CN112865158A - Energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of comprehensive energy system with alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as core - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage capacity optimal configuration method of a comprehensive energy system taking an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as a core, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring historical data of a power grid, processing and analyzing the data, and calculating the capacity P of the energy storage technologyS(ii) a (2) Calculating power capacity PW(ii) a (3) Calculating the energy storage capacity PE. The invention improves the overall economy and the operation reliability of the comprehensive energy system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed comprehensive energy, and particularly relates to an energy storage capacity optimal configuration method of a comprehensive energy system with an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as a core.
Background
In recent years, the explosive increase of the grid-connected capacity of the distributed power supply in China inevitably causes wind and light abandoning events, reduces the user income and simultaneously influences the safe and stable operation of a power grid.
On the other hand, the structural problem of energy consumption in China is prominent, in 2010, the specific gravity of coal in energy consumption is 69.2%, in 2018, the proportion of coal consumption in primary energy consumption is first lower than 60%, but the specific gravity is still far higher than the average 27.6% in the world in 2017. According to the national strategic action plan for energy development (2014-2020), in 2020, the total amount of coal consumption in China is controlled to be about 42 hundred million tons, the specific gravity is controlled to be within 62%, and the coal consumption in Jingjin Jilu province, four provinces and city is required to be reduced by 1 hundred million tons compared with that in 2012, so that the problems of high energy utilization cost and low efficiency in China are very prominent.
The comprehensive energy is an energy supply system which takes electricity as a core and realizes various services such as power supply, refrigeration, heating and the like, is a core mode of realizing the energy internet at a user side, and the development of the comprehensive energy can effectively improve the energy utilization efficiency of China, improve the comprehensive energy efficiency of the whole society and effectively reduce the investment and operation cost of enterprises, thereby having important significance for promoting the innovation of an energy system.
The comprehensive energy is a novel regional energy supply system, can meet the requirements of high-permeability distributed power supply on-site high-efficiency consumption and improve the utilization efficiency of power grid energy, and can more effectively promote engineering popularization such as 'coal power change', 'photovoltaic poverty alleviation' and the like.
The alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid is an electric network core in the comprehensive energy system, the operation mode is flexible, the comprehensive energy system can be endowed with a more flexible and reliable operation mode, the operation can be converted into off-grid operation when a large power grid fails, and the power supply reliability of users in the comprehensive energy system and the grid-connected benefit of a distributed power supply are guaranteed.
The energy storage is the core of an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid, and can be divided into energy type energy storage materials and power type energy storage materials according to the rated power of the energy storage, the effective discharge duration, the charge-discharge efficiency, the favorite service life, the power density, the energy density and other characteristics. The energy storage system is effectively matched and combined into a composite energy storage system, so that the economical efficiency and the reliability of the system can be improved to the maximum extent.
The energy storage system can effectively stabilize power fluctuation in the comprehensive energy system, the rapid fluctuation of the distributed power supplies is stabilized by using the rapid charging and discharging characteristics of the energy storage system, the power output quality of the power supplies can be obviously improved, the electric energy quality is improved, the impact of the grid connection of the distributed power supplies on a power distribution network is reduced, the operation in a peak clipping and valley filling mode can be realized, the electric energy quality of the system is improved, the power is smoothly output on a certain time scale, and the absorption capacity of the comprehensive energy system on the distributed power supplies is improved. Meanwhile, the energy storage can conveniently realize the adjustment of active power and reactive power, improve the voltage quality of a power grid and improve the voltage stability of a system. In view of this situation, it is necessary to develop a method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an energy storage capacity optimal configuration method of a comprehensive energy system taking an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as a core.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring historical data of a power grid, processing and analyzing the data, and calculating the capacity P of the energy storage technologyS；
(2) Calculating power capacityPW；
(3) Calculating the energy storage capacity PE。
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
in the step (1), calculating the energy storage technology capacity PSWhen the method comprises the following steps of,
a. acquiring historical data of a power grid;
b. energy storage capacity P for maintaining stable system voltage through optimized configurationdy；
c. Energy storage capacity P during distributed power supply output fluctuation in optimized configuration balance systemph；
d. Energy storage capacity P during peak clipping and valley filling by matching optimized configuration with distributed power supply or loadxf。
Further, the step a is to respectively obtain the rated output P of the distributed photovoltaic in the comprehensive energy system1Minimum coefficient of force output K1Amount of fluctuation F1；
Distributed wind power rated output P2Minimum coefficient of force output K2Amount of fluctuation F2；
Rated output P of micro gas turbine, diesel generator and other power supplies3Minimum coefficient of force output K3Amount of fluctuation F3；
Minimum load force P4Maximum load force P5Power P of converter or transformer in point of connection with distribution network6。
Further, in the step b, if the comprehensive energy system needs to be operated off-grid, the energy storage capacity P is maintained when the system voltage is stabledyIs configured to:
according to said PdyCalculating by a configuration formula, and selecting the larger value in the formula as PdyA power set point.
