CN112858285A - Method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticide - Google Patents
Method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858285A CN112858285A CN202110157338.8A CN202110157338A CN112858285A CN 112858285 A CN112858285 A CN 112858285A CN 202110157338 A CN202110157338 A CN 202110157338A CN 112858285 A CN112858285 A CN 112858285A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/80—Indicating pH value
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticides, which comprises the steps of carrying out self-assembly reaction on zinc porphyrin serving as a main raw material to obtain zinc nano porphyrin, adding the zinc nano porphyrin into an organochlorine pesticide solution with a known concentration and containing a pH indicator to react until the color of the organochlorine pesticide solution does not change, and establishing a standard colorimetric device based on the concentration of the organochlorine pesticide according to the color relation between the concentration of the organochlorine pesticide and a detection solution system after the reaction so as to realize the visual determination of the content of the organochlorine pesticide in a solution system to be detected. The invention firstly proposes that the organic chlorine pesticide is catalyzed to generate dechlorination reaction based on zinc nano porphyrin, and the relationship between the color change and the concentration of the organic chlorine pesticide is established by the interaction between hydrogen protons generated by dechlorination and a pH indicator, so as to realize the rapid identification of the organic chlorine pesticide, and the invention has the advantages of good specificity, high sensitivity, high response speed and the like, and can provide a brand new thought for the low-cost and high-efficiency determination of the organic chlorine pesticide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticides.
Background
Organic chlorine pesticide is a high-effective pesticide for preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests, is an organic compound containing organic chlorine element, and has been widely used. Organochlorine pesticides have high toxicity to the endocrine system, reproductive system, nervous system, etc. of living bodies, and organochlorine pesticides that enter the human body through the food chain can accumulate in tissues such as liver, kidney, heart, etc., and their great lipid solubility makes accumulation in body fat more severe. Therefore, the use of organochlorine pesticides has been stopped in China for a long time. But the organochlorine pesticide has stable structure, is not easy to be degraded by enzyme, and can accumulate organochlorine pesticide molecules in animals and plants for more than half a century; therefore, organochlorine pesticides still exist in the environment, which are further diffused through biological enrichment and food chain transfer, causing serious harm to organisms.
At present, the analysis and detection of the organochlorine pesticide residue mainly depend on large-scale instruments, such as high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the like. These detection methods have extremely high sensitivity and small errors, but generally require complicated pretreatment and have high requirements on the skills of operators. In recent years, biosensing methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, monoclonal antibody-based indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay, semi-quantitative immunochromatography, electrochemical methods and the like have been successfully applied to the detection of pesticide residues. However, these biosensing methods have the disadvantages of complicated preparation, harsh storage conditions, high cost, false positive results, etc. due to the antibody, and have limited detection effects, and cannot completely replace large-scale precision instruments. Therefore, the detection method which can meet the requirement of on-site rapid detection and is convenient to store and low in cost is further developed, and has important research and application significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for rapidly detecting organochlorine pesticides in lake water, soil, Chinese cabbage, chrysanthemum and other complex matrixes, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticides, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out self-assembly reaction on zinc porphyrin serving as a main raw material to obtain zinc nano porphyrin, adding the zinc nano porphyrin into an organic chloride pesticide solution containing a pH indicator and having a known concentration, uniformly mixing to obtain a detection solution system, reacting until the color does not change, and establishing a standard colorimetric device based on the concentration of the organic chloride pesticide according to the color relation between the concentration of the organic chloride pesticide and the detection solution system after reaction to realize the visual determination of the content of the organic chloride pesticide in the solution system to be detected.
In the scheme, under the condition of the same dosage, zinc nano porphyrin is added into the solution to be detected containing the pH indicator and is uniformly mixed to obtain a solution system to be detected, the reaction is carried out until the color does not change any more, the color of the solution system to be detected after the reaction is compared with a standard colorimetric device, and the determination of the content of the organochlorine pesticide in the solution to be detected is realized.
In the above scheme, the zinc porphyrin can be tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrin (ZnTPyP), tetra- (4-hydroxy) zinc porphyrin (ZnTHPP), tetra- (4-methoxy) zinc porphyrin (ZnTMPP) or tetra- (4-phenyl) zinc porphyrin (ZnTCPP); tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrin is preferred.
