CN112870443A - Dental implant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments and discloses a dental implant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, and the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: tetracycline, nano-hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid. The antibacterial nanotube structure layer of the dental implant is beneficial to the climbing, proliferation and differentiation of preosteoblasts, enhances the bone induction capability and is beneficial to the initial stability of osseointegration and operation; meanwhile, the tetracycline in the antibacterial nanotube structure layer has an antibacterial effect, so that the risk of bacterial infection in the early stage of the operation can be avoided, and the success rate of the operation is greatly improved. The invention forms the antibacterial nanotube structure layer on the surface of the dental implant matrix by spraying through an electrostatic spray deposition method, is beneficial to osseointegration, has simple operation and low cost, and is suitable for large-batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a dental implant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of implant technology, dental implants have been widely used in clinical treatment of dental defects. After the implant is implanted, various complications are frequently generated around the implant, and inflammatory infection is one of the most serious and difficult complications. Inflammation can often be caused by infection of the surrounding tissues after surgery, and thus the implant is at all times threatened by bacterial infection. On the other hand, the difficulty of healing after an inflammatory infection of the implant is also due to the fact that bacteria form a biofilm around the implant to prevent host defense and antimicrobial treatment, and that this biofilm is difficult to remove once it has formed. Therefore, the most effective method is to prevent the adhesion of bacteria to the implant surface before the biofilm forms.
At present, the dental implant with antibacterial performance is coated on the surface of the implant by combining an antibacterial agent in a coating, so that the antibacterial purpose is achieved, but the common combining modes are plasma spraying, thermal spraying and the like, the process is complex, the equipment investment is high, and in the initial stage of operation, the dental implant is unstable in combination with bone, so that the dental implant is not beneficial to healing in the initial stage of operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a dental implant and a method for preparing the same, which solves one or more of the problems of the prior art and provides at least one of the advantages of the present invention.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: antibacterial agent and nano-hydroxyapatite.
Preferably, the aperture of the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is 50-200 nm, and the depth of the aperture is 10-300 nm.
Preferably, the antibacterial nanotube structure layer further comprises a carrier; the antibacterial agent comprises at least one of tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin or roxithromycin; the carrier is polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer or polylactic acid.
Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) is formed by random polymerization of two monomers, namely lactic acid and glycolic acid, is a degradable functional polymer organic compound, has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, controllable degradation speed, no toxicity and good encapsulation and film forming performance.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is an important polyester biodegradable high polymer, and the main chain of the PLA contains unstable chemical bonds which are easy to hydrolyze or hydrolyze, so that the PLA can be hydrolyzed and de-esterified in vivo to generate a lactic acid monomer, and pyruvate is generated under the action of lactate dehydrogenase in vivo and participates in tricarboxylic acid cycle as an energy metabolism substance, and the final product is N2CO and CO2It is excreted through lung, kidney and skin. The polylactic acid has good mechanical property and biocompatibility, and the three-dimensional porous structure and the biodegradability of the polylactic acid enable the polylactic acid to become a slow-release stent material.
The carrier, the antibacterial agent and the nano-hydroxyapatite jointly form a drug sustained-release system with bioactivity so as to promote the osseointegration process, prevent the related infection of the dental implant and improve the success rate of the implantation.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the dental implant, which comprises the following steps:
s1, processing the titanium or the titanium alloy by a CNC machine tool to obtain the dental implant matrix, and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, sequentially immersing the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into absolute ethyl alcohol and purified water, respectively performing ultrasonic cleaning for 10-20 min, and then drying for later use;
s3, carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 10-20 min by using purified water;
s4, adding the antibacterial agent, the nano-hydroxyapatite and the carrier into an organic solvent, stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution, and collecting a supernatant;
s5, depositing the supernatant obtained in the step S4 on the surface of the dental implant matrix cleaned in the step S3 through an electrostatic spray deposition method to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, and drying to obtain the dental implant.
Preferably, in step S1, the blasting treatment uses a mixture of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a blasting medium.
Preferably, in step S3, the specific process of the anodic oxidation treatment is as follows: an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.2 wt% is used as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, and anodic oxidation is carried out for 30-60 min under the voltage of 10-60V.
Preferably, in step S4, in the mixed solution, the mass fraction of the antibacterial agent is 0.05 to 1 wt%, the mass fraction of the nano-hydroxyapatite is 0.01 to 0.05 wt%, and the mass fraction of the carrier is 0.05 to 0.2 wt%.
Preferably, in step S4, the particle size of the nano-hydroxyapatite is 30 to 50 nm.
Preferably, in step S4, the organic solvent includes at least one of chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, or dichloromethane.
Preferably, in the step S4, the stirring time is 10-20 h; the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 4000-6000 rpm, and the time is 10-30 min.
