CN112858799A - Antenna near field test method and system - Google Patents
Antenna near field test method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna near field test method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the scanning device is driven by the mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on the antenna to be detected, and the vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals to obtain near-field data of the antenna to be detected; determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested; determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna; the standard horn antenna far-field peak value is determined according to the standard horn antenna near-field data, the standard horn antenna near-field data drives the scanning device to perform near-field scanning on the standard horn antenna through the mobile control device, the vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals, and the gain of the standard horn antenna is known. According to the technical scheme, the gain of the antenna to be tested is calculated by comparing the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested with the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna, and the precision and the efficiency of near-field testing are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antenna measurement, in particular to a method and a system for testing a near field of an antenna.
Background
The antenna measurement is divided into a near field test and a far field test according to the distance of the antenna measurement. The near field test is to obtain an antenna directional diagram of a far field by researching information such as amplitude, phase and frequency spectrum of a near field of the antenna to be tested, and finally reconstruct far field distribution characteristics of a radiation field part of the antenna to be tested. Generally, compared with a far-field test, the near-field test has higher measurement accuracy, small space and high efficiency. At present, the antenna frequency is higher and higher, the technical barrier is larger and larger, high-cost equipment and complex parameters are required to be used for determining the gain of the antenna, and the efficiency is lower. And when testing a 110GHz high-frequency antenna, the conventional motor control system generates a large error due to a small wavelength, and the required precision of the test cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an antenna near field test method and system, which aim to improve the precision and efficiency of near field test.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna near-field testing method, including:
the method comprises the steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on an antenna to be detected, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals, so that near-field data of the antenna to be detected are obtained;
determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested;
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna;
wherein the far field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna.
Optionally, determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result between the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna, including:
calculating the difference value of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be measured and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna;
and adding the difference value and the gain of the standard horn antenna to obtain the gain of the antenna to be tested.
Optionally, the near-field data includes sampling point position data, near-field amplitude data, and near-field phase data;
determining an antenna directional pattern of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data, comprising:
performing fast Fourier transform on the near-field phase data according to the position of the sampling point, and obtaining a complex field according to a transform result and the near-field amplitude data;
and determining the antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the complex field based on a near-far field transformation algorithm.
Optionally, before recording far-field peaks of the antenna pattern, the method further includes:
and correcting the antenna directional diagram according to the receiving directional diagram of the waveguide probe in the scanning device.
Optionally, the method further includes:
determining the working frequency of a transmitting link and a receiving link according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be tested
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna near-field test system, including:
the system comprises a transmitting link, a receiving link, a vector network analyzer, an upper computer, a mobile control device and a scanning device arranged on the mobile control device;
the upper computer is respectively connected with the mobile control device and the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is respectively connected with the transmitting link and the receiving link;
the upper computer is used for: the method comprises the steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on an antenna to be detected, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals, so that near-field data of the antenna to be detected are obtained; determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested; determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna; wherein the far field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna.
Optionally, the transmitting link includes an antenna to be detected fixed on the antenna frame, an up-conversion module and a power amplifier module;
the antenna to be tested and the waveguide probe in the receiving link are fixed on the antenna frame in a mode that central axes are aligned;
the antenna to be tested, the up-conversion module and the power amplification module are connected in sequence through a radio frequency connecting wire;
and the output port of the vector network analyzer is connected with the input port of the power amplifier module through a radio frequency connector.
Optionally, the up-conversion module includes four up-conversion units, and the four up-conversion units respectively correspond to different operating frequencies;
the power amplification module comprises four power amplification units, and the four power amplification units correspond to different working frequencies respectively;
and the upper computer is also used for determining the working frequency of the up-conversion module and the power amplification module according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be detected.
Optionally, the receiving link includes a waveguide probe fixed on the antenna frame, a down-conversion module, and a low-noise amplification module;
the rotary joint of the antenna frame, the down-conversion module and the low-noise amplification module are connected in sequence through a radio frequency connecting wire;
and the input port of the vector network analyzer is connected with the output port of the low-noise amplifier module through a radio frequency connector.
