CN112875811B - Method for preparing electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by using waste tires - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46128—Bipolar electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
- C02F2001/46138—Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
- C02F2001/46142—Catalytic coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
- C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
- C02F2001/46161—Porous electrodes
- C02F2001/46166—Gas diffusion electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by utilizing waste tires, and belongs to the field of novel electrocatalytic oxidation reactors and sewage treatment. The invention takes a titanium-based metal oxide coating as an anode, takes a metal mesh as a matrix, modifies waste tire carbon and hydrophobic modifiers (polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride) to prepare an electrode catalyst layer, forms an electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode with a 'gas-solid-liquid' three-phase interface and stable oxygen reduction potential as a cathode, constructs an electrocatalytic oxidation reactor and is used for a sewage treatment process. The invention firstly crushes and carbonizes the waste tires, and prepares the homogeneous gas diffusion electrode after activation treatment and modification, the electrode has the advantages of high oxygen mass transfer efficiency, more active sites of electrocatalysis reaction and the like, so that the waste tire resources are reasonably recycled, and the electrode has great application value in the fields of electrochemical catalysis treatment of heterocyclic pollutants difficult to degrade in sewage and resource utilization of waste tires.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of waste tire gas diffusion electrode electrocatalytic oxidation electrode preparation and novel electrocatalytic reactor sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by using a waste tire and application of the method in treatment of refractory heterocyclic organic pollutants by an electrocatalytic method.
Background
In the face of many emerging, difficult-to-degrade pollutants, advanced oxidation technologies are gaining increasing attention. The electro-Fenton technology is to utilize the anode to catalyze and oxidize organic pollutants and the cathode to reduce Fe in situ 3+ And O 2 The hydrogen peroxide is produced to degrade the combination of organic pollutants, wherein the development of cathode electrode materials is the key point of the research on improving the electrochemical oxidation efficiency.
With the continuous development of the tire industry, waste tires have become a worldwide environmental problem. Statistically, over 12 million second-hand tires are thrown away each year and over 40 million tires are stacked or landfilled worldwide. The large amount of waste tires not only pollutes the environment and endangers the health of human beings, but also is a great waste of potentially valuable carbon-rich resources. Meanwhile, waste tires are not easily biodegradable, and storage also has the potential of serious fire (Liu, X.; Huang, F.; Yu, Y.; Zhao, P.; Zhou, Y.; He, Y.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Ofloxacin degradation over Cu-Ce type carbon catalysts by the microwave applied fire process, applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2019,253, 149-. Thus, pyrolysis is an efficient, environmentally friendly recovery method for converting scrap tires to activated carbon (TC). Furthermore, an important advantage of tire carbon is its low cost. The cost of tire carbon is less than $ 120/ton compared to $ 3000/ton of commercial activated carbon.
In the prior art, the material cost of the gas diffusion electrode is high, and the yield of hydrogen peroxide still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the practical problems of high cost of the existing cathode material and environmental pollution of waste tires, the invention provides the method for preparing the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by using the waste tire carbon, which has the advantages of high oxygen utilization rate, high electrocatalytic efficiency and good stability and is beneficial to environmental protection.
The invention develops and designs the preparation of a waste tire gas diffusion electrode, and the tire carbon obtained by carbonizing waste tires is activated, so that the particles are rich in oxygen-containing functional groups (C-O-C/C-OH and HO-C ═ O), active sites are improved, the generation of oxygen reduction reaction is facilitated, the yield of hydrogen peroxide is improved, the electrochemical efficiency and the electrocatalytic effect are improved, and the preparation method has very important significance for improving the effect of electrocatalytic treatment on difficultly-degraded organic wastewater, the recycling of waste resources and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for preparing an electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by using waste tires is characterized by comprising the following steps: activating the waste tire carbon by using an activating agent with a certain concentration to obtain activated tire carbon (the activated tire carbon is used as a catalyst when the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode is prepared), adding carbon black, a hydrophobic modifier and alcohol, uniformly mixing, drying to form a paste, pressing the paste on the surface of a matrix, and sintering at a high temperature to obtain the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode; wherein the hydrophobic modifier is polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride dispersion (i.e., emulsion); the activating agent is concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, mixed acid consisting of the concentrated nitric acid and the concentrated sulfuric acid or KOH.
