Method for adaptively monitoring torsional vibration state of generator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering and automation thereof, and particularly relates to a method for adaptively monitoring a torsional vibration state of a generator.
Background
The generation of motor subsynchronous resonance is related to the structure of a regional power grid, the triggering probability of subsynchronous resonance is increased by the series capacitance compensation of a power transmission line, direct-current power transmission, feedback effects of an improperly-installed power system stabilizer, a generator excitation system, a silicon controlled control system and an electro-hydraulic regulation system and the like, different generators are different in shafting structure and are also different in influence of network subsynchronous oscillation interference, light persons are not influenced, and serious persons are likely to have serious accidents of shafting damage due to subsynchronous oscillation;
the torsional vibration frequency parameters used by the currently used torsional vibration monitoring devices are mainly obtained by two steps: 1. establishing a shafting model according to the structural state of the generator, calculating the torsional vibration frequency of each order through simulation, injecting interference into the generator in the running state of the generator, testing by taking the simulated and calculated torsional vibration frequency as a central range, comparing the motor torsional vibration amplitude caused by interference of the same degree under different frequencies, selecting the interference frequency corresponding to the maximum value, and considering that the test value is close to the true value of the inherent frequency of the generator;
however, the parameters obtained by the above steps have problems: the method is characterized in that the torsional vibration frequency is tested by injecting interference into the generator, the test is usually carried out under a fixed power grid working condition, in fact, under different working conditions, the frequency of subsynchronous resonance has a slight difference, but the bandwidth of the natural frequency is narrow and is not more than 0.1Hz according to experience, and then after the working condition is changed, once the resonance frequency exceeds the range, the torsional vibration amplitude value calculated through original modal parameters is greatly reduced, so that the method for adaptively monitoring the torsional vibration state of the generator is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for adaptively monitoring the torsional vibration state of a generator, wherein the frequency parameters participating in torsional vibration analysis can be finely adjusted along with the working condition, so that the method is more accurate; the band-pass filtering bandwidth of the torsional vibration analysis is narrowed, the influence of adjacent order torsional vibration and the influence of interference are reduced, the obtained torsional vibration amplitude is more accurate, and the reliability of monitoring and protecting equipment is improved; the shafting parameter of dynamic analysis motor provides the possibility that same equipment is applicable to multiple motors, and torsional vibration supervisory equipment can large-scale standardized production, has reduced manufacturing cost, in use, has also reduced the fortune dimension cost that test cost and part replacement etc. produced.
The embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for adaptively monitoring a torsional vibration state of a generator, comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing system parameters, wherein the initialized parameters comprise low-frequency oscillation inherent frequency, inherent frequency division regions, amplitude lower limit of amplitude frequency curve considered to trigger torsional oscillation, number of cached inherent frequency values, filtering bandwidth of inherent frequency, and setting a cache accumulated value;
s2, obtaining an amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, performing Fourier analysis after conventional selection and processing of the rotating speed signal, and obtaining the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve;
s3, analyzing the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve obtained by Fourier analysis, and determining whether a part exceeding a set lower limit value exists;
s4, obtaining the natural frequency, and when the number of the cache values in the program does not reach the set accumulated number, calculating the average value of all the current cache values as the natural frequency;
and S5, analyzing the torsional vibration amplitude, wherein the natural frequency obtained in the step can be used for analyzing the torsional vibration amplitude, so that the torsional vibration fatigue accumulation of a shafting and the protection alarm action are completed.
Preferably, the fourier analysis in step S2 is specifically: a section of rotating speed signal with fixed time length is selected, so that the time length of sampling needs to be specified in the algorithm, and continuous and sectional sampling is carried out.
Preferably, the step S3 of analyzing the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve obtained by the fourier analysis includes the specific steps of:
1) Segmenting the curve according to the frequency region divided by the current natural frequency value and the region parameter thereof, and respectively calculating the natural frequency;
2) Judging whether a part exceeding a set lower limit value exists in a certain natural frequency region, wherein the amplitude and the states of different-order natural frequency torsional vibration are set respectively and obtained according to model simulation or experience, so that the influence of interference can be reduced, and the calculated amount is reduced;
3) If the inherent frequency has a part exceeding the set lower limit value, the maximum value point is taken out, the maximum value point is selected, and the frequency value corresponding to the point is taken as the accumulated value to be cached.