Further, in step c, when the distributed power output fluctuates in the balance system, the energy storage capacity P isphComprises the following steps:
Pph＝P1×F1+P2×F2+P3×F3。
further, in the step d,
when the peak clipping and valley filling strategy is made, the bidirectional power does not exceed the power P of the grid-connected point converter or transformer6Thus, when executing the peak clipping strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set to:
in executing the valley filling strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set as:
Pxf＝|K1×P1+K2×P2+K3×P3-P5-P6|；
Pxfselecting the maximum value calculated in the formula, wherein the duration is 4 h;
further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
in the step (2),
wherein, PGThe total power of a water pump and a motor in the energy storage system is calculated; pcgThe power of the reactive compensation equipment in the comprehensive energy.
In the step (3), the energy storage capacity PEFor energy storage technical capacity PS。
Further, the energy storage capacity PEThe capacity of the energy storage system is the energy type in the energy storage system.
Further, the energy storage capacity PSIs Pdy、Pph、PxfOf 4h duration.
Further, the method also comprises the step (4);
the step (4) is as follows: for the energy storage technical capacity P obtained in the steps (1) to (3)SEnergy storage capacity PEAnd power capacity PWDivided by ((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) × energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency), respectively. Here, the explanation is made: taking the calculation result of (maximum SOC-minimum SOC) and energy storage system charge and discharge efficiency as a denominator, for the sake of clearer expression, a bracket is added after the word "dividing by" two, which indicates that the denominator is the result in the outer bracket, that is: (maximum SOC-minimum SOC) energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency. Therefore ((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) × energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency) is clear.
The invention has the following positive effects:
1. the method and the device perform optimal configuration on the comprehensive energy storage capacity with the AC-DC hybrid micro-grid as the core, fully consider the reliability of the comprehensive energy system in off-grid operation when performing energy optimal configuration, and improve the power supply reliability of the system.
2. The invention reserves sufficient allowance aiming at the structure of the energy storage system, thereby ensuring the stability of the system operation.
3. The invention considers the energy storage material capacities of two different structures of energy storage energy capacity and power capacity, thereby not only solving the problem of the influence of the energy storage system on the reliability of the impact load of a motor and the like, but also improving the power supply reliability of the system to the maximum extent.
4. The method decomposes the energy storage capacity setting into the energy storage technology capacity, the energy storage energy capacity and the power capacity, and sequentially performs the steps when performing the energy storage optimal configuration, thereby having the advantages of strong operability and intuitive calculation result.
5. When the capacity of the energy storage technology is calculated, various working modes of energy storage are fully considered, various functions of peak clipping and valley filling, power grid voltage stability maintaining and the like are calculated respectively, the calculated maximum value is selected, the operation modes of the energy storage system are various, and the overall economy and the operation reliability of the comprehensive energy system are improved.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating classification of basic capacities of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, when capacity optimization configuration of the energy storage system is performed, the basic capacities of the energy storage systems to be designed are power capacities PWEnergy storage capacity PEEnergy storage capacity PS。
Wherein the energy storage capacity PEMainly the capacity of the energy storage system in the energy storage system, power capacity PWMainly the capacity of the energy storage system in the energy storage system, the capacity P of the energy storage technologySThe method is mainly determined according to different functions of the energy storage system, the system is maintained to be stable, and the operation reliability of the system is improved.
The energy storage system has the main functions of:
keeping the system voltage stable.