Preferably, the method comprises the following specific steps:
For example, the matrix is a nickel net, one of the balls is placed on the matrix, the matrix is uniformly pressed for 1-2 times by a tablet press, and the other layer is pressed by the other ball in the turning process: placing one of the balls in the center of the nickel net, uniformly pressing the ball for 1-2 times by a tablet press (forming a layer on the nickel net by pressing, wherein one layer is formed by the ball), turning the nickel net over, and then pressing the other layer by using the other ball (placing the other ball in the center of the turned nickel net, uniformly pressing the other layer on the turned nickel net for 1-2 times by the tablet press to form the other layer which is formed by the other ball), wherein in the tabletting process, hot pressing is carried out (the hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃), the tabletting pressure is 15MPa, the tabletting time is 15-20 s each time, and the pressing frequency of one ball is the same as that of the other ball.
Preferably, the mesh size of the metal screen in the step 1 is 100-300 meshes (for example, if the mesh size of the metal screen is 300 meshes, the sorted waste tire carbon is composed of waste tire carbon particles smaller than 300 meshes), the ratio of the activating agent nitric acid to the waste tire carbon is 15-50 mL/g, the reflux activation temperature is 85 ℃, and the reflux activation time is 1 h.
Further, the activating agent in step 1 includes, but is not limited to, 12M concentrated nitric acid, 6M concentrated sulfuric acid, and a mixed acid thereof, and may also be KOH powder. When the activating agent is an acid, the activation refers to acidification, and the obtained activated tire carbon is acidified tire carbon.
Preferably, step 1: the washing process is successively washed by 100mL of ethanol and 100mL of distilled water; in the step 1, the drying temperature is 70 ℃.
Preferably, step 2: the activated tire carbon is 0.2g in mass, the carbon black is 0.2g in mass, the hydrophobic modifier is 60 wt.% of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid (polytetrafluoroethylene is dispersed in water), the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid (Aladdin, 60 wt.%) is 1mL, and the ethanol is 10 mL; the ultrasonic treatment time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃.
Preferably, step 2: the tabletting pressure is 15MPa, the tabletting time is 15-20 s each time, the hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃, the thickness of the prepared cathode electrode plate is 40mm, and the aperture of the metal mesh substrate is 200 meshes.
Further, step 3: the roasting temperature is 350 ℃, and the heating rate is 2-3 ℃ min -1 The roasting time is 60min (namely according to the temperature of 2-3 ℃ for min) -1 The temperature rising rate is increased to 350 ℃, and the mixture is roasted for 60min at the temperature of 350 ℃).
The invention also provides the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode prepared by the method and application of the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode in electrochemical catalytic treatment of refractory heterocyclic pollutants in sewage.
The waste tire is firstly crushed by a crusher, steel wires and particles are sorted out, the particles are ground into powder by a grinder, and the powder is pyrolyzed in a tube furnace (the pyrolysis temperature is 550 ℃) to prepare the waste tire carbon. Wherein the process for preparing the waste tire carbon is the prior art. After the obtained waste tire carbon is sorted by a metal sieve, activating the sorted waste tire carbon by using an activating agent with a certain concentration, adding an alcohol solution of a hydrophobic modifier (polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride) into the mixture, performing ultrasonic mixing, drying the mixture to form a paste, and pressing the paste on the surface of a metal mesh (a nickel mesh, a stainless steel mesh and a titanium mesh) or a carbon cloth substrate by using high-pressure tabletting equipment to obtain a super-hydrophobic gas diffusion electrode catalytic electrode; and the composite conductive metal net is used as a current collector (an anode consisting of a titanium-based metal oxide coating) to construct an electrocatalytic oxidation electrode.
