CN112867195B - KA type single live wire wall intelligent switch - Google Patents
KA type single live wire wall intelligent switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN112867195B CN112867195B CN202110097101.5A CN202110097101A CN112867195B CN 112867195 B CN112867195 B CN 112867195B CN 202110097101 A CN202110097101 A CN 202110097101A CN 112867195 B CN112867195 B CN 112867195B
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- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/36—Circuits for reducing or suppressing harmonics, ripples or electromagnetic interferences [EMI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
- H05B45/56—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving measures to prevent abnormal temperature of the LEDs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
Abstract
The invention provides a KA type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch which comprises a KA main switch, a high-voltage isolation power supply, a power self-adaptive circuit, a direct-current timing charging control circuit and an intelligent module input/output circuit. The KA main switch is connected in series with the relay contact through the power taking power MOS tube to switch on or off the electric connection between a live wire and a power supply load; the high-voltage isolation power supply provides direct current for the control circuit when the live wire is disconnected with the power supply load; the direct-current timing charging control circuit carries out direct-current timing charging when the live wire is conducted with the power supply load; the power self-adaptive circuit carries out full-bridge half-wave rectification conversion and upper limit voltage control by controlling a power taking MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube; and the intelligent module input and output circuit remotely controls the relay switch. The invention solves the problems of flicker and ghost fire of a low-power supply load and the technical barriers that a network cannot be distributed and a common relay cannot be driven, reduces the heat productivity of a high-power load power-taking MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, and also avoids the phenomenon that a side circuit lights up when the power supply is opened in the air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent switches, in particular to a KA type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, smart homes gradually enter each family, and great convenience and enjoyment are brought to users. Especially, bluetooth, Zigbee, the single live wire intelligence wall switch of wifi that recently appeared can not only carry out local control with pronunciation or break-make ware, can also carry out remote control with cell-phone APP, receives masses young people's favor deeply.
However, the wall switch on the market has many defects, and the defects are as follows: 1) the phenomenon of flicker and ghost fire of the low-power LED lamp occurs; 2) the low-power LED lamp cannot be distributed with a network and drive a common relay; 3) the power taking power MOSEFT connected with the relay contact in series is easy to heat and damage; 4) when the circuit is opened without load, the side street lamp can shine or even die; therefore, it is necessary to provide a KA-type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch for solving the existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a KA type single live wire wall intelligent switch, which not only effectively prevents the phenomenon of flickering and ghost fire of a low-power LED lamp, but also effectively overcomes the technical barriers that the low-power LED lamp cannot be used for a network and cannot drive a common relay, and simultaneously can obviously reduce the heat productivity of a power-taking power MOSEFT connected in series with a relay switch contact and the adverse effect caused by idle opening.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a KA-type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch, which is disposed between a live wire and a power supply load, and includes a KA main switch, a high-voltage isolation power supply, a power self-adaptive circuit, a dc timing charging control circuit, a resistance-raising circuit, an idle unlocking circuit, and an intelligent module input/output circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the KA main switch consists of a relay KA normally open contact and a power taking MOS tube connected in series, is connected between a live wire and a charging load in series, and is provided with four wiring terminals, three relay switches and a power taking power MOS tube, wherein the four wiring terminals are used for respectively connecting the live wire and the power supply load; one end of a normally open contact of the three-way relay switch is respectively connected with three wiring terminals for connecting a power supply load, and the other end of the normally open contact of the three-way relay switch is connected with a drain electrode of the power taking power MOS tube and an input end of the direct-current timing charging control circuit after being connected together in parallel; the source electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with a live wire, and the grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the output end of the power self-adaptive circuit; the KA main switch is used for electrically connecting a live wire and a power supply load when one or more of the power taking power MOS tube and the three-way relay switch are in a conducting state; or when the three relay switches are all in a cut-off state, the electric connection between the live wire and the power supply load is cut off;
the high-voltage isolation power supply is connected to a connecting line between the KA main switch and the power supply load and is used for providing direct current for the power supply load when the KA main switch is switched off;
the output end of the direct-current timing charging control circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the power self-adaptive circuit and the input end of the resistance-raising circuit and is used for electrically connecting a live wire and a power supply load when the KA main switch is switched on so as to ensure that the power supply load is switched on and simultaneously carry out direct-current timing charging to reduce the heating of the power-taking MOS tube;
the power self-adaptive circuit is used for conducting full-bridge rectification on low power while ensuring that a power supply load is conducted due to the electric connection between a live wire and the power supply load when the KA main switch is conducted, and stopping the power taking power MOS tube when the output voltage is lower than the upper limit voltage; or half-wave rectification is carried out when the power supply load is correspondingly large-power, and the power-taking power MOS tube is conducted when the output voltage reaches the upper limit voltage; to stop charging to stabilize the output voltage;
the output end of the resistance raising circuit is connected with a coil power supply voltage end of a three-way relay switch in the KA main switch and used for raising current so as to ensure the normal work of the relay switch;
the input end of the air-break unlocking circuit is connected with the output end of the intelligent module input-output circuit and a power supply load wiring end, and the output end of the air-break unlocking circuit is connected with coil control ends of three relay switches in the KA main switch, so that the air-break unlocking circuit is used for air-break protection and ensures that one corresponding relay coil is in a power-off state when no power supply load is extinguished;
the input end of the intelligent module input/output circuit is connected with an external signal source and used for receiving external signals, and when the external signals are received, the intelligent module input/output circuit directly or remotely controls the three-way relay switch in the KA main switch.
