between the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the damping mass block is determined according to the upper limit of the vibration amplitude of the tower drum when the damping mass block is in a static state.
Further, the levelness of the spring is adjustable.
Furthermore, the tower drum vibration reduction structure further comprises a damper, wherein the damper is horizontally arranged, one end of the damper is connected to the damping mass block, the other end of the damper is connected to the inner wall of the tower drum, and the damper is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of springs.
Furthermore, tower section of thick bamboo damping structure still includes spacing blotter, and it sets up in tower section of thick bamboo inner wall, corresponding to the tie point of spring and/or attenuator and tower section of thick bamboo inner wall.
The invention provides a tower damping parameter design method of a wind driven generator, which comprises the following steps:
according to a preset threshold value and the mass of the damping mass block, determining the levelness and the number of the springs and the friction coefficient between the damping mass block and the bottom plate, and configuring, wherein the preset threshold value refers to the maximum tower drum vibration amplitude for enabling the damping mass block to be static.
According to the tower drum vibration damping structure of the wind driven generator and the parameter design method thereof, provided by the invention, the resonance of the tower drum can be effectively reduced, and the frequency modulation can be realized by adjusting the levelness and the number of the springs so as to meet the requirements of different machine types; according to the following insights of the inventor, the inventor finds that the upper limit of the static friction force (namely the friction force just enabling the damping mass block to move) can be set by setting the friction coefficient on the interface of the damping mass block; because the static friction force is greater than the dynamic friction force, the vibration damping device can carry out vibration damping absorption to the maximum extent on the vibration force below the upper limit of the static friction force and keep the vibration force relatively static through the static friction force, thereby realizing the vibration damping range and the vibration damping effect which are better than the dynamic friction force. Due to the arrangement of the spring system, the tower drum vibration reduction structure is not influenced by the vibration direction, but has a damping effect on any horizontal vibration direction, and is particularly suitable for scenes of different wind and wave directions of the offshore wind driven generator. Compared with a liquid damper, the damper has the advantages of large mass density, better damping effect per unit mass, compact structure and relatively small occupied space.
Drawings
To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of embodiments of the present invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted by the same or similar reference numerals for clarity.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a tower damping structure of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a tower damping structure of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tower damping structure of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, the present invention is described with reference to examples. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other alternative and/or additional methods, materials, or components. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention. Similarly, for purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, the invention is not limited to these specific details. Further, it should be understood that the embodiments shown in the figures are illustrative representations and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention describes the process steps in a specific order, however, this is only for the purpose of illustrating the specific embodiment, and does not limit the sequence of the steps. Rather, in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the steps may be adjusted according to process adjustments.
The traditional simple pendulum damping is influenced by the pendulum length, has narrow application range and large volume, and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the existing wind driven generator. In view of the above problem, the present invention provides a tower damping structure of a wind turbine and a parameter design method thereof, and the following describes the solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 respectively show a side view and a top view of a tower damping structure of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figures, the tower tube vibration damping structure of the wind driven generator comprises a damping mass block 101, a spring system 102 and a base plate 103, wherein the spring system 102 comprises a plurality of springs 1021 which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, one end of each spring 1021 is connected to the damping mass block 101, and the other end of each spring 1021 is connected with the inner wall of the tower tube, so that the tower tube vibration damping structure has a damping effect in each direction. The base plate 103 is fixed on a tower platform or an inner wall of a tower, a first surface of the base plate 103 is in contact with a second surface of the damping mass 101, and is used for supporting the damping mass 101, and a friction coefficient between the first surface of the base plate 103 and the second surface of the damping mass 101 can be determined according to an upper limit of a tower vibration amplitude when the damping mass 101 is in a static state. When the external force received by the wind driven generator is large and the vibration amplitude of the tower drum is high, the friction force between the base plate and the damping mass block is difficult to consume enough energy, at the moment, a damper 104 can be added to increase the damping capacity of the vibration damping structure of the tower drum, the damper 104 is horizontally arranged, one end of the damper 104 is connected to the damping mass block 101, the other end of the damper is connected with the inner wall of the tower drum, and the damper 104 corresponds to the springs one to one. In one embodiment of the invention, in order to prevent the damping mass block from having too large motion amplitude to collide with the wall of the tower cylinder or damage the spring and damper devices, a limit cushion 105 is further arranged on the inner wall of the tower cylinder at a position corresponding to the connection point of the spring and/or damper and the inner wall of the tower cylinder.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tower damping structure of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, m1、c1、k1The modal mass, the damping and the rigidity of the tower of the wind driven generator are respectively, the three parameters jointly reflect the mass and the frequency characteristic of the tower, x1The amplitude of the tower vibration, f (t), the external load acting on the tower, such as the tower vibration caused by wind load, wave load, and wind turbine action, etc., is represented by:
m2、c2、k2the components of the mass of the damping mass block, the damping and the stiffness of the spring system in the horizontal direction respectively reflect the mass and frequency characteristics of the tower damping structure, wherein c2Is formed by the structural damping of the damping mass and the damper 104.
