CN112865589A - Road energy harvesting device based on lever principle and friction nanometer power generation - Google Patents
Road energy harvesting device based on lever principle and friction nanometer power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112865589A CN112865589A CN202110131791.1A CN202110131791A CN112865589A CN 112865589 A CN112865589 A CN 112865589A CN 202110131791 A CN202110131791 A CN 202110131791A CN 112865589 A CN112865589 A CN 112865589A
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lever principle and friction nanometer power generation-based road energy harvesting device which comprises a lever bracket, a paper folding base energy harvesting structure, a lower substrate, an upper substrate, a lever wane and a packaging shell. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high mechanical energy collection and conversion efficiency, high output voltage, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road energy collection and utilization, in particular to a road energy harvesting device based on a lever principle and friction nanometer power generation.
Background
With the introduction of intelligent pavements, the supply of energy in the road environment is the basis of information-aware acquisition, integrated processing, and comprehensive services. In order to ensure self-maintenance of roads, solar energy, wind energy, heat energy and mechanical energy in the environment are gradually collected and utilized and converted into electric energy. However, in the field of energy conversion in road engineering, the collection of solar energy, thermal energy and wind energy, except for mechanical energy, is susceptible to the influence and interference of environmental factors, and the conversion efficiency is not easy to guarantee. In addition, the road environment is one of the most enriched places of mechanical energy, and energy conversion methods based on electromagnetic induction, piezoelectric effect and pyroelectric have been widely adopted, but all of them have the defects of low energy conversion efficiency, narrow frequency band, excessive signal sensitivity, and the like. Based on this, triboelectric nanogenerators with high open-circuit voltage and much higher instantaneous energy conversion efficiency than other energy harvesting devices such as piezoelectricity, magnetoelectricity and the like gradually appear in recent years, but most of the currently researched triboelectric nanogenerators need appropriate chemical and physical modification on the surface of a friction layer to increase the quantity of transferred charges, and the treatments are complex in process, high in cost and difficult to be applied in large quantities. In summary, the road mechanical energy can be effectively collected and utilized in a low-frequency range in a simple mode, and the road mechanical energy is converted into electric energy with stable signals, so that the road mechanical energy collection and utilization method has a wide application prospect in the field of road engineering.
A road energy harvesting device in the prior art, such as a road surface energy collecting device disclosed in chinese patent CN204145333U, includes a box body, a sealing ring, a pressure plate, an array cantilever beam piezoelectric energy harvester, and a vibrating block; the vibrating block is arranged in the middle of the box body; a pressure spring is arranged between the vibrating block and the bottom of the box body; the array cantilever beam piezoelectric energy harvesters are arranged on the vibrating block in pairs; the array cantilever beam piezoelectric energy harvester comprises a cantilever beam; the cantilever beam is provided with a piezoelectric layer; the tail end of the cantilever beam is provided with a first permanent magnet; a second permanent magnet is arranged on the inner wall of the box body corresponding to the first permanent magnet; the polarities of the adjacent ends of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are the same; the pressing plate is matched with the box body in a sealing way through a sealing ring; the lower surface of the pressing plate presses the upper end of the vibrating block. The road surface energy collecting device in the patent can realize conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy, but the conversion efficiency is low, and the manufacturing cost of the device is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a road energy harvesting device based on the lever principle and friction nanometer power generation, which has high mechanical energy collection and conversion efficiency, high output voltage and low cost.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a road energy harvesting device based on lever principle and friction nanometer power generation comprises a lever bracket, a paper folding base energy harvesting structure, a lower substrate, an upper substrate, a lever wane and a packaging shell;
the lever bracket, the paper folding base energy capturing structure, the lower substrate, the upper substrate and the lever wane are respectively arranged in the packaging shell; the lower substrate is fixed at the bottom of the lever bracket; the upper substrate is rotatably connected with the lever bracket and is arranged at the top of the lever bracket; the lever wane is arranged at the top of the upper substrate and is rotationally connected with the lever bracket; the paper folding base energy capturing structure is arranged between the lower substrate and the upper substrate; the top surface of the paper folding base energy capturing structure is connected with the upper substrate, and the bottom surface of the paper folding base energy capturing structure is connected with the lower substrate.