The high-voltage isolation power supply comprises a rectifier bridge UR, an isolation transformer TR1, a switching power tube V1 and a photoelectric coupler OP 1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the switching power tube V1 is a high-voltage power MOS tube, and a source electrode is connected with a current-limiting resistor R0 in series;
the output end of the rectifier bridge UR is connected with an overvoltage protection voltage dependent resistor Rv in parallel and is connected with the input end of the isolation transformer TR1 through a filter circuit consisting of a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C3;
the output end of the isolation transformer TR1 is connected with a direct-current power supply;
the side of a light-emitting tube in the photoelectric coupler OP1 is connected with a direct current voltage stabilization feedback circuit formed by a resistor R1 and is also connected with a pulse feedback circuit formed by a diode VD 1.
The direct-current voltage charging control circuit comprises a leading edge detection circuit, a differential and emitter follower circuit and a timing control circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the leading edge detection circuit is connected with the positive voltage end of the bridge rectifier output in the KA main switch, and the output end of the leading edge detection circuit is connected with the input end of the differential and emitter follower circuit; the leading edge detection circuit comprises a resistor R9 and a resistor R10 which are connected in series, wherein the middle point of the leading edge detection circuit is the output end of the leading edge detection circuit;
the output end of the differential and emitter follower circuit is the timing control circuit, and the output end is connected with a power supply special chip UOThe input control ends are connected; the differential and emitter follower circuit comprises a differential capacitor C9, a resistor R11 and an emitter follower circuit formed by a transistor T4;
the timing control circuit is formed by connecting a capacitor C12 and a resistor R12 in parallel.
The power self-adaptive circuit comprises a bridge type rectification circuit, an upper limit voltage detection and output circuit, an analog load circuit, a power conversion circuit and a voltage holding circuit which are connected in sequence; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the bridge type rectification power-taking circuit is connected with common normally-open contacts and a common live wire of the three relay switches in the KA main switch; the bridge rectification power-taking circuit consists of parasitic diodes VD4 and VD5 of the power-taking power MOS tube and external diodes VD2 and VD3 of the power-taking power MOS tube, and the output of the bridge rectification power-taking circuit is high direct-current supply voltage VCC1(ii) a The power taking power MOS tube comprises power MOS tubes V2 and V3 which are connected in series;
the upper limit voltage detection and output circuit is formed by a voltage stabilizing diode VZ1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a switching triode T2, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C6; wherein, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 form a sampling circuit; the resistor R6 and the capacitor C6 form a time delay circuit;
the analog load circuit is formed by a power MOS transistor V4 and a resistor R7;
the power conversion circuit is connected with a grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube in the KA main switch; the power conversion circuit is formed by a power supply special chip U0;
the voltage holding circuit is formed by connecting a resistor R8 and a capacitor C8 in parallel.
The boost impedance circuit comprises a narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit and a buck chopper circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
input end of narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit and intelligent module UOThe output end of the voltage reducing chopper circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage reducing chopper circuit; the narrow pulse forming circuit is generated in the single chip microcomputer U4 and is controlled by the output voltage of the intelligent module U6;
the output end of the buck chopper circuit is connected with a coil power supply voltage end of a three-way relay switch in the KA main switch; the buck chopper circuit is formed by a power MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor V5, an inductor Ls and a freewheeling diode VD 6.
