CN112864521A - Battery box of new energy automobile and control method thereof - Google Patents

Battery box of new energy automobile and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112864521A
CN112864521A CN202110438719.3A CN202110438719A CN112864521A CN 112864521 A CN112864521 A CN 112864521A CN 202110438719 A CN202110438719 A CN 202110438719A CN 112864521 A CN112864521 A CN 112864521A
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Prior art keywords
temperature
threaded rod
battery
temperature sensor
box
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CN202110438719.3A
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CN112864521B (en
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王冠琴
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Weifang University of Science and Technology
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Weifang University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a battery box of a new energy automobile and a control method thereof. When the temperature mean value that each temperature sensor detected is too high, start first set of heat sink, when the temperature mean value that detects is too high, and have under the obvious unusual condition of a certain temperature, start second set of heat sink, play rapid cooling's effect. When the indoor and outdoor temperature is low, the heating unit needs to be started and operated at a low heating power value, and when the temperature average value detected by each temperature sensor is too low, the heating unit needs to be operated at a high heating power value so as to meet the requirement of normal charging of the battery. The application provides a battery box of a new energy automobile and a control method thereof, which provide timely and accurate bidirectional temperature control, protect the battery and reduce the system risk of the new energy automobile.

Description

Battery box of new energy automobile and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a battery box of a new energy vehicle and a control method thereof.
Background
The new energy automobile mainly comprises a hybrid electric automobile and a pure electric automobile, wherein the pure electric automobile adopts a single storage battery as an energy storage power source, the storage battery is used as the energy storage power source, the electric motor is provided with electric energy through the battery, and the motor is driven to run, so that the automobile is pushed to run. The battery is the core of the new energy automobile, and the performance of the new energy automobile is directly influenced by the quality of the battery. The battery generally needs to be placed in a battery box of the new energy automobile to achieve the purpose of protecting the battery.
However, the sealed structure of the battery box easily increases the difficulty of temperature control of the storage battery. When the automobile runs at high speed for a long time, the power consumption is large, the battery pole plates are forced to react rapidly, and the heat of the battery shell is increased rapidly. In the sealed space of the battery box, the storage battery is easy to generate heat abnormally, the performance of the battery is damaged, the service life of the battery is shortened, and even the driving safety of the electric automobile is influenced. Based on above-mentioned adverse effect, can alleviate through improving battery performance itself, promote battery capacity and charge-discharge performance, but the degree of difficulty of battery research and development is big, with high costs, and the cycle length, in order to find solution fast, designs a novel battery box structure and also is a fine entry point.
To above drawback, current battery box carries out the temperature regulation and control through the simple radiating element of temperature measuring device cooperation usually, and no matter be the timeliness of temperature measurement precision or temperature regulation all can't be satisfied, threatens electric automobile's safety of traveling. In addition, the existing temperature control technology mostly focuses on temperature reduction, and often neglects the situations of battery capacity reduction and charging irregularity caused by too low battery temperature. Therefore, the development of a battery box capable of adjusting the temperature in two directions and meeting the requirement of regulation and control timeliness is an indispensable ring for prolonging the service life of a battery and ensuring the safety of an automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery box of a new energy automobile and a control method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and solving the problems that the battery box in the background technology can not meet the requirements of bidirectional temperature control and the temperature control is not timely.
The invention is realized through the following technical scheme, and in a first aspect, the application provides a battery box of a new energy automobile, which comprises a box body, a box cover and a battery tray arranged in the box body, wherein a plurality of supporting plates are detachably arranged on the battery tray, and the supporting plates divide a space formed by the battery tray and the box body into a plurality of accommodating cavities for accommodating batteries; a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the box body, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor are respectively arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the supporting plate, a heating unit is arranged on the side wall of the box body, a first fan and a first ventilation hole communicated with the first fan are arranged on the inner side of the box cover, and a second ventilation hole and a third ventilation hole are respectively arranged at the bottom of the battery tray and the box body; a lifting device of the battery tray is arranged in the box body below the battery tray, the lifting device comprises a driving motor and a threaded rod, one end of the threaded rod, close to the box body, is rotatably fixed at the bottom of the box body, the other end of the threaded rod is in threaded connection with a telescopic sleeve, the telescopic sleeve is connected with the bottom of the battery tray, the threaded rod and the driving motor are both provided with a transmission gear, and the threaded rod and the driving motor are connected through a transmission gear and a transmission chain wound on the transmission gear; the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the heating unit, the first fan and the driving motor are all electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the threaded rod includes initiative threaded rod, first driven threaded rod and second driven threaded rod, the lower part of initiative threaded rod, first driven threaded rod and second driven threaded rod is fixed with drive gear respectively, driving motor with between the initiative threaded rod with between the first driven threaded rod with between the second driven threaded rod respectively through drive gear and the drive chain of winding on drive gear connect.
