CN112871094A - Fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents
Fluidized bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112871094A CN112871094A CN202110048617.0A CN202110048617A CN112871094A CN 112871094 A CN112871094 A CN 112871094A CN 202110048617 A CN202110048617 A CN 202110048617A CN 112871094 A CN112871094 A CN 112871094A
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
- B01J2219/00081—Tubes
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of fluidized bed reactors, and discloses a fluidized bed reactor, wherein each three heat exchange tubes are in a small group, the main tubes of the three heat exchange tubes in each group are parallel to each other, and the bottoms of the bottom tubes of the three heat exchange tubes are flush, connected end to end and staggered to form an equilateral triangle; in the heat exchange tube, the outer surface of a bottom tube is provided with a cambered surface bulge, two ends of the bottom tube are respectively communicated with the bottoms of the wear-resistant tubes on two sides, and the tops of the wear-resistant tubes on two sides are respectively communicated with the bottoms of the main tubes on two sides; the bottom pipe is a U-shaped pipe, and the wear-resistant pipes on the two sides are straight pipes; or the bottom pipe is a J-shaped inclined pipe, the wear-resistant pipes on the two sides are obtuse-angle bending pipes which have the same obtuse angle and are bent towards the same direction, the upper parts of the two wear-resistant pipes are straight pipes which are coaxially connected with the main pipes on the two sides, the lower parts of the two wear-resistant pipes are inclined pipes which are inclined towards the same direction, and the straight pipes and the inclined pipes form an obtuse angle. The invention can effectively improve the wear resistance of the heat exchange tube and prolong the service life of the whole heat exchange tube.
Description
Description of the cases
The invention relates to a divisional application with application date of 2018, 12 and 4, application number of 2018114735001 and title of an impact-resistant heat exchange tube and a fluidized bed reactor comprising the same.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fluidized bed reactors, in particular to a fluidized bed reactor.
Background
Organosilicon is a relatively monopolized industry, and the production technology and equipment of the organosilicon are always technically blocked for China for a long time. The organosilicon fluidized bed reactor is one of the key devices for producing organosilicon. In the fluidized bed reactor, gaseous chloromethane and solid silicon powder react to generate organic silicon monomer. The reaction of methyl chloride and silicon powder is carried out at a high temperature of more than 350 ℃, the heat generated by the reaction is large, the reaction heat needs to be removed from the reactor in time so as to ensure that the reaction is carried out smoothly and safely, the reaction process of generating the organic silicon monomer is a gas-solid reaction, and the heat transfer efficiency in the reactor is low. Therefore, the research and development of an efficient organosilicon fluidized bed reactor can quickly remove heat in the reactor, overcome the defects of local overheating of the fluidized bed, uneven radial temperature distribution and improvement of reaction conversion rate, and become an important measure for improving comprehensive competitiveness in the organosilicon industry. Therefore, the heat exchange tube bundle is especially important for regulating and controlling the temperature inside the reactor in the whole reaction production process.
When the equipment works, as shown in figure 1, silicon powder falls from the top, chloromethane gas goes upwards from the bottom, the silicon powder has certain hardness, the impact friction of the silicon powder on the heat exchange tube under the action of gravity and gas drive is serious, and the heat exchange tube is easy to damage due to friction. In particular, as shown in fig. 2, the wear amount at the U-shaped tube at the bottom of the heat exchange tube is the largest, and when the height of the heat exchange tube is less than 3 meters, the wear amount is larger, and the wear amount shows a gradually decreasing rule as the tube height increases. When the height of the tube reaches about 5 meters, the abrasion loss of the heat exchange tube tends to be stable. When the height of the heat exchange pipe is more than 5m, the abrasion amount is almost maintained. The traditional heat exchange tube bundle is made of carbon steel, so that local abrasion is too fast, and the overall service life is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fluidized bed reactor which can effectively improve the wear resistance of a heat exchange tube and prolong the whole service life.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an impact-resistant heat exchange tube which comprises main tubes on two sides of the upper part, wear-resistant tubes on two sides of the lower part and a bottom tube, wherein the outer surface of the bottom tube is provided with a cambered surface bulge, two ends of the bottom tube are respectively communicated with the bottoms of the wear-resistant tubes on two sides, and the tops of the wear-resistant tubes on two sides are respectively communicated with the bottoms of the main tubes on two sides.
