CN112858272A - Detection method of phenols - Google Patents
Detection method of phenols Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858272A CN112858272A CN202110019872.2A CN202110019872A CN112858272A CN 112858272 A CN112858272 A CN 112858272A CN 202110019872 A CN202110019872 A CN 202110019872A CN 112858272 A CN112858272 A CN 112858272A
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- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N2021/786—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour with auxiliary heating for reaction
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Abstract
The invention provides a detection method of phenols, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing and dissolving alanine and secondary water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to synthesize alanine carbon quantum dots; s2, mixing 4-aminoantipyrine and hydrogen peroxide, and adding the phenol substances to be detected to form a reaction system; s3, adding the alanine carbon quantum dots synthesized in the step S1 into the reaction system in the step S2, reacting for a period of time, and detecting the types of the phenols by observing color changes. The method can realize rapid and sensitive detection of the phenol substances.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection method of phenols, belonging to the technical field of detection of phenols.
Background
Phenol compounds are a toxic environmental pollutant and are often present in various water resources, such as surface water, underground water and the like. Researches show that the phenol compounds are discharged in the environment in large quantities in the world every year, and the phenol compounds comprise agricultural sewage, industrial sewage, domestic sewage and the like. The polluted water has great harm to human body, and threatens the healthy development of human and ecological systems. Therefore, the development of qualitative and quantitative detection methods for phenol compounds is of great significance. In particular to an experimental method which is relatively simple, rapid and low in experimental cost. At present, with the development of the times, various methods for measuring phenol have been developed, such as electrochemical methods, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, chemiluminescence methods, and kinetic spectrophotometry. However, because of the similarity of phenol structures in phenol compounds, the removal method, photometry or individual detection of phenol homologues has always been a challenging problem in practical applications. Therefore, it is very interesting to develop a simple method for measuring or removing phenols.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a detection method of phenols, which can effectively solve the problems.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a detection method of phenols comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and dissolving alanine and secondary water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to synthesize alanine carbon quantum dots;
s2, mixing 4-aminoantipyrine and hydrogen peroxide, and adding the phenol substances to be detected to form a reaction system;
s3, adding the alanine carbon quantum dots synthesized in the step S1 into the reaction system in the step S2, reacting for a period of time, and detecting the types of the phenols by observing color changes.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the alanine in the secondary water is 0.05-0.1 mg/mL.
As a further improvement, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 180-220 ℃.
As a further improvement, the time of the hydrothermal reaction is 10-14 h.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the 4-aminoantipyrine in the reaction system is 0.10-4 mmol/L.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in the reaction system is 0.015-0.06 mmol/L.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the alanine carbon quantum dots in the reaction system is 0.02-0.2 mmol/L.
As a further improvement, the pH value of the reaction system is 7-9.
As a further improvement, the temperature of the reaction system is 25-60 ℃.
As a further improvement, the reaction time is 10-30 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the reaction system, on the premise of existence of hydrogen peroxide, 4-aminoantipyrine is used as a substrate to accept electrons, and the alanine carbon quantum dots synthesized by hydrothermal reaction are used as a mimic enzyme, so that the reaction of phenol substances can be catalyzed to generate colored quinones, the colors of the quinones generated by different phenol substances are different, and the phenol substances can be rapidly and sensitively detected by observing the colors.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of fluorescence and UV-VIS absorption spectra of alanine-CQDs provided in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of alanine-CQDs provided in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the reaction product of catechol (left), hydroquinone (middle) and resorcinol (right) with 4-aminoantipyrine catalyzed by carbon points as provided in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different pH values on the absorbance of the system provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of different temperatures on the absorbance of a system according to comparative example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of reaction time on absorbance of the system provided in comparative example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of 4-aminoantipyrine on the absorbance of the system as provided in comparative example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows the difference H in comparative example 5 of the present invention2O2And (3) a graph of the influence of concentration on the absorbance of the system.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of various CQDs concentrations on the absorbance of the system as provided in comparative example 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a linear correlation plot for the detection of catechol provided in the examples of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a linear correlation diagram for detecting hydroquinone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The embodiment of the invention provides a detection method of phenols, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and dissolving alanine and secondary water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to synthesize alanine carbon quantum dots;
s2, mixing 4-aminoantipyrine and hydrogen peroxide, and adding the phenol substances to be detected to form a reaction system;
s3, adding the alanine carbon quantum dots synthesized in the step S1 into the reaction system in the step S2, reacting for a period of time, and detecting the types of the phenols by observing color changes.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the alanine in the secondary water is 0.05-0.1 mg/mL.