The air unlocking and locking circuit is formed by a Schmitt integrated inverter U5-1B, an inverter U5-1A and a detection filter circuit which are connected in series; wherein, R is17、R18、R19The capacitor C11 is a filter capacitor for the voltage detection resistor.
The external signal source connected with the intelligent module input and output circuit comprises a button control circuit, a 433 receiving module output circuit, a touch integrated output circuit and an APP network signal.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-voltage isolation power supply is connected to a connecting line and a live wire between the KA main switch and the power supply load, and when the KA main switch is turned off and the live wire is electrically connected with the power supply load, direct current is provided for the control circuit, so that the standby current of the power supply load is less than 50 muA, and the phenomena of flickering and ghost fire of a low-power supply load can be effectively prevented;
2. in the power self-adaptive circuit, the full-bridge rectification can be carried out on a low-power supply load or the half-wave rectification can be carried out on a high-power supply load, and the power range of a voltage switch can be expanded from 1w to 1000 w;
3. in the direct-current timing charging circuit, timing control is adopted, so that the switching frequency of the power taking MOS tube and the conduction time of the diode in the MOS tube are reduced, and the heat productivity of the power taking power MOSEFT connected with the relay switch contact in series can be obviously reduced;
4. when the KA main switch is conducted and the live wire is electrically connected with the power supply load, the output end of the resistance raising circuit is connected with the coil voltage end of the three relay switches in the KA main switch to raise the current to ensure the normal work of the relay switches, so that the technical barriers that a low-power supply load cannot be distributed with a network and cannot drive a common relay can be effectively overcome;
5. according to the invention, through the empty unsealing lock, the phenomenon that the load cannot generate charging current due to the actuation of the relay switch is avoided, so that the problems that the power supply voltage drops greatly, the normal work is influenced, and even the halt is caused are effectively prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a logical connection structure of a KA-type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connections of the high voltage isolated power supply of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection among the KA main switch, the power adaptive circuit and the DC timing charging control circuit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the lift-off resistor circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the hollow break lock circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the input/output circuit of the smart module of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, the KA-type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch provided in the embodiment of the present invention is disposed between a live wire L and a power supply load S, and includes a KA main switch 1, a high-voltage isolation power supply 2, a power adaptive circuit 3, a dc timing charging control circuit 4, a boost impedance circuit 5, an idle unlocking circuit 6, and an intelligent module input/output circuit 7; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the KA main switch 1 is connected in series between the power line L and the power supply load S, and is provided with four terminals (L, L) for connecting the power line L and the power supply load S respectively1、L2、L3) The three-way relay switch (such as KA 1-KA 3) and the power taking power MOS (such as power MOS V2 and power MOS V3 which are connected in series); one end of a normally open contact of the three-way relay switch is respectively connected with an access terminal L of a power supply load S1、L2、L3The other ends of the normally open contacts of the three-way relay switches (KA 1-KA 3) are connected in parallel and then are connected with the drain electrode of the power taking power MOS tube and the input end of the direct current timing charging control circuit 4; the source electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with a live wire L, and the grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the output end of the power self-adaptive circuit 3; the KA main switch 1 is used for conducting the electric connection between the live wire L and the LED lamp S when one or more of the power taking power MOS tube and the three-way relay switch (such as KA 1-KA 3) are in a conducting state; or when the three-way relay switch (such as KA 1-KA 3) is in a cut-off state, the electric connection between the live wire L and the power supply load S is cut off;
the high-voltage isolation power supply 2 is connected to a connecting line between the KA main switch 1 and the power supply load S and is used for providing direct current for the static state of the control circuit when the KA main switch 1 is switched off and the live wire L is electrically connected with the power supply load S; namely, when the KA main switch 1 is in an off state, the micro leakage of the series load is used as an intelligent switch power supply direct source power supply, the operation is completed through the high-voltage isolation power supply 2, and the standby current is ensured to be less than 50 muA, so that the phenomena of flicker and ghost fire of a low-power supply load can be effectively prevented;
the output end of the direct-current timing charging control circuit 4 is respectively connected with the input end of the power self-adaptive circuit 3 and the input end of the boost impedance circuit 5, and is used for performing timing charging while the live wire L is electrically connected with the power supply load S to ensure that the power supply load S is conducted when the KA main switch 1 is conducted;