Preferably, the bottom pipe is a U-shaped pipe, and the wear-resistant pipes on the two sides are straight pipes; or the bottom pipe is a J-shaped inclined pipe, and the wear-resistant pipes on the two sides are obtuse-angle bending pipes which have the same obtuse angle and are bent towards the same direction.
Further, if the bottom pipe is a J-shaped inclined pipe, the upper parts of the two wear-resistant pipes are straight pipes coaxially connected with the main pipes on the two sides, the lower parts of the two wear-resistant pipes are inclined pipes inclined towards the same direction, and an obtuse angle is formed between each straight pipe and each inclined pipe; the two ends of the J-shaped inclined pipes are coaxially communicated with the two inclined pipes respectively, the longer side of the J-shaped inclined pipe is located below the inclined pipes, and the grooves formed by the J-shaped inclined pipes are right opposite to the two sides of the wear-resistant pipe and the two sides of the space formed between the main pipes. The J-shaped inclined tube is made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy material, the longer side of the J-shaped inclined tube is arranged at the lower part, the upper part of the J-shaped inclined tube faces to the space between the wear-resistant tube and the main tube, and the J-shaped inclined tube bears the particle flow impact grinding of the upper part and the lower part; the shorter side is positioned at the upper part and receives the particle flow above and the particle backflow inside the J-shaped inclined tube.
Furthermore, an anti-impact wear-resistant sleeve is wrapped on the outer surface of the joint of the upper straight pipe and the lower inclined pipe on the wear-resistant pipe communicated with the longer side of the J-shaped inclined pipe. The wear-resistant pipe and the impact-resistant wear-resistant sleeve are made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy material with better quality, the bending part of the wear-resistant pipe connected with the lower part of the J-shaped inclined pipe is impacted more, and the impact resistance of the part can be effectively improved by arranging the impact-resistant wear-resistant sleeve at the bending part.
Preferably, the impact-resistant wear-resistant sleeve consists of an impact-resistant upper sleeve, an impact-resistant lower sleeve and a fixed hoop sheet, the impact-resistant upper sleeve and the impact-resistant lower sleeve are respectively positioned above and below the wear-resistant pipe, and two sides of the impact-resistant upper sleeve and the impact-resistant lower sleeve are respectively fixedly connected through the fixed hoop sheet. The impact-resistant wear-resistant sleeve with the structure is convenient to disassemble and replace.
Preferably, the sum of the heights of the wear-resistant pipe and the bottom pipe is 5 m. Because the abrasion loss tends to be stable when the sum of the tube heights of the abrasion-resistant tube and the bottom tube reaches about 5 meters, and the abrasion loss is almost kept unchanged when the height is more than 5 meters. Therefore, the sum of the heights of the wear-resistant pipe and the bottom pipe is set to be 5m, so that the heat exchange effect can be maximized, and the wear stability can be guaranteed to the greatest extent.
Preferably, the included angle between the J-shaped inclined tube and the main tube is 45 degrees. The inclined arrangement of 45 degrees between J shape pipe chute and the main part pipe can reduce vertical impact when guaranteeing to receive the increase of impact area, improves anti impact wear ability.
Preferably, the cambered surface bulges are arranged on the outer surface of the bottom tube side by side at an angle of 45 degrees and are staggered in the horizontal direction. The arrangement mode of the cambered surface protrusions on the surface of the bottom pipe can reflect particle flows in the vertical direction in a staggered mode to the maximum extent.
