CN112858452A - In-vivo analysis system combining probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry - Google Patents
In-vivo analysis system combining probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a living body analysis system combining probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry, which comprises: probe electrospray ionization systems (PESI), spray systems, and mass spectrometry systems; wherein the spraying system comprises a solvent tank, an infusion pump, a compressed air or nitrogen tank, an atomizer, a fogdrop screener, a spraying pipe and a columnar mist atmosphere; also comprises a micro positioning system. The spraying system of the invention generates continuous and stable columnar mist atmosphere, thus realizing high-efficiency spraying and ionization; meanwhile, the spray pipe is far away from the metal probe, so that the internal space is effectively released, the system can have an operation space, and the use is convenient; the spraying system pumps out the solvent by adopting a conventional liquid chromatography pump without using a micro-injection pump, so that the cost is saved; the method is not limited by the use of solvents and has wide application range; the microscopic positioning system can analyze and measure the organs of the tiny animals of the insects, and the positioning method is accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of in-vivo chemical analysis, and particularly relates to a probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry combined in-vivo analysis system.
Background
The living body chemical analysis technology adopts a chemical means to reflect the space distribution characteristics and the molecular basis of the animal and tissue change process. Currently, there is an increasing demand for chemical analysis of living organisms. Such as the physiological and biochemical characteristics of organs before transplantation, the molecular mechanism of brain tissue structure, function and conscious activity, the genetic and metabolic molecular basis of growth and development of model organisms (nematodes, fruit flies, zebrafish, mice, etc.), and the like. Traditional in vivo analysis techniques, such as nuclear magnetism, X-ray, ultrasound, etc., as an imaging analysis technique, can effectively reflect the morphology of animal and tissue change processes, but cannot provide the molecular basis of the change processes. In particular, in recent years, the development of in-situ mass spectrometry has led to a dramatic development of in-vivo chemical analysis techniques. The living body mass spectrometry technology can directly use molecular information to describe the characteristics of animal physiology, biochemistry, heredity, metabolism and the like, and is one of the leading-edge technologies of the prior biological analysis.
The principle of the probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined technology (PESI-MS) is to collect a sample by adopting a fine metal probe and then apply high voltage to the sample so as to spray and ionize the sample. The outer diameter of the metal probe is 0.12mm, the needle point is 700nm, and the damage to living animals is small, so the method is an advanced technology for direct mass spectrometry of the living animals.
After the metal probe collects a living animal tissue sample, the probe needs to be solvated, and the sample adhered to the surface of the probe can be atomized and ionized for subsequent mass spectrometry. Therefore, the solvation technique of the surface of the metal probe is one of the key techniques of the in vivo mass spectrometry system.
In the prior art, the solvent-assisted probe ionization method mainly comprises two methods: (1) electrospray ionization source (ESI) for liquid chromatography mass spectrometry is used to spray metal probes, increasing ionization efficiency. The ESI source employs an inert gas such as nitrogen to atomize the solvent, usually requiring a certain proportion of organic solvent to be fully atomized; meanwhile, the ESI source has high cost, large volume and low space utilization rate. (2) The atomization method aiming at the water solvent is a method for spraying liquid water by adopting a micro-injector, heating the tip of a metal nozzle of the injector to 160 ℃ and enabling the solvent to be atomized, thereby enabling the probe to be solvated; the method adopts a high-temperature heating method, has certain danger, and the high-temperature probe is close to the living animal and can cause the damage of the living animal. The two methods both adopt extremely low liquid flow rate (3 mul/min), need to adopt a micro-injection pump and have high instrument cost; the spraying is carried out at a distance of about 5-10mm from the probe, so that the surface of the probe is solvated, and the probe has space limitation when being used for analyzing living body animals.
The prior art also discloses the addition of a solvent cup above the live animal tissue, the bottom of the solvent cup is an elastic membrane, the probe passes through the solvent and the membrane during sampling, and the surface of the probe is solvated by the solvent after sampling. The method is substantially the average value of the mass spectrum information of the sampling points, and when the elastic film passes through, a sample is easily adhered below the film and cannot enter the mass spectrum.
In addition, for living animals, especially for living animals such as zebra fish and insects, tissues and organs are small and can be correctly distinguished with the help of a microscope; for a living animal with a slightly larger somatotype such as a mouse, a tissue organ has a tiny functional region, and the tissue organ can be correctly distinguished under the help of a microscope, and a suitable method is not reported at present. Under the microscope, a micro displacement platform is also needed to be added so as to selectively probe the target area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a living body analysis system combining probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry, which solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the ionization cost of a metal probe is high, high-temperature heating is required, and space limitation is caused by too close distance to the probe.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization in combination with mass spectrometry comprising: probe electrospray ionization systems (PESI), spray systems, and mass spectrometry systems; wherein the spraying system comprises a solvent tank, an infusion pump, a compressed air or nitrogen tank, an atomizer, a fogdrop screener, a spraying pipe and a columnar mist atmosphere.