the power self-adaptive circuit 3 is used for conducting full-bridge rectification when the power supply load S is a low-power load (mainly a low-power LED lamp) while the KA main switch 1 conducts the electric connection between the live wire L and the power supply load S to ensure that the power supply load S is conducted, and the power taking power MOS tube is cut off due to the fact that the output voltage is lower than the upper limit voltage; or half-wave rectification is carried out when the power supply load S is a high-power load, the output voltage reaches the upper limit voltage to enable the power taking power MOS tube to be conducted, charging is stopped in a short circuit mode, and the output direct-current voltage is ensured to be stable; it should be noted that the low-power supply load is rectified in a full-bridge manner, the power taking MOS tube is cut off, and the high-power supply load is automatically converted into half-wave charging, so that the switching frequency is reduced by one time to reduce the switching loss, and most importantly, the low-power and the high-power can meet the power supply requirement of the relay coil;
the output end of the resistance-raising circuit 5 is connected with the coil voltage end of a three-way relay switch (such as KA 1-KA 3) in the KA main switch 1, and the current-raising function is achieved, so that the three-way relay coil (such as KA 1-KA 3) can work normally, and the power application range of the electronic switch can be expanded to 1-1000 w;
the input end of the air-break unlocking circuit 6 is connected with the output end of the intelligent module input-output circuit 7 and the power supply load S end, and the output end of the air-break unlocking circuit is connected with the coil control end of a three-way relay switch (such as KA 1-KA 3) in the KA main switch 1, so that the air-break unlocking circuit is used for air-break protection and ensures that a corresponding relay coil is in a power-off state when no load exists and no lamp exists;
the input end of the intelligent module input/output circuit 7 is connected with an external signal source, and is used for receiving an external signal and remotely controlling a three-way relay switch (such as KA 1-KA 3) in the KA main switch 1 when receiving the external signal. The external signal sources connected to the intelligent module input/output circuit 7 include, but are not limited to, a button control circuit, a 433 receiving module output circuit, a touch integrated output circuit, and an APP network signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the high voltage isolation power supply 2 includes a rectifier bridge UR, an isolation transformer TR1, a switching power tube V1, and a photocoupler OP 1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the switching power tube V1 is a high-voltage power MOS tube, and a source electrode is connected with a current-limiting resistor R0 in series;
the output end of the rectifier bridge UR is connected with an overvoltage protection voltage dependent resistor Rv in parallel and is connected with the input end of an isolation transformer TR1 through a filter circuit consisting of a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C3;
the output end of the isolation transformer TR1 is connected with a DC power supply V through a rectifier diodeCC1、VCC2Connecting;
the light-emitting tube side of the photoelectric coupler OP1 is connected with a direct current voltage stabilization feedback circuit formed by a resistor R1 and a pulse feedback circuit formed by a diode VD 1.
It should be noted that the switching power tube V1 in the high-voltage isolated power supply 2 is implemented by an MOS transistor with low loss and high efficiency, and the no-load current is only 10 μ a, so that the low-power LED lamp does not flicker or brighten slightly, the series resistor R0 has the function of limiting the maximum current, and the switching power tube V1 is not easily damaged; the low-frequency filtering (R2, C2) and the overvoltage protection piezoresistor Rv enhance the anti-surge capacity, the high-frequency small-capacitor filtering (R3, C3) has small energy storage but enough use, and the switching power tube V1 is not easy to damage; the pulse feedback circuit has the advantages of fast response, small voltage fluctuation, small no-load current and the like, direct current feedback can stabilize direct current voltage, and the combination performance of the direct current feedback and the direct current voltage is more stable and reliable.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the dc timed charge control circuit 4 includes a leading edge detection circuit 41, a differentiation and emitter follower circuit 42, and a timing control circuit 43; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the leading edge detection circuit 41 is connected with the positive voltage end of the bridge rectification output of the KA main switch 1, and the output end is connected with the input end of the differential and emitter follower circuit 42; the leading edge detection circuit 41 comprises a resistor R9 and a resistor R10 which are connected in series, wherein the middle point is the output end of the leading edge detection circuit;
the output terminal of the differentiating and emitter follower circuit 42 is connected to the output terminal of the timer circuit 43; the differentiating and emitter follower circuit 42 comprises a differentiating circuit formed by serially connecting a capacitor C9 and a resistor R11 and an emitter follower circuit formed by a transistor T4;
the input end of the timing control circuit 43 is connected with the input end of the power self-adaptive circuit 3; the timing control circuit 43 is formed by connecting a capacitor C12 and a resistor R12 in parallel, and the time is set to 19.5ms at a frequency of 50 HZ.