In the scheme, the preparation method of the zinc nano porphyrin comprises the following steps: dissolving zinc porphyrin in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) to prepare porphyrin solution, adding the porphyrin solution into water, carrying out self-assembly reaction at 20-28 ℃ to obtain zinc-containing nano porphyrin solution, and storing at 0-4 ℃ for later use; zinc metal is used as a common non-noble metal with low price, has good catalytic activity, is based on a large pi structure of a porphyrin structure and excellent optical and physicochemical properties of the porphyrin structure, is combined with zinc-metalized porphyrin to obtain a zinc nano porphyrin product through nanocrystallization, has good appearance effect and size effect, and can greatly improve the catalytic activity.
In the above scheme, the concentration of zinc porphyrin in the porphyrin solution is 0.8-1.5 × 10-3mol/L。
In the scheme, the volume ratio of the porphyrin solution to the water is 1-3: 8-10.
In the scheme, the self-assembly reaction time is 3-10 min.
In the scheme, the obtained zinc nano porphyrin is spherical, and the particle size is 0.53-1.16 mm.
In the above scheme, the pH indicator may be a pH indicator with an acid color change range, such as bromocresol green, tetraiodophenol sulfophthalein, bromophenol blue, methyl red, or thymol blue.
Preferably, the pH indicator is bromocresol green.
In the scheme, the concentration of the tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin in the detection solution system and the solution system to be detected is 0.8-3 multiplied by 10-5mol/L; the concentration of the pH indicator is 0.1-10 mol/L.
In the scheme, the concentration of the organochlorine pesticide in the detection solution system is 0.008-5 mg/L.
In the scheme, the organic chlorine pesticide can be selected from dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, chlordane, dieldrin, aldrin, heptachlor, chloronitrobenzene, chlorothalonil, tetradifon or dicofol and the like.
In the scheme, the reaction time of the detection solution system and the solution system to be detected is 2-10 min.
In the scheme, the standard colorimetric device comprises a plurality of separation grooves capable of loading detection solutions and a standard colorimetric card based on the concentration of the organochlorine pesticide, wherein the standard colorimetric card is formed by reacting detection solution systems with different known organochlorine pesticide concentrations until the colors of the detection solution systems do not change any more, photographing the colors of the solutions in the separation grooves, extracting RGB values of the obtained photos and drawing the RGB values by adopting PS software.
Preferably, the separation groove is arranged on the rotary substrate, and the separation groove is rotated to realize rapid comparison with colors in a standard color comparison card.
Preferably, the known organochlorine pesticide concentrations in the test solution system are 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.08, 0.1, 0.4, 0.8, and 2mg/L, respectively.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention utilizes tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrin to carry out self-assembly to obtain nano porphyrin, and firstly proposes that the nano porphyrin is utilized to catalyze organochlorine pesticides to carry out dechlorination reaction to generate hydrogen protons under the room temperature condition (without the help of photocatalysis or conventional electrochemical catalysis means), and further interacts with a pH indicator to realize the color change of a pH indicator solution system based on different organochlorine pesticide concentrations, and establish the relationship between color difference and organochlorine pesticide content so as to realize the quick visual detection of the organochlorine pesticides.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention firstly proposes that the organic chlorine pesticide is catalyzed to generate dechlorination reaction based on zinc nano porphyrin, and the relationship between the color change and the concentration of the organic chlorine pesticide is established by the interaction between hydrogen protons generated by dechlorination and a pH indicator, so as to realize the rapid identification of the organic chlorine pesticide and provide a brand new thought for the low-cost and high-efficiency determination of the organic chlorine pesticide;
2) compared with the traditional detection methods based on mass spectrum, chromatogram and the like, the method has the advantages of simple operation, rapid reaction, strong capability of identifying and quantifying the organochlorine pesticide, high sensitivity, high response speed and the like, can directly visually detect the organochlorine pesticide by naked eyes, can synchronously realize the detection of various organochlorine pesticide samples, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism of the detection method according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a standard colorimetric device according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transmission electron microscope image of tetrakis- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrinones obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the test results of the production of hydrogen protons by dechlorination of organochlorine pesticides catalyzed by tetrakis- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrinonanoporphyrin-bromocresol green according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of complex substrate recovery (lake water, chrysanthemum, soil) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of preferred results for different porphyrins;
FIG. 7 is a specific diagram for detecting the specificity between different pesticides such as carbofuran, procymidone, quinclorac, tebufenozide, trichlorfon, cartap, deltamethrin and the like and organochlorine pesticides.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the chemicals and solvents used were all of analytical grade.