As a further improvement, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 180-220 ℃.
As a further improvement, the time of the hydrothermal reaction is 10-14 h.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the 4-aminoantipyrine in the reaction system is 0.10-4 mmol/L.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in the reaction system is 0.015-0.06 mmol/L.
As a further improvement, the concentration of the alanine carbon quantum dots in the reaction system is 0.02-0.2 mmol/L.
As a further improvement, the pH value of the reaction system is 7-9.
As a further improvement, the temperature of the reaction system is 25-60 ℃.
As a further improvement, the reaction time is 10-30 min.
Example 1
Weighing 0.0264g L-alanine in a reaction kettle, adding 34mL of secondary water, stirring to dissolve completely to obtain 0.078mg/mL alanine solution, placing in an oven, reacting at 200 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling, filtering, and transferring to a 50mL centrifuge tube to obtain alanine-CQDs. The synthesized alanine-CQDs are characterized by spectra and a transmission electron microscope, and emit bright blue fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, as shown in figure 1 and figure 2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, alanine-CQDs are excited at 338nm, and the emission wavelength is 408 nm. As is clear from the TEM image of FIG. 2, alanine has a uniform distribution of carbon points and a uniform particle size, and the average particle size is about 2 nm.
Example 2
In this example, 4-aminoantipyrine was used as a peroxidase substrate, and the alanine-CQDs synthesized in example 1 were used to catalyze the reaction of diphenols in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The specific experimental determination process comprises adding 1000 μ L into a cuvette200mg/L of 4-aminoantipyrine and 20. mu.L of 4.9mmol/L H2O2Adding a certain volume of analyte (o-, m-and hydroquinone) into the aqueous solution, adding 2.0mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with the pH value of 8.5, adding a certain volume of secondary distilled water, keeping the total volume of the cuvette before and after reaction to be 3070 mu L, placing the cuvette in a constant temperature and holding device (35 ℃) for constant temperature reaction for 60 seconds, quickly adding 30 mu L of synthetic alanine-CQDs into the cuvette, keeping the total volume of the reactant in the cuvette to be 3.1mL, reacting at 35 ℃ for 20min, and recording the light absorption value.
In this example, 4-aminoantipyrine was used as a reaction substrate, and a phenol compound was reacted with 4-aminoantipyrine to produce a colored benzoquinone compound. The mechanism is that alanine-CQDs catalyzes hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl free radicals, the hydroxyl free radicals provide electrons for phenols to generate phenolic hydroxyl free radicals, and the phenolic hydroxyl free radicals are rapidly combined with amino on a 4-aminoantipyrine aromatic ring to generate a ring opening reaction to generate the colored product quinone. Different products corresponding to the benzenediols are different, the color changes corresponding to the benzenediols and the p-hydroquinones can be clearly seen after the experiment reaction is carried out for twenty minutes, and the corresponding colors are pink and pink orange respectively (figure 3). Thus showing that the catalytic effect on catechol is stronger. Resorcinol does not react and alanine-CQDs have no catalytic effect on it.
Example 3
The water sample contains more substances coexisting with the benzenediol substances, the coexisting substances have interference phenomena on the detection of the phenol substances, and the interference substances are determined by adopting a standard addition method in an experiment. CQDs are used for directly catalyzing a mixture of catechol added by standard in experiments, interference substances with different concentrations and different types which possibly coexist are respectively added, and the maximum limit for measuring the coexisting interference substances is determined by that the relative error of the experiments is less than 5%. The results of the experiments are shown in the following table. As can be seen from the experimental results, acetate ion and SO4 2-、NO3-Glucose, Cl-And Br-The effect on the experimental results is very small when the concentration of (A) is 100 times greater than the analyte concentration. Ca2+ Concentrations 50 times greater than the analyte concentration have an effect on the experiment,Mg2+the effect on the experiment is that the concentration is 5 times greater than the analyte concentration, Zn2+The concentration is equal to the analyte concentration and has an effect on the experiment. Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+O-aminophenol, 3-aminophenol, which had a serious influence on the experiment. Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+The reaction is greatly affected because it oxidizes benzenediols, which we can mask with EDTA before the experiment, and aminophenols and methylphenols have a serious effect on the experiment due to the similar structure and close chemical properties of these phenols to benzenediols, but they are less water soluble than benzenediols, and we can take some pretreatment steps to eliminate or reduce their interference.
