CN112859364B - Double-vision 3D display method based on discrete composite gradual change width image element array - Google Patents
Double-vision 3D display method based on discrete composite gradual change width image element array Download PDFInfo
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- CN112859364B CN112859364B CN202110355231.4A CN202110355231A CN112859364B CN 112859364 B CN112859364 B CN 112859364B CN 202110355231 A CN202110355231 A CN 202110355231A CN 112859364 B CN112859364 B CN 112859364B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
- H04N13/337—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using polarisation multiplexing
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-vision 3D display method based on a discrete composite gradual change width image element array, which realizes double-vision 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; the integrated imaging display device comprises a display screen, a polarization grating, a pinhole array, a pair of polarization glasses I and a pair of polarization glasses II; the vertical width of the image element I is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element II is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element I and the image element II which are positioned on the same line is the same; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through a grating unit I and a pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through a corresponding grating unit II and a pinhole; only 3D image I can be seen through polarized glasses I and only 3D image II can be seen through polarized glasses II.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to 3D display, in particular to a double-view 3D display method based on a discrete composite gradient width image element array.
Background
The integrated imaging 3D display has the characteristic of being watched by naked eyes, the shooting and displaying process is relatively simple, and the 3D image with full parallax and full true color can be displayed, so that the integrated imaging 3D display is one of the main modes of 3D display at present. In recent years, the integrated imaging 3D display and the dual view display are fused to form an integrated imaging dual view 3D display. It may provide different 3D pictures in different viewing directions. Two different 3D pictures can be separated by adopting the polarization grating and the matched polarization glasses, and a viewer can see different 3D pictures by switching different polarization glasses.
In the existing integrated imaging double-view 3D display based on polarization grating and pinhole array, a plurality of image elements I continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of corresponding pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are all aligned with the same grating unit I; and the plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and the corresponding plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II. The method reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the polarization grating. However, this method has the following disadvantages:
(1) A plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I are mutually interfered; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit II interfere with each other;
(2) The image elements I which are continuously arranged in the vertical direction have mutual interference; the image elements II which are continuously arranged in the vertical direction have mutual interference;
(3) The vertical viewing visual zone of the 3D image I is far smaller than the vertical viewing visual zone reconstructed by the image element I at the center; the vertical viewing zone of the 3D image II is much smaller than the vertical viewing zone reconstructed from the centrally located image element II;
(4) The optical efficiency is low.
In the existing integrated imaging double-vision 3D display based on polarization grating and pinhole array, the horizontal viewing angle of a 3D image Iθ 1 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image Iθ 2 Horizontal viewing perspective of 3D image IIθ 3 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image IIθ 4 Optical efficiency of 3D image Iφ 1 Optical efficiency of 3D image IIφ 2 Are respectively as
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction,kis the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I,tis the light transmission of the polarization grating and the polarization glasses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display method based on a discrete composite gradual change width image element array, which realizes double-vision 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; the integrated imaging display equipment is characterized by comprising a display screen, a polarization grating, a pinhole array, a pair of polarization glasses I and a pair of polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are sequentially arranged in parallel and are correspondingly aligned as shown in the attached figures 1, 2 and 3; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the horizontal widths of the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are the same; the vertical widths of the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are the same; the polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging a grating unit I and a grating unit II, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to that of the grating unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the discrete composite gradient width image element array; the discrete composite gradient width image element array comprises a plurality of image elements I and image elements II which are arranged discretely; the horizontal widths of the picture elements I are all the same; the horizontal widths of the image elements II are the same; the horizontal width of picture element I is equal to the horizontal width of picture element II; the vertical width of the image element I is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element II is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element I and the image element II which are positioned on the same line is the same; the center of each image element I is correspondingly aligned with the center of the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; a plurality of image elements I which are discretely arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are corresponding to the image elements I and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are all correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit I; the center of each image element II is correspondingly aligned with the center of the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; a plurality of image elements II which are discretely arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II; the image element I reconstructs a 3D image I through the corresponding grating unit I and the pinhole, and light rays emitted by the image element I adjacent to the image element I cannot interfere with the 3D image I reconstructed by the image element I; the image element II reconstructs a 3D image II through the corresponding grating unit II and the pinhole, and the light rays emitted by the image element II adjacent to the image element II cannot interfere with the 3D image II reconstructed by the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only 3D image I can be seen through polarized glasses I and only 3D image II can be seen through polarized glasses II.
Preferably, the first image element in the discrete composite gradient width image element arrayiVertical width of a line picture element IV i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,V 1 is the vertical width of the first row of picture elements I in the array of discrete composite gradient width picture elements,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the number of pinholes which correspond to the same grating unit I and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction is equal to the number of pinholes which correspond to the same grating unit II and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction; pitch of grating unit I and grating unit IIsCalculated from the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,kis the number of pinholes arranged in series in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same raster unit I.