Example 1
A method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticides, the mechanism schematic diagram of which is shown in figure 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparing tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin;
0.0068g of tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrin is dissolved in 10mL of N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), and 5mL of the solution with the concentration of 1X 10 is taken-3Adding mol/L tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrin DMF solution into 45mL ultrapure water, and reacting at 25 ℃ for 5min to obtain the solution with the concentration of 1 × 10-4A tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin solution of mol/L;
2) constructing a standard colorimetric device; design a button color comparison device based on carousel logic, set up 8 in the ring channel of external diameter 4cm and separate the liquid baffle, evenly divide 8 fan-shaped separating tank into the ring channel, the ring channel middle part sets up the pivot and sets up the ring channel through the pivot at the annular standard colorimetric card surface in lower part, utilizes the pivot to make the separating tank alongThe annular standard color comparison card rotates in the circumferential direction and performs color comparison with the standard color comparison card; the preparation method of the annular standard colorimetric card comprises the following steps: the concentration of 100. mu.L was adjusted to 1X 10-5mol/L tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin solution, 50 mu L concentration of 3 multiplied by 10-3Uniformly mixing a mol/L bromocresol green solution and 100 mu L of organochlorine pesticide solution with the concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.8, 1, 4, 8 and 20mg/L respectively, reacting at 25 ℃ (room temperature condition) for 5min until the solution color does not change, photographing different solution systems after reaction to obtain a color photo, extracting the RGB value of the photo by adopting PS software, drawing a hollow circular card based on the concentration of the organochlorine pesticide, and printing according to the concentration gradient sequence to obtain an annular standard colorimetric card (the outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of an annular groove) with the color change from yellow to blue-green and the width of 1-5cm (the structure diagram is shown in figure 2, and the diagram comprises two annular standard colorimetric cards based on different organochlorine pesticide concentrations);
3) detecting the organochlorine pesticide:
sequentially adding 100 mu L of 1 multiplied by 10 into 8 separating grooves of a button colorimetric device-5mol/L tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin solution and 50 mu L of 3 multiplied by 10-3Adding 100 mu L of complex matrix solution to be detected of the organochlorine pesticide into the pH indicator in mol/L, finally adding 750 mu L of water, uniformly mixing, reacting at 25 ℃ for 5 minutes, observing color change by naked eyes, and comparing with a color comparison card on an outer ring, thereby realizing rapid colorimetric detection of the organochlorine pesticide.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a standard colorimetric device according to example 1 of the present invention, wherein the colors of the solution systems in 8 sectorial separation tanks are blue-cyan, yellow-green and yellow in sequence after the organochlorine pesticide solutions of different concentrations are added; two standard colorimetric cards (the size of color blocks has slight difference) formed based on different organochlorine pesticide concentrations are arranged in the obtained annular colorimetric card, so that the rapid comparison between the solution in the fan-shaped separation groove and the standard colorimetric cards is conveniently realized.
FIG. 3 is a transmission electron microscope image of the solution of zinc tetrakis- (4-pyridyl) porphyrin obtained in this example, which shows that the obtained porphyrin nanoparticles are spherical in shape and have a particle size of 0.53-1.16 μm.
FIG. 4 shows that the change of hydrogen protons generated by dechlorination of organochlorine pesticides is catalyzed by tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano-porphyrin obtained in the embodiment, and the result shows that the pH value is changed most remarkably within the range of 4.1-5.0; in the conventional acid indicator, bromocresol green shows yellow at a pH of 3.8, and blue-green at a pH of 5.4, and the color change pH range is closer to that of FIG. 3, and the bromocresol green is preferably used as the indicator for indicating pH in the present invention.
The identification of organochlorine pesticides in lake water, chrysanthemum and soil, which are real samples, was carried out under the same concentration and the same conditions, respectively, and the results are shown in FIG. 5, in which the arrow position is the reaction result of organochlorine pesticide concentration of 0.02 mg/L. In all three complex substrates (lake water, chrysanthemum and soil), the organochlorine pesticide at a concentration of 0.02mg/L showed a faint yellow-green color, while the reaction below this concentration resulted in a blue-cyan color, and the reaction above this concentration resulted in a yellow-green or even deep yellow color. Therefore, when the reaction color is observed to be yellow green by naked eyes and is compared with a colorimetric card for confirmation, the organochlorine pesticide in the complex matrix can be rapidly judged to exceed the national standard limit of 0.02 mg/L.