By adjusting the levelness and/or number of the spring system, the components of the stiffness in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be adjusted, wherein the component k in the vertical direction3For adjusting the weight of the damping mass acting on the damper base plate and thus the friction force f between the damping mass and the base plate, for example if the spring system is arranged obliquely upwards from the damping mass to the inner wall of the towerThe spring system bears the gravity of a part of the damping mass block, so that the friction force f can be reduced; on the contrary, if the device is arranged obliquely downward, the friction force f is increased. The magnitude of the friction force f determines the self-starting threshold value and the damping effect of the tower tube vibration damping structure. Meanwhile, the magnitude of the friction force f also depends on the friction coefficient mu between the damping mass and the bottom plate, the friction coefficient mu is related to the materials of the damping mass and the bottom plate, and in one embodiment of the invention, the friction coefficient mu can be adjusted by lubricating the contact surfaces of the damping mass and the bottom plate. When the amplitude of the tower barrel reaches a certain amplitude, the external load applied to the tower barrel exceeds the friction force f, and at the moment, the damping mass block starts to move to absorb the vibration energy x of the tower barrel2The amplitude of the motion of the damping mass. The spring system is used for adjusting the natural frequency of the motion of the damping mass block, and when the natural frequency of the damping mass block is close to the vibration frequency of the tower barrel, the damping effect is better. In order to ensure the consistency of the damping effect of the damper in the horizontal direction, the spring systems are uniformly arranged in the circumference, and the more the spring groups are, the smaller the damping characteristic changes along with the direction.
Mass m due to damping mass2Mass m compared to a wind turbine tower1The vibration damping structure is a minimum value, so that the tower frequency is not changed by the vibration damping structure. The closer the frequency of the tower drum vibration reduction structure is to the tower drum frequency, the better the damping effect is, and meanwhile, the larger the motion amplitude of the damping mass block is, the larger the required base plate area is.
In the working process of the tower tube vibration reduction structure, the friction force f is a main energy dissipation mechanism, so that the mass m of the damping mass block2The larger the damping effect is, the better the damping effect is, and meanwhile, the requirement on the motion amplitude of the mass block can be correspondingly reduced by the larger mass, so that the spatial arrangement of the damper is optimized.
In summary, in practical applications, the mass of the damping mass block and/or the levelness and number of the spring system, and/or the material of the contact surface between the damping mass block and the bottom plate may be selected according to the actual scene and the design requirement of the wind turbine.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, modifications, and changes can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present invention disclosed herein should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A tower damping structure of a wind driven generator is characterized by comprising:
a damping mass block;
the spring system comprises a plurality of springs which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, wherein one end of each spring is connected to the damping mass block, and the other end of each spring is connected to the inner wall of the tower; and
the base plate is fixed on a tower drum platform or the inner wall of the tower drum, the base plate is configured to support the damping mass block, and the friction coefficient between the base plate and the bottom surface of the damping mass block is determined according to the upper limit of the tower drum vibration amplitude when the damping mass block is kept in a static state.
2. The tower damping structure of claim 1, wherein a levelness of the spring is adjustable.
3. The tower damping structure of claim 1, further comprising a damper horizontally disposed with one end connected to the damping mass and the other end connected to an inner wall of the tower, and in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of springs.
4. The tower damping structure of claim 1, further comprising a limiting cushion pad disposed on the inner wall of the tower corresponding to a connection point of the spring and/or damper with the inner wall of the tower.
5. A method for designing tower drum vibration reduction parameters of a wind driven generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to a preset threshold value and the mass of the damping mass block, determining the levelness and the number of the springs and the friction coefficient between the damping mass block and the bottom plate, and configuring, wherein the preset threshold value refers to the maximum tower drum vibration amplitude for enabling the damping mass block to be static.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110041355.5A CN112878522A (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Tower drum vibration reduction structure of wind driven generator and parameter design method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110041355.5A CN112878522A (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Tower drum vibration reduction structure of wind driven generator and parameter design method thereof |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102498289A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2012-06-13 | 阿尔斯通风力有限个人公司 | System and method for damping vibrations in a wind turbine |
| CN202833843U (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-03-27 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Vibration reduction system used for wind driven generator and wind driven generator |
| CN104878851A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-02 | 福州大学 | Readable compound damper and using method thereof |
| CN209324914U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-08-30 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Damper and wind power generating set |
| CN110259883A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | The damping structure Vibration Absorption Designing method of integral blade disk |
| CN111288113A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-16 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Wide-frequency stable mechanical vibration reduction support of multiple tuned mass dampers |
| WO2020126070A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Esm Energie- Und Schwingungstechnik Mitsch Gmbh | Impulse tuned mass damper for tall, slim structures |
-
2021
- 2021-01-13 CN CN202110041355.5A patent/CN112878522A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102498289A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2012-06-13 | 阿尔斯通风力有限个人公司 | System and method for damping vibrations in a wind turbine |
| CN202833843U (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-03-27 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Vibration reduction system used for wind driven generator and wind driven generator |
| CN104878851A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-02 | 福州大学 | Readable compound damper and using method thereof |
| WO2020126070A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Esm Energie- Und Schwingungstechnik Mitsch Gmbh | Impulse tuned mass damper for tall, slim structures |
| CN209324914U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-08-30 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Damper and wind power generating set |
| CN110259883A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | The damping structure Vibration Absorption Designing method of integral blade disk |
| CN111288113A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-16 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Wide-frequency stable mechanical vibration reduction support of multiple tuned mass dampers |
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