CN112876716B - Method for rapidly preparing high-strength bacterial cellulose paper in large area - Google Patents
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of papermaking, and discloses a method for quickly preparing high-strength bacterial cellulose paper in a large area. The method comprises the following steps: 1) dispersing bacterial cellulose in ethanol or an ethanol solution to obtain a bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid; 2) and (3) uniformly mixing the bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid with a reinforcing agent, a thickening agent, a plasticizing agent and a wet strength agent, coating, drying, and separating out the formed bacterial cellulose paper to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper. The invention uses the film coating process, can prepare high-strength bacterial cellulose paper in a large area, and is easy for industrialization; the method is simple, the film forming time is short, the consumption of chemical reagents is low, and the production cost is low; the bacterial cellulose paper prepared by the method has high content of bacterial cellulose, controllable thickness which can be as thin as 10 mu m, and high mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of papermaking, and particularly relates to a method for preparing high-strength bacterial cellulose paper rapidly in a large area at low cost.
Background
Bacterial cellulose is a special cellulose which is synthesized in vitro by microorganisms such as acetobacter xylinum and is therefore also referred to as microbial cellulose. The microstructure of the bacterial cellulose is formed by interweaving superfine cellulose nano-fibers with the diameter of less than 100nm to form a nano-fiber network. The structure enables the bacterial cellulose to be easy to adsorb, disperse and load other nanometer functional particles. In addition, the bacterial cellulose has high strength, high crystallinity and good hydrophilic performance, and can be combined with water which is 60-700 times heavier than the self-drying weight. Specialty paper made from bacterial cellulose has been successfully applied in food, medicine, chemical, facial mask, paper making, advanced sound equipment, filter membrane permeable membranes, worsted and other aspects.
However, due to the ultra-fine fiber structure and ultra-hydrophilic property of the bacterial cellulose, a dense film is quickly formed to block the meshes in the process of water filtration, and the bacterial cellulose is difficult to dewater, so that the bacterial cellulose cannot be made into paper by using the traditional wet papermaking process like plant fiber. There are two current methods of making bacterial cellulose paper: one is to culture a large area of intact wet bacterial cellulose membrane and then prepare the membrane into a dry membrane by using a heat drying, freeze drying or vacuum drying method. The method has the advantages of high cost, complex process, high production requirement on the bacterial fiber membrane, low yield, poor uniformity of the obtained dry membrane, low flatness and the like. The other method is to compound bacterial cellulose and a large amount of synthetic fibers or plant fibers and then use a wet papermaking process to make composite paper. The content of the bacterial cellulose in the obtained composite paper is low (lower than 30 wt%), and the advantages of the bacterial cellulose raw material cannot be exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing high-strength bacterial cellulose paper rapidly in a large area at low cost. The method can prepare large-area bacterial cellulose paper in a short time, and the used bacterial cellulose raw material can be leftover materials left in the production of other products. And the prepared bacterial cellulose paper has high strength and high bacterial cellulose content. The bacterial cellulose paper has good uniformity and high flatness.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing high-strength bacterial cellulose paper in a fast and large-area mode comprises the following steps:
1) dispersing bacterial cellulose in ethanol or an ethanol solution to obtain a bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid;
2) and (3) uniformly mixing the bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid with a reinforcing agent, a thickening agent, a plasticizing agent and a wet strength agent, coating, drying, and separating out the formed bacterial cellulose paper to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper.
The bacterial cellulose in the step (1) is a bacterial cellulose product, leftover materials of the bacterial cellulose product or bacterial cellulose directly secreted and synthesized by microorganisms; the bacterial cellulose products comprise various bacterial cellulose membranes, bacterial cellulose coconuts and processing scraps produced in factories. The microorganism is one of gluconacetobacter, acetobacter, agrobacterium, pseudomonas, achromobacter, alcaligenes, aerobacter, azotobacter, rhizobium and sarcina. The culture conditions of the microorganisms are static fermentation culture conditions. The ethanol solution in the step (1) is an ethanol water solution with volume fraction of more than or equal to 80%.
The dispersion in the step (1) is to disperse the bacterial cellulose by a standard pulp fluffer or disperse the bacterial cellulose by the fluffer and then carry out ultrasonic treatment.