Preferably, the bottom of the lever bracket is provided with an inverted V-shaped protrusion; the shapes of the lower substrate and the paper folding base energy capturing structure are matched with the shape of the lever bracket, the lower substrate is attached to the inverted V-shaped structure of the lever bracket, and the paper folding base energy capturing structure is attached to the lower substrate.
More preferably, the lower substrate comprises a first elastic sponge plate and a first acrylic plate; the first elastic sponge plate and the first acrylic plate are both of inverted V-shaped structures; one end of the first acrylic plate is attached to the inverted V-shaped structure of the lever bracket, and the other end of the first acrylic plate is attached to the first elastic sponge plate; the other end of the first elastic sponge plate is attached to the bottom surface of the paper folding base energy trapping structure;
the upper substrate comprises a second elastic sponge plate and a second acrylic plate; one end of the second acrylic plate is attached to the lever wane, and the other end of the second acrylic plate is attached to the second elastic sponge plate; the other end of the second elastic sponge plate is attached to the top surface of the paper folding base energy capturing structure.
More preferably, the number of the folded paper base energy capturing structures is two, and the folded paper base energy capturing structures are symmetrically arranged on the first elastic sponge plate.
Preferably, the paper folding base energy capturing structure comprises a paper folding carrier, a positive friction layer, a negative friction layer, a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the paper folding carrier is provided with a positive electrode, a positive friction layer and a corresponding negative electrode and a negative friction layer in sequence on the inner surfaces which can be contacted with each other; the road energy harvesting device is provided with positive and negative leads, the positive and negative leads are welded on the paper folding carrier and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode so as to realize the normal output of electrostatic induction charges.
More preferably, the paper folding carrier is specifically: a paper folding carrier with a water board paper folding structure is adopted.
More preferably, the positive friction layer is a friction layer made of copper foil; the negative friction layer is a friction layer made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); the positive electrode and the negative electrode are both made of copper foils.
More preferably, the road energy harvesting device is provided with a rectification module; the input end of the rectifying module is respectively connected with the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and the output end of the rectifying module is connected with the energy storage module or the electric load.
More preferably, the rectification module is a full-wave rectification module.
Preferably, the package housing is specifically: and the packaging shell is made of a silica gel plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the mechanical energy collection and conversion efficiency is improved: the road energy harvesting device adopts a lever structure design, so that the collection and conversion efficiency of mechanical energy can be obviously improved, the collection of the mechanical energy is amplified to be carried out in a longer time, the discharge capacity of the energy harvesting device is effectively accumulated, and the collection and conversion efficiency of the mechanical energy is greatly improved.
Second, the output voltage is high: the road energy harvesting device provided by the invention has the advantages that the contact friction area of the simple single-layer vertical contact-separation mode friction nano generator is obviously increased through the multi-layer paper folding structure, the application of a complex chemical/physical etching process is avoided, the friction electrification and electrostatic induction effects are further improved, and the output voltage is effectively increased.