The mass spectrometry system comprises a mass spectrometer and a CBM, wherein the CBM is used for exchanging information with the infusion pump and the mass spectrometer; the mass spectrometer is a mass spectrometer product with a model of more than LCMS-8045 of Shimadzu corporation; preferably, the mass spectrometer is an LCMS-8060 mass spectrometer.
The spray system comprises:
the inlet of the infusion pump is connected with the solvent tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the infusion pump is connected with the inlet of the atomizer through a pipeline;
the atomizer is provided with a gas path connected with a compressed air or nitrogen tank, and the outlet of the atomizer is connected with a fogdrop screener;
the fog drop screener is connected with the spray pipe through a hose;
a spray tube to produce a continuous and stable columnar mist atmosphere;
a columnar atmosphere, generated by a spray tube, with the metal probe in a solvent atmosphere.
The spray system pumps the solvent out using a conventional liquid chromatography pump and atomizes the solvent using compressed air or nitrogen.
The flow rate of the compressed air or the nitrogen gas is in the range of 100-2000 ml/min.
The solvent is one or two of a water solvent and an organic solvent.
The flow rate of the solvent is in the range of 0.1-2 ml/min.
The distance between the pipe orifice of the spray pipe and the metal probe is 1-3cm, and the diameter of the columnar atomization atmosphere is 0.5-2 cm.
The living body analysis system further comprises a microscopic positioning system, the microscopic positioning system comprises a microscope and a three-dimensional micro-displacement system for realizing XYZ three-way movement, the three-dimensional micro-displacement system comprises a cantilever beam and a cantilever support, the cantilever beam is arranged in the Z direction, and a sample is placed on the cantilever support.
The positioning method of the microscopic positioning system comprises the following steps: (1) fixing the sample on the cantilever support; (2) finding a micro functional area of a target area or an organ through a microscope; (3) and moving the three-dimensional micro-displacement system to position the target area in the area which can be acquired by the probe.
Wherein the columnar mist atmosphere is generated as follows: firstly pumping out liquid by a high-pressure infusion pump (preferably Shimadzu LC-30AD) at the flow rate of 0.1-2ml/min, preferably 1.5 ml/min; then, a coaxial atomizer (such as an atomizer for ICP, an atomizer on an evaporative light scattering detector and the like, preferably an atomizer of Shimadzu ICP) is adopted for atomization, and the flow rate of atomizing gas is within the range of 100-2000ml/min, preferably 700 ml/min; and finally, the particles enter an atomization screener (such as an ICP atomizer, an evaporative light scattering detector fog drop screener and the like, preferably an Shimadzu ICP fog drop screener) to select atomized particles with uniform sizes. The size of the fog drop outlet can be adjusted, when the size of the fog drop outlet is 5-8mm, the size of the fog drop outlet is preferably 5mm, and the linear velocity of the spraying does not have a remarkable influence on the fluid form of the mass spectrum sample inlet. Through the fog drop screener, the caliber of the flowing fog atmosphere is improved, the linear velocity is reduced, and ionization of the fog atmosphere enhanced probe is successfully realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: by optimizing experimental parameters, the spraying system can generate continuous and stable columnar atomizing atmosphere, compared with the atomizing atmosphere which cannot be seen in the prior art, the metal probe is easier to judge and ensure to be in the solvent atmosphere, and the columnar atomizing atmosphere can enhance probe ionization and realize high-efficiency spraying and ionization; meanwhile, the spray pipe is far away from the metal probe, so that the internal space is effectively released, the system can have an operation space, and the use is convenient; the spraying system pumps out the solvent by adopting a conventional liquid chromatography pump without using a micro-injection pump, so that the cost is saved; the solvent is not limited by the use of solvent, and can be water solvent, organic solvent, or mixed solvent of water and organic solvent, and the use range is wide; the microscopic positioning system can analyze and measure the organs of the tiny animals of the insects, and the positioning method is accurate and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an in vivo analysis system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spray system.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a columnar spray live view.
Fig. 4 is a scanning ion flow graph (a, b, c) of a cucumber sample and an MRM chromatogram (d) of amino acids in cucumber.
FIG. 5 is a scanning ion flow graph (a, b, c) of a pork sample and an MRM chromatogram of amino acids in pork (d).