It should be noted that the position of the leading edge in the leading edge detection circuit 41 is irrelevant to the power, so that the rated conduction time of the diode inside the power MOS transistor V2 is ensured to be less than 1ms, and the heat generation is small; the differential time in the differential and emitter follower circuit 42 is designed to be 0.1ms, the power time is approximately unchanged, and the influence on the conduction time of an internal parasitic diode VD4 in a power MOS tube V2 is small; the timing control circuit 43 is unblocked when the power supply load S is once turned on, and enters a blocked state after 19.5ms, and the parasitic diode VD4 inside the power MOS transistor V2 is turned on for only 0.5ms, and thus, the heat generation is small. For example, at 5A, the parasitic diode VD4 drops by 0.8V, and the threshold voltage VDs of the power MOS transistor V2 becomes 0.02V (4m Ω × 5A), which is 40 times less heat generation. Since the charging is started at 350 °, the charging is started at zero voltage inevitably due to the half wave, and the charging rush current is small and safer.
At this time, the power adaptive circuit 3 includes a bridge rectification power-taking circuit 31, a voltage detection and output circuit 32, an analog load circuit 33, a power conversion circuit 34 and a voltage holding circuit 35 which are connected in sequence; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the bridge rectification power-taking circuit 31 is connected with a normally open contact and a live wire which are common to the three relay switches in the KA main switch 1; the bridge rectification power-taking circuit 31 is formed by parasitic diodes VD4 and VD5 of a power-taking MOS tube and external diodes VD2 and VD3 of the power-taking MOS tube;
the voltage detection and output circuit 32 is formed by a voltage stabilizing diode VZ1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a switching triode T2, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C6; wherein, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 form a sampling circuit; the resistor R6 and the capacitor C6 form a delay circuit, and the time is set to be 40ms which is far more than 20 ms;
the analog load circuit 33 is formed by a power MOS transistor V4 and a resistor R7;
the power conversion circuit 34 is connected with the grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube in the KA main switch 1; wherein, the power conversion circuit is formed by a power supply special chip U0;
the voltage holding circuit 35 is formed by connecting a resistor R8 and a capacitor C8 in parallel.
It should be noted that the analog load circuit 33 is mainly used for analog loads, the resistor R7 needs an LED lamp with 5w power to maintain, so as to ensure that the small LED does not switch, once the small LED is reached, the power MOS transistor V4 is turned off, the analog load power consumption is zero, and the power MOS transistor V2 can be maintained to be turned on even if the power is small after switching. At this time, the smaller the resistance of the resistor R7, the larger the power required for conversion, and the larger the relative loss, if the resistance of the resistor R7 is too large, the stable working state cannot be maintained after conversion, so that the full-bridge and half-wave are in jumping; the voltage detection and output circuit 32 mainly ensures that the output voltage Vcc2 is approximately unchanged when the load is 1kw or 10w, does not play a role in detecting the voltage of the load of 1-3w, has no loss, and ensures that the Vcc2 has enough voltage; the voltage holding circuit 35 holds the voltage for about 30ms, which is longer than 20ms (50HZ), and keeps V3 turned on (VG2 is Vcc3) once per week, thus automatically changing the bridge to half-wave. The bridge type and half-wave conversion voltage is set to be 20V, the highest charging voltage of a low-power load is 19.5V, the low-power load cannot be turned over, the full wave is changed into the half wave when the power is more than 10w and the set voltage is reached, the larger the power is, the shorter the set time is, namely, the narrower the charging pulse is, so that the output direct current voltage Vcc2 can be always kept approximately unchanged, once the charging voltage reaches 20V, the power taking MOS tube is conducted, the input is short-circuited, the charging is immediately finished, and the voltage cannot rise.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the impedance boosting circuit 5 includes a narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit 51 and a step-down chopper circuit 52; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit 51 is connected with the output end of the direct current timing charging control circuit 3, and the output end is connected with the input end of the step-down chopper circuit 52; the narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit 51 is formed by a singlechip U4, a resistor R15, a capacitor C10 and a power MOS transistor V6;
the output end of the step-down chopper circuit 52 is connected with the coil voltage end of the three-way relay switch in the KA main switch 1; the buck chopper circuit 52 is formed by a power MOS transistor V5, an inductor Ls, and a freewheeling diode VD 6.