Optionally, the down-conversion module includes four down-conversion units, and the four down-conversion units respectively correspond to different operating frequencies;
the low-noise amplification module comprises four low-noise amplification units, and the four low-noise amplification units correspond to different working frequencies respectively;
and the upper computer is also used for determining the working frequency of the down-conversion module and the low-noise amplification module according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be detected.
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna near field test method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on an antenna to be detected, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals, so that near-field data of the antenna to be detected are obtained; determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested; determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna; wherein the far field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna. According to the technical scheme, the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested is obtained according to the near-field data of the antenna to be tested, and the far-field peak value is compared with the near-field data of the standard horn antenna to calculate the gain of the antenna to be tested, so that the precision and the efficiency of near-field testing are improved. According to the technical scheme, the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested is compared with the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna, the far-field peak value and the gain of the standard horn antenna are automatically used as comparison standards, the gain of the antenna to be tested is calculated, and the precision and the efficiency of near-field testing are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for testing a near field of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for testing a near field of an antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna near-field test system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional part in an antenna near-field test system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an up-conversion module according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifier module according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a down conversion module according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a low noise amplifier module according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a control portion in an antenna near-field test system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between a standard antenna pattern and a measured antenna pattern according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart may describe the steps as a sequential process, many of the steps can be performed in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the steps may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figure. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an antenna near-field test method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to an antenna near-field test. Specifically, the antenna near field test method may be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner, and is executed by an upper computer in the antenna near field test system, where the upper computer may be a computer, a server, an industrial personal computer, or the like. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
and S110, driving the scanning device to perform near-field scanning on the antenna to be detected through the mobile control device, and controlling the vector network analyzer to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the antenna to be detected.
Specifically, the scanning device mainly includes a waveguide probe with known characteristics, and is configured to perform near-field scanning on a plane near the antenna to be measured, that is, to sample a radiation electromagnetic field of the antenna to be measured, so as to obtain amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna to be measured at discrete sampling points, where each sampling point may be distributed at equal intervals on the plane. The movement control device comprises a controller, a driver, a sliding rail and the like, and is used for controlling the scanning device to move in the near field scanning process so as to realize comprehensive near field scanning. The vector network analyzer is a test device for electromagnetic wave energy, and can be used for measuring the amplitude and phase on each sampling point to obtain the near-field data of the antenna to be measured.
And S120, determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested.
Specifically, the antenna pattern is a pattern in which the relative field strength (normalized mode value) of a radiation field at a certain distance from the antenna to be measured changes with the direction, and is used for describing the radiation characteristics of the antenna to be measured, and is also referred to as an antenna radiation pattern or a far-field pattern. According to the amplitude and the phase of each sampling point, far-field radiation characteristic related parameters of the antenna to be measured, such as beam width, main lobe width, side lobe level, direction coefficient and the like, are obtained through Fourier transform and near-far field transform algorithms, and the characteristics can be reflected through an antenna directional diagram. The far-field peak value is a main lobe peak value and is used as a key parameter for determining the gain of the antenna to be measured.
It should be noted that before the vector network analyzer is controlled to collect near-field data, the vector network analyzer initializes various parameters related to the far-field radiation characteristic of the antenna to be measured, and updates the various parameters according to the near-field data in the near-field scanning process.
S130, determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna; wherein the far field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna.
Specifically, the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna can be obtained by using an antenna near-field testing system, the amplitude data and the phase data of the near field of the standard horn antenna are sampled, then the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna can be obtained through Fourier transform and a near-far-field transform algorithm, and the far-field peak value is stored locally on an upper computer. The upper computer can compare the antenna directional diagram and the far-field peak value of the antenna to be detected with the far-field peak value data of the known standard horn antenna after acquiring the antenna directional diagram and the far-field peak value of the antenna to be detected, and calibrate the gain of the antenna to be detected on the basis of the gain of the known standard horn antenna by analyzing the difference of the far-field peak values of the antenna to be detected and the known antenna, wherein the gain of the known standard horn antenna is positively correlated with the gain of the antenna to be detected.