The invention takes titanium-based metal oxide coating (iridium dioxide and ruthenium dioxide) as an anode; the method is characterized in that a metal net (a nickel net, a stainless steel net and a titanium net) is used as a matrix, the waste tire carbon and hydrophobic modifier (polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride) are activated and modified to prepare a catalyst layer, an electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode with a gas-solid-liquid three-phase interface and high hydrogen peroxide yield is formed to serve as a cathode, and an electrocatalytic oxidation reactor is constructed and used for a sewage treatment process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
the gas diffusion electrode for the waste tire provided by the invention has the advantages that tire waste resources are reasonably recycled, and the gas diffusion electrode has high environmental value. The optimal modified material is obtained by activating and modifying the waste tire carbon, so that the particles are rich in oxygen-containing functional groups (C-O-C/C-OH and HO-C ═ O), active sites are improved, the yield of hydrogen peroxide is increased, the electrode has the advantages of high oxygen mass transfer efficiency, more active sites for electrocatalytic reaction and the like, and the electrode has great application value in the field of electrochemical treatment of refractory heterocyclic pollutants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an image of a waste tire gas diffusion electrode obtained in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of cyclic voltammograms of electrodes prepared from different tire carbons obtained in examples 1 to 2 of the present invention, wherein unmodified means that the waste tire carbons are not subjected to nitric acid acidification, and modified means that the waste tire carbons are subjected to nitric acid acidification for 1 hour;
FIG. 3 shows electrodes H prepared from different tire carbons in examples 1 to 2 of the present invention 2 O 2 The yield changes along with time, wherein unmodified means that the waste tire carbon is not acidized by nitric acid, and modified means that the waste tire carbon is acidized by nitric acid for 1 hour;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the degradation degree of tinidazole contaminant with time at different current densities in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Cutting a nickel net (200 meshes) into a size of 4cm by 4cm, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in deionized water for 30min, and drying at 80 ℃ for 1h (the pretreatment process of the nickel net for tabletting). The method comprises the following steps of carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a mixed solution of 0.2g of waste tire carbon, 0.2g of carbon black, 1mL of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion (Aladdin, 60 wt.%) and 10mL of ethanol for 30min, and then heating and drying at 80 ℃ to form a paste. And (3) twisting the paste into two small balls with uniform sizes to be tabletted, placing one of the small balls in the center of a nickel screen, uniformly pressing for 2 times by using a tabletting machine, turning over the nickel screen, and then pressing another layer by using the other small ball (uniformly pressing for 2 times), wherein the tabletting pressure is 15MPa, the tabletting time is 18s each time, and the hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃. After pressing is finished, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace for roasting, wherein the roasting temperature is 350 ℃, and the heating rate is 2-3 ℃ for min -1 And roasting for 60min to obtain the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode (cathode) with the electrode plate thickness of 40 mm. The used waste tire charcoal in example 1 was waste tire charcoal sorted by a 300-mesh metal sieve.
Example 2
After the waste tire carbon is screened by a 300-mesh metal screen, 5g of the sorted waste tire carbon is weighed, 250mL of 12M concentrated nitric acid is added, the mixture is refluxed and acidified for 1h by a distillation device, naturally cooled, filtered by suction filtration, washed by 100mL of ethanol and 100mL of distilled water successively until the mixture is completely washedAnd (5) neutralizing, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain the acidified tire carbon. The method comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a mixed solution of 0.2g of acidified tire carbon (acidified for 1 hour), 0.2g of carbon black, 1mL of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion (Aladdin, 60 wt.%) and ethanol for 30min, and then heating and drying the mixed solution at 80 ℃ to form a paste. The paste is taken and twisted into two small balls with uniform size to be tabletted, one of the small balls is placed in the center of a nickel screen (nickel screen pretreatment process, same as example 1), the small balls are uniformly pressed for 2 times (hot pressing) through a tabletting machine, then the nickel screen is turned over, and the other layer is pressed by the other small ball (uniformly pressed for 2 times), wherein the tabletting pressure is 15MPa, the tabletting time is 18s each time, and the hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃. After pressing is finished, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace for roasting, wherein the roasting temperature is 350 ℃, and the heating rate is 2-3 ℃ for min -1 And roasting for 60min to obtain the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode with the electrode plate thickness of 40 mm.