The invention also provides a fluidized bed reactor comprising the impact-resistant heat exchange tube, which comprises a cavity and a plurality of heat exchange tubes vertically arranged in the cavity, wherein each three heat exchange tubes are in a small group, the main tubes of the three heat exchange tubes in each small group are parallel to each other, the bottoms of the bottom tubes of the three heat exchange tubes are flush, connected end to end and staggered, and the head-to-tail connection points of the three bottom tubes form an equilateral triangle.
Preferably, every six subgroups of heat exchange tubes constitute a large group of regular hexagons.
Preferably, in the cavity, all the heat exchange tubes form a heat exchange tube bundle which is in a regular hexagon integrally.
Furthermore, at least one heat exchange tube is respectively arranged on the outer sides of six edges of the regular hexagonal heat exchange tube bundle and on the inner side of the cavity.
Has the advantages that: in the invention, when the particle flow and the particles are refluxed and impacted on the cambered surface bulge on the surface of the bottom tube, the particles are reflected so as to change the direction and reduce the speed, and particularly for adherent particle flow, the continuous friction time and the friction strength of each silicon powder particle on the surface of the heat exchange tube are reduced; in addition, when the adherent particle flow of the existing structure moves along the surface of the heat exchange tube, the silicon powder particles are not sufficiently contacted with methyl chloride while continuously wearing; and the protruding bottom tube surface of cambered surface forms diffuse reflection effect to the silica flour granule covered with in this application, makes the silica flour granule more abundant with methyl chloride contact.
The traditional arrangement mode of the heat exchange tube bundle is that the inner cavities of the reactor are arranged in parallel at will, the space utilization rate and the heat exchange efficiency are low, and only 2-4 heat exchange tubes are arranged around each reaction space around a pipeline for heat exchange; in the reactor, a triangular reaction space is arranged in the middle of each triangular small group in the inner cavity of the reactor, a hexagonal reaction space is arranged in the middle of each hexagonal large group, and 6 heat exchange tubes are uniformly distributed around each triangular reaction space and each hexagonal reaction space, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved; the larger reaction space enables the flow of the reactants to be smoother, and the reaction efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating friction between silicon powder and a heat exchange tube in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a relationship between the height of a heat exchange tube and the wear;
fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of an impact-resistant heat exchange tube in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the arc protrusions on the surface of the bottom tube;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the impact wear of the impact resistant heat exchange tube in embodiment 1;
fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic view of an impact-resistant heat exchange tube in embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the impact wear of the impact resistant heat exchange tube in embodiment 2;
fig. 8 is a partial structural view of an impact-resistant heat exchange tube in embodiment 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an impact resistant wear sleeve;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an impact wear resistant sleeve;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of an impact wear resistant sleeve;
FIG. 12 is a bottom view of a small group of heat exchange tubes in the reactor of embodiment 4;
FIG. 13 is a plan view showing an arrangement of a small group of heat exchange tubes in the reactor in accordance with embodiment 4;
FIG. 14 is a bottom view showing the arrangement of the heat exchange tubes as a whole in the reactor in embodiment 4;
FIG. 15 is a bottom view of an arrangement of heat exchange tubes in a conventional reactor;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the lower portion of the heat exchange tube bundle in the reactor;
fig. 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat exchange tube which is least subject to impact wear in the reactor in embodiment 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
the embodiment provides an impact-resistant heat exchange tube, as shown in fig. 3, which mainly comprises a main tube 1, a straight wear-resistant tube 2 and a U-shaped bottom tube 3, wherein two ends of the bottom tube 3 are respectively communicated with the bottom end of one section of wear-resistant tube 2, and the top ends of two sections of wear-resistant tubes 2 are respectively communicated with the main tubes 1 on two sides; as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of arc protrusions 4 arranged side by side at 45 ° and staggered horizontally are provided on the outer surface of the bottom tube 3. The wear-resistant pipe 2 and the bottom pipe 3 are both made of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy materials.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the impact-resistant wear of the impact-resistant heat exchange tube in the present embodiment, when a particle flow and particles are subjected to backflow impact on the arc-shaped protrusions 4 on the surface of the bottom tube 3, the particles are reflected to change the direction and reduce the speed, and particularly for an adherent particle flow, the continuous friction time and the friction strength of each silicon powder particle on the surface of the heat exchange tube are reduced; in addition, when the adherent particle flow of the existing structure moves along the surface of the heat exchange tube, the silicon powder particles are not sufficiently contacted with methyl chloride while continuously wearing; and the bottom tube 3 surface that is covered with cambered surface arch 4 in this application forms diffuse reflection to the silica powder granule, makes the silica powder granule more abundant with the contact of chloromethane.