And secondly, balancing the output fluctuation of the distributed power supply in the system.
And the influence of load in the system and off-grid impact on the system is reduced.
Fourthly, peak clipping and valley filling are carried out by matching with a distributed power supply or a load.
When the energy storage system is configured in a capacity optimization manner, the method comprises the following steps:
in an integrated energy system taking an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as a core, the energy storage capacity is determined according to whether the integrated energy system can run off-grid or not.
(1) Acquiring historical data of a power grid, processing and analyzing the data, and calculating the capacity P of the energy storage technologyS。
In the step (1), calculating the energy storage technology capacity PSWhen the method comprises the following steps of,
a. the method comprises the steps of obtaining historical data of a power grid, wherein the historical data comprises output power curves, load curves and the like of distributed power supplies such as photovoltaic power, wind power and the like, and generating annual minute-level data according to the historical data. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step a is respectively obtaining the rated output P of distributed photovoltaic in the comprehensive energy system1Minimum coefficient of force output K1Amount of fluctuation F1；
Distributed wind power rated output P2Minimum coefficient of force output K2Amount of fluctuation F2；
Rated output P of micro gas turbine, diesel generator and other power supplies3Minimum coefficient of force output K3Amount of fluctuation F3；
Minimum load force P4Maximum load force P5Power P of converter or transformer in point of connection with distribution network6. In the comprehensive energy system, power supplies such as a micro gas turbine and the like may be in a combined cooling heating and power supply mode, and bear a heating or cooling mode for a user, so that the power supplies cannot be easily shut down.
b. Energy storage capacity P for maintaining stable system voltage through optimized configurationdy。
In the step b, if the comprehensive energy system needs to run off-grid, the energy storage capacity P is maintained when the system voltage is stabledyIs configured to:
according to said PdyCalculating by a configuration formula, and selecting the larger value in the formula as PdyA power set point.
If the off-grid operation of the integrated energy system is not needed, the integrated energy system is not consideredPdyThe configuration of (2).
When the distributed power supply is not shut down, the influence of distributed power supply fluctuation on the stability of a power grid is considered, and the fluctuation amount can be selected according to actually measured photovoltaic and wind power output data, or can be directly selected to be 0.1 or 0.15 according to experience.
Calculating according to the formula, and selecting the larger value as PdyA power set point. The required time length is TdyThe power supply time can be calculated according to the local power supply reliability, and can also be selected to be 2h according to experience.
c. Energy storage capacity P during distributed power supply output fluctuation in optimized configuration balance systemph；
In step c, when the output of the distributed power supply in the balance system fluctuates, the maximum power required for energy storage is as follows:
Pph＝P1×F1+P2×F2+P3×F3；
d. energy storage capacity P during peak clipping and valley filling by matching optimized configuration with distributed power supply or loadxf. In the operation time of stabilizing power fluctuation of the energy storage system, if the output of the distributed power supply fluctuates in different directions, the required capacity of energy storage is small, the maximum capacity of the distributed power supply is that the output of the distributed power supply always fluctuates in one direction in the operation time, and the duration time can be selected to be 4h according to experience.
In the step d, the step (c),
in the peak clipping and valley filling mode, the peak clipping and valley filling are mainly carried out on the net load, namely the peak clipping and valley filling are carried out by using the difference value between the load and the power generation power in the system. In order to ensure the continuous use of the energy storage system, it is necessary to ensure that the charge and discharge capacities of the energy storage system are equal as much as possible in one peak clipping and valley filling period.
When the peak clipping and valley filling strategy is made, the bidirectional power does not exceed the power P of the grid-connected point converter or transformer6Thus, when executing the peak clipping strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set to:
when the power output of the power supply in the integrated energy system is small, the energy storage needs to supplement the load power consumption, and the power requirement can be met after the energy storage is added with the minimum output of the distributed power supply; when the power output in the comprehensive energy system is more, the energy storage only needs to meet the power difference.
In executing the valley filling strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set as:
Pxf＝|K1×P1+K2×P2+K3×P3-P5-P6|；
when a valley filling strategy is executed, the energy storage needs to consider that when the distributed power supply has the minimum output and the load is the maximum, the energy storage needs to meet the power difference, and the rated exchange power can be reversely output.