According to the antenna near-field testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested is obtained by collecting near-field data, then the gain of the standard horn antenna and the far-field peak value are taken as references, the self-adaptive calibration of the gain of the antenna to be tested is realized, and the precision and the efficiency of near-field testing can be improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an antenna near-field testing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is optimized based on the second embodiment, and specifically describes a process of near-far field transformation and gain calibration. It should be noted that technical details that are not described in detail in the present embodiment may be referred to any of the above embodiments.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s210, driving the scanning device to perform near field scanning on the antenna to be detected through the mobile control device, and controlling the vector network analyzer to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near field data of the antenna to be detected.
Further, the near field data includes sample point position data, near field amplitude data, and near field phase data. The near field amplitude data and the near field phase data correspond to each sampling point one by one.
And S220, performing fast Fourier transform on the near-field phase data according to the sampling point position, and obtaining a complex field according to a transform result and the near-field amplitude data.
Specifically, according to the sampling point positions, the conversion result of the near field phase data fast Fourier transform is used as an imaginary part, and the near field amplitude data is used as a real part to form a complex field at each sampling point position.
And S230, determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the complex field based on a near-far field transformation algorithm.
Specifically, the antenna pattern can be obtained by substituting the complex field at each sampling point into a near-far field transformation formula. It should be noted that the present embodiment does not limit the near-far field transformation algorithm.
And S240, correcting an antenna directional pattern according to the receiving directional pattern of the waveguide probe in the scanning device.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a probe compensation factor is added in the near-far field transformation process to modify the antenna pattern. Since the waveguide probe itself also has corresponding radiation characteristics and reception directivity patterns, the power of the received signals in different directions is also different, which affects the accuracy of the antenna directivity pattern obtained according to the near-field data conversion. By correcting the antenna directional diagram according to the receiving directional diagram of the waveguide probe, the coupling between the probe and the antenna to be tested can be prevented, the error of the antenna directional diagram and the real far field characteristic of the antenna to be tested is reduced, the accuracy of side lobes in the antenna directional diagram is ensured, and the accuracy of measuring far field peak values and calibrating gains is improved.
And S250, recording the far-field peak value of the antenna to be measured.
And S260, calculating the difference value of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be detected and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna.
In this embodiment, the far-field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna, namely, the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna also needs to be subjected to sampling and near-far field transformation of the near-field data by using an antenna near-field test system, so that an antenna pattern and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna are obtained. Furthermore, the gain of a standard feedhorn is known.
Illustratively, a waveguide probe is used to sample a standard horn antenna (gain G of a standard horn antenna)Sign boardKnown and available from the manufacturer) and calculates the far field peak P1 of the standard feedhorn from the near-far field variations.
And S270, adding the difference value and the gain of the standard horn antenna to obtain the gain of the antenna to be measured.
In the embodiment, the gain of the antenna to be measured is calibrated on the basis of the gain of the standard horn antenna by analyzing the difference of the far-field peak values of the antenna to be measured and the known standard horn antenna, and the gain of the standard horn antenna and the gain of the antenna to be measured are in positive correlation. Illustratively, the remote peak of the antenna under test is denoted as P2, and the gain of the antenna under test is GTo be treated＝P1-P2+GSign board. In some embodiments, the distance between far field peaks of the antenna under test and the known antenna, and the distance between far field peaks of the antenna under test and the known antenna under testThe gains of the antenna and the known antenna can also form the same or similar multiple relation, etc.
In this embodiment, data such as the gain and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna are marked on the upper computer, so that the gain test of different antennas to be tested can be applied to the later test, and the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested can be compared with the peak value of the standard horn antenna. On the basis, the gain calibration calculation of the antenna to be measured is simple, easy to realize and high in precision.
Optionally, the near field test method further includes: and determining the working frequency of the transmitting link and the receiving link according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be tested.