Thirdly, the cost is low: the road energy harvesting device adopts a paper folding elastic system, and due to the high elastic recovery capacity of the paper folding elastic system, the arrangement of a spring structure can be reduced, the cost is low, and the efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a road energy harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main body of the road energy harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a main body of the road energy harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a paper folding carrier of the road energy harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of folds of a paper folding carrier of the road energy harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifying module of the road energy harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an output voltage of a road energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a deceleration strip using a road energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures indicate:
1. lever support, 2, paper folding base energy harvesting structure, 3, infrabasal plate, 4, upper substrate, 5, lever wane, 6, encapsulation shell, 7, rectifier module, 301, first elasticity sponge board, 302, first ya keli board, 401, second elasticity sponge board, 402, second ya keli board.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a road energy harvesting device based on lever principle and friction nanometer electricity generation, its structure is shown in figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3, including lever support 1, roll over paper base energy harvesting structure 2, infrabasal plate 3, upper substrate 4, lever wane 5 and encapsulation shell 6, lever support 1, roll over paper base energy harvesting structure 2, infrabasal plate 3, upper substrate 4 and lever wane 5 are installed respectively in encapsulation shell 6, infrabasal plate 4 is fixed in the bottom of lever support 1, upper substrate 4 rotates with lever support 1 to be connected, install at the top of lever support 1, lever wane 5 installs at the top of upper substrate 4, rotate with lever support 1 and link to each other, roll over paper base energy harvesting structure 2 and install between infrabasal plate 3 and upper substrate 4, roll over paper base energy harvesting structure 2 top surface and upper substrate 4 link to each other, the bottom surface links to each other with infrabasal plate 3.
The folded paper-based energy capturing structures 2 are symmetrically distributed, and the upper substrate 3 and the lower substrate 4 have the functions of energy slow release and protection. The lever principle can ensure intermittent and continuous energy harvesting work under the action of moving load, and the effective conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy is realized.
The bottom of the lever bracket 1 is provided with an inverted V-shaped protrusion, the shapes of the lower substrate 3 and the paper folding base energy capturing structure 2 are matched with the shape of the lever bracket 1, the lower substrate 3 is attached to the inverted V-shaped structure of the lever bracket 1, and the paper folding base energy capturing structure 2 is attached to the lower substrate 3.
The infrabasal plate 3 includes first elasticity sponge board 301 and first ya keli board 302, first elasticity sponge board 301 and first ya keli board 302 are the type of falling V structure, the type of falling V structure laminating of the one end of first ya keli board 302 and lever support 1, the other end and the laminating of first elasticity sponge board, the other end and the laminating of the bottom surface of the paper folding base energy capturing structure 2 of first elasticity sponge board 301, the upper substrate 4 includes second elasticity sponge board 401 and second ya keli board 402, the one end and the laminating of lever wane 5 of second ya keli board 402, the other end and the laminating of second elasticity sponge board 401, the other end and the laminating of the top surface of paper folding base energy capturing structure 2 of second elasticity sponge board 401.
The elastic sponge plate and the acrylic plate are both made of high-strength plates, and on one hand, the high-hardness acrylic plate can ensure better smoothness to a certain extent and ensure the full contact of materials of the two friction layers; on the other hand, the adoption of the high-density elastic sponge plate can enlarge the friction effect of contact to be completed in a longer time, and has the function of improving the friction effect and playing a role of electric energy.
The number of the folding paper base energy capturing structures 2 in this embodiment is two, and the two folding paper base energy capturing structures are symmetrically arranged on the first elastic sponge plate 301.
The folded paper-based energy harvesting structure 2 comprises a folded paper carrier, a positive friction layer, a negative friction layer, a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode, the positive friction layer and the corresponding negative electrode and negative friction layer are sequentially arranged on the inner surfaces of the folded paper carrier, which can be in contact with each other, the road energy harvesting device is provided with positive and negative leads, and the positive and negative leads are welded on the folded paper carrier and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode so as to realize the normal output of electrostatic induction charges.
The adoption of the paper folding structure can increase the friction contact surface area through the arrangement of a multilayer structure on the premise of a certain contact area, thereby obviously amplifying the friction electrification and electrostatic induction efficiency of the paper folding base friction nano power generation device.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the paper folding carrier in this embodiment is in a waterbomb structure, which not only can realize complete folding, but also can be unfolded into a complete plane. Compared with Muria, a common hexagonal paper folding structure and the like, the paper folding device has higher utilization rate, has larger friction layer area in the same floor area, amplifies friction electrification and static induction efficiency with higher efficiency, and has the friction layer area of a waterbomb structure in unit floor area as high as 5.83.