Preferably, in step S5, the specific process of the electrostatic spray deposition method is as follows: setting the voltage of an electrostatic spray deposition device to be 10-30 kV, the spraying speed to be 5-50 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 5-20 cm and the spraying time to be 3-30 min; and (4) adding the supernatant obtained in the step (S4) into an electrostatic spray deposition device, and spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant matrix. The spraying time is preferably 9-12 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the antibacterial nanotube structure layer of the dental implant is beneficial to the climbing, proliferation and differentiation of preosteoblasts, enhances the bone induction capability and is beneficial to the initial stability of osseointegration and operation; meanwhile, the component antibacterial agent in the antibacterial nanotube structure layer has an antibacterial effect, so that the risk of bacterial infection in the early stage of the operation can be avoided, and the success rate of the operation is greatly improved.
(2) The invention forms the antibacterial nanotube structure layer on the surface of the dental implant matrix by spraying through an electrostatic spray deposition method, is beneficial to osseointegration, has simple operation and low cost, and is suitable for large-batch production.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a dental implant according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of adhesion of preosteoblasts to the surface of a dental implant according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of adhesion of preosteoblasts to the surface of a dental implant according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of adhesion of preosteoblasts to the surface of a dental implant according to comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It will also be understood that the following examples are included merely for purposes of further illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as the invention extends to insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention following in the light of the principles set forth herein. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, and the skilled person can make a selection within the suitable ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific data of the following examples.
Example 1
A dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: tetracycline, nano-hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer; the aperture of the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is 50-200 nm, and the hole depth is 10-300 nm.
The preparation method of the dental implant comprises the following steps:
s1, processing titanium by a CNC (computerized numerical control) machine tool to obtain the dental implant matrix, mixing hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a sand blasting medium, and performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, sequentially immersing the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into absolute ethyl alcohol and purified water, respectively performing ultrasonic cleaning for 15min, and then drying for later use;
s3, taking the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2 as an anode, taking platinum as a cathode, taking an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.12 wt% as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, carrying out anodic oxidation for 50min under the condition that the voltage is 22V, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 10min by using purified water;
s4, adding the tetracycline, the nano-hydroxyapatite with the particle size of 30nm and the polylactic acid into dichloromethane, stirring for 15 hours, dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution for 20min at the rotation speed of 5000rpm, and collecting a supernatant; in the mixed solution, the mass fraction of the tetracycline is 0.1 wt%, the mass fraction of the nano-hydroxyapatite is 0.03 wt%, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 0.1 wt%.
S5, adding the supernatant obtained in the step S4 into an electrostatic spray deposition device, setting the voltage of the electrostatic spray deposition device to be 20kV, the spraying speed to be 25 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 10cm, and the spraying time to be 12min, spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant matrix cleaned in the step S3 to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, then placing the antibacterial nanotube structure layer into an oven, and drying the antibacterial nanotube structure layer for 1h at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the dental implant.
The dental implant obtained in this example was subjected to electron microscope scanning, and as shown in fig. 1, it can be seen from fig. 1 that the surface of the dental implant had a nanotube structure deposited thereon. The dental implant obtained in this example was subjected to a cell attachment experiment, and observed with an inverted fluorescence microscope, as shown in fig. 2, it can be seen from fig. 2 that the density of cells attached to the surface of the dental implant is high, which indicates that the dental implant of the present invention is advantageous for the proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts, enhances the osteoinductive capacity, and is advantageous for the initial stability of osseointegration and surgery.
Example 2
A dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: tetracycline, nano-hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer; the aperture of the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is 50-200 nm, and the hole depth is 10-300 nm.
The preparation method of the dental implant comprises the following steps:
s1, processing titanium by a CNC (computerized numerical control) machine tool to obtain the dental implant matrix, mixing hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a sand blasting medium, and performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, sequentially immersing the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into absolute ethyl alcohol and purified water, respectively performing ultrasonic cleaning for 10min, and then drying for later use;
s3, taking the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2 as an anode, taking platinum as a cathode, taking an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.1 wt% as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, carrying out anodic oxidation for 60min under the condition that the voltage is 10V, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 10min by using purified water;
s4, adding the tetracycline, the nano-hydroxyapatite with the particle size of 30nm and the polylactic acid into dichloromethane, stirring for 10 hours, dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution for 10 minutes at the rotation speed of 4000rpm, and collecting a supernatant; in the mixed solution, the mass fraction of the tetracycline is 0.05 wt%, the mass fraction of the nano-hydroxyapatite is 0.01 wt%, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 0.05 wt%.