It should be noted that the narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit 51 uses a single chip to generate narrow pulses, and has few peripheral elements and accurate duty ratio; the buck chopper circuit 52 draws more energy from the constant current load by increasing the equivalent resistance in order to ensure that the low power load has sufficient dc power. If the blood pressure reduction ratio is 4: 1, the load resistance is 100 Ω, which is equivalent to an equivalent resistance of 1600 Ω at the input end, which is equivalent to 16 times larger absorbed power. The power MOS tube V6 controls the on-off of the power MOS tube V5, namely the duty ratio; the resistor R15 and the capacitor C10 form a differential circuit, which mainly accelerates the on-off of the power MOS transistor V5 and can effectively reduce the switching loss of the power MOS transistor V5 in the high-frequency step-down chopper circuit 52.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 5, the empty unlock lock circuit 6 is formed by a schmitt integrated inverter U5-1B, an inverter U5-1A and a voltage detection filter circuit which are connected in series; wherein, R is17、R18、R19The capacitor C11 is a filter capacitor for the voltage detection resistor.
It should be noted that the empty unlock circuit 6 can ensure that the coil of the corresponding relay switch is not powered when no load exists, and has no loss. If there is no empty unlocking circuit 6, the power supply voltage drops greatly due to the phenomenon that the relay coil is closed but charging current cannot be generated, and the power supply cannot work normally or even die. The principle of the no-load unlock circuit is to utilize the return difference characteristic of the Schmitt integrated inverter V5 without affecting the normal operation under load.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the input end of the intelligent switch input/output circuit 7 is connected to the button control circuit, the 433 receiving module output circuit, the touch integrated output circuit and the APP network signal, respectively, and the output end is connected to the input end of the blank unlock circuit 6. The intelligent switch input-output circuit 7 is formed by an intelligent module U6 and peripheral circuits thereof.
It should be noted that, the intelligent switch input/output circuit 7 receives a touch signal, a button signal, a 433MHZ remote control signal or a mobile phone APP signal, the intelligent module U6 outputs a level corresponding to UO1, UO2, UO3 to control the on/off of the contacts of the corresponding three-way relay, and the power-taking power MOS transistor V2 and V3 form a path of the power supply load S, so that the power supply load S is powered.
The working principle of the KA type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch in the embodiment of the invention is that a single live wire means that only a live wire is used without a zero wire in the switch, which is completely consistent with the traditional mechanical switch, but the requirement on a power supply is high, the switch is in an off state (off), the standby current is less than 50 muA, otherwise, a small LED flickers or ghost fire (slight brightness) appears.
Therefore, the KA main switch 1 is in an off state (namely relay switches KA 1-KA 3 are all turned off), the tiny electric leakage of the series load is used as an intelligent switch power supply direct source power supply, and the operation is completed through the high-voltage isolation power supply 2; the KA main switch 1 is in an on state (namely the relay switches KA 1-KA 3 are all attracted), the power supply load S is conducted, the power supply power MOS tubes V2 and V3 which are connected with the load in series are used for being instantly disconnected, the load current is used as a working power supply of the intelligent switch, the charging is carried out through the direct current timing charging control circuit 4, the heat productivity of the power supply power MOSEFT which is connected with the relay switch contacts in series is reduced, full-bridge or half-wave rectification is carried out by the power self-adaptive circuit 3 in the charging process, and enough direct current power supply energy is guaranteed to be carried by the low-power supply load through the resistance-raising circuit 5, so that the relay switch of the KA main switch 1 can normally work.
Simultaneously, can also receive touch signal, button signal, 433MHZ remote control signal or cell-phone APP signal through intelligent object input/output circuit 7 and carry out on-off control to KA main switch 1, the coil of the relay switch that corresponds when empty kaifeng lock circuit 6 guarantees not having the lamp is the power failure, and is lossless.