In this embodiment, the positive electrode friction layer, the positive electrode, and the negative electrode are all copper foils, and the negative electrode friction layer is a friction layer made of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, which can light up 15 LED diodes in a vertical contact-separation mode.
In fig. 5, the solid line represents a ridge line, the dotted line represents a valley line, the ridge line is folded upward, the valley line is folded downward, the copper foil and PTFE are respectively bonded to two small units adjacent to each other above and below the PTFE, and the copper foil is bonded above the PTFE as an electrode layer corresponding to the negative electrode friction layer. And corresponding leads are pasted on the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer so as to measure and output the electrical signals.
Example 3
The road energy harvesting device is provided with a rectifying module 7, as shown in fig. 6, the input end of the rectifying module 7 is respectively connected with the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and the output end of the rectifying module is connected with an energy storage module or an electric load, so that short-time storage and efficient utilization of energy can be realized, the electrical output efficiency of the energy harvesting device is improved on one hand, and the time for releasing an electric signal is prolonged on the other hand.
The rectifying module 7 in this embodiment is a full-wave rectifying module.
Example 4
The package housing 6 is specifically: the packaging shell is made of a silica gel plate, the silica gel plate has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high tensile rate, high wear resistance, high damping effect and high elasticity, and a lead of the energy harvesting device needs to be led out of the packaging structure.
In the initial state of the road energy harvesting device in the embodiment, namely when no vehicle passes through, friction layer materials are mutually separated, when the vehicle passes through, the energy harvesting device is subjected to the action of external load, the two friction layer materials are mutually contacted and rubbed, and the positive friction layer material and the negative friction layer material are respectively provided with positive charges and negative charges due to different capacities of triboelectrification and electron gaining; further, when the external load is removed, under the action of an external potential, the two electrode layer materials are separated from each other and carry equal amounts of different-sign charges due to the electrostatic induction effect. After periodic contact-separation, the generated electrical signal is alternating current, as shown in fig. 7, the alternating current generated in the two half-wave currents is fully utilized in a full-wave rectification mode, and is converted into direct current to supply power to a subsequent LED diode or a buzzer through a proper control switch.
The road energy harvesting device in the embodiment has higher open-circuit voltage output as shown in fig. 7, the output voltage is about 250V, the road energy harvesting device can be applied to static measurement of mechanical movement of vehicles in a road system, and electrical signals output by the road energy harvesting device can be used as road street lamps, traffic signal sign lines and comprise speed/acceleration sensors, displacement sensors, stress/strain sensors, temperature sensors and the like for power supply.
Example 5
The road energy harvesting device can be embedded into a speed bump structure with high mechanical energy consumption, as shown in figure 8,
the design of the mechanical energy collecting device for the road speed bump needs to consider the following problems:
(1) the size of each part of the energy harvesting device needs to ensure that the whole body can bear the action of the traffic load and is not crushed;
(2) the overall size of the device meets the requirement of embedding in a road deceleration strip, and the surface areas of the upper and lower polar plates with larger sizes are selected as far as possible on the basis of the requirement so as to reduce the influence of the edge effect as far as possible.
The road energy harvesting device is applied to the deceleration strip, mechanical energy wasted when vehicles pass through can be efficiently converted into electric energy, the problem of high energy demand in a road infrastructure system is relieved to a certain extent, and waste of energy is changed into wealth. The road energy harvesting devices distributed in an array can be connected in series or in parallel, and when the main load has higher requirement on voltage signals and the current can be ignored, the road energy harvesting devices are connected in series; the requirement on current signals is high, and when the voltage is negligible, the current signals are connected in a parallel connection mode; and when the voltage and the current can not meet the requirements, the circuit is debugged in a series-parallel connection combined mode.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A road energy harvesting device based on a lever principle and friction nanometer power generation is characterized by comprising a lever bracket (1), a paper folding base energy harvesting structure (2), a lower substrate (3), an upper substrate (4), a lever wane (5) and a packaging shell (6);
the lever bracket (1), the paper folding base energy capturing structure (2), the lower substrate (3), the upper substrate (4) and the lever wane (5) are respectively arranged in the packaging shell (6); the lower substrate (4) is fixed at the bottom of the lever bracket (1); the upper base plate (4) is rotatably connected with the lever bracket (1) and is arranged at the top of the lever bracket (1); the lever wane (5) is arranged at the top of the upper base plate (4) and is rotatably connected with the lever bracket (1); the paper folding base energy harvesting structure (2) is arranged between the lower substrate (3) and the upper substrate (4); the top surface of the paper folding base energy capturing structure (2) is connected with the upper substrate (4), and the bottom surface is connected with the lower substrate (3).