S5, adding the supernatant obtained in the step S4 into an electrostatic spray deposition device, setting the voltage of the electrostatic spray deposition device to be 10kV, the spraying speed to be 5 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 5cm and the spraying time to be 9min, spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant substrate cleaned in the step S3 to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, then placing the antibacterial nanotube structure layer into an oven, and drying the antibacterial nanotube structure layer for 1h at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the dental implant.
When the dental implant obtained in this example was subjected to a cell attachment test and observed with an inverted fluorescence microscope, as shown in fig. 3, it can be seen from fig. 3 that the density of cells attached to the surface of the dental implant was high.
Example 3
A dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: ciprofloxacin, nano hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer; the aperture of the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is 50-200 nm, and the hole depth is 10-300 nm.
The preparation method of the dental implant comprises the following steps:
s1, processing the titanium alloy by a CNC machine tool to obtain the dental implant matrix, mixing hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a sand blasting medium, and performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, sequentially immersing the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into absolute ethyl alcohol and purified water, respectively performing ultrasonic cleaning for 20min, and then drying for later use;
s3, taking the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2 as an anode, taking platinum as a cathode, taking an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.2 wt% as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, carrying out anodic oxidation for 45min under the condition that the voltage is 35V, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 20min by using purified water;
s4, adding the ciprofloxacin, the nano hydroxyapatite with the particle size of 40nm and the polylactic acid into dichloromethane, stirring for 15 hours, dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution for 30min at the rotating speed of 6000rpm, and collecting a supernatant; in the mixed solution, the mass fraction of the ciprofloxacin is 0.5 wt%, the mass fraction of the nano hydroxyapatite is 0.04 wt%, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 0.12 wt%.
S5, adding the supernatant obtained in the step S4 into an electrostatic spray deposition device, setting the voltage of the electrostatic spray deposition device to be 30kV, the spraying speed to be 40 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 20cm and the spraying time to be 6min, spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant matrix cleaned in the step S3 to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, then placing the antibacterial nanotube structure layer into an oven, and drying the antibacterial nanotube structure layer for 2h at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the dental implant.
Example 4
A dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: vancomycin, nano hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid; the aperture of the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is 50-200 nm, and the hole depth is 10-300 nm.
The preparation method of the dental implant comprises the following steps:
s1, processing titanium by a CNC (computerized numerical control) machine tool to obtain the dental implant matrix, mixing hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a sand blasting medium, and performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, sequentially immersing the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into absolute ethyl alcohol and purified water, respectively performing ultrasonic cleaning for 20min, and then drying for later use;
s3, taking the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2 as an anode, taking platinum as a cathode, taking an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.2 wt% as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, carrying out anodic oxidation for 30min under the condition that the voltage is 60V, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 20min by using purified water;
s4, adding the vancomycin, the nano hydroxyapatite with the particle size of 50nm and the polylactic acid into dichloromethane, stirring for 20 hours, dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution for 30min at the rotating speed of 6000rpm, and collecting supernatant; in the mixed solution, the mass fraction of the vancomycin is 1 wt%, the mass fraction of the nano hydroxyapatite is 0.05 wt%, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 0.2 wt%.
S5, adding the supernatant obtained in the step S4 into an electrostatic spray deposition device, setting the voltage of the electrostatic spray deposition device to be 30kV, the spraying speed to be 50 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 20cm and the spraying time to be 3min, spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant matrix cleaned in the step S3 to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, then placing the antibacterial nanotube structure layer into an oven, and drying for 2h at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the dental implant.
Example 5
A dental implant comprises a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: roxithromycin, nano hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid; the aperture of the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is 50-200 nm, and the hole depth is 10-300 nm.
The preparation method of the dental implant comprises the following steps:
s1, processing the titanium alloy by a CNC machine tool to obtain the dental implant matrix, mixing hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a sand blasting medium, and performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, sequentially immersing the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1 into absolute ethyl alcohol and purified water, respectively performing ultrasonic cleaning for 20min, and then drying for later use;
s3, taking the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2 as an anode, taking platinum as a cathode, taking an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.2 wt% as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, carrying out anodic oxidation for 45min under the condition that the voltage is 35V, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 20min by using purified water;
s4, adding the roxithromycin, the nano hydroxyapatite with the particle size of 40nm and the polylactic acid into dichloromethane, stirring for 15 hours, dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution for 30min at the rotating speed of 6000rpm, and collecting supernatant; in the mixed solution, the mass fraction of the roxithromycin is 0.5 wt%, the mass fraction of the nano hydroxyapatite is 0.04 wt%, and the mass fraction of the polylactic acid is 0.12 wt%.
S5, adding the supernatant obtained in the step S4 into an electrostatic spray deposition device, setting the voltage of the electrostatic spray deposition device to be 30kV, the spraying speed to be 40 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 20cm and the spraying time to be 30min, spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant matrix cleaned in the step S3 to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, then placing the antibacterial nanotube structure layer into an oven, and drying the antibacterial nanotube structure layer for 2h at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the dental implant.