Experiments prove that: the switching circuit lamp is not flashed, a 1-3w power supply load energy distribution network is adopted, a 1-3w power supply load energy drives a common relay, and when the load power is 2kw, the MOSEFT temperature rise of the power for electricity taking is less than 20 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-voltage isolation power supply is connected to a connecting line and a live wire between the KA main switch and the power supply load, and when the KA main switch is turned off and the live wire is electrically connected with the power supply load, direct current is supplied to the control circuit, so that the standby current of the power supply load is less than 50 muA, and the phenomena of flickering and ghost fire of the low-power LED lamp can be effectively prevented;
2. the invention carries out full-bridge rectification on a low-power supply load or half-wave rectification and conversion on a high-power supply load in the power self-adaptive circuit, and can expand the power range of a voltage switch from 1w to 1000 w;
3. in the direct-current timing charging circuit, timing control is adopted, so that the switching frequency of the power taking MOS tube and the conduction time of the diode in the MOS tube are reduced, and the heat productivity of the power taking power MOSEFT connected with the relay switch contact in series can be obviously reduced;
4. when the KA main switch is conducted and the live wire is electrically connected with the power supply load, the output end of the resistance raising circuit is connected with the coil voltage end of the three relay switches in the KA main switch to raise the current to ensure the normal work of the relay switches, so that the technical barriers that a low-power supply load cannot be distributed with a network and cannot drive a common relay can be effectively overcome;
5. according to the invention, through the empty unsealing lock, the phenomenon that the load cannot generate charging current due to the actuation of the relay switch is avoided, so that the problems that the power supply voltage drops greatly, the normal work is influenced, and even the halt is caused are effectively prevented.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A KA type single live wire wall intelligent switch is arranged between a live wire and a power supply load and is characterized by comprising a KA main switch, a high-voltage isolation power supply, a power self-adaptive circuit, a direct-current timing charging control circuit, a boost impedance circuit, an idle unsealing lock circuit and an intelligent module input/output circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the KA main switch consists of a relay KA normally open contact and a power taking MOS tube connected in series, is connected between a live wire and a power supply load in series, and is provided with four wiring terminals, three relay switches and a power taking power MOS tube, wherein the four wiring terminals are used for respectively connecting the live wire and the power supply load; one end of a normally open contact of the three-way relay switch is respectively connected with three wiring terminals for connecting a power supply load, and the other end of the normally open contact of the three-way relay switch is connected with a drain electrode of the power taking power MOS tube and an input end of the direct-current timing charging control circuit after being connected together in parallel; the source electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with a live wire, and the grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the output end of the power self-adaptive circuit; the KA main switch is used for electrically connecting a live wire and a power supply load when one or more of the power taking power MOS tube and the three-way relay switch are in a conducting state; or when the three relay switches are all in a cut-off state, the electric connection between the live wire and the power supply load is cut off;
the high-voltage isolation power supply is connected to a connecting line and a live wire between the KA main switch and the power supply load and is used for providing direct current for the direct current timing charging control circuit when the KA main switch is turned off;
the output end of the direct-current timing charging control circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the power self-adaptive circuit and the input end of the resistance-raising circuit and is used for electrically connecting a live wire and a power supply load when the KA main switch is switched on so as to ensure that the power supply load is switched on and simultaneously carry out direct-current timing charging to reduce the heating of the power-taking MOS tube;
the power self-adaptive circuit is used for conducting full-bridge rectification on low power while ensuring that a power supply load is conducted due to the electric connection between a live wire and the power supply load when the KA main switch is conducted, and stopping the power taking power MOS tube when the output voltage is lower than the upper limit voltage; or half-wave rectification is carried out when the power supply load is correspondingly large-power, and the power-taking power MOS tube is conducted when the output voltage reaches the upper limit voltage so as to stop charging to stabilize the output voltage;
the output end of the resistance raising circuit is connected with a coil power supply voltage end of a three-way relay switch in the KA main switch and used for raising current so as to ensure the normal work of the relay switch;
the input end of the air-break unlocking circuit is connected with the output end of the intelligent module input-output circuit and a power supply load wiring end, and the output end of the air-break unlocking circuit is connected with coil control ends of three relay switches in the KA main switch, so that the air-break unlocking circuit is used for air-break protection and ensures that the corresponding relay coil is in a power-off state when no power supply load exists;
the input end of the intelligent module input/output circuit is connected with an external signal source and used for receiving external signals and directly or remotely controlling three relay switches in the KA main switch when the external signals are received;
the power-taking power MOS tube comprises a power MOS tube V2 and a power MOS tube V3 which are connected in series, the drain electrode of the power MOS tube V2 is connected with the KA main switch, the source electrode of the power MOS tube V3 is connected with the source electrode of the power MOS tube V3, the drain electrode of the power MOS tube V3 is connected with the L live wire, and the grid electrodes of the power MOS tube V2 and the power MOS tube V3 are connected with the output end of the power self-adaptive circuit.