Preferably, a plurality of first grooves are formed in the upper surface of the battery tray, second fans are arranged in the first grooves, and the second fans are connected with the controller.
Preferably, the supporting plate comprises a transverse plate and a plurality of vertical plates arranged on the transverse plate at intervals, concave parts and convex parts are arranged on the surfaces of the vertical plates, and the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are arranged in the concave parts.
Preferably, a cavity is arranged in the case cover, a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the cavity, a water filling port is arranged at the top of the cavity, a plurality of water outlets are arranged at the bottom of the cavity, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged at the water outlet, the vertical plate is of a hollow structure, a refrigerant is stored in the hollow structure, a water inlet matched with the water outlets is arranged at the top of the vertical plate, a pressure sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the vertical plate, and the first electromagnetic valve and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, be provided with conveyer on the inner wall of box, conveyer includes at least a set of transfer roller, the at least one end of transfer roller is passed through the fixed plate and is connected.
Preferably, the inner walls of the two sides of the box body are respectively provided with a supporting platform for supporting the battery tray, and an elastic part is fixed on the top of the supporting platform.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for a battery box of a new energy automobile, including:
acquiring temperature data detected by a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor;
when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high-temperature threshold value, starting a first fan;
when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high-temperature threshold and any one of the temperature data is higher than a second high-temperature threshold, closing the first fan and starting the lifting device;
when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a first low-temperature threshold value, starting a heating unit with a first heating power value;
and when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a second low-temperature threshold value, starting the heating unit at a second heating power value higher than the first heating power value.
Preferably, when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high temperature threshold and any one of the temperature data is higher than a second high temperature threshold, the method further includes, after the starting of the lifting device, turning off the first fan:
detecting whether a pressure detection value reported by a pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value;
and if the pressure detection value is larger than a preset pressure value, opening the first electromagnetic valve.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a battery box of new energy automobile and control method thereof, in the aspect of the device, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the battery box, and the accuracy of detection is ensured through comprehensive temperature measurement of the side surface and the bottom surface of the battery. Two sets of cooling devices and one set of heating device are simultaneously arranged in the battery box. When the temperature mean value that each temperature sensor detected was too high, start first set of heat sink, rotate through first fan promptly, promote the interior air of box along first ventilation hole, second ventilation hole, third ventilation hole flow, the mobility of air in the reinforcing box plays the cooling effect. When the detected temperature mean value is too high, and under the condition that the temperature of a certain position is obviously abnormal, serious events such as short circuit and nature can occur to the surface battery, if the temperature is timely reduced without taking measures, the vehicle can be damaged, and even the personal safety can be threatened, at the moment, the second set of temperature reduction device is started, namely, the supporting plate is driven by the lifting device to ascend, the box cover is pushed open by the supporting plate, and a large amount of air in the air inlet grille of the headstock enters the box body instantly, so that the effect of quickly reducing the temperature is achieved. In addition, when the indoor and outdoor temperatures are low, the temperature in the battery box also drops, when the average value of the temperatures detected by the temperature sensors is low, the normal charging of the battery and the service life of the battery are influenced, and at the moment, the heating unit needs to be started and run at a low heating power value, so that the problem that the temperature rises too fast, the temperature balance in the battery box is influenced, and meanwhile, the battery is locally overheated, and the normal use of the battery is influenced is avoided; when the average value of the temperatures detected by the temperature sensors is too low, the heating unit needs to be operated at a higher heating power value to meet the requirement of normal charging of the battery. The application provides a new energy automobile's battery box and control method on the basis thereof can provide timely and accurate two-way accuse temperature, reduces the system risk of new energy automobile when protecting the battery.