Specifically, the near field test method can be applied to an upper computer of an antenna near field test system, the antenna near field test system further comprises a transmitting link, a receiving link, a vector network analyzer and the like, an up-conversion module and a power amplifier module are arranged in the transmitting link, a down-conversion module and a low-noise amplifier module are arranged in the receiving link, the modules can work in different frequency bands, the working frequency of the transmitting link and the working frequency of the receiving link can be flexibly determined according to the working frequency band of an antenna to be tested, and the applicability and the sensitivity of the near field test method and the near field test system are improved.
The antenna near-field testing method provided by the second embodiment of the invention is optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, obtains the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested by performing near-far field transformation on near-field data, and then realizes the self-adaptive calibration of the gain of the antenna to be tested by taking the gain and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna as the reference, thereby improving the precision of the near-field test; by marking the gain of the standard horn antenna, the gain calibration process is simplified, and the near-field test efficiency is improved; the antenna directional diagram is corrected according to the receiving directional diagram of the waveguide probe, so that the error between the antenna directional diagram and the real far field characteristic of the antenna to be measured is reduced, and the accuracy of the measured far field peak value and the calculation gain are further improved; the applicability and the sensitivity of the near field test method and the near field test system are improved by flexibly determining the working frequency of the transmitting link and the receiving link.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna near-field test system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the system includes: the system comprises a transmitting link 310, a receiving link 320, a vector network analyzer 330, an upper computer 340, a mobile control device 350 and a scanning device 360 arranged on the mobile control device 350; the upper computer 340 is respectively connected with the mobile control device 350 and the vector network analyzer 330; the vector network analyzer 330 is respectively connected with the transmitting link 310 and the receiving link 320; the upper computer 340 is used for: the mobile control device 350 drives the scanning device 360 to perform near-field scanning on the antenna to be detected, and controls the vector network analyzer 330 to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the antenna to be detected; determining a far field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near field data of the standard horn antenna; wherein, the far field peak value of the standard horn antenna is obtained according to the following mode: the mobile control device 350 drives the scanning device 360 to perform near-field scanning on the standard horn antenna, and controls the vector network analyzer 330 to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near field data of the standard horn antenna.
In this embodiment, the vector network analyzer 330 receives a signal during the movement of the waveguide probe to obtain sampled near-field data, and after the sampling is finished, the near-field data is sent to the upper computer 340, and the upper computer 340 executes the antenna near-field testing method described in any of the above embodiments.
In this embodiment, the antenna near field test system may be divided into a function portion and a control portion. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional part in an antenna near-field test system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the functional portion 11 mainly includes a transmitting link 310 and a receiving link 320 for implementing the function of near field test, and the functional portion 11 can interact with a vector network analyzer 330; the control part mainly comprises an upper computer 340, a vector network analyzer 330 and a mobile control device 350, the mobile control device 350 mainly comprises a controller, a driver and a slide rail and is used for controlling the movement of a scanning device 360, and the scanning device 360 mainly comprises a waveguide probe.
Further, the transmitting link 310 includes an antenna 6 to be tested fixed on the antenna frame 7, an up-conversion module 8 and a power amplifier module 9; the antenna 6 to be tested and the waveguide probe of the receiving link 320 are fixed on the antenna frame 7 in a mode that central axes are aligned; the antenna to be tested 6, the up-conversion module 8 and the power amplifier module 9 are connected with each other through a radio frequency connecting line 10 in sequence; the output port of the vector network analyzer 330 is connected to the input port of the power amplifier module 9 through the rf connector.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an up-conversion module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the up-conversion module 8 includes four up-conversion units 23, the operating frequencies corresponding to the four up-conversion units 23 are 25-40GHz, 40-50GHz, 50-75GHz, and 75-110GHz, respectively, and can be selected according to the frequency band of the antenna 6 to be tested, the input port 25 of the up-conversion module 8 is connected with the power amplifier module 9 through the radio frequency connection line 10, and the output port 24 is connected with the antenna frame 7 through the radio frequency connection line 10.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifier module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the power amplifier module 9 includes four power amplifier units 27, the operating frequencies corresponding to the four power amplifier units 27 are 25-40GHz, 40-50GHz, 50-75GHz, and 75-110GHz, respectively, and can be selected according to the frequency band of the antenna 6 to be measured, the input port 29 of the power amplifier module 9 is connected to the output port of the vector network analyzer 330 through the radio frequency connector, and the output port 28 is connected to the input port 25 of the up-conversion module 8 through the radio frequency connection line 10.