The concentration of the bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid in the step (1) is 0.6-1.5 wt%, and the concentration refers to the mass ratio of the bacterial cellulose to the ethanol. When the concentration of the bacterial cellulose is less than 0.3 wt%, the pores of the bacterial cellulose paper are too large and the strength is poor.
In the step (2), the reinforcing agent is more than one of cationic starch, cationic polyacrylamide, polyetherimide and derivatives thereof, chitosan and derivatives thereof, nano clay, calcium carbonate or polyvinyl alcohol.
The thickening agent in the step (2) is more than one of modified castor oil thickening agent (model C-20, and the manufacturer is Federal Fine chemical Co., Ltd.) and polyvinyl butyral or polyethylene glycol.
In the step (2), the plasticizer is more than one of glycerol, di-n-butyl phthalate or isopropyl salicylate.
In the step (2), the wet strength agent is more than one of polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin (PAE), polyethyleneimine or urea-formaldehyde resin.
In the step (2), the reinforcing agent accounts for 1-2% of the weight of the paper, the thickening agent accounts for 0.75-1.5% of the weight of the paper, the plasticizing agent accounts for 0.25-1.35% of the weight of the paper, and the wet strength agent accounts for 0.25-1% of the weight of the paper; the paper includes bacterial cellulose, a strengthening agent, a thickening agent, a plasticizer, and a wet strength agent.
The coating film in the step (2) is a coating film on a smooth substrate.
The smooth substrate is one of metal, glass, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene.
The film coating is carried out by using a film coating machine; the coating conditions are that the height of the scraper is 1-2.5 mm and the advancing speed is 0.3-3 m/min.
The drying temperature is 80-100 ℃; the drying time is 25-35 min.
The bacterial cellulose in the step (1) is dried by an oven, and the oven-dried bacterial cellulose can be soaked in ethanol or directly dispersed without being soaked before dispersion; when the tea leaves are soaked in the ethanol, the soaking time is 2-15 hours.
A common dispersing solvent of the bacterial cellulose is water, but the problems of overlong drying time and high energy consumption can occur when a film coating process is carried out by using a bacterial cellulose water dispersion liquid. According to the invention, the dispersion solvent of the bacterial cellulose is replaced by ethanol, and due to the volatility of the ethanol, the drying time of the bacterial cellulose paper is greatly shortened, and the energy consumption is reduced. And the bacterial cellulose paper has high strength.
In addition, although the bacterial cellulose fiber has a thickness of nanometer, hydrogen bonds are easily formed due to a large amount of hydroxyl groups exposed on the surface of the bacterial cellulose fiber, and the bacterial cellulose fiber is long and difficult to completely disperse to form a single fiber during dispersion. If the high-concentration bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid is directly used for blade coating, the problems that the dispersion liquid cannot be uniformly coated and a film is easy to damage can occur. If the bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid with low concentration is used for blade coating, the drying time is greatly prolonged, and the energy consumption is increased. In order to solve the problems, the invention improves the dispersibility of the bacterial cellulose in ethanol by adding the thickening agents such as the modified castor oil thickening agent, the polyvinyl butyral or the polyethylene glycol and the like, so that the ethanol dispersion liquid of the bacterial cellulose forms uniform dispersion liquid with high viscosity and stability, thereby preparing the bacterial cellulose paper with large area in a short time by a coating process under the condition of keeping high concentration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention uses the film coating process, can prepare high-strength bacterial cellulose paper in a large area, avoids the troublesome water filtration problem of the bacterial cellulose paper in wet papermaking, and is easy to industrialize;
2) the method is simple, the film forming time is short, the consumption of chemical reagents is low, the production cost is low, and the industrial feasibility is good;
3) the bacterial cellulose paper prepared by the method has high content of bacterial cellulose, controllable thickness which can be as thin as 10 mu m, and high mechanical strength.
4) Compared with the traditional wet papermaking process, the process has the advantages of no wastewater pollution, simplified process and reduced energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of a bacterial cellulose paper prepared in example 4;
FIG. 2 Electron micrograph of bacterial cellulose prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For process parameters not specifically noted, reference may be made to conventional techniques. The number average molecular weight of the reinforcing agent polyvinyl alcohol is 100000-110000; the polyvinyl alcohol used in the examples was polyvinyl alcohol 124. The number average molecular weight of the thickening agent polyethylene glycol is 1500-; in the examples, the polyethylene glycol has a number average molecular weight of 1800 to 2400, such as: polyethylene glycol 2000. The invention adopts the pulp fluffer, has larger shearing force, and can better destroy hydrogen bonds among bacterial cellulose, so that the bacterial fiber dispersing effect is good. Due to strong acting forces such as hydrogen bonds and the like among the bacterial cellulose, the bacterial cellulose cannot be well dispersed in modes such as ultrasonic and the like.