Drawings
For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box of a first new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a threaded rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a control method for a new energy vehicle battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box of a second new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first driven threaded rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second driven threaded rod provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box of a third new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of an operating state of a third new energy vehicle battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of a second supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a case cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another new energy vehicle battery box control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a conveying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a bottom surface of a battery tray according to an embodiment of the present invention;
shown in the figure:
1-box body, 2-box cover, 3-battery tray, 4-support plate, 5-containing cavity, 6-heating unit, 7-threaded rod, 8-telescopic sleeve, 9-transmission gear and 10-transmission chain; 11-a first temperature sensor, 12-a second temperature sensor, 13-a third temperature sensor, 14-a fourth temperature sensor, 15-a refrigerant, 16-a fixing plate, 17-a conveying roller, 18-a driving motor, 19-a third ventilation hole, 21-a cavity, 22-a first fan, 23-a first ventilation opening, 24-a second groove, 31-a second ventilation hole, 32-a first groove, 33-a second fan, 34-a supporting table, 341-an elastic piece, 35-a third groove, 41-a transverse plate, 42-a vertical plate, 71-a driving threaded rod, 72-a first driven threaded rod and 73-a second driven threaded rod; 211-water filling port, 212-water outlet, 213-first electromagnetic valve, 214-heat insulation layer, 311-second electromagnetic valve, 421-concave part, 422-convex part, 423-water inlet, 424-pressure sensor and 425-bulge.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To the not enough among the prior art, this scheme provides a new energy automobile's battery box. Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a battery box of a first new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention and a schematic structural diagram of a threaded rod according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown. As can be known from attached drawings 1 and 2, the battery box that this application provided includes box 1, case lid 2 and set up in battery tray 3 in the box 1, can dismantle on the battery tray 3 and be equipped with a plurality of backup pads 4, backup pad 4 will battery tray 3 with the spatial separation that box 1 formed becomes a plurality of chambeies 5 that hold that are used for holding the battery. Be provided with first temperature sensor 11 and second temperature sensor 12 on two relative lateral walls of box 1 respectively, be provided with third temperature sensor 13 and fourth temperature sensor 14 on the outer wall of backup pad 4 both sides respectively, above each sensor can be used to detect the real-time temperature who holds different positions in the chamber 5, avoids the not enough systematic risk that brings of single-point detection accuracy. Still be provided with heating unit 6 on the box 1 lateral wall, case lid 2 inboard is provided with first fan 22 and with first ventilation hole 23 that first fan 22 is linked together, battery tray 3 with box 1 bottom is provided with second ventilation hole 31 and third ventilation hole 19 respectively. In this embodiment, the heat generating unit 6 may be a heat sink or a heat dissipating wire, which is used as a temperature raising element, and can provide heat when the temperature in the battery box is low, so as to improve the problems of capacity reduction and difficult charging of the battery due to too low temperature; the first fan 22 serves as a cooling element, and can promote the air inside the box body 1 to flow when the temperature in the battery box is high, thereby achieving a cooling effect to a certain extent.
In this embodiment, the battery box still is provided with battery tray 3's elevating gear, and when the effect of first fan 22 was not enough to reach anticipated cooling effect, then start elevating gear, utilize battery tray 3 to back open case lid 2, but a large amount of air in the locomotive air inlet grille gets into in the box in the twinkling of an eye, plays rapid cooling's effect. Concretely, elevating gear sets up in box 1 of battery tray 3 below, elevating gear includes driving motor 18 and threaded rod 7, threaded rod 7 is close to the rotatable 1 bottoms of box that is fixed in of one end of box 1, the other end and the 8 threaded connection of telescope tube of threaded rod 7, telescope tube 8 with battery tray 3's bottom joint or fixed connection, threaded rod 7 with all be provided with drive gear 9 on the driving motor 18, threaded rod 7 with driving motor 18 passes through drive gear 9 and twines drive chain 10 on the drive gear 9 is connected.
When the temperature is overheated, the driving motor 18 is started, the driving motor 18 rotates, the threaded rod 7 is driven to rotate in the same direction through the transmission gear 9 and the transmission chain 10, the threaded rod 7 rotates to enable the telescopic sleeve 8 in threaded connection with the threaded rod to move upwards, the height of the battery tray 3 is lifted until the supporting plate 4 is in contact with the box cover 2 and jacks the box cover to expose the storage battery, and the storage battery is cooled in time by air intake of the air inlet grille at the head of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the height of the storage battery placed in the accommodating cavity 5 is lower than that of the support plate 4, and the rising height of the battery tray 3 can be controlled to 1/4-1/2, so that the battery tray 3 does not need to be completely ejected out, and space is saved. When the temperature in the accommodating cavity 5 is reduced to a preset interval, the driving motor 18 is started again to rotate reversely, the telescopic sleeve 8 is driven to move downwards through the threaded rod 7, and therefore the supporting plate 4 is lowered into the box cover 2 and returns to the original state.