2. The road energy harvesting device based on the lever principle and friction nanometer power generation of claim 1 is characterized in that the bottom of the lever bracket (1) is provided with an inverted V-shaped protrusion; the shapes of the lower substrate (3) and the paper folding base energy capturing structure (2) are matched with the shape of the lever bracket (1), the lower substrate (3) is attached to the inverted V-shaped structure of the lever bracket (1), and the paper folding base energy capturing structure (2) is attached to the lower substrate (3).
3. The road energy harvesting device based on lever principle and friction nanometer power generation of claim 2, characterized in that the lower substrate (3) comprises a first elastic sponge plate (301) and a first acrylic plate (302); the first elastic sponge plate (301) and the first acrylic plate (302) are both of an inverted V-shaped structure; one end of the first acrylic plate (302) is attached to the inverted V-shaped structure of the lever bracket (1), and the other end of the first acrylic plate is attached to the first elastic sponge plate; the other end of the first elastic sponge plate (301) is attached to the bottom surface of the paper folding base energy trapping structure (2);
the upper substrate (4) comprises a second elastic sponge plate (401) and a second acrylic plate (402); one end of the second acrylic plate (402) is attached to the lever wane (5), and the other end of the second acrylic plate is attached to the second elastic sponge plate (401); the other end of the second elastic sponge plate (401) is attached to the top surface of the paper folding base energy capturing structure (2).
4. The road energy harvesting device based on the lever principle and the friction nanometer power generation is characterized in that the number of the paper folding base energy harvesting structures (2) is two, and the two paper folding base energy harvesting structures are symmetrically arranged on the first elastic sponge plate (301) in a left-right mode.
5. The lever principle and friction nanometer power generation-based road energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the paper folding base energy harvesting structure (2) comprises a paper folding carrier, a positive friction layer, a negative friction layer, a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the paper folding carrier is provided with a positive electrode, a positive friction layer and a corresponding negative electrode and a negative friction layer in sequence on the inner surfaces which can be contacted with each other; the road energy harvesting device is provided with positive and negative leads, the positive and negative leads are welded on the paper folding carrier and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode so as to realize the normal output of electrostatic induction charges.
6. The lever principle and friction nanometer power generation based road energy harvesting device of claim 5, wherein the paper folding carrier is specifically: a paper folding carrier with a water board paper folding structure is adopted.
7. The lever principle and friction nanometer power generation based road energy harvesting device of claim 6, wherein the positive friction layer is a friction layer made of copper foil; the negative friction layer is a friction layer made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); the positive electrode and the negative electrode are both made of copper foils.
8. The lever principle and friction nanometer power generation-based road energy harvesting device of claim 4, wherein the road energy harvesting device is provided with a rectification module (7); the input end of the rectifying module (7) is respectively connected with the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and the output end of the rectifying module is connected with the energy storage module or the electric load.
9. The road energy harvesting device based on the lever principle and the friction nano power generation as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rectification module (7) is a full-wave rectification module.
10. The road energy harvesting device based on the lever principle and the friction nanometer power generation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the package housing (6) is specifically: and the packaging shell is made of a silica gel plate.
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| CN116021534A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-04-28 | 维特瑞交通科技有限公司 | Laser guiding transportation long arm rod piece resonance damping robot |
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Application publication date: 20210528 |