FIG. 6 is ion mass spectrum of brain tissue scan of locust, wherein (a) is positive mode and (b) is negative mode.
FIG. 7 is the MRM chromatogram of 10 kinds of neural geology of locust brain tissue.
Reference numerals: 1, an infusion pump; 2, a solvent tank; 3, an atomizer; 4 compressed air or nitrogen tank; 5, a fog drop screener; 6, a spray pipe; 7, columnar mist atmosphere; 8 a metal probe; 9, a mass spectrum sample inlet; 10 waste liquid.
Detailed Description
An in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization in combination with mass spectrometry comprising: probe electrospray ionization systems (PESI), spray systems, and mass spectrometry systems; wherein the spraying system comprises a solvent tank 2, an infusion pump 1, a compressed air or nitrogen tank 4, an atomizer 3, a fog drop screener 5, a spraying pipe 6 and a columnar mist atmosphere 7.
The mass spectrometry system comprises a mass spectrometer and a CBM, wherein the CBM is used for exchanging information with the infusion pump and the mass spectrometer; the mass spectrometer is a mass spectrometer product with a model of more than LCMS-8045 of Shimadzu corporation; preferably, the mass spectrometer is an LCMS-8060 mass spectrometer.
The spray system comprises:
an inlet of the infusion pump 1 is connected with the solvent tank 2 through a pipeline, and an outlet of the infusion pump is connected with an inlet of the atomizer 3 through a pipeline;
the atomizer 3 is provided with an air path connected with a compressed air or nitrogen tank 4, and the outlet of the atomizer is connected with a fog drop screener 5;
the fog drop screener 5 is connected with the spray pipe 6 through a hose;
a spray pipe 6, which produces a continuous and stable columnar mist atmosphere 7;
a columnar atmosphere 7 is generated by the spray pipe 6, and the metal probe 8 is placed in a solvent atmosphere.
The spraying system adopts a conventional liquid chromatography pump as a pump to pump out the solvent, and adopts compressed air or nitrogen to atomize the solvent.
The flow rate of the compressed air or the nitrogen gas is in the range of 100-2000 ml/min.
The solvent is one or two of a water solvent and an organic solvent.
The flow rate of the solvent is in the range of 0.1-2 ml/min.
The distance between the pipe orifice of the spray pipe 6 and the metal probe is 1-3cm, and the diameter of the columnar atmosphere 7 is 0.5-2 cm.
The living body analysis system further comprises a microscopic positioning system, the microscopic positioning system comprises a microscope and a three-dimensional micro-displacement system for realizing XYZ three-way movement, the three-dimensional micro-displacement system comprises a cantilever beam and a cantilever support, the cantilever beam is arranged in the Z direction, and a sample is placed on the cantilever support to realize the accurate positioning of the sample.
The positioning method of the microscopic positioning system comprises the following steps: (1) fixing the sample on the cantilever support; (2) finding a micro functional area of a target area or an organ through a microscope; (3) and moving the three-dimensional micro-displacement system to position the target area in the area which can be acquired by the probe.
Example 1
And simulating a biological tissue sample by using the crushed cucumber, and inspecting the effectiveness of a living body analysis system combining probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrum.
The water content of the cucumber sample is 96-98% by mass, and the analysis capability of a living body analysis system for testing a high water content (high-grade) living tissue sample can be reflected. Comparing the scanning ion mass spectra of the cucumber sample in the positive mode under the conditions of no spray (fig. 4(a)) and spray (fig. 4(b)), it can be seen that the cucumber sample has only 1 mass spectrum peak and the intensity is about 500 when no spray is present, and is presumed to be noise interference. This is because cucumber has a high water content and the target compound has a very low ionization efficiency. After the organic solvent is introduced to the surface of the probe through spraying, the ionization efficiency of the sample is improved. Comparing the scanned ion mass spectra of the cucumber sample (fig. 4(b)) and the solvent blank (fig. 4(c)), a number of characteristic mass spectra peaks in cucumber can be found. FIG. 4(d) shows the detection of 20 amino acids in Cucumis sativus. The amino acid MRM method parameters were set with reference to shimadzu amino acid method package. It can be seen that under multiple reaction monitoring conditions, multiple amino acids can be detected.
Example 2
And (3) evaluating the effectiveness of the in-vivo analysis system by taking the crushed pork as a simulation sample.
The pork ridge meat has the fat content of about 8 percent by mass and the water content of 64-68 percent by mass, and the components are close to the living animal tissues. For the pork sample, under no-spray conditions (fig. 5(a)), few significant mass spectrum peaks were observed, consistent with the cucumber sample analysis results.