FIG. 1 is an image of a modified used tire gas diffusion electrode obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows electrodes H prepared from different tire carbons in examples 1 to 2 of the present invention 2 O 2 Change in yield over time.
In the examples, the electrochemical performance of unmodified and modified tire carbon (acidified for 1h) electrodes was compared. 250mL of anhydrous sodium sulfate solution with the concentration of 50mM is prepared, Ag/AgCl is used as a reference electrode, a metal platinum wire is used as a counter electrode, an electrochemical workstation is used for testing the cyclic voltammograms of unmodified and modified tire carbon under the same geometric area, and the electrochemical performances of different electrodes are compared under the same scanning speed. To obtain: after the tire carbon is modified by nitric acid acidification, the integral area of a scanned cyclic voltammogram is larger, more active potentials are provided, and the electrocatalytic activity is better.
FIG. 3 shows electrodes H prepared from different tire carbons in examples 1 to 2 of the present invention 2 O 2 Change in yield over time. Identical with an electrochemical experiment, the yield of the hydrogen peroxide is higher, the yield is high and is more stable after the hydrogen peroxide is acidified and modified by nitric acid for 1 h.
Example 3
After the waste tire carbon is screened by a 300-mesh metal screen, 5g of the sorted waste tire carbon is weighed, added with 250mL of 12M concentrated nitric acid, refluxed and acidified by a distillation device for 3 hours, and naturally cooledFiltering, washing with 100mL of ethanol and 100mL of distilled water in sequence until the mixture is neutral, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain the acidified tire carbon. The method comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a mixed solution of 0.2g of acidified tire carbon (acidified for 3 hours), 0.2g of carbon black, 1mL of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion (Aladdin, 60 wt.%) and ethanol for 30min, and then heating and drying the mixed solution at 80 ℃ to form a paste. The paste is taken and twisted into two small balls with uniform size to be tabletted, one of the small balls is placed in the center of a nickel screen (nickel screen pretreatment process, same as example 1), the small balls are uniformly pressed for 2 times (hot pressing) through a tabletting machine, then the nickel screen is turned over, and the other layer is pressed by the other small ball (uniformly pressed for 2 times), wherein the tabletting pressure is 15MPa, the tabletting time is 18s each time, and the hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃. After pressing is finished, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace for roasting, wherein the roasting temperature is 350 ℃, and the heating rate is 2-3 ℃ for min -1 And roasting for 60min to obtain the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode with the electrode plate thickness of about 40 mm.
Example 4
After the waste tire carbon is screened by a 300-mesh metal screen, 5g of the sorted waste tire carbon is weighed, 250mL of 12M concentrated nitric acid is added, the mixture is refluxed and acidified for 6 hours by a distillation device, and then is naturally cooled, filtered by suction filtration, washed to be neutral by 100mL of ethanol and 100mL of distilled water, and dried at 70 ℃ to obtain the acidified tire carbon. The method comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a mixed solution of 0.2g of acidified tire carbon (acidified for 6 hours), 0.2g of carbon black, 1mL of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion (Aladdin, 60 wt.%) and ethanol for 30min, and then heating and drying the mixed solution at 80 ℃ to form a paste. The paste is taken to be twisted into two small balls with uniform size to be tabletted, one of the small balls is placed in the center of a nickel screen (nickel screen pretreatment process, same as example 1), the small balls are uniformly pressed for 2 times (hot pressing) through a tabletting machine, then the nickel screen is turned over, and the other small ball is used for pressing another layer, wherein the tabletting pressure is 15MPa, the tabletting time is 18s each time, and the hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃. After pressing is finished, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace for roasting, wherein the roasting temperature is 350 ℃, and the heating rate is 2-3 ℃ for min -1 And roasting for 60min to obtain the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode with the electrode plate thickness of about 40 mm.