Embodiment 2:
the present embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and the main improvement is that in embodiment 1, the bottom tube 3 is a U-shaped tube, the vertical impact force of the particle flow from top to bottom is large, and the impacted area of the U-shaped bottom tube 3 is small, so that the overall impact wear resistance of the heat exchange tube is reduced. In the present embodiment, however, the above-described drawbacks can be effectively solved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the base pipe 3 is a J-shaped inclined pipe which is inclined at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the main pipe, the lower portion of the J-shaped inclined pipe is a longer side, and the upper portion thereof is a shorter end, and the base pipe is adapted thereto, and the wear-resistant pipes 2 whose upper both sides communicate with both ends of the base pipe 3 are also designed to be obtuse-angle bending pipes which have the same obtuse angle and are bent in the same direction, the upper portion of the obtuse-angle bending pipe is a straight pipe 201 which coaxially communicates with the corresponding main pipe 1, the lower portion thereof is an inclined pipe 202 which coaxially communicates with the corresponding base pipe 3, an obtuse angle is formed between the straight pipe 201 and the inclined pipe 202, and the groove formed by the J-shaped inclined pipe faces the space formed between the wear-resistant pipes 2 on. The sum of the heights of the wear-resistant pipe 2 and the bottom pipe 3 is 5 m.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube subjected to impact wear in the present embodiment, and it can be seen that, compared with the U-shaped bottom tube 3 in embodiment 1, because the bottom tube 3 in the present embodiment is a J-shaped inclined tube, the bottom tube can be effectively prevented from being impacted vertically downward by a particle flow, and because the inclined arrangement can enlarge the area of the bottom tube 3 impacted by the particle flow, the impact wear resistance of the bottom tube 3 can be effectively improved.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
Embodiment 3:
the present embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 2, and the main improvement lies in that, in embodiment 2, the bending position of the wear-resistant pipe 2, which is communicated with the longer side of the J-shaped inclined pipe, that is, the joint between the upper straight pipe 201 and the lower inclined pipe 202 of the wear-resistant pipe 2 at the bending position, is greatly impacted by particle flow, and after long-term use, the bending position is worn and scrapped before other positions, which results in the reduction of the service life of the heat exchange pipe. In the present embodiment, the joint between the upper straight tube 201 and the lower inclined tube 203 of the wear-resistant tube 2 is wrapped with an impact-resistant wear-resistant sleeve 5 made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy material with better quality, as shown in fig. 8 to 11, the impact-resistant wear-resistant sleeve 5 is composed of an impact-resistant upper sleeve 501, an impact-resistant lower sleeve 502 and four fixing hoop pieces 503, the impact-resistant upper sleeve 501 covers the upper surface of the joint, the impact-resistant lower sleeve 502 covers the lower surface of the joint, and the upper and lower ends of the two sides are respectively fixedly connected through the two side through holes 504 by one fixing hoop piece 503. The shock-resistant wear-resistant sleeve 5 is schematically installed as shown in fig. 11. The bending part of the wear-resistant pipe 2 connected with the lower part of the J-shaped inclined pipe is impacted more, and the impact resistance of the part can be effectively improved by arranging the impact-resistant wear sleeve 5 at the bending part.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 2, and will not be described herein.
