CN112857969A - Deep high-stress rock mechanical crushing characteristic testing method - Google Patents
Deep high-stress rock mechanical crushing characteristic testing method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0053—Cutting or drilling tools
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical crushing characteristic testing method for deep high-stress rock, which adopts an experimental system comprising a confining pressure loading unit, an impact drilling unit, a supporting unit, a data acquisition unit and a laser velocimeter, wherein a cylindrical rock sample is arranged in the confining pressure loading unit, the impact drilling unit is provided with one axial end which is arranged in a centering way at intervals, and the supporting unit is tightly attached to the other axial end of the sample in the centering way; applying controllable annular hydrostatic confining pressure on the sample through a confining pressure loading unit; applying impact energy to the center position of one end surface of the rock sample through an impact drilling unit; impact energy data are obtained through a laser velocimeter, and strain data are collected through a data acquisition unit; and calculating the critical failure load of the rock sample under different hydrostatic confining pressure conditions according to a one-dimensional stress wave theory, and evaluating the cuttability of the high-stress rock mass and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit according to the critical failure load, the rock sample surface drilling depth and the average fragment size of the rock sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock crushing performance testing, and particularly relates to a mechanical crushing characteristic testing method for deep high-stress rock.
Background
With the rapid development of human society, the demands for resources and space are increasing day by day, and many rock projects inevitably move to the deep part of the earth, such as mining, tunnels, water conservancy, national defense projects, nuclear waste containment and the like. The breaking and excavating of the rock is the foundation of the engineering construction.
In a long period of time, the drilling and blasting method is the most common rock breaking method, but the drilling and blasting method has the defects of operation danger, difficulty in controlling over-excavation and under-excavation, low energy utilization rate, large derivative damage and the like, and is contrary to the safe, efficient and green principle required by the modern industry. Meanwhile, deep rocks are subjected to high ground stress, so that engineering disasters such as rock burst, water inrush, large-range collapse and the like are easily caused by blasting, and a large amount of casualties and economic losses are caused. Therefore, in order to realize safe and efficient deep rock crushing and meet the requirement of high-speed and healthy development of national economy, the traditional pattern mainly based on rock crushing by a drilling and blasting method must be broken through.
In recent years, with the rapid development of manufacturing industry, many non-explosive continuous excavation methods and devices based on mechanical rock breaking, such as cantilever type excavators, roller rock breakers, full face excavators and the like, have emerged and are widely applied to projects such as shallow tunnels, coal mines and the like. Practice shows that compared with drilling and blasting excavation, mechanical excavation has the advantages of high safety, high production efficiency, good operation environment, low labor intensity and the like. However, in deep hard rock engineering, due to the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high integrity, high abrasiveness and the like of the rock body, the drill bit is seriously worn, even the drill bit is stuck, and the drilling cost is greatly increased. Meanwhile, due to the high ground stress occurrence environment of the deep rock body, equivalently, the rock body of the working face is subjected to confining pressure, so that the rock is more difficult to crush. Furthermore, the local dynamic disturbances caused by mechanical rock drilling may even induce dynamic damages such as rock burst. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the mechanical rock breaking in deep hard rock engineering, it is urgently needed to design a reasonable drilling machine based on disclosing the mechanical rock-punching and breaking characteristics of the high-stress rock mass.
At present, the research on cutting and crushing of rock machinery at home and abroad mainly focuses on the crushing characteristics of rocks of various drilling machines under the static loading condition, such as a method and a device for applying CN200680042510.9 to rock drilling operation, a testing device for measuring drilling characteristics of CN200910118933.X PDC and the like. However, in such devices, the effect of dynamic impact is not considered, and the influence of the high stress state of the deep face rock mass on the drilling effect and the drill bit wear is not considered.
Some experimental devices have made preliminary attempts to comprehensively consider initial stress and rock drilling disturbance, such as "CN 201210453765.1 a high stress rock drilling experimental device", but the magnitude of dynamic disturbance is significantly lower than that of actual impact rock drilling. A large number of experiments, theoretical researches and engineering practices show that due to high energy accompanied by high stress, the dynamic response rule and the crushing characteristic of deep rock mass are completely different from those of shallow low-stress or unstressed rock mass.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for impact drilling while loading initial hydrostatic confining pressure on a rock sample, which simulates the real drilling working condition when a deep rock body is mined and obtains the damage characteristics of rock materials under different initial hydrostatic confining pressure and dynamic impact drilling conditions.