Example 1
The bacterial cellulose is secreted by acetobacter gluconicum. The bacteria culture medium mainly comprises the following components: 250mL of ultrapure water, 5g of cane sugar, 1.25g of ammonium sulfate, 0.125g of magnesium sulfate, 0.05g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.24g of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.25g of citric acid, 0.5g of mannitol and 0.063g of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using acetic acid, and sterilizing at 100 ℃ for 30 min. The static fermentation culture method is adopted, the culture medium is placed in a container, 8% (V/V) of acetobacter gluconicum is inoculated, and the static culture is carried out for 7 days at the temperature of 30 ℃. The solid content of the obtained bacterial cellulose wet film is 1.5 wt%.
Taking 400g of bacterial cellulose wet film with solid content of 1.5 wt%, and placing the film in a drying oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to be absolute dry; taking 6g of absolutely dry bacterial cellulose, cutting the bacterial cellulose into fragments, and soaking the fragments in 600g of absolute ethyl alcohol for 12 hours; the bacterial cellulose was broken up (5000 rpm) using a standard pulp fluffer to obtain a uniformly dispersed ethanol dispersion of bacterial cellulose at a concentration of 1 wt%.
200g of bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid is taken, 40mg of calcium carbonate, 20mg of modified castor oil thickener (model C-20, the manufacturer is Federal Fine chemical Co., Ltd. in Guangdong), 25mg of glycerol and 100mg of PAE aqueous solution (PAE aqueous solution, solvent is water, the manufacturer is Dow chemical) with the concentration of 12.5 wt% are added, stirring is carried out for 1 hour, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for half an hour to obtain mixed dispersion liquid.
Placing a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as a substrate on a film coating machine, transferring 65g of the prepared mixed dispersion liquid onto the PET film, adjusting the height of a scraper to be 2.5mm, and the advancing speed to be 2m/min, pushing the scraper, and uniformly coating the bacterial cellulose on the PET film. And adjusting the drying temperature of a coating machine to 80 ℃, and completely drying after 30min to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper.
The bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example was in the form of paper. The prepared bacterial cellulose paper has the thickness of 25 mu m and the area of 315cm2The dry tensile strength was 58.6MPa, and the wet tensile strength was 17.6 MPa.
Example 2
Taking bacterial cellulose leftover materials, and placing the bacterial cellulose leftover materials in a drying oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to be absolute dry; taking 6g of absolutely dry bacterial cellulose, cutting the bacterial cellulose into fragments, and soaking the fragments in 750g of 80% ethanol for 12 hours; and (3) scattering the bacterial cellulose by using a standard pulp fluffer to obtain a uniformly dispersed bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.8 wt%.
Taking 250g of bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion, adding 30mg of cationic starch, 25mg of polyethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol 2000), 25mg of di-n-butyl phthalate and 80mg of PAE aqueous solution with the concentration of 12.5 wt%, stirring for 1 hour, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for half an hour to obtain mixed dispersion.
Placing Polyethylene (PE) film as substrate on a film coating machine, transferring 60g of the prepared mixed dispersion liquid onto the PE film, adjusting the height of a scraper to be 1.6mm, and the advancing speed to be 1.5m/min, pushing the scraper, and uniformly coating the bacterial cellulose on the PE film. And adjusting the drying temperature of a coating machine to 85 ℃, and completely drying after 28min to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper.
The bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example was in the form of paper. The prepared bacterial cellulose paper has the thickness of 15 mu m and the area of 368cm2The dry tensile strength was 59.7MPa, and the wet tensile strength was 19.4 MPa.
Example 3
The bacterial cellulose is secreted by acetobacter gluconicum. The bacteria culture medium mainly comprises the following components: 250mL of ultrapure water, 5g of cane sugar, 1.25g of ammonium sulfate, 0.125g of magnesium sulfate, 0.05g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.24g of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.25g of citric acid, 0.5g of mannitol and 0.063g of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using acetic acid, and sterilizing at 100 ℃ for 30 min. A static fermentation culture method is adopted, a culture medium is placed in a container, 8% (V/V) of acetobacter gluconicum is inoculated, standing culture is carried out for 7 days at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the solid content of the obtained bacterial cellulose wet film is 1.5 wt%.