Comparative example 1
Tris-HCl buffer solution is selected, the pH range is from 7.1 to 8.9, and other operations are the same as those in the example 2. pH is an important factor in enzyme-catalyzed reactions, which directly affects the rate of enzyme catalysis and inhibits the activity of the enzyme, and likewise is critical for the simulation of enzymes. Therefore, a Tris-HCl buffer solution is selected, the pH range is from 7.1 to 8.9, and experiments show that the absorption of the corresponding ultraviolet spectrum is gradually increased along with the increase of the pH value (figure 4). Since the enzyme is suitable for the reaction under mild conditions, a Tris-HCl buffer solution having an optimum pH of 8.5 is selected.
Comparative example 2
The reaction temperature was controlled within the range of 25 to 60 ℃ and the other operations were the same as in example 2. Like pH, reaction temperature is also an important factor for enzyme-catalyzed reactions. As can be seen from FIG. 5, in the temperature range of 25 to 60 ℃, the absorbance of the system gradually increased as the reaction temperature increased. The subsequent experiment was carried out with 35 ℃ as the fixed temperature. Therefore, the optimum reaction temperature was selected to be 35 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The reaction time was controlled differently and the other operations were the same as in example 2. FIG. 6 shows the change of absorbance of the system with time, which is the change of absorbance at a scanning wavelength of 400-650 nm, and the absorbance in the band is repeatedly scanned within 30 min. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the absorbance of each wavelength gradually increases within 30min, but the absorbance increases more rapidly in the former period, and then gradually decreases to the later period, so we choose the reaction time to be 20 min.
Comparative example 4
The other operations were the same as in example 2, except that the concentration of 4-aminoantipyrine was varied. 4-aminoantipyrine is used as a reaction matrix, and the change of the absorbance of the system along with the concentration is shown in figure 7. When the concentration is increased, the absorbance increases with the increase, and when a certain value is reached, the absorbance decreases, indicating that the substance is in excess. The concentration range of the 4-aminoantipyrine is 0.190-3.161 mmol/L, and when the addition amount of the 4-aminoantipyrine is 0.316mmol/L, the absorbance reaches the maximum.
Comparative example 5
Control of different H2O2The concentration and other operations were the same as in example 2. As is clear from FIG. 8, the absorbance of the system increased as the H2O2 concentration increased, and the absorbance decreased and the H2O2 became excessive at a constant value, and the experiment was conducted with the investigation of H2O2 concentration2O2The concentration is in the range of 0.015 to 0.253mmol/L, so that the optimum concentration is 0.032 mmol/L.
Comparative example 6
The other procedures were the same as in example 2, except that the concentration of alanine-CQDs was controlled differently. From FIG. 9, it can be seen that when the CQDs concentration is increased, the light absorption value of the system is also increased, the catalytic effect is enhanced, and when a certain value is reached, the CQDs are excessive, and the light absorption value is not increased any more and is basically stable. The experiment researches that the concentration range of CQDs is 0-0.196 mmol/L, and the optimal concentration of CQDs selected finally is 0.084 mmol/L.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A detection method of phenols is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing and dissolving alanine and secondary water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to synthesize alanine carbon quantum dots;
s2, mixing 4-aminoantipyrine and hydrogen peroxide, and adding the phenol substances to be detected to form a reaction system;
s3, adding the alanine carbon quantum dots synthesized in the step S1 into the reaction system in the step S2, reacting for a period of time, and detecting the types of the phenols by observing color changes.
2. The method for detecting phenolic substances according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the alanine in the secondary water is 0.05-0.1 mg/mL.
3. The method for detecting phenolic substances according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 180-220 ℃.
4. The detection method of phenol substances according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction time is 10-14 hours.
5. The method for detecting phenolic substances according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the 4-aminoantipyrine in the reaction system is 0.10-4 mmol/L.
6. The method for detecting phenol substances according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in the reaction system is 0.015 to 0.06 mmol/L.
7. The method for detecting phenol substances according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the alanine carbon quantum dots in the reaction system is 0.02-0.2 mmol/L.
8. The method for detecting phenolic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH of the reaction system is 7-9.
9. The method for detecting phenol substances according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the reaction system is 25 to 60 ℃.
10. The method for detecting phenolic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction time is 10-30 min.
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