In the present embodiment, the first temperature sensor 11, the second temperature sensor 12, the third temperature sensor 13, the fourth temperature sensor 14, the heat generating unit 6, the first fan 22, and the driving motor 18 are all connected to a controller (not shown). The connection method is not limited to electrical connection, and may be other connection methods capable of realizing control, such as communication connection.
After the storage battery is exposed for a period of time, the energy exchange between the battery and the outside is slowed down and gradually approaches to a thermal equilibrium state, and the temperature inside the battery box is gradually close to the outside temperature. The higher the outside temperature is, the more difficult it is to dissipate heat inside the battery box, and the longer the time to reach the equilibrium temperature is. In order to cope with the high temperature condition outside and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the outside and the inside of the battery box, in other preferred embodiments of the present application, a plurality of first grooves 32 are provided on the upper surface of the battery tray 3, a second fan 33 is provided in the first grooves 32, and the second fan 33 is connected to the controller. After the lifting device is started for a period of time (for example, 10 to 30S), if the temperature in the accommodating cavity 5 cannot be reduced to the proper temperature, the hot air in the accommodating cavity 5 can be forcibly discharged through the second fan 33, so that the natural balance between the battery box and the outside is broken, and the air circulation in the accommodating cavity 5 is promoted.
Based on the battery box structure provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the application further provides a control method of the battery box of the new energy automobile. Referring to fig. 3, a schematic flow chart of a control method for a new energy vehicle battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:
step S101: and acquiring temperature data detected by the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor. The above temperature data may correspond to T1, T2, T3, T4.
Step S102: and when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high temperature threshold value, starting the first fan. I.e. T > Th1When the first fan is started, T is the average value of T1, T2, T3 and T4, and T ish1Is the first high temperature threshold, th1According to actual tests, the temperature can be a certain preset value between 30 and 34 ℃. For example, when T > 33 ℃, start first fan, first fan is through quick rotation for inside outside air gets into box 1 fast through first ventilation hole 23, and the reinforcing holds the air mobility in the chamber 5, makes the battery and carries out heat exchange with the cold air, thereby reaches the purpose for the battery cooling.
Step S103: when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high temperature threshold value and any one of the temperature data is higher than a second high temperature threshold valueAnd when the second high-temperature threshold value is reached, the first fan is closed, and the lifting device is started. I.e. T > Th1And any one of the temperature data of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is higher than Th2During the time, show that the control by temperature change of first fan has become invalid, hold the temperature in the chamber 5 and continuously rise, at this moment, first fan is closed to the accessible controller, starts elevating gear, and elevating gear can drive battery tray 3 and upwards remove, finally backs down case lid 2, and a large amount of air gets into and holds in the chamber 5, carries out the heat exchange rapidly with battery and 1 inner wall of box, can realize rapid cooling's effect. In this example, th2According to actual tests, the temperature can be a certain preset value between 36 and 40 ℃. For example, if any one of the temperature data of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is higher than 39 ℃, the first fan is turned off, and the lifting device is started at the same time. Specifically, the driving motor 18 is started through the controller, the driving motor 18 drives the threaded rod 7 to rotate in the same direction through the transmission gear 9 and the transmission chain 10, the threaded rod 7 rotates to enable the telescopic sleeve 8 in threaded connection with the threaded rod to move upwards until the supporting plate 4 is in contact with the box cover 2 and jacks the box cover to expose the storage battery, and the storage battery is cooled in time by utilizing air intake of the air inlet grille at the head of the vehicle.
In this example, th1And th2A buffer interval is left between the two fans, the buffer interval is 2-10 ℃, so as to provide necessary working time for the cooling system of the first fan, for example, th1Can be set at 32 ℃ th2The temperature in the accommodating cavity 5 can be set to be 38 ℃, a period of time is needed when the temperature rises from 32 ℃ to 38 ℃, the period of time can be used for checking whether the temperature rise of the cooling system of the first fan can be effectively relieved, and energy waste caused by blind starting of the lifting device is avoided. In addition, the temperature data of any one of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is higher than Th2Set as starting conditions for the lifting gear, instead of setting T > Th2As a start-up condition. When a certain temperature data is higher than th2When the temperature of the corresponding area rises suddenly, the temperature change may be caused by uneven heat dissipation of the first fan or system faults such as short circuit of a certain battery, and the different system temperatures can be detected in the first time by the arrangement mode of the temperature sensorUnder normal conditions, the defects of the first fan heat dissipation system are made up, and meanwhile, enough exertion time is reserved for a subsequent stronger heat dissipation mode so as to obtain a better heat dissipation effect. When T > Th2At the same time, the temperature of several regions in the accommodating cavity 5 reaches the heat dissipation critical value, and even the temperature of some region is far higher than th2The requirement on the heat dissipation rate is higher, and once the heat dissipation cannot be performed timely, system risks are easily caused.