Preferably, when the number of buffer values in step S4 exceeds the set value in step S1, the latest integrated value is taken, and the average value of these values is still taken as the natural frequency.
Preferably, the number of the buffered values is calculated by taking the product of the number of the buffered natural frequency values and the sampling time of the fourier analysis involved in step S3, that is, the time for finishing the gradual change of the natural frequency in the continuous oscillation state caused by the change of the working condition.
Preferably, the natural frequency in the step S4 may be returned to an initial stage of calculation, and the shafting torsional vibration mode diagram and the S-N curve are calculated in cooperation with physical data of the shafting structure, so that the monitoring device may dynamically analyze the state of the generator, and more sensitive protection and accurate calculation may be completed.
Preferably, the initialization parameters in step S1 include a low-frequency oscillation natural frequency, a natural frequency dividing region, a lower limit of amplitude of a magnitude-frequency curve considered as triggering torsional oscillation, a number of cached natural frequency values, and a filtering bandwidth of the natural frequency.
Preferably, in step S1, according to the actually tested natural frequency, as an initial parameter input system, the natural frequency of the motor within the fundamental frequency generally has a second order or a third order, and an appropriate region width is set.
Preferably, the setting of the zone width has two conditions:
(1) The lower limit is determined by taking the input natural frequency as the center and in the range of the area width, and can contain the change of the natural frequency under all working conditions;
(2) The upper limit is that the ranges occupied by the natural frequencies of the respective orders do not overlap, and the initial parameters and the region width are set so as to roughly divide the range where the natural frequency of the respective orders exists.
10. A method of adaptively monitoring the torsional vibration of a generator, as defined in claim 3, wherein: the extreme value is selected to avoid the situation that the boundary value is mistakenly taken in the slope-shaped curve.
The embodiment of the application adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the frequency parameters participating in the torsional vibration analysis can be finely adjusted along with the working conditions, so that the method is more accurate;
2. the band-pass filtering bandwidth of the torsional vibration analysis is narrowed, the influence of adjacent order torsional vibration and the influence of interference are reduced, the obtained torsional vibration amplitude is more accurate, and the reliability of monitoring and protecting equipment is improved;
3. the shafting parameter of dynamic analysis motor provides the possibility that same equipment is applicable to multiple motors, and torsional vibration supervisory equipment can large-scale standardized production, has reduced manufacturing cost, in use, has also reduced the fortune dimension cost that test cost and part replacement etc. produced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for adaptively monitoring a torsional vibration state of a generator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a method for adaptively monitoring a torsional vibration state of a generator, which includes the following steps:
s1, initializing system parameters, wherein the initialized parameters comprise low-frequency oscillation natural frequency, a natural frequency division region, an amplitude lower limit of an amplitude-frequency curve which is considered to trigger torsional oscillation, the number of cached natural frequency values and a filtering bandwidth of the natural frequency, and setting a cache accumulated value;
s2, obtaining an amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, performing Fourier analysis after conventional selection and processing of the rotating speed signal, and obtaining the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve;
s3, analyzing the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve obtained by Fourier analysis, and determining whether a part exceeding a set lower limit value exists;
s4, obtaining the natural frequency, and when the number of the cache values in the program does not reach the set accumulated number, calculating the average value of all the current cache values as the natural frequency;
and S5, analyzing the torsional vibration amplitude, wherein the natural frequency obtained in the step can be used for analyzing the torsional vibration amplitude, so that the torsional vibration fatigue accumulation of the shafting and the protection alarm action are completed.
The fourier analysis in step S2 specifically includes: a section of rotating speed signal with fixed time length is selected, so that the time length of sampling needs to be specified in the algorithm, and continuous and sectional sampling is carried out.