Comparing the scanned ion mass spectra in positive mode for the pork sample (FIG. 5(b)) and the system blank (FIG. 5(c)), the m/z in the pork sample was mainly concentrated in the range of 700-. Fig. 5(d) is an MRM chromatogram of amino acids in a pork sample, again with multiple amino acids monitored. In conclusion, the simulated sample (cucumber and pork) experiments prove that the in vivo analysis system has the potential of in vivo analysis.
Example 3
The method is one of basic scientific problems of locust research and has important significance for finally controlling locust plague by monitoring the variety and strength change of chemical substances in brain tissues of living locusts and researching information access and metabolic access of the locusts to borrow change. By adopting the traditional purification, separation, purification and analysis routes, not only substances which are easy to oxidize, photo and thermal degrade are difficult to detect, but also most chemical information substances are lost. The in-vivo analysis system based on this application is built can be under the minimum condition of damage to the locust, acquires locust brain tissue sample.
The analysis process of the locust right brain region is as follows: with the help of a microscope, the right brain area of the locust is observed, and then the probe is moved to a target area through a three-dimensional micromotion system to carry out detection. FIG. 6 shows the scanning mass spectrum of the brain tissue of locust in positive and negative modes, and abundant mass spectrum information can be detected in both positive and negative modes.
FIG. 7 shows the scanning mass spectrum of locust brain tissue in positive and negative mode, which contains abundant molecular information. The locust neurotransmitter mainly comprises 12 types: aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, arginine, taurine, acetylcholine, citrulline, dopamine, serotonin, octopamine, and N-acetyl dopamine. During the course of the experiment, each neurotransmitter was monitored using two ion pairs, and when two ion pairs were detected, it was determined that the compound was detected in brain tissue.
The study detects 10 neurotransmitters, namely aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, arginine, taurine, acetylcholine, citrulline, dopamine and octopamine, in the brain tissue of the locust. Serotonin and N-acetyl dopamine, etc. were not detected, probably because these neurotransmitters were mainly distributed at local sites with lower levels at the sampling sites.
In addition, the locust sample still has remarkable vital signs after being sampled and analyzed for more than 30 times, and the physical damage to the living animals is proved to be very small. The in-vivo analysis system is simple in composition, can be used for mass spectrometry of common model animals such as zebra fish and mice, and is an important tool for in-vivo analysis research.
Claims (10)
1. An in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization in combination with mass spectrometry comprising: probe electrospray ionization systems (PESI), spray systems, and mass spectrometry systems; wherein the spraying system comprises a solvent tank, an infusion pump, a compressed air or nitrogen tank, an atomizer, a fogdrop screener, a spraying pipe and a columnar mist atmosphere.
2. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization in combination with mass spectrometry of claim 1, comprising a mass spectrometer and a CBM for information exchange with an infusion pump and mass spectrometer; the mass spectrometer is a mass spectrometer product with a model of more than LCMS-8045 of Shimadzu corporation; preferably, the mass spectrometer is an LCMS-8060 mass spectrometer.
3. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization with mass spectrometry of claim 1 or 2, the spray system comprising:
the inlet of the infusion pump is connected with the solvent tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the infusion pump is connected with the inlet of the atomizer through a pipeline;
the atomizer is provided with a gas path connected with a compressed air or nitrogen tank, and the outlet of the atomizer is connected with a fogdrop screener;
the fog drop screener is connected with the spray pipe through a hose;
a spray tube to produce a continuous and stable columnar mist atmosphere;
a columnar atmosphere, generated by a spray tube, with the metal probe in a solvent atmosphere.
4. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry of claim 3 using a conventional liquid chromatography pump to pump solvent and to atomize the solvent using compressed air or nitrogen.
5. The in-vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry as claimed in claim 4, wherein the flow rate of compressed air or nitrogen is in the range of 100-2000 ml/min.
6. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the solvent is one or both of an aqueous solvent and an organic solvent.
7. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry of claim 6, wherein the solvent flow rate is in the range of 0.1-2 ml/min.
8. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry of claim 3, wherein the orifice of said spray tube is 1-3cm from the metal probe and the diameter of the columnar atmosphere is 0.5-2 cm.
9. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry of claim 1, further comprising a micro positioning system comprising a microscope and a three-dimensional micro-displacement system for XYZ three-way movement, the three-dimensional micro-displacement system comprising a cantilever beam disposed in the Z-direction and a cantilever mount on which the sample is placed.
10. The in vivo analysis system for probe electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry of claim 9, the micropositioning system being positioned as follows: (1) fixing the sample on the cantilever support; (2) finding a micro functional area of a target area or an organ through a microscope; (3) and moving the three-dimensional micro-displacement system to position the target area in the area which can be acquired by the probe.
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