Experiment for inhibiting bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus was aerobically cultured with brain Heart infusion agar (BHI) to obtain colonies and inoculated onto the dental implants of examples 1-5 and the control group (no electrostatic spray deposition);
the initial colony concentration of the strain used for inoculation was 1.0X 107(CFU)/ml, followed by incubation (incubation temperature 37 ℃ C., incubation time 24 h); and then, eluting the dental implant by PBS, then placing the dental implant in a glass bottle filled with new BHI for culturing for 24h, taking out the dental implant, ultrasonically treating for 5min to enable surface bacteria to shed, taking ultrasonic liquid for diluting by 15 times, then coating the ultrasonic liquid in an agar culture dish containing BHI, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, and then observing and recording the number of bacterial colonies for evaluating the antibacterial performance of the dental implant. The colony counts are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Group of | Colony concentration 1.0X 107(CFU)/ml |
| Example 1 | 0 |
| Example 2 | 0 |
| Example 3 | 2 |
| Example 4 | 105 |
| Example 5 | 0 |
| Control group | 322 |
As can be seen from table 1, the embodiment of the present invention has a bacteriostatic effect after electrostatic spray deposition, and the longer the electrostatic spray deposition time is, the better the effect is, and the best bacteriostatic effect can be achieved when the electrostatic spray deposition time is 9 min.
When the total analysis of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and Table 1 was carried out, the cell attachment density at the time of electrostatic spray deposition of 12min was higher than that at the time of electrostatic spray deposition of 9 min. Therefore, considering the problems of cost and the like, when the electrostatic spray deposition time is 12min, namely, the embodiment 1 has the highest cost performance, has the best antibacterial effect, and simultaneously, the cell attachment density meets the requirement of osseointegration, thereby being beneficial to the osseointegration and the initial stability of the operation.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that tetracycline, nano hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid are sprayed on the surface of the dental implant matrix using a conventional plasma spraying method.
When the dental implant obtained in this comparative example was subjected to a cell attachment test and observed by an inverted fluorescence microscope, as shown in fig. 4, it can be seen from fig. 4 that the density of cells attached to the surface of the dental implant was low. The invention is more beneficial to the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of the preosteoblasts and the enhancement of the bone induction capability by adopting electrostatic spray deposition compared with the traditional plasma spraying.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in detail in the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A dental implant is characterized by comprising a dental implant matrix and an antibacterial nanotube structure layer, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer is deposited on the surface of the dental implant matrix; the antibacterial nanotube structure layer comprises the following components: antibacterial agent and nano-hydroxyapatite.
2. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer has a pore size of 50 to 200nm and a pore depth of 10 to 300 nm.
3. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the antibacterial nanotube structure layer further comprises a carrier; the antibacterial agent comprises at least one of tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin or roxithromycin; the carrier is polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer or polylactic acid.
4. The method for preparing a dental implant according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, processing titanium or titanium alloy to obtain the dental implant matrix, and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the dental implant matrix;
s2, cleaning the dental implant matrix subjected to sand blasting in the step S1, and then drying for later use;
s3, carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the dental implant matrix dried in the step S2, and then cleaning;
s4, adding the antibacterial agent, the nano-hydroxyapatite and the carrier into an organic solvent, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution, and collecting a supernatant;
s5, depositing the supernatant obtained in the step S4 on the surface of the dental implant matrix cleaned in the step S3 through an electrostatic spray deposition method to form the antibacterial nanotube structure layer, and drying to obtain the dental implant.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the blasting treatment uses a mixture of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate as a blasting medium in step S1.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the specific process of the anodic oxidation treatment is as follows: an HF solution with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.2 wt% is used as an anodic oxidation electrolyte, and anodic oxidation is carried out for 30-60 min under the voltage of 10-60V.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the mixed solution contains 0.05 to 1 wt% of the antibacterial agent, 0.01 to 0.05 wt% of the nano-hydroxyapatite, and 0.05 to 0.2 wt% of the carrier.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the organic solvent comprises at least one of chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, or dichloromethane.
9. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S4, the stirring time is 10-20 h; the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 4000-6000 rpm, and the time is 10-30 min.
10. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S5, the specific process of electrostatic spray deposition is as follows: setting the voltage of an electrostatic spray deposition device to be 10-30 kV, the spraying speed to be 5-50 mu L/min, the spraying distance to be 5-20 cm and the spraying time to be 3-30 min; and (4) adding the supernatant obtained in the step (S4) into an electrostatic spray deposition device, and spraying the supernatant onto the surface of the dental implant matrix.
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