Preferably, the horizontal spacing width of adjacent picture elements IaThe vertical spacing width of the first row of image elements I and the second row of image elements IbSatisfies the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the distance of viewing of the image,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal width of the picture element IhVertical width of the first row of picture elements IV 1 Horizontal spacing width of adjacent picture elements IaThe vertical interval width of the first row of picture elements I and the second row of picture elements IbAre respectively as
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image Iθ 1 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image Iθ 2 Horizontal viewing angle of 3D image IIθ 3 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image IIθ 4 Optical efficiency of 3D image Iφ 1 Optical efficiency of 3D image IIφ 2 Respectively as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction,kis the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I,tis the light transmittance of the grating unit and the polarization glasses,his the horizontal width of the picture element I,qis the vertical width of the picture element I at the center of the discrete complex gradient width picture element array,V i is the first in the discrete composite gradient width image element arrayiThe vertical width of a line picture element I.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and horizontal direction parameters of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the parameters of the image element I and the grating unit I in the vertical direction
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the parameters of the image element II and the grating unit II in the vertical direction
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1. display screen, 2 polarization grating, 3 pinhole array, 4 polarization glasses I,5 polarization glasses II,6 grating unit I, 7 grating unit II,8 image element I, 9 image element II,10 horizontal spacing of adjacent image element I, 11 horizontal spacing of adjacent image element II, 12 horizontal spacing of adjacent image element I and image element II, 13 vertical spacing of first line image element I and second line image element I, 14 vertical spacing of first line image element II and second line image element II.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to a detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of a method for dual-view 3D display based on an array of discrete composite gradient width image elements according to the present invention. It should be noted that the following examples are given by way of illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to be encompassed by the present invention as set forth herein.
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display method based on a discrete composite gradient width image element array, which realizes double-vision 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; the integrated imaging display device is characterized by comprising a display screen, a polarization grating, a pinhole array, a pair of polarization glasses I and a pair of polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are sequentially arranged in parallel and correspondingly aligned, as shown in the attached figures 1, 2 and 3; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the horizontal widths of the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are the same; the vertical widths of the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are the same; the polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging a grating unit I and a grating unit II, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to that of the grating unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the discrete composite gradient width image element array; the discrete composite gradient width image element array comprises a plurality of image elements I and image elements II which are arranged in a discrete mode; the horizontal widths of the image elements I are the same; the horizontal widths of the image elements II are the same; the horizontal width of picture element I is equal to the horizontal width of picture element II; the vertical width of the image element I is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element II is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical widths of the image elements I and the image elements II which are positioned on the same row are the same; the center of each image element I is correspondingly aligned with the center of the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; a plurality of image elements I which are discretely arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are corresponding to the image elements I and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are all correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit I; the center of each image element II is correspondingly aligned with the center of the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; a plurality of image elements II which are discretely arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II; the image element I reconstructs a 3D image I through the corresponding grating unit I and the pinhole, and light rays emitted by the image element I adjacent to the image element I cannot interfere with the 3D image I reconstructed by the image element I; the image element II reconstructs a 3D image II through the corresponding grating unit II and the pinhole, and the light rays emitted by the image element II adjacent to the image element II cannot interfere with the 3D image II reconstructed by the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only 3D image I can be seen through polarized glasses I and only 3D image II can be seen through polarized glasses II.
Preferably, the first image element in the discrete composite gradient width image element arrayiVertical width of a line picture element IV i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,pis the pitch of the pin-holes,V 1 is the vertical width of the first row of picture elements I in the discrete composite gradient width picture element array,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the number of pinholes which correspond to the same grating unit I and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction is equal to the number of pinholes which correspond to the same grating unit II and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction; pitch of grating unit I and grating unit IIsCalculated from the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pin-holes,kis the number of pinholes which are arranged in succession in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same raster unit I.
Preferably, the horizontal spacing width of adjacent picture elements IaThe vertical spacing width of the first row of image elements I and the second row of image elements IbSatisfies the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the distance of viewing of the image,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal width of the picture element IhVertical width of the first row of picture elements IV 1 Width of horizontal interval of adjacent picture elements IaThe vertical interval width of the first row of picture elements I and the second row of picture elements IbAre respectively as
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image Iθ 1 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image Iθ 2 Horizontal viewing perspective of 3D image IIθ 3 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image IIθ 4 Optical efficiency of 3D image Iφ 1 Optical efficiency of 3D image IIφ 2 Respectively as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction,kis the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I,tis the light transmittance of the grating unit and the polarization glasses,his the horizontal width of the picture element I,qis the vertical width of the image element I at the center of the array of discrete composite gradient width image elements,V i is the first in the discrete composite gradient width image element arrayiThe vertical width of a line picture element I.