Embodiment 4:
the present embodiment provides a fluidized bed reactor including the impact-resistant heat exchange tube of embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 12 to 14, the fluidized bed reactor mainly includes a cavity 6 with a circular cross section and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are vertically disposed in the cavity 6, each three heat exchange tubes are in a group, in each group of heat exchange tubes, the main tubes 1 of the three heat exchange tubes are all parallel to each other, the bottoms 3 of the three heat exchange tubes are flush and are staggered end to end, and the joints between the ends and the ends of the three bottom tubes 3 are in an equilateral triangle structure when viewed from above, as shown in fig. 13, the upper portion a1 of the bottom tube 3 of the heat exchange tube a is above the lower portion c2 of the bottom tube of the heat exchange tube c, the upper portion b1 of the bottom tube 3 of the heat exchange tube b is above the lower portion a2 of the bottom tube 3 of the heat exchange tube a, and. Every six small groups of heat exchange tubes form a big group of regular hexagon, and all the heat exchange tubes form a heat exchange tube bundle which is in a regular hexagon integrally in the whole cavity 6, as shown in figure 14.
Because a part of space is arranged between the cavity and the six sides of the heat exchange tube bundle, in order to better utilize the space to improve the heat exchange efficiency, a pair of heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the six sides of the regular hexagonal heat exchange tube bundle and the inner side of the cavity, as shown in fig. 14.
The traditional arrangement mode of the heat exchange tube bundle is that the inner cavities of the reactors are arranged side by side at will, the space utilization rate and the heat exchange efficiency are low, and only 2-4 heat exchange tubes are arranged around each reaction space around the pipeline for heat exchange, as shown in figure 15; in the present application, as shown in fig. 14, in the reactor cavity 6, a triangular reaction space is arranged in the middle of each triangular small group, a hexagonal reaction space is arranged in the middle of each hexagonal large group, and 6 heat exchange tubes are uniformly distributed around each triangular reaction space and each hexagonal reaction space, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved; the larger reaction space enables the flow of the reactants to be smoother, and the reaction efficiency is improved.
In addition, since heat exchange tubes with different heights are distributed in the cavity, as shown in fig. 16, the higher the height difference between the bottom tube 3 and the top end of the main tube 1 is, the greater the degree of abrasion impact on the bottom tube is, in this embodiment, the bottom tube 3a of the heat exchange tube with the lowest height and the highest height difference (i.e. the most abraded) is the heat exchange tube in embodiment 2 or 3, i.e. the bottom tube 3a of the heat exchange tube is a J-shaped inclined tube made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy material, and the surface of the J-shaped inclined tube is fully distributed with arc protrusions 4, as shown in fig. 5 and 7; the heat exchange tube of embodiment 1 is used for the bottom tube 3b of the heat exchange tube with the second highest height (i.e., less severe abrasion), i.e., the bottom tube 3b of the heat exchange tube is a U-shaped tube made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy material, and the surface of the U-shaped tube is fully covered with arc-shaped protrusions 4, as shown in fig. 3; the bottom tube 3c of the heat exchange tube with the highest height and the smallest height difference (i.e., the lowest abrasion) can also be a U-shaped tube, but the surface of the U-shaped tube does not need to be provided with the arc-shaped protrusion 4, only the bottom tube 3c needs to be made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant cobalt-based alloy material, and the U-shaped bottom tube is directly communicated with the upper main body tube 1 without using an abrasion-resistant tube, as shown in fig. 17.