Electrochemical performance comparisons were made for the different acidification time tire carbon electrodes obtained in examples 2-4. 250mL of anhydrous sodium sulfate solution with the concentration of 50mM and Ag/AgCl ofAnd (3) a reference electrode and a metal platinum wire are used as counter electrodes, an electrochemical workstation is used for testing the cyclic voltammograms of the tire carbon at different acidification times under the same geometric area, and the electrochemical performances of different electrodes are compared under the same scanning speed. To obtain: the shorter the tire carbon acidification time is, the larger the integral area of the scanned cyclic voltammogram is, wherein the acidification time is 1h, the best effect is achieved, more active potentials are provided, and the electrocatalytic activity is better. Comparative examples 2-4H of electrodes prepared from tire carbons with different acidification periods 2 O 2 The acidification time is short and the yield of hydrogen peroxide is higher along with the change of the yield of time. Compared with the prior art, the yield is high and stable when the tire is carbonized and acidified for 1 hour.
Example 5
Through the embodiments 1-4, the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated by the modified tire carbon (acidified for 1 hour) is increased to nearly two times. Therefore, the prepared electrode (the electrode prepared in example 2) is used in the degradation process of pollutant Tinidazole (TNZ), and the initial concentration of tinidazole is 100mg L -1 pH 3, Fe 2+ The concentration was 1mM and the electrolyte sodium sulfate was 50 mM. The current density is 10-40 mA cm -2 The flow rate is 250mL min -1 Aeration rate of 2L min -1 As shown in fig. 4, the higher the current density, the better the degradation effect of the contaminant, and the higher the degradation rate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The application of preparing the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by utilizing the waste tire in electrochemically catalyzing and treating the heterocyclic pollutants difficult to degrade in sewage is characterized in that: the method for preparing the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode by utilizing the waste tires comprises the following steps: treating waste tire carbon by using an activating agent with a certain concentration to obtain activated tire carbon, adding carbon black, a hydrophobic modifier and alcohol, uniformly mixing, drying to form a paste, pressing on the surface of a matrix, and sintering at a high temperature to obtain an electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode; wherein the hydrophobic modifier is polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride dispersion; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, screening and selecting waste tire carbon by using a metal screen, drying for later use, weighing the sorted waste tire carbon, adding a certain amount of activating agent for activation, washing the activated tire carbon to be neutral by using ethanol and distilled water, and drying to obtain activated tire carbon;
step 2, ultrasonically mixing the obtained activated tire carbon, carbon black, a hydrophobic modifier and ethanol in proportion, and heating and drying the mixture to obtain paste; kneading the paste into two balls with uniform size, placing one ball on a substrate, uniformly pressing for 1-2 times by a hot press, and turning over to press another layer; after pressing, roasting to prepare a cathode electrode plate; the substrate is a metal net or a carbon cloth;
the mesh of the metal sieve in the step 1 is 300 meshes, the ratio of the nitric acid as an activating agent to the waste tire carbon is 15-50 mL/g, the reflux activation temperature is 85 ℃, and the reflux activation time is 1 h;
the activating agent in the step 1 is concentrated nitric acid;
step 2, tabletting pressure is 15MPa, tabletting time is 15-20 s each time, and hot pressing temperature is 60 ℃;
crushing the waste tires by using a crusher, sorting out steel wires and particles, grinding the particles into powder by using a grinder, and pyrolyzing the powder in a tube furnace to prepare waste tire carbon at the pyrolysis temperature of 550 ℃;
the electrocatalytic gas diffusion electrode serves as the cathode.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the step 1 washing process is washed with 100mL ethanol followed by 100mL distilled water; in the step 1, the drying temperature is 70 ℃.
3. The use of claim 1, wherein the activated tire carbon of step 2 has a mass of 0.2g, the carbon black has a mass of 0.2g, the hydrophobic modifier is polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion, the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion is 1mL, and the ethanol is 10 mL; the ultrasonic treatment time is 30min, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃.
4. The use of claim 1, wherein the cathode electrode sheet prepared in step 2 has a thickness of 40mm, and the aperture of the metal mesh substrate is 200 meshes; the metal net is a nickel net, a stainless steel net or a titanium net.
5. The application of claim 1, wherein the roasting temperature in the step 2 is 350 ℃, the heating rate is 2-3 ℃/min, and the roasting time is 60 min.
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