Step S104: and when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a first low-temperature threshold value, starting the heating unit at a first heating power value.
Step S105: and when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a second low-temperature threshold value, starting the heating unit at a second heating power value higher than the first heating power value.
In this embodiment, when T < TL1When the heating unit is started, the heating unit is operated at P1, and when T < TL2At time, the heat generating unit is operated at P2. Wherein, tL1Is the first low temperature threshold, tL1Can be at-15 to-18 ℃ tL2Is the second low temperature threshold, tL2The temperature can be minus 20 ℃ to minus 25 ℃, the first heating power value is P1 bits, and the second heating power value is P2. In order to meet different temperature rise requirements, two heating powers are set for the heating unit, namely a low-level first heating power value P1 and a high-level second heating power value P2. In the method, when the heating unit needs to be started, the heating unit is operated at a lower heating power value so as to prevent the temperature from rising too fast to influence the temperature balance in the battery box and cause local overheating of the battery to influence the normal use of the battery. And when the low-grade power can not meet the temperature requirement, starting the high-grade power again to rapidly increase the temperature. The two-gear heating power is set, so that the heating requirement can be met, and energy waste and unnecessary system risks are avoided.
In addition, the application scenarios of the battery box needing temperature rise mainly include two situations of charging in a low-temperature environment and driving in the low-temperature environment. In order to further provide the temperature control precision of the scheme, the depth detection and the regulation can be carried out according to different application scenes. Specifically, the new energy steam can be detected in advance before the heating unit is startedThe running state of the vehicle is that if the new energy vehicle is in the running state, and when T is less than TL1When the heating unit is started by P1, when T < TL2At time, the heat generating unit is operated at P2.
If the new energy automobile is in the non-driving state, detecting whether the new energy automobile is in the charging state, if so, when T is less than TL1When the heating unit is started by P1, when T < TL2At time, the heat generating unit is operated at P2. When the new energy automobile is in a non-driving state and a non-charging state, the heating unit is not started, so that unnecessary energy consumption is avoided. In the embodiment, the controller and the heating unit can independently operate and are not influenced by the running state of the new energy automobile. Generally, the charging time of a super charging pile used by a new energy automobile is about 1 hour, the charging time of a common charging pile is 6-8 hours, and the controller and the heating unit can independently operate to ensure that the temperature of the battery box is balanced within the charging time.
In order to improve transmission effect and stability between battery tray 3 and the elevating gear, in other embodiments of this application, can set up threaded rod 7 into three groups, through three groups of threaded rod 7 synchronous drive, can avoid battery tray 3 because the atress inequality leads to the slope, and damages the risk of battery. In the present application, the number of the threaded rods 7 is not limited to three groups, and can be increased or decreased as appropriate according to actual conditions. Specifically, referring to fig. 4 to 6, fig. 4 to 6 are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a battery box of a second new energy vehicle, a schematic structural diagram of a first driven threaded rod, and a schematic structural diagram of a second driven threaded rod. As can be known from fig. 4 to 6, the threaded rod 7 includes a driving threaded rod 71, a first driven threaded rod 72 and a second driven threaded rod 73, the lower parts of the driving threaded rod 71, the first driven threaded rod 72 and the second driven threaded rod 73 are respectively fixed with a transmission gear 9, the driving motor 18 is connected with the driving threaded rod 71, the driving threaded rod 71 is connected with the first driven threaded rod 72, and the first driven threaded rod 72 is connected with the second driven threaded rod 73 through the transmission gear 9 and a transmission chain 10 wound on the transmission gear 9.