Example 2
Further investigating the specificity of detecting the organochlorine pesticide by using different nano-porphyrins, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) preparing different nano porphyrins;
preparing different nano porphyrins by respectively referring to the method in the step 1) of the example 1, wherein 0.0008g of tetra- (4-methoxy) zinc porphyrin, 0.00068g of tetra- (4-phenyl) zinc porphyrin and 0.00075g of tetra- (4-hydroxy) zinc porphyrin are respectively weighed and prepared into different nano porphyrin solutions with the same concentration according to the conditions;
2) sequentially adding 100 mul of 1 × 10 concentration into 8 separating grooves of a button colorimetric device-5mol/L four different nano porphyrin solutions and 50 mu L of 3 multiplied by 10-3And adding 100 mu L of chlordane solution with the concentration of 2mg/L into the solution of the pH indicator in mol/L, adding 750 mu L of ultrapure water, uniformly mixing, reacting at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 5min, and measuring the absorbance of the solution system by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.
The response results of different nano porphyrins to the organochlorine pesticide are shown in figure 6, only the tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin can promote the organochlorine pesticide to generate obvious reaction, and the obvious reaction is shown in the comparison result of the absorbance of the organochlorine pesticide with or without addition of the organochlorine pesticide; the tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin is preferably used as an active material for detecting the organochlorine pesticide.
Example 3
Specificity test of organochlorine pesticide
Adding 100 μ L of 1 × 10 concentration into 8 separate tanks of button colorimetric device-5mol/L tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc nano porphyrin solution and 50 mu L of concentration of 3 multiplied by 10-3Adding 100 mu L of 2mg/L chlordane solution and 100 mu L of 100mg/L carbofuran, procymidone, quinclorac, tebufenozide, trichlorfon, cartap and deltamethrin respectively into the pH indicator of mol/L, finally adding 750 mu L of ultrapure water, uniformly mixing, reacting for 5min at the temperature of 25 ℃, observing color change by naked eyes and comparing with a color comparison card on the outer circle.
The specific detection result is shown in FIG. 7, only the chlordane generates yellow change, and the color change of other pesticides generates only slight change under the condition that the concentration is 50 times higher than the chlordane concentration, and is not obvious. The detection method has strong detection specificity on the organochlorine pesticide and is not influenced by other pesticides.
The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Other variants and modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art and can be made on the basis of the above description, are not necessary or exhaustive for all embodiments, and are therefore within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for visually detecting organochlorine pesticides, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out self-assembly reaction on zinc porphyrin serving as a main raw material to obtain zinc nano porphyrin, adding the zinc nano porphyrin into an organic chloride pesticide solution containing a pH indicator and having a known concentration, uniformly mixing to obtain a detection solution system, reacting until the color does not change, and establishing a standard colorimetric device based on the concentration of the organic chloride pesticide according to the color relation between the concentration of the organic chloride pesticide and the detection solution system after reaction to realize the visual determination of the content of the organic chloride pesticide in the solution system to be detected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the zinc porphyrin is tetra- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrin, tetra- (4-methoxy) zinc porphyrin, or tetra- (4-phenyl) zinc porphyrin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the zinc nano-porphyrin is prepared by a method comprising the steps of: dissolving zinc porphyrin in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) to prepare porphyrin solution, adding the porphyrin solution into water, carrying out self-assembly reaction at 20-28 ℃ to obtain zinc-containing nano porphyrin solution, and storing at 0-4 ℃ for later use.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the concentration of zinc porphyrin in the porphyrin solution is 0.8-1.5 x 10-3mol/L; the volume ratio of the porphyrin solution to the water is 1-3: 8-10.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the self-assembly reaction time is 3-10 min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH indicator is bromocresol green, tetraiodophenolsulfonphthalein, bromophenol blue, methyl red, or thymol blue; the organic chlorine pesticide is DDT, chlordane, dieldrin, aldrin, heptachlor, chloronitrobenzene, chlorothalonil, dicofol or dicofol.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of tetrakis- (4-pyridyl) zinc porphyrinato in the detection solution system and the solution system to be detected is 0.8-3 x 10-5mol/L; the concentration of the pH indicator is 0.1-10 mol/L; detecting organochlorine pesticide concentration in solution systemThe degree is 0.008-5 mg/L.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction time of the detection solution system and the solution system to be detected is 2-10 min.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standard colorimetric device comprises a plurality of separate tanks capable of loading detection solution and a standard colorimetric card based on organochlorine pesticide concentration, wherein the standard colorimetric card is formed by reacting detection solution systems with different known organochlorine pesticide concentrations until the color does not change any more, photographing the color of the solution in each separate tank, extracting RGB values of the obtained photograph, and drawing by using PS software.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the separation channels are provided on a rotating substrate, whereby the separation channels are rotated to effect a contrast with colors in a standard color chart.
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