The step S3 of analyzing the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve obtained by the fourier analysis includes the specific steps of:
1) Segmenting the curve according to the frequency region divided by the current natural frequency value and the region parameter thereof, and respectively calculating the natural frequency;
2) Judging whether a part exceeding a set lower limit value exists in a certain natural frequency region, setting the amplitude and the states of different orders of natural frequency torsional vibration respectively, and obtaining the amplitude according to model simulation or experience, so that the influence of interference can be reduced, and the calculated amount is reduced;
3) If the inherent frequency has a part exceeding the set lower limit value, the maximum value point is taken out, the maximum value is selected, and the frequency value corresponding to the point is taken as the accumulated value to be cached.
When the number of buffer values in step S4 exceeds the set value in step S1, the latest integrated value is obtained, and the average value of these values is still obtained as the natural frequency.
The number of the buffered values is calculated by taking the product of the number of the buffered natural frequency values and the sampling time of the fourier analysis involved in the step S3, that is, the time for finishing the gradual change of the natural frequency in the continuous oscillation state caused by changing the working condition.
The natural frequency in the step S4 can be returned to the initial stage of calculation, and the shafting torsional vibration mode diagram and the S-N curve are calculated by matching with the physical data of the shafting structure, so that the monitoring device can dynamically analyze the state of the generator, and more sensitive protection and accurate calculation can be completed.
The principle of the invention is as follows: according to the natural frequency of modeling calculation or actual test, the natural frequency is used as an initial parameter input system, the natural frequency of the motor within the fundamental frequency generally has second order or third order, a proper region width is set, and the region width is set with two conditions: 1. the lower limit is determined by taking the input natural frequency as the center and in the range of the area width, and can contain the change of the natural frequency under all working conditions; 2. the upper limit is that the occupied range of each order of natural frequency can not be overlapped, and the setting of initial parameters and region width is used for roughly dividing the range of each order of natural frequency;
carrying out Fourier analysis on the rotating speed signals in real time in a divided time window under the motor running state to obtain an amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, verifying whether a part exceeding the trigger amplitude exists in each frequency band range according to the trigger amplitude set aiming at each order of fixed mode, if so, selecting the frequency corresponding to the maximum value in the extreme values as an accumulated value of the mode frequency, and selecting the extreme values to avoid mistakenly selecting boundary values in a slope-shaped curve, such as the conditions of motor shutdown and the like;
setting the number of cached accumulated values according to requirements by combining the length of a Fourier analysis time window, wherein the initial values of the accumulated values are set natural frequencies, directly taking an average value when the accumulated values do not reach the set number in the initial stage, and when the accumulated values reach the set number, replacing the most original data with the latest data, still taking the average value of the accumulated values as the natural frequency of the motor under the current condition for synchronous oscillation, wherein the step can cause the delay of frequency value tracking but can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to prevent the influence of calculation errors when the working condition is suddenly changed;
the band-pass filtering is carried out by taking the natural frequency as the center, compared with the original method, the center is dynamic and is close to the real natural frequency of the motor under the working condition, and compared with the existing method, the band-pass filtering method can also be greatly narrowed, so that the accuracy of filtering is improved, and the interference influence is reduced;
for other parameters obtained by the natural frequency in the program, such as a shafting torsional vibration mode diagram and an S-N curve, real-time calculation can be carried out according to the dynamic parameters, so that the current state of the motor can be calculated more accurately.
In conclusion, the frequency parameters participating in the torsional vibration analysis can be finely adjusted along with the working conditions, so that the method is more accurate; the band-pass filtering bandwidth of the torsional vibration analysis is narrowed, the influence of adjacent order torsional vibration and the influence of interference are reduced, the obtained torsional vibration amplitude is more accurate, and the reliability of monitoring and protecting equipment is improved; the shafting parameter of dynamic analysis motor provides the possibility that same equipment is applicable to multiple motors, and torsional vibration supervisory equipment can large-scale standardized production, has reduced manufacturing cost, in use, has also reduced the fortune dimension cost that test cost and part replacement etc. produced.
It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises that element.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.