The pitch of the pinholes is 10mm, the aperture width of the pinholes is 2mm, the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array is 10mm, the viewing distance is 500mm, the number of the pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I is 2, the number of the pinholes in the horizontal direction is 8, the number of the pinholes in the vertical direction is 6, the light transmittance of the polarization grating and the polarization glasses is 0.5, and then the horizontal width of the image element I is 7.96mm calculated by the formula (5); calculating the vertical widths of the image elements in the 1 st to 6 th rows in the discrete composite gradual width image element array according to the formulas (6) and (1) to be 8.16mm, 7.76mm, 7.36mm, 7.76mm and 8.16mm respectively; calculating by the formula (2) to obtain the pitch of the grating unit I and the grating unit II to be 20mm; the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image II, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image II, the optical efficiency of the 3D image I, and the optical efficiency of the 3D image II calculated by the equations (9), (10), and (11) are 49 °, 50 °, 3.2%, and 3.2%, respectively; the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image II, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image II, the optical efficiency of the 3D image I, and the optical efficiency of the 3D image II of the prior art scheme based on the above parameters are 39 °, 2%, and 2%, respectively.
Claims (3)
1. The double-view 3D display method based on the discrete composite gradual change width image element array realizes double-view 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; the integrated imaging display device is characterized by comprising a display screen, a polarization grating, a pinhole array, a pair of polarization glasses I and a pair of polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are sequentially arranged in parallel and are correspondingly aligned; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the horizontal widths of the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are the same; the vertical widths of the display screen, the polarization grating and the pinhole array are the same; the polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging a grating unit I and a grating unit II, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to that of the grating unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the discrete composite gradient width image element array; the discrete composite gradient width image element array comprises a plurality of image elements I and image elements II which are arranged discretely; the horizontal widths of the picture elements I are all the same; the horizontal widths of the image elements II are the same; the horizontal width of picture element I is equal to the horizontal width of picture element II; the vertical width of the image element I is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element II is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the vertical width of the image element I and the image element II which are positioned on the same line is the same; in the discrete composite gradation width image element arrayiVertical width of a line picture element IV i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,V 1 is the first row of the discrete composite gradient width image element arrayThe vertical width of the picture element I,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction; the center of each image element I is correspondingly aligned with the center of the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; a plurality of image elements I which are discretely arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are corresponding to the image elements I and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are all correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit I; the center of each image element II is correspondingly aligned with the center of the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; a plurality of image elements II which are discretely arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II; the number of pinholes which correspond to the same grating unit I and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction is equal to the number of pinholes which correspond to the same grating unit II and are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction; pitch of grating unit I and grating unit IIsCalculated from the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,kthe number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I; horizontal interval width of adjacent picture elements IaThe vertical interval width of the first row of picture elements I and the second row of picture elements IbSatisfies the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,wis the aperture width of the pinhole; the image element I reconstructs a 3D image I through the corresponding grating unit I and the pinhole, and light rays emitted by the image element I adjacent to the image element I cannot interfere with the 3D image I reconstructed by the image element I; picture element II passing light corresponding theretoReconstructing a 3D image II by the grid unit II and the pinhole, wherein the light rays emitted by the image element II adjacent to the image element II cannot interfere with the 3D image II reconstructed by the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only 3D image I can be seen through polarized glasses I and only 3D image II can be seen through polarized glasses II.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the horizontal width of the image element I is larger than the horizontal width of the image element IhVertical width of the first row of picture elements IV 1 Width of horizontal interval of adjacent picture elements IaThe vertical interval width of the first row of picture elements I and the second row of picture elements IbAre respectively as
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pinholes and is,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array.
3. The discrete composite gradient width image element array-based dual-view 3D display method according to claim 2, wherein the 3D image I is viewed horizontallyAngle of viewθ 1 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image Iθ 2 Horizontal viewing perspective of 3D image IIθ 3 Vertical viewing angle of 3D image IIθ 4 Optical efficiency of 3D image Iφ 1 Optical efficiency of 3D image IIφ 2 Respectively as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,pis the pitch of the pin-holes,lis the viewing distance, the distance between the viewer,gis the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction,kis the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I,tis the light transmittance of the grating unit and the polarization glasses,his the horizontal width of the picture element I,qis the vertical width of the picture element I at the center of the discrete complex gradient width picture element array,V i is the first in the discrete composite gradient width image element arrayiThe vertical width of a line picture element I.
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