Optionally, the upper computer 340 is further configured to determine the operating frequencies of the up-conversion module 8 and the power amplifier module 9 according to the operating frequency band of the antenna 6 to be tested.
Further, the receiving link 320 includes a waveguide probe 1 fixed on the antenna frame 2, a down-conversion module 4 and a low-noise amplification module 5; the waveguide probe 1 is fixedly connected through the antenna frame 2, the antenna frame 2 is connected with the rotary joint 3, and the rotary joint 3 can rotate 360 degrees to meet different polarization tests; the rotary joint 3, the down-conversion module 4 and the low-noise amplification module 5 of the antenna frame 2 are connected in sequence through a radio frequency connecting wire 10; the input port of the vector network analyzer 330 is connected to the output port of the low noise amplifier module 5 through a radio frequency connector.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a down conversion module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the down-conversion module 4 includes four down-conversion units 15, the operating frequencies corresponding to the four down-conversion units 15 are 25-40GHz, 40-50GHz, 50-75GHz, and 75-110GHz, respectively, and can be selected according to the frequency band of the antenna 6 to be measured, the input port 16 of the down-conversion module 4 is connected with the rotary joint 3 of the antenna frame 2 through the radio frequency connection line 10, and the output port 17 is connected with the input port of the low-noise amplification module 5 through the radio frequency connection line 10.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a low noise amplifier module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the low-noise amplifier module 5 includes four low-noise amplifier units 19, the operating frequencies corresponding to the four low-noise amplifier units 19 are 25-40GHz, 40-50GHz, 50-75GHz, and 75-110GHz, respectively, and can be selected according to the frequency band of the antenna 6 to be measured, the input port 20 of the low-noise amplifier module 5 is connected to the output port 17 of the down-conversion module 4 through the radio frequency connection line 10, and the output port 21 of the low-noise amplifier module 5 is connected to the input port of the vector network analyzer 330 through the radio frequency connector.
Optionally, the upper computer 340 is further configured to determine the operating frequencies of the down-conversion module 4 and the low-noise amplification module 5 according to the operating frequency band of the antenna 6 to be tested.
In this embodiment, the power amplifier module 9 and the low noise amplifier module 5 are added to improve the sensitivity and the dynamic range of the test system.
Optionally, the wave-absorbing material used in the antenna near-field test system is selected, so that the wave-absorbing attenuation in 8G-110GHz reaches more than 30dB, and the test precision is further improved.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a control portion in an antenna near-field test system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the control portion includes an upper computer 340, a vector network analyzer 330, and a movement control device 350, the movement control device 350 includes a Controller 31, a driver 32, and a slide rail 33, and the Controller 31 is, for example, a Programmable Multi-Axis Controller (PMAC) motion Controller. The upper computer 340 can control the vector network analyzer 330 to initialize relevant parameters (gain, beam width, main lobe width, side lobe level, direction coefficient and the like) first, then the controller 31 controls the driver 32 to drive the sliding rail 33 to move, and the scanning device arranged on the sliding rail 33 can perform plane near-field scanning; meanwhile, the upper computer 340 controls the vector network analyzer 331 to receive the scanning signal, and obtains the position of the sampling point, the near-field amplitude data and the phase data. On the basis, the upper computer 340 obtains an accurate antenna far-field characteristic based on a near-far-field transformation algorithm. The control part in the embodiment has the advantages of more flexible and accurate control and more silent driving, and is beneficial to improving the testing efficiency.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between a standard antenna pattern and a measured antenna pattern according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 10, antenna patterns (two solid lines) of two standard antennas and antenna patterns (two dotted lines, each corresponding to a different standard antenna) measured by the antenna near-field test system applying the present embodiment are shown, it can be seen that the measured antenna patterns are very close to the standard antenna patterns, and main lobe beams and peaks substantially coincide, and the method and system of the present embodiment have high near-field test accuracy.