The invention provides a mechanical crushing characteristic testing method for deep high-stress rock, which adopts an experimental system comprising a confining pressure loading unit, an impact drilling unit, a supporting unit, a data acquisition unit and a laser velocimeter, wherein a cylindrical rock sample is arranged in the confining pressure loading unit, the impact drilling unit is arranged at one axial end at intervals and is centered, and the supporting unit is tightly attached to the other axial end of the sample; applying controllable annular hydrostatic confining pressure on the sample through a confining pressure loading unit; applying impact energy to the center position of one end surface of the rock sample through an impact drilling unit; impact energy data are obtained through a laser velocimeter, and strain data are collected through a data acquisition unit; and calculating the critical failure load of the rock sample under different hydrostatic confining pressure conditions according to a one-dimensional stress wave theory, and evaluating the cuttability of the high-stress rock mass and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit according to the critical failure load, the rock sample surface drilling depth and the average fragment size of the rock sample.
In an embodiment of the method, the confining pressure loading unit includes a rigid cylinder having an axial center hole and an annular oil groove, the rigid cylinder is made of a high-strength alloy, the annular oil groove corresponds to the middle periphery of the axial center hole, an oil-separating rubber sleeve is disposed at the intersection of the annular oil groove and the axial center hole, and the sample is installed in the oil-separating rubber sleeve in an interference manner.
In one embodiment of the above method, the annular oil groove is connected to an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline, the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline are connected to an oil pump, and the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline are respectively connected to a solenoid valve.
In one embodiment of the method, the percussion drilling unit comprises a power generating device, an entry drill rod and a drill bit, the entry drill rod and the drill bit being detachably connected by a fastener, the power generating device applying a dynamic load to the entry drill rod.
In one embodiment of the above method, the support unit includes a transmission rod and a damper, the damper is connected to an outer end of the transmission rod, and an inner end of the transmission rod is in close contact with an end face of the rock sample.
In an embodiment of the above method, the data acquisition unit includes a dynamic strain gauge, a wheatstone bridge, a super-dynamic strain gauge, an oscilloscope and a computer system, the dynamic strain gauge is respectively attached to the middle portions of the incident drill rod and the transmission rod and connected to the dynamic strain gauge through the wheatstone bridge, and the dynamic strain gauge, the oscilloscope and the computer system are connected through a data line to ensure the display and storage of strain data.
In one embodiment of the above method, the incident drill rod and the drill bit are made of the same high-strength metal material so as to avoid catadioptric phenomena at the interface.
In one embodiment of the above method, the diameter of the sample is the same as the diameter of the axial center hole of the rigid cylinder, and the diameter of the transmission rod is the same as the diameter of the rock sample.
In one embodiment of the above method, the rock sample fragmentation test comprises the steps of:
(1) installing a rock sample in an oil separation rubber sleeve in the rigid cylinder in an interference manner;
(2) an incident drill rod and drill bit integral piece and a transmission rod and damper integral piece are respectively arranged at two axial ends of a rock sample, the transmission rod is tightly contacted with one end of the rock sample, and a specified distance is reserved between the drill bit and the rock sample;
(3) dynamic strain gauges are respectively adhered to the middle parts of the transmission rod and the incidence drill rod and are connected with a dynamic strain gauge and an oscilloscope through a Wheatstone bridge;
(4) adjusting the positions of the incident drill rod, the drill bit and the transmission rod to ensure that the incident drill rod, the drill bit and the transmission rod are coaxial with the rock sample;
(5) the oil pump works, and oil is injected into an annular oil groove in the rigid cylinder to apply annular hydrostatic confining pressure to the rock sample to a specified value;
(6) standing for 5-10 minutes to stabilize the test system;
(7) the power generation device works to apply dynamic load to the injection drill rod, so that the drill bit impacts a rock sample, and the instantaneous speed of the drill bit impacting the surface of the rock sample is measured through the laser velocimeter;
(8) storing the stress waveform recorded by the oscilloscope through a computer system;
(9) repeating the steps (1) to (8), and gradually increasing the impact energy of the drill bit on the rock sample to finally break the rock sample;
(10) repeating the steps (1) to (9), and changing the hydrostatic confining pressure of the rock sample to finally crush the rock sample;