Therefore, according to the impact wear degree, different wear-resistant schemes are designed for the heat exchange tubes of the reactor, the overall service life of the heat exchange tube bundle is kept consistent under the condition that the cost is lower, and the overall service life of the tube bundle is prolonged.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fluidized bed reactor is characterized by comprising a cavity (6) and a plurality of impact-resistant heat exchange tubes vertically arranged in the cavity (6), wherein each three heat exchange tubes are in a small group, main tubes (1) of the three heat exchange tubes are parallel to each other in each small group of heat exchange tubes, bottoms of bottom tubes (3) of the three heat exchange tubes are flush, connected end to end and staggered, and the head-to-tail connection points of the three bottom tubes (3) form an equilateral triangle;
the impact-resistant heat exchange tube comprises main tubes (1) on two sides of the upper portion, wear-resistant tubes (2) on two sides of the lower portion and a bottom tube (3), wherein arc-shaped protrusions (4) are arranged on the outer surface of the bottom tube (3), two ends of the bottom tube (3) are respectively communicated with the bottoms of the wear-resistant tubes (2) on two sides, and the tops of the wear-resistant tubes (2) on two sides are respectively communicated with the bottoms of the main tubes (1) on two sides;
the bottom pipe (3) is a U-shaped pipe, and the wear-resistant pipes (2) on the two sides are straight pipes; or the bottom pipe (3) is a J-shaped inclined pipe, and the wear-resistant pipes (2) on the two sides are obtuse angle bending pipes which have the same obtuse angle and are bent towards the same direction;
if the bottom pipe (3) is a J-shaped inclined pipe, the upper parts of the two wear-resistant pipes (2) are straight pipes (201) coaxially connected with the main pipes (1) on the two sides, the lower parts of the two wear-resistant pipes are inclined pipes (202) inclined to the same direction, and an obtuse angle is formed between each straight pipe (201) and each inclined pipe (202).
2. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that if the bottom tube (3) is a J-shaped chute, the two ends of the J-shaped chute are coaxially connected to the two inclined tubes (202), respectively, and the longer side of the J-shaped chute is located below, and the groove formed by the J-shaped chute faces the space formed between the wear resistant tube (2) on both sides and the main tube (1) on both sides.
3. The fluidized bed reactor in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that, the wear resistant pipe (2) connected to the longer side of the J-shaped inclined pipe is covered with the shock resistant and wear resistant sleeve (5) on the outer surface of the joint of the upper straight pipe (201) and the lower inclined pipe (202).
4. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that the shock-resistant wear-resistant sleeve (5) consists of a shock-resistant upper sleeve (501), a shock-resistant lower sleeve (502) and a fixed hoop sheet (503), the shock-resistant upper sleeve (501) and the shock-resistant lower sleeve (502) are respectively located above and below the wear-resistant pipe (2), and both sides of the two are respectively fixedly connected by one fixed hoop sheet (503).
5. The fluidized bed reactor of claim 1, wherein every six subgroups of said heat exchange tubes constitute a large group of regular hexagons.
6. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that inside said chamber (6) all said heat exchange tubes constitute a heat exchange tube bundle having an overall regular hexagonal shape.
7. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that at least one heat exchange tube is further arranged outside six sides of the regular hexagonal heat exchange tube bundle and inside the cavity (6).
8. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the angle between the J-shaped chute and the main tube (1) is 45 °.
9. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sum of the heights of the attrition resistant tube (2) and the bottom tube (3) is 5 m.
10. Fluidized bed reactor in accordance with any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bulges (4) are arranged side by side at an angle of 45 ° on the outer surface of the bottom tube (3) and staggered in the horizontal direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110048617.0A CN112871094B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Fluidized bed reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110048617.0A CN112871094B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Fluidized bed reactor |
| CN201811473500.1A CN109529730B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Impact-resistant heat exchange tube |
Related Parent Applications (1)
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| CN101985092A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-03-16 | 周洪山 | Fluidized bed reactor with wear-resistant gas distributor |
| CN107213856A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-29 | 南通科恩化工技术有限公司 | A kind of restraint-type fluidized-bed reactor |
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| CN106839855A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of fluidized-bed reactor and a kind of heat transmission equipment |
| CN206626997U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-11-10 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Take thermal |
| CN207316907U (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-05-04 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | The cooling device of fluidized bed furnace boiling bed |
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| CN101985092A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-03-16 | 周洪山 | Fluidized bed reactor with wear-resistant gas distributor |
| CN107213856A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-29 | 南通科恩化工技术有限公司 | A kind of restraint-type fluidized-bed reactor |
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