The antenna near field test system provided by the third embodiment can be used for realizing the antenna near field test method provided by any of the above embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna near field test method, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on an antenna to be detected, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals, so that near-field data of the antenna to be detected are obtained;
determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested;
determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna;
wherein the far field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the gain of the antenna under test according to the comparison of the far-field peak of the antenna under test and the far-field peak of the standard feedhorn comprises:
calculating the difference value of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be measured and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna;
and adding the difference value and the gain of the standard horn antenna to obtain the gain of the antenna to be tested.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the near field data comprises sample point location data, near field amplitude data, and near field phase data;
determining an antenna directional pattern of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data, comprising:
performing fast Fourier transform on the near-field phase data according to the position of the sampling point, and obtaining a complex field according to a transform result and the near-field amplitude data;
and determining the antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the complex field based on a near-far field transformation algorithm.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising, prior to recording far field peaks of the antenna pattern:
and correcting the antenna directional diagram according to the receiving directional diagram of the waveguide probe in the scanning device.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and determining the working frequency of the transmitting link and the receiving link according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be tested.
6. An antenna near field test system, comprising: the system comprises a transmitting link, a receiving link, a vector network analyzer, an upper computer, a mobile control device and a scanning device arranged on the mobile control device;
the upper computer is respectively connected with the mobile control device and the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is respectively connected with the transmitting link and the receiving link;
the upper computer is used for: the method comprises the steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on an antenna to be detected, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals, so that near-field data of the antenna to be detected are obtained; determining an antenna directional diagram of the antenna to be tested according to the near field data and recording a far field peak value of the antenna to be tested; determining the gain of the antenna to be tested according to the comparison result of the far-field peak value of the antenna to be tested and the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna; wherein the far field peak of the standard horn antenna is obtained as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a scanning device is driven by a mobile control device to carry out near-field scanning on a standard horn antenna, and a vector network analyzer is controlled to receive scanning signals so as to obtain near-field data of the standard horn antenna, wherein the gain of the standard horn antenna is known; and determining the far-field peak value of the standard horn antenna according to the near-field data of the standard horn antenna.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the transmitting link comprises an antenna to be tested fixed on an antenna frame, an up-conversion module and a power amplifier module;
the antenna to be tested and the waveguide probe in the receiving link are fixed on the antenna frame in a mode that central axes are aligned;
the antenna to be tested, the up-conversion module and the power amplification module are connected in sequence through a radio frequency connecting wire;
and the output port of the vector network analyzer is connected with the input port of the power amplifier module through a radio frequency connector.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the up-conversion module comprises four up-conversion units, each of the four up-conversion units corresponding to a different operating frequency;
the power amplification module comprises four power amplification units, and the four power amplification units correspond to different working frequencies respectively;
and the upper computer is also used for determining the working frequency of the up-conversion module and the power amplification module according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be detected.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the receive chain comprises a waveguide probe fixed to an antenna mount, a down conversion module, and a low noise amplification module;
the rotary joint of the antenna frame, the down-conversion module and the low-noise amplification module are connected in sequence through a radio frequency connecting wire;
and the input port of the vector network analyzer is connected with the output port of the low-noise amplifier module through a radio frequency connector.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the down-conversion module comprises four down-conversion units, and the four down-conversion units respectively correspond to different operating frequencies;
the low-noise amplification module comprises four low-noise amplification units, and the four low-noise amplification units correspond to different working frequencies respectively;
and the upper computer is also used for determining the working frequency of the down-conversion module and the low-noise amplification module according to the working frequency band of the antenna to be detected.
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