(11) and calculating the critical failure load of the rock under each hydrostatic confining pressure condition according to a one-dimensional stress wave theory.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: in step (11), according toOne-dimensional stress wave principle, using elastic modulus E of drill rodIAnd cross-sectional area AICalculating the change process of the dynamic rock punching force F according to the following formula:
F(t)＝EIAI[εI(t)+εR(t)]。
according to the invention, the rock sample is fixed in the confining pressure loading unit, and one end of the rock sample is supported by the supporting unit, so that the actual situation before deep rock mass exploitation is simulated. The confining pressure loading unit can apply controllable annular hydrostatic confining pressure to the rock sample, and axial rock drilling impact dynamic load is applied to the rock sample through the impact drilling unit, and strain data are adopted through the data acquisition unit. The annular hydrostatic confining pressure applied to the rock sample by the confining pressure loading unit is controllable, so that the stress states of the rock sample under different working conditions can be set, and the critical failure load of the rock under each hydrostatic confining pressure condition is calculated according to a one-dimensional stress wave theory. The cuttability of the high-stress rock body and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit can be comprehensively evaluated through parameters such as critical load, drill bit penetration depth, average fragment blocking degree and the like to obtain impact breaking characteristics, drilling performance and wear parameters of the drilling tool, so that an optimal drill bit form can be designed and selected through the parameters. Thereby revealing the reasons of deep high-stress rock mass punching characteristics, rock breaking efficiency, drill bit wear characteristics, drill jamming and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental system applied in the testing method for mechanical breaking characteristics of deep high-stress rock disclosed in this embodiment includes a power generation device 1, an incident drill rod 2, a dynamic strain gauge 3, a drill bit 4, a laser velocimeter 5, a rigid cylinder 6, a rock sample 7, a transmission rod 8, a damper 9, a wheatstone bridge 10, an ultra-dynamic strain gauge 11, an oscilloscope 12, and a computer system 13.
The rigid cylinder 6 is made of high-strength alloy, an axial center hole and an annular oil groove are formed in the rigid cylinder, the annular oil groove corresponds to the middle periphery of the axial center hole, an oil separation rubber sleeve is arranged at the intersection of the annular oil groove and the axial center hole, and a sample is installed in the oil separation rubber sleeve.
In the embodiment, the annular oil groove is filled with the hydraulic oil through the oil pump, so the annular oil groove needs to be connected with the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline, and the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline need to be connected with the electromagnetic valve to realize the on-off of the oil way. The oil pump and the oil inlet and outlet lines are not shown in the figure.
The oil pump can provide 0-200MPa pressure for the hydraulic oil in the annular oil groove.
The rock sample of this example is a cylindrical sample with a diameter of 75mm and an aspect ratio in the range of 0.5 to 1.0.
The rock sample 7 is mounted in the axial centre bore of the rigid cylinder and is subjected to hoop static pressure by hydraulic oil in the annular oil groove.
The diameter of the axial center hole of the rigid cylinder 6 is also designed to be 75mm in this embodiment, and the length of the annular oil groove corresponds to the length of the rock sample.
The rigid cylinder 6 is fixed on the rigid base, the rock sample 7 is arranged in the axial center hole of the rigid cylinder in an interference fit mode and corresponds to the annular oil groove, and the rock sample and the axial center hole are coaxial. Keep apart rock sample and hydraulic oil through separating oil rubber sleeve, prevent that the oil pressure from changing in the experimentation, avoid hydraulic oil to produce the influence to the experimental result simultaneously.
The transmission rod 8 is also designed to have a diameter of 75mm, has an inner end inserted into the rear end section of the axial center hole of the rigid cylinder 6 in an interference manner to be in close contact with the rear end face of the rock sample 7, and has an outer end connected to a damper 9 to be supported by the damper. Care was taken to ensure that the transmission rod 8 was coaxial with the rock sample 7.
The drill bit 4 is attached to one end of the incident drill rod 2 by a screw, both coaxial.
The assembly of the entrance drill rod 2 and the drill bit 4 is arranged coaxially with the rock sample 7 at the front end of a rigid cylinder at a distance from the latter.
The power generation device 1 is arranged on the outer side of the incident drill rod 2, and the power generation device 1 can apply dynamic load to the incident drill rod through a punch or a pendulum bob and also can apply dynamic load to the incident drill rod in an electromagnetic pulse mode.
In the embodiment, the punch is used for applying dynamic load to the injection drill rod, so that the punch needs to be arranged coaxially with the injection drill rod.
In summary, the punch, the entry drill rod 2, the drill bit 4, the rock sample 7 and the transmission rod 8 are arranged coaxially.