PxfSelecting the maximum value calculated in the formula, wherein the duration is 4 h;
thus, the energy storage capacity PSIs Pdy、Pph、PxfOf 4h duration.
(2) Calculating power capacity PW；
Energy storage power capacity PWThe method can be set according to the power of impact loads in the comprehensive energy system, such as power loads of a water pump, a motor and the like. Setting the power of the power load such as a water pump and a motor as PGThe power of reactive compensation equipment such as SVG, APF and the like in the comprehensive energy is Pcg，
Wherein, PGThe total power of power loads such as a water pump, a motor and the like; pcgThe power of the reactive compensation equipment in the comprehensive energy.
The energy storage capacity PEFor energy storage technical capacity PS。
(3) According to different energy storage structures, reserving the capacity of an energy storage system according to the efficiency and energy consumption indexes, and setting a configuration scheme; in capacity configuration, the energy storage can be designedThe system is a composite energy storage system and comprises an energy type energy storage material and a power type energy storage material. The energy type energy storage material mainly comprises a plurality of batteries, can store more energy, and has the capacity of energy capacity; the power type energy storage material mainly comprises energy storage materials such as a super capacitor and a flywheel, mainly copes with impact in a system, and the capacity of the energy storage material is power capacity. Different operation time scales are set respectively so as to calculate the energy storage capacity PEAnd power capacity PW. In the step (2), the energy storage capacity PEFor energy storage technical capacity PS。
Further, the method also comprises a step (4), wherein the step (4) is as follows: for the energy storage technical capacity P obtained in the steps (1) to (3)SEnergy storage capacity PEAnd power capacity PWDivided by ((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) — energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency), respectively.
In order to ensure the safety of the energy storage system, the minimum SOC is 15%, the maximum SOC is 95%, the inverter efficiency of the energy storage system is 98%, the charging and discharging battery efficiency is 95%, the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system is 93%, and the final energy storage technical capacity P is obtainedSShould be Ps/((0.95-0.15) × 0.93). Final energy storage capacity PSAs Ps/((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) × energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency). Final stored energy capacity PEIs PEV (((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) × energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency). The energy storage capacity PEFor energy storage technical capacity PSUltimate power capacity PWIs Pw/((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) × energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency).
The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not exhaustive of the possible implementations of the invention. Any obvious modifications to the above would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, but would not bring the invention so modified beyond the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The energy storage technology capacity is calculated mainly by considering the long-term operation of the comprehensive energy system, so the energy storage technology capacity is the energy storage capacity.
Example (b):
taking a certain microgrid as an example, the distributed photovoltaic installation capacity P in the microgrid1400kW and minimum output coefficient K10.05, amount of fluctuation F10.1; distributed wind power P2200kW, minimum coefficient of output K20.1, fluctuation amount F20.15; rated output P of gas turbine, diesel generator and other power supplies3500kW and minimum output coefficient K30.3, fluctuation amount F30.05; minimum load force P4150kW, maximum load output P5550kW, and power P of converter or transformer in power distribution network point-to-point connection6600kW。
According to said PdyCalculating by a configuration formula, and selecting a larger value as PdyA power set point.
Selecting the larger value as PdyThe power set point was 150kW, 2 h.
Energy storage capacity P during distributed power supply output fluctuation in optimized configuration balance systemphComprises the following steps:
Pph＝P1×F1+P2×F2+P3×F3；
Pph＝400×0.1+200×0.15+500×0.05＝95。
thus, P is calculatedphIs 95 kW.
When the peak clipping strategy is executed, the capacity of the energy storage system is as follows:
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
when executing the peak clipping strategy, the capacity of the energy storage system is set as:
in executing the valley filling strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set as:
Pxf＝|K1×P1+K2×P2+K3×P3-P5-P6|；
thus, Pxf0.05 × 400+0.1 × 200+0.3 × 500-xfSelecting the maximum value 960kW calculated in the formula, wherein the duration time is 4 h;
thus, the energy storage capacity PSIs Pdy、Pph、PxfA maximum of 960kW with a duration of 4 h.