The pitch and direction of the threads of the driving threaded rod 71, the first driven threaded rod 72 and the second driven threaded rod 73 are completely the same, when the lifting device is started, the driving motor 18 is firstly started to rotate in the positive direction, the output shaft of the driving motor 18 rotates in the positive direction to drive the transmission gear 9 on the output shaft to rotate, and the transmission chain 10 between the driving motor 18 and the driving threaded rod 71 is driven to move, so as to drive the transmission gear 9 on the driving threaded rod 71 to rotate, and further drive the driving threaded rod 71 to rotate, similarly, the driving threaded rod 71 drives the first driven threaded rod 72 to rotate, the first driven threaded rod 72 drives the second driven threaded rod 73 to rotate, the transmission gear 9 and the transmission chain 10 are arranged, so that the rotating directions of the driving threaded rod 71, the first driven threaded rod 72 and the second driven threaded rod 73 are the same, and the driving threaded rod 71, the first driven threaded rod 72 and the second, thereby pushing the battery tray 3 to move upward; similarly, the driving motor 18 rotates reversely to move the battery tray 3 downward. In other embodiments of the present application, the driving threaded rod 71, the first driven threaded rod 72, and the second driven threaded rod 73 may be disposed on different horizontal lines, thereby forming a triangular stabilizing structure, and further improving the stability of the lifting mechanism structure.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the supporting plate 4 includes a horizontal plate 41 and a plurality of vertical plates 42 spaced apart from each other on the horizontal plate 41, a concave portion 421 and a convex portion 422 are formed on a surface of each vertical plate 42, and the third temperature sensor 13 (not shown) and the fourth temperature sensor 14 are disposed in the concave portion 421. The supporting plate 4 is of an inverted T-shaped structure, the surface of the vertical plate 42 is of a concave-convex structure, and the concave part 421 forms an air circulation channel from top to bottom, so that the air circulation from top to bottom is facilitated, and the heat dissipation is accelerated; the third temperature sensor 13 and the fourth temperature sensor 14 are both disposed in the concave portion 421, and can avoid contact with the battery. On the one hand, since the sensor is a fragile electronic component, the design can reduce the probability of the sensor being damaged due to the contact collision with the storage battery. On the other hand, since the surface temperature of the battery is not uniform, the respective sensors should avoid directly detecting the surface temperature of the battery as much as possible, and a more accurate average temperature can be obtained by detecting the temperature of the air around the battery. The concave-convex structure designed in the embodiment can ensure that each sensor arranged on the supporting plate 4 is contacted with air, and the stability and the accuracy of temperature detection are improved.
In order to further promote the refrigeration effect of battery box, prevent unexpected accident, in this application preferred embodiment, designed a set of water cooling system on elevating gear's basis. Specifically, referring to fig. 8 to 10, fig. 8 to 10 are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a battery box of a third new energy vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a schematic structural diagram of a second support plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and a schematic working state diagram of the battery box of the third new energy vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 8 to 10, a cavity 21 is disposed in the box cover 2, and a heat insulation layer 214 is disposed outside the cavity 21, so that water in the cavity 21 can be kept at a low temperature, and a cooling effect of a reaction of the refrigerant 15 and the water is ensured. The cavity 21 top is provided with water filling port 211, cavity 21 bottom is provided with a plurality of delivery ports 212, delivery port 212 department is provided with first solenoid valve 213, riser 42 is hollow structure, the internal refrigerant 15 that has stored of hollow structure, the top of riser 42 be provided with delivery port 212 complex water inlet 423, riser 42 upper surface is provided with pressure sensor 424, first solenoid valve 213, pressure sensor 424 all with the controller electricity is connected.
The pressure generated by the contact of the support plate 4 and the box cover 2 is used as the opening condition of the water cooling system. After starting elevating gear, battery tray 3 upwards moves gradually, and during riser 42 and case lid 2's lower surface contact, pressure sensor 424 triggered first solenoid valve 213 and opened, low temperature water in the cavity 21 got into the inner chamber of riser 42 through delivery port 212 and water inlet 423, can reduce the heat that holds in the chamber 5 fast, and the battery ventilation cooling who exposes in the box 1 outside is deuterogamied, can realize the quick heat dissipation cooling of battery, improves the radiating efficiency. In a preferred embodiment, the vertical plate 42 may further store a refrigerant 15, and the refrigerant 15 may be a crystalline hydrate, such as sodium carbonate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, or the like, which has an obvious endothermic effect when dissolved in water. The cooling effect of the water cooling system can be further enhanced by matching the refrigerant 15 with low-temperature water.
In addition, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the water outlet 212 and the water inlet 423 are optimally designed to improve the matching degree of the two. Referring to fig. 11 and fig. 12, there are shown a partially enlarged schematic view of a second supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention and a schematic view of a structure of a case cover according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, in this embodiment, a protrusion 425 is formed on the top of the vertical plate 42, the water inlet 423 is formed on the protrusion, and the protrusion is in a downward concave structure, correspondingly, the lower surface of the case cover 2 is provided with a second groove 24 which is matched with the protrusion 425, the water outlet 212 is located in the second groove 24, and the water outlet 212 is in an outward convex structure, and in order to make the water outlet 212 and the water inlet 423 better matched, the end of the water outlet 212 can be in a rounded structure.