The incident drill rod 2 and the drill bit 4 are made of the same high-strength alloy material, so that the refraction and reflection at the junction of the incident drill rod and the drill bit are avoided, and meanwhile, the incident drill rod and the drill bit are connected and fastened through screws, and the incident drill rod and the drill bit are ensured to be in complete contact in the loading process.
The annular direction of the rock sample 7 applies hydrostatic confining pressure through hydraulic oil, the rear end of the rock sample is propped against the transmission rod and the damper, and only the front end of the rock sample is reserved as a rock drilling surface. Namely, the fixing mode of the rock sample 7 truly simulates the situation before deep rock mass exploitation.
The dynamic strain gauge 3 is respectively pasted at the middle positions of the incident drill rod 1 and the transmission rod 8 and is connected with the dynamic strain gauge 11 through a Wheatstone bridge 10, and the dynamic strain gauge 11 is connected with the oscilloscope 12 and the oscilloscope 12 is connected with the computer system 13 through data lines.
The rigid cylinder 6, the oil pump, the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline of the experimental system form a confining pressure loading unit of the embodiment, the power device 1, the incident drill rod 2 and the drill bit 4 form an impact drilling unit, the transmission rod and the damper form a supporting unit, and the dynamic strain gauge 3, the Wheatstone bridge 10, the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 11, the oscilloscope 12 and the computer system 13 form a data acquisition unit.
The experiment system simulates static load of deep high-stress rock mass in actual engineering through the confining pressure loading unit, provides rock drilling dynamic load caused by a mechanical rock breaking machine through the impact drilling unit, monitors and records experiment signals through the data acquisition unit, and displays and analyzes the experiment signals.
The experiment system is also required to be provided with a laser velocimeter to measure the instantaneous speed of the drill bit impacting the surface of the rock sample, so that impact energy data of the impact drilling unit to the rock sample is obtained, the change process of the dynamic impact force F of the rock sample is calculated, and the critical failure load of the rock sample under the hydrostatic confining pressure condition is finally obtained.
The method for testing the breaking property of the rock sample after the system is assembled comprises the following steps:
(1) ensuring that the incident drill rod 2, the drill bit 4, the rock sample 7 and the transmission rod 8 are positioned on a concentric axis;
(2) according to the experimental design requirements, hydraulic oil is slowly injected into an annular oil groove in the rigid cylinder through an oil pump, annular hydrostatic confining pressure is applied to the rock sample through the hydraulic oil to a specified value, and specific confining pressure data can be accurately measured through a pressure gauge on the oil pump;
(3) after the annular hydrostatic confining pressure loading is finished, standing the experimental system to enable the experimental system to tend to a stable state;
(4) the trigger power generation device 1 applies dynamic load to the incident drill rod, incident waves are formed in the incident drill rod, and the incident drill rod and the drill bit are driven to impact the surface of the rock at a high speed;
(5) measuring the instantaneous speed of the drill bit impacting the rock surface on the front side of the rigid cylinder 6 by using the laser velocimeter 5, and calculating impact energy according to the instantaneous speed;
(6) rod strain information in the experimental process can be obtained through the dynamic strain gauge 3 and the dynamic strain gauge 11, and test data are displayed and stored through the oscilloscope 12 and the computer system 13;
(7) repeating the steps (1) to (6), and gradually increasing impact energy to ensure that the rock sample is not crushed and is transited to crushing;
(8) repeating the steps (1) - (7) after changing the hydrostatic confining pressure of the rock sample;
(9) according to the principle of one-dimensional stress wave, using incident wave epsilonI(t), reflected wave εR(t) spring mode E of incident drill rodIAnd cross-sectional area AICalculating the change process of the dynamic rock punching force F according to the following formula:
F(t)＝EIAI[εI(t)+εR(t)]
therefore, the dynamic loading peak force, namely the critical load of the rock sample from the non-broken state to the broken state is obtained.
And the cuttability of the high-stress rock body and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit can be comprehensively evaluated through parameters such as critical load, drilling depth of the drill bit, average fragment lumpiness and the like. The optimal drill bit form can be selected through the parameter design.