Setting the total power of power loads such as a water pump, a motor and the like in the comprehensive energy system as PG300kW, and the power P of reactive power compensation equipment devices such as SVG, APF and the like in the comprehensive energycgIs 200kva of the total weight of the product,
thus, the power capacity PW520 kW;
in order to ensure the safety of the energy storage system, the minimum SOC is 15%, the maximum SOC is 95%, the inverter efficiency of the energy storage system is 98%, the charging and discharging battery efficiency is 95%, the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system is 93%, and the power capacity P is obtainedWShould be 520/((0.95-0.15) × 0.93) ═ 699 kW.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An energy storage capacity optimization configuration method of a comprehensive energy system taking an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as a core is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring historical data of a power grid, processing and analyzing the data, and calculating the capacity P of the energy storage technologyS；
(2) Calculating power capacity PW；
(3) Calculating the energy storage capacity PE。
2. The method for optimizing and configuring energy storage capacity of integrated energy system with alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as core according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), energy storage technology capacity P is calculatedSWhen the method comprises the following steps of,
a. acquiring historical data of a power grid;
b. energy storage capacity P for maintaining stable system voltage through optimized configurationdy；
c. Energy storage capacity P during distributed power supply output fluctuation in optimized configuration balance systemph；
d. Energy storage capacity P during peak clipping and valley filling by matching optimized configuration with distributed power supply or loadxf。
3. The method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the integrated energy system with the alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as the core according to claim 2, wherein the step a is to respectively obtain the rated distributed photovoltaic output P of the integrated energy system1Minimum coefficient of force output K1Amount of fluctuation F1；
Distributed wind power rated output P2Minimum coefficient of force output K2Amount of fluctuation F2；
Miniature gas turbineRated output P of engine, diesel generator and other power supplies3Minimum coefficient of force output K3Amount of fluctuation F3；
Minimum load force P4Maximum load force P5Power P of converter or transformer in point of connection with distribution network6。
4. The method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the integrated energy system with the AC-DC hybrid micro-grid as the core according to claim 3, wherein in the step b, if the integrated energy system needs to be operated off-grid, the energy storage capacity P is maintained when the system voltage is stabledyIs configured to:
according to said PdyCalculating by a configuration formula, and selecting the larger value in the formula as PdyA power set point.
5. The method for optimally configuring energy storage capacity of integrated energy system with AC/DC hybrid micro-grid as core according to claim 4, wherein in the step c, the energy storage capacity P is obtained when the distributed power output fluctuates in the balancing systemphComprises the following steps:
Pph＝P1×F1+P2×F2+P3×F3。
6. the method for optimizing and configuring the energy storage capacity of the comprehensive energy system taking the AC-DC hybrid micro-grid as the core according to claim 5, wherein in the step d,
when the peak clipping and valley filling strategy is made, the bidirectional power does not exceed the power P of the grid-connected point converter or transformer6Thus, when executing the peak clipping strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set to:
in executing the valley filling strategy, the energy storage system capacity is set as:
Pxf＝|K1×P1+K2×P2+K3×P3-P5-P6|；
Pxfthe maximum value calculated in the above equation was chosen for a duration of 4 h.
7. The method for optimizing and configuring the energy storage capacity of the comprehensive energy system taking the AC-DC hybrid micro-grid as the core according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2),
wherein, PGThe total power of a water pump and a motor in the energy storage system is calculated; pcgThe power of a reactive compensation equipment device in the comprehensive energy;
in the step (3), the energy storage capacity PEFor energy storage technical capacity PS。
8. The method for optimally configuring energy storage capacity of integrated energy system with alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as core according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage capacity P isEThe capacity of the energy storage system is the energy type in the energy storage system.
9. The method for optimally configuring energy storage capacity of integrated energy system with alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as core according to claim 6, wherein energy storage technical capacity PSIs Pdy、Pph、PxfOf 4h duration.
10. The method for optimally configuring the energy storage capacity of the comprehensive energy system with the alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid as the core according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the step (4);
the step (4) is as follows: for the energy storage technical capacity P obtained in the steps (1) to (3)SEnergy storage capacity PEAnd power capacity PWDivided by ((maximum SOC-minimum SOC) — energy storage system charge-discharge efficiency), respectively.
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