Aiming at the structural design of the water cooling system, the embodiment of the application also provides another control method of the new energy automobile battery box. Referring to fig. 13, a schematic flow chart of another new energy vehicle battery box control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 13, the method comprises the steps of:
step S201: and acquiring temperature data detected by the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor.
Step S202: and when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high temperature threshold value, starting the first fan.
Step S203: and when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high-temperature threshold and any one of the temperature data is higher than a second high-temperature threshold, closing the first fan and starting the lifting device.
Step S204: and detecting whether the pressure detection value reported by the pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value. If the pressure detection value is greater than the preset pressure value, step S205 is executed.
Step S205: and opening the first electromagnetic valve.
Step S206: when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a first low-temperature threshold value, starting a heating unit with a first heating power value;
step S207: and when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a second low-temperature threshold value, starting the heating unit at a second heating power value higher than the first heating power value.
In this embodiment, when the pressure detection value reported by the pressure sensor is greater than the preset pressure value, it indicates that the vertical plate 42 is in contact with the tank cover 2, at this time, the first electromagnetic valve may be started, and the low-temperature water in the cavity 21 enters the inner cavity of the vertical plate 42 through the water outlet 212 and the water inlet 423, and reacts with the refrigerants such as sodium carbonate decahydrate therein, so as to absorb a large amount of heat around the vertical plate 42, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid cooling.
Referring to fig. 14, a schematic structural diagram of a transmission device according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As shown in fig. 14, a conveying device is arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1, the conveying device comprises at least one group of conveying rollers 17, and at least one end of each conveying roller 17 is connected through a fixing plate 16. In this embodiment, set up two sets of transfer rollers 17 altogether, two sets of transfer rollers 17 interval sets up on the inner wall of box 1, and the one end direct rotation of transfer roller 17 is fixed at box 1 inner wall edge or is fixed on box 1 inner wall through fixed plate 16, and the other end of transfer roller 17 is rotatable to be fixed on fixed plate 16, fixed plate 16 and box 1 lateral wall fixed connection. The first temperature sensor 11 is disposed in the space between the two sets of conveying rollers 17. In other embodiments of the present application, at least one mounting groove may be disposed on the inner wall of the box body 1, and the conveying roller 17 may be rotatably mounted in the mounting groove, so as to avoid occupying the space of the accommodating chamber 5.
The present embodiment adds a transfer device including a transfer roller 17 and a fixing member thereof. The transfer roller 17 sets up between battery tray 3 and box 1 inner wall, can reduce the frictional resistance of battery tray 3 at the lift removal in-process, reduces the loss of battery tray 3 self, simultaneously, can reduce the heat that battery tray 3 and box 1 inner wall looks mutual friction produced, avoids the inside condition that heaies up once more because of the frictional force effect of box 1. In addition, in the embodiment, the interval part between two adjacent sets of conveying rollers 17 can form an air circulation channel, which is beneficial to promoting the up-and-down circulation of air; first temperature sensor 11 sets up in the interval between two sets of transfer rollers 17, can avoid first temperature sensor 11 and battery direct contact, improves first temperature sensor 11's detection precision. When the first fan 22 and/or the second fan 33 are operated, the space between the transfer rollers 17 and the concave portions 421 provided on the risers 42 may simultaneously serve as air circulation passages, and may be arranged in a staggered manner to enhance air circulation.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, support tables 34 for supporting the battery trays 3 are further respectively disposed on inner walls of two sides of the box 1, an elastic member 341 is fixed on the top of each support table 34, and the elastic member 341 buffers the battery trays 3, so as to prevent the batteries from being damaged by vibration during the lifting process of the battery trays 3 and the driving process of the new energy vehicle.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a bottom surface of a battery tray according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 15, the lower surface of the battery tray 3 may further be provided with a third groove 35 matched with the top of the telescopic sleeve 8, and the top of the telescopic sleeve 8 is located in the third groove 35, so as to prevent the battery tray 3 from sliding on the top of the telescopic sleeve 8, thereby improving stability.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein again; the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions which are made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention are also within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The battery box of the new energy automobile is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a box cover (2) and a battery tray (3) arranged in the box body (1), wherein a plurality of support plates (4) are detachably arranged on the battery tray (3), and the space formed by the battery tray (3) and the box body (1) is divided into a plurality of accommodating cavities (5) for accommodating batteries by the support plates (4);