Therefore, the invention can reveal the reasons of deep high-stress rock mass punching characteristics, rock breaking efficiency, drill bit abrasion characteristics, drill sticking and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A deep high-stress rock mechanical crushing characteristic testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method adopts an experimental system comprising a confining pressure loading unit, an impact drilling unit, a supporting unit, a data acquisition unit and a laser velocimeter, wherein a cylindrical rock sample is arranged in the confining pressure loading unit, the impact drilling unit is arranged at one axial end in a centering way at intervals, and the supporting unit is arranged at the other axial end of the sample in a clinging and centering way;
applying controllable annular hydrostatic confining pressure on the sample through a confining pressure loading unit; applying impact energy to the center position of one end surface of the rock sample through an impact drilling unit; impact energy data are obtained through a laser velocimeter, and strain data are collected through a data acquisition unit;
and calculating the critical failure load of the rock sample under different hydrostatic confining pressure conditions according to a one-dimensional stress wave theory, and evaluating the cuttability of the high-stress rock mass and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit according to the critical failure load, the rock sample surface drilling depth and the average fragment size of the rock sample.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the confining pressure loading unit comprises a rigid cylinder body with an axial center hole and an annular oil groove, the rigid cylinder body is made of high-strength alloy, the annular oil groove corresponds to the middle periphery of the axial center hole, an oil separation rubber sleeve is arranged at the intersection of the annular oil groove and the axial center hole, and the sample is arranged in the oil separation rubber sleeve in an interference fit mode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the annular oil groove is connected with an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline, the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline are connected to an oil pump, and the oil inlet pipeline and the oil outlet pipeline are respectively connected with an electromagnetic valve.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the impact drilling unit comprises a power generation device, an incident drill rod and a drill bit, the incident drill rod and the drill bit are detachably connected through a fastening piece, and the power generation device applies dynamic load to the incident drill rod.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the supporting unit comprises a transmission rod and a damper, the damper is connected to the outer end of the transmission rod, and the inner end of the transmission rod is in close contact with the end face of the rock sample.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the data acquisition unit comprises a dynamic strain gauge, a Wheatstone bridge, a super dynamic strain gauge, an oscilloscope and a computer system, wherein the dynamic strain gauge is respectively adhered to the middle parts of the incident drill rod and the transmission rod and is connected with the dynamic strain gauge through the Wheatstone bridge, and the dynamic strain gauge, the oscilloscope and the computer system are respectively connected through data lines to ensure the display and storage of strain data.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein: the incident drill rod and the drill bit are made of the same high-strength metal material so as to avoid catadioptric phenomena at an interface.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the rock sample is the same as that of the axial center hole of the rigid cylinder, and the diameter of the transmission rod is the same as that of the rock sample.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the rock sample fracture test comprises the steps of:
(1) installing a rock sample in an oil separation rubber sleeve in the rigid cylinder in an interference manner;
(2) an incident drill rod and drill bit integral piece and a transmission rod and damper integral piece are respectively arranged at two axial ends of a rock sample, the transmission rod is tightly contacted with one end of the rock sample, and a specified distance is reserved between the drill bit and the rock sample;
(3) dynamic strain gauges are respectively adhered to the middle parts of the transmission rod and the incidence drill rod and are connected with a dynamic strain gauge and an oscilloscope through a Wheatstone bridge;
(4) adjusting the positions of the incident drill rod, the drill bit and the transmission rod to ensure that the incident drill rod, the drill bit and the transmission rod are coaxial with the rock sample;
(5) the oil pump works, and oil is injected into an annular oil groove in the rigid cylinder to apply annular hydrostatic confining pressure to the rock sample to a specified value;
(6) standing for 5-10 minutes to stabilize the test system;
(7) the power generation device works to apply dynamic load to the injection drill rod, so that the drill bit impacts a rock sample, and the instantaneous speed of the drill bit impacting the surface of the rock sample is measured through the laser velocimeter;
(8) storing the stress waveform recorded by the oscilloscope through a computer system;
(9) repeating the steps (1) to (8), and gradually increasing the impact energy of the drill bit on the rock sample to finally break the rock sample;
(10) repeating the steps (1) to (9), and changing the hydrostatic confining pressure of the rock sample to finally crush the rock sample;
(11) and calculating the critical failure load of the rock under each hydrostatic confining pressure condition according to a one-dimensional stress wave theory.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: in the step (11), according to the principle of one-dimensional stress wave, the elastic die E of the drill rod is utilizedIAnd cross-sectional area AICalculating the change process of the dynamic rock punching force F according to the following formula:
F(t)＝EIAI[εI(t)+εR(t)]。
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| CN118294298A (en) * | 2024-06-05 | 2024-07-05 | 东北大学 | Drop hammer test method for design process of deep engineering machinery rock breaking equipment |
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