400g of a bacterial cellulose wet film with a solid content of 1.5 wt% was taken and placed in an oven at 60 ℃ to be oven-dried. Taking 6g of absolutely dry bacterial cellulose, cutting the bacterial cellulose into pieces, soaking the pieces in 600g of 90% ethanol for 15 hours, and scattering the bacterial cellulose by using a standard pulp fluffer to obtain a uniformly dispersed bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 1 wt%.
Adding 40mg of nano clay (1 g of water is dispersed before adding) into 250g of bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid, 35mg of polyethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol 2000), 20mg of glycerol and 25mg of polyethyleneimine, stirring for 1 hour, and performing ultrasonic treatment for half an hour to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid.
Placing a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as a substrate on a film coating machine, transferring 70g of the prepared mixed dispersion liquid onto the PET film, adjusting the height of a scraper to be 1.2mm, and the advancing speed to be 2m/min, pushing the scraper, and uniformly coating the bacterial cellulose on the PET film. And adjusting the drying temperature of a film coating machine to 90 ℃, and completely drying after 25min to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper.
The bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example was in the form of paper. Prepared fine powderThe bacterial cellulose paper has a thickness of 10 μm and an area of 480cm2The dry tensile strength was 68.3MPa, and the wet tensile strength was 23.5 MPa.
Example 4
Taking 400g of bacterial cellulose leftover with the solid content of 1.5 wt%, and placing the bacterial cellulose leftover in a drying oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to be absolute dry; taking 6g of absolutely dry bacterial cellulose, cutting the bacterial cellulose into fragments, and soaking the fragments in 500g of absolute ethyl alcohol for 12 hours; and (3) scattering the bacterial cellulose by using a standard pulp fluffer, and treating the dispersion liquid by using ultrasonic waves to obtain a uniformly dispersed bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 1.2 wt%.
Adding 40mg of cationic polyacrylamide, 35mg of polyvinyl butyral (model TB-20, a manufacturer is a new astronomical fine chemical material), 25mg of glycerol and 80mg of PAE aqueous solution with the concentration of 12.5 wt% into 300g of bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion, stirring for 1 hour, and performing ultrasonic treatment for half an hour to obtain a mixed dispersion.
Placing a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as a substrate on a film coating machine, transferring 75g of the prepared mixed dispersion liquid onto the PET film, adjusting the scraping height to be 2mm and the advancing speed to be 2m/min, pushing a scraper, and uniformly coating the bacterial cellulose on the PET film. And adjusting the drying temperature of a coating machine to 80 ℃, and completely drying after 30min to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper.
The bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example was in the form of paper. The prepared bacterial cellulose paper has the thickness of 18 mu m and the area of 513cm2The dry tensile strength was 63.4MPa, and the wet tensile strength was 21.4 MPa. FIG. 1 is a topographical view of the bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example. FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example.
Example 5
Taking 400g of bacterial cellulose leftover with the solid content of 1.5 wt%, and placing the bacterial cellulose leftover in a drying oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to be absolute dry; taking 6g of absolutely dry bacterial cellulose, cutting the bacterial cellulose into fragments, and soaking the fragments in 1000g of absolute ethyl alcohol for 13 hours; and (3) scattering the bacterial cellulose by using a standard pulp fluffer, and treating the dispersion liquid by using ultrasonic waves to obtain a uniformly dispersed bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.6 wt%.
The preparation method comprises the steps of taking 350g of bacterial cellulose ethanol dispersion liquid, adding 40mg of polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinyl alcohol 124), 30mg of modified castor oil thickener (type C-20, the manufacturer is Federal Fine chemical Co., Ltd. in Guangdong), 25mg of glycerol and 20mg of urea resin, stirring for 1 hour, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for half an hour to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid.
Placing a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as a substrate on a film coating machine, transferring 65g of the prepared mixed dispersion liquid onto the PET film, adjusting the height of a scraper to be 2.4mm, and the advancing speed to be 2m/min, pushing the scraper, and uniformly coating the bacterial cellulose on the PET film. And adjusting the drying temperature of a coating machine to 95 ℃, and completely drying after 35min to obtain the bacterial cellulose paper.