a first temperature sensor (11) and a second temperature sensor (12) are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the box body (1), a third temperature sensor (13) and a fourth temperature sensor (14) are respectively arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the supporting plate (4), a heating unit (6) is arranged on the side wall of the box body (1), a first fan (22) and a first ventilation hole (23) communicated with the first fan (22) are arranged on the inner side of the box cover (2), and a second ventilation hole (31) and a third ventilation hole (19) are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the battery tray (3) and the box body (1);
a lifting device of the battery tray (3) is arranged in the box body (1) below the battery tray (3), the lifting device comprises a driving motor (18) and a threaded rod (7), one end, close to the box body (1), of the threaded rod (7) is rotatably fixed to the bottom of the box body (1), the other end of the threaded rod (7) is in threaded connection with a telescopic sleeve (8), the telescopic sleeve (8) is connected with the bottom of the battery tray (3), transmission gears (9) are arranged on the threaded rod (7) and the driving motor (18), and the threaded rod (7) and the driving motor (18) are connected with a transmission chain (10) wound on the transmission gears (9) through the transmission gears (9);
the first temperature sensor (11), the second temperature sensor (12), the third temperature sensor (13), the fourth temperature sensor (14), the heating unit (6), the first fan (22) and the driving motor (18) are all connected with a controller.
2. The battery box of the new energy automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the threaded rod (7) comprises a driving threaded rod (71), a first driven threaded rod (72) and a second driven threaded rod (73), the lower parts of the driving threaded rod (71), the first driven threaded rod (72) and the second driven threaded rod (73) are respectively fixed with a transmission gear (9), and the driving motor (18) is connected with the driving threaded rod (71), the driving threaded rod (71) is connected with the first driven threaded rod (72), and the first driven threaded rod (72) is connected with the second driven threaded rod (73) through the transmission gear (9) and a transmission chain (10) wound on the transmission gear (9).
3. The battery box of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of first grooves (32) are formed in the upper surface of the battery tray (3), a second fan (33) is arranged in each first groove (32), and the second fan (33) is connected with the controller.
4. The battery box of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the support plate (4) comprises a transverse plate (41) and a plurality of vertical plates (42) arranged at intervals on the transverse plate (41), a concave portion (421) and a convex portion (422) are arranged on the surfaces of the vertical plates (42), and the third temperature sensor (13) and the fourth temperature sensor (14) are arranged in the concave portion (421).
5. The battery box of the new energy automobile according to claim 4, characterized in that a cavity (21) is arranged in the box cover (2), a heat insulation layer (214) is arranged outside the cavity (21), a water injection port (211) is arranged at the top of the cavity (21), a plurality of water outlets (212) are arranged at the bottom of the cavity (21), a first electromagnetic valve (213) is arranged at each water outlet (212), the vertical plate (42) is of a hollow structure, a refrigerant (15) is stored in each hollow structure, a water inlet (423) matched with the water outlet (212) is arranged at the top of the vertical plate (42), a pressure sensor (424) is arranged on the upper surface of the vertical plate (42), and the first electromagnetic valve (213) and the pressure sensor (424) are electrically connected with the controller.
6. The battery box of the new energy automobile according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that a conveying device is arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), the conveying device comprises at least one group of conveying rollers (17), and at least one end of each conveying roller (17) is connected through a fixing plate (16).
7. The battery box of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein support platforms (34) for supporting the battery tray (3) are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the box body (1), and elastic members (341) are fixed on the tops of the support platforms (34).
8. A control method of a battery box of a new energy automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring temperature data detected by a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor;
when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high-temperature threshold value, starting a first fan;
when the average value of the temperature data is higher than a first high-temperature threshold and any one of the temperature data is higher than a second high-temperature threshold, closing the first fan and starting the lifting device;
when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a first low-temperature threshold value, starting a heating unit with a first heating power value;
and when the average value of the temperature data is lower than a second low-temperature threshold value, starting the heating unit at a second heating power value higher than the first heating power value.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein when the average of the temperature data is higher than a first high temperature threshold and any one of the temperature data is higher than a second high temperature threshold, turning off the first fan, and after starting the lifting device, further comprising:
detecting whether a pressure detection value reported by a pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value;
and if the pressure detection value is larger than a preset pressure value, opening the first electromagnetic valve.
CN202110438719.3A 2021-04-23 2021-04-23 Battery box of new energy automobile Active CN112864521B (en)

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