2. The KA-type single-live-wire wall intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage isolation power supply comprises a rectifier bridge UR, an isolation transformer TR1, a switching power tube V1 and a photocoupler OP 1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the switching power tube V1 is a high-voltage power MOS tube, and a source electrode is connected with a current-limiting resistor R0 in series;
the output end of the rectifier bridge UR is connected with an overvoltage protection voltage dependent resistor Rv in parallel and is connected with the input end of the isolation transformer TR1 through a filter circuit consisting of a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C3;
the output end of the isolation transformer TR1 is connected with a direct-current power supply;
the side of a light-emitting tube in the photoelectric coupler OP1 is connected with a direct current voltage stabilization feedback circuit formed by a resistor R1 and is also connected with a pulse feedback circuit formed by a diode VD 1.
3. The KA-type single fire line wall intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein the power adaptive circuit comprises a bridge type rectification circuit, an upper limit voltage detection and output circuit, an analog load circuit, a power conversion circuit and a voltage holding circuit which are connected in sequence; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the bridge type rectification power-taking circuit is connected with common normally-open contacts and a common live wire of the three relay switches in the KA main switch; the bridge rectification power-taking circuit consists of parasitic diodes VD4 and VD5 of the power-taking power MOS tube and external diodes VD2 and VD3 of the power-taking power MOS tube, and the output of the bridge rectification power-taking circuit is high direct-current supply voltage VCC1(ii) a The power taking power MOS tube comprises power MOS tubes V2 and V3 which are connected in series;
the upper limit voltage detection and output circuit is formed by a voltage stabilizing diode VZ1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a switching triode T2, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C6; wherein, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 form a sampling circuit; the resistor R6 and the capacitor C6 form a time delay circuit;
the analog load circuit is formed by a power MOS transistor V4 and a resistor R7;
the power conversion circuit is connected with a grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube in the KA main switch; the power conversion circuit is formed by a power supply special chip U0;
the voltage holding circuit is formed by connecting a resistor R8 and a capacitor C8 in parallel.
4. The KA-type single fire line wall intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein the impedance boosting circuit comprises a narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit and a buck chopper circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit is connected with the output end of the integrated U5 in the empty unlocking and locking circuit, and the output end of the narrow pulse forming and blocking circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage reduction chopper circuit; the narrow pulse forming circuit is arranged in the single chip microcomputer U4 and is controlled by the output voltage of the integrated U5, and the differential resistor R15, the capacitor C10 and the MOS transistor V6 form a chopping drive circuit;
the output end of the buck chopper circuit is connected with a coil power supply voltage end of a three-way relay switch in the KA main switch; the buck chopper circuit is formed by a power MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor V5, an inductor Ls and a freewheeling diode VD 6.
5. The KA-type single fire line wall intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein the empty unsealing lock circuit is formed by a smith integrated inverter U5-1B, an inverter U5-1A and a detection filter circuit connected in series; wherein R is17、R18、R19The capacitor C11 is a filter capacitor for the voltage detection resistor.
6. The KA type single fire wire wall intelligent switch of claim 1, wherein the external signal source connected to the intelligent module input output circuit comprises button control circuit, 433 receiving module output circuit, touch integrated output circuit and APP network signal.
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| CN106465519A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-02-22 | 首尔半导体株式会社 | Alternating current-driven light emitting element lighting apparatus |
| CN108923424A (en) * | 2018-08-12 | 2018-11-30 | 东莞市迅迪电子有限公司 | A kind of single-fire-wire electronic switch circuit |
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| CN212034395U (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-11-27 | 刘冰冰 | Bluetooth directly links sky cat or zigbee intelligence wall switch single control circuit |
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| CN106465519A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-02-22 | 首尔半导体株式会社 | Alternating current-driven light emitting element lighting apparatus |
| CN108923424A (en) * | 2018-08-12 | 2018-11-30 | 东莞市迅迪电子有限公司 | A kind of single-fire-wire electronic switch circuit |
| CN208752178U (en) * | 2018-08-25 | 2019-04-16 | 东莞市迅迪电子有限公司 | A kind of list firewire switching load detection circuit |
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