The bacterial cellulose paper prepared in this example was in the form of paper. The prepared bacterial cellulose paper has the thickness of 16 mu m and the area of 408cm2The dry tensile strength was 57.6MPa, and the wet tensile strength was 17.9 MPa.
Comparative example 1
The method for preparing the bacterial cellulose paper of this comparative example differs from that of example 4 only in that: the polyvinyl butyral was not added, and the remaining conditions and operation were the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 2
The method for preparing the bacterial cellulose paper of this comparative example differs from that of example 4 only in that: the same conditions and procedures as in example 4 were carried out without addition of the cationic polyacrylamide.
Comparative example 3
The method for preparing the bacterial cellulose paper of this comparative example differs from that of example 4 only in that: the same conditions and procedures as in example 4 were carried out without addition of glycerol.
Comparative example 4
The method for preparing the bacterial cellulose paper of this comparative example differs from that of example 4 only in that: the same conditions and operation as in example 4 were carried out except that no 12.5 wt% aqueous PAE solution was added.
Comparative example 5
The method for preparing the bacterial cellulose paper of this comparative example is different from that of example 4 in that: the dispersion of the bacterial cellulose was deionized water, the added polyvinyl butyral thickener was changed to xanthan gum, and the remaining conditions and operations were the same as in example 4.
The performance tests of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 shows the performance results of the examples and comparative examples
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing high-strength bacterial cellulose paper in a large area rapidly is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) dispersing bacterial cellulose in ethanol or an ethanol solution to obtain a bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid;
2) uniformly mixing the bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid with a reinforcing agent, a thickening agent, a plasticizing agent and a wet strength agent, coating, drying, and separating out formed bacterial cellulose paper to obtain bacterial cellulose paper;
the ethanol solution in the step (1) is ethanol water solution with volume fraction more than or equal to 80%; the concentration of the bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid in the step (1) is 0.6-1.5 wt%;
in the step (2), the reinforcing agent accounts for 1-2% of the mass of the paper, the thickening agent accounts for 0.75-1.5% of the mass of the paper, the plasticizing agent accounts for 0.25-1.35% of the mass of the paper, and the wet strength agent accounts for 0.25-1% of the mass of the paper; the mass of the paper is the total mass of the bacterial cellulose, the reinforcing agent, the thickening agent, the plasticizing agent and the wet strength agent;
the reinforcing agent in the step (2) is more than one of cationic starch, cationic polyacrylamide, polyetherimide and derivatives thereof, chitosan and derivatives thereof, nano clay, calcium carbonate or polyvinyl alcohol;
the thickening agent in the step (2) is more than one of modified castor oil thickening agent, polyvinyl butyral or polyethylene glycol;
in the step (2), the plasticizer is more than one of glycerol, di-n-butyl phthalate or isopropyl salicylate;
in the step (2), the wet strength agent is more than one of polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, polyethyleneimine or urea resin.
2. The method for rapid, large area production of high strength bacterial cellulose paper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dispersion in the step (1) is to disperse the bacterial cellulose by a standard pulp fluffer or disperse the bacterial cellulose by the fluffer and then carry out ultrasonic treatment.
3. The method for rapid, large area production of high strength bacterial cellulose paper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bacterial cellulose in the step (1) is various bacterial cellulose membranes, bacterial cellulose coconuts, processing leftover materials or bacterial cellulose directly secreted and synthesized by microorganisms.
4. The method for rapid, large area production of high strength bacterial cellulose paper according to claim 3, characterized in that: the microorganism is one of gluconacetobacter, acetobacter, agrobacterium, pseudomonas, achromobacter, alcaligenes, aerobacter, azotobacter, rhizobium and sarcina;
the culture condition of the microorganism is a static fermentation culture condition.
5. The method for rapid, large area production of high strength bacterial cellulose paper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coating in the step (2) is coating on a smooth substrate;
coating in the step (2) by using a coating machine; the coating conditions are that the height of the scraper is 1-2.5 mm and the advancing speed is 0.3-3 m/min.
6. The method for rapid, large area production of high strength bacterial cellulose paper according to claim 5, characterized in that: the smooth substrate is one of metal, glass, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene.
7. The method for rapid, large area production of high strength bacterial cellulose paper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying temperature is 80-100 ℃; the drying time is 25-35 min.
8. A high strength bacterial cellulose paper obtainable by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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