CN112856874B - Control method of electronic expansion valve for air-cooled screw heat pump - Google Patents
Control method of electronic expansion valve for air-cooled screw heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of an electronic expansion valve for an air-cooled screw heat pump, (1) under the conventional condition, after the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, a starting opening degree is given to the electronic expansion valve, the unit is subjected to soft loading, and firstly, the suction superheat degree is adopted for judgment: when the suction superheat Tsh is larger than the suction superheat stage distinguishing value, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting a suction superheat control mode; when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat stage distinguishing value, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting an exhaust temperature control mode; (2) on the basis of controlling the suction superheat degree and the exhaust superheat degree, the special condition protection control of 5 priorities, namely, load reduction of a compressor, suction pressure protection, exhaust superheat degree limit protection, exhaust temperature protection and suction superheat degree limit protection, is comprehensively considered, priority control strategies are respectively designed, the minimum fluctuation control of the electronic expansion valve is guaranteed more finely and stably, and accurate and stable control of the electronic expansion valve is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to central air-conditioning equipment, in particular to the technical field of air-cooled screw heat pump units, and more particularly relates to a control method of an electronic expansion valve for an air-cooled screw heat pump.
Background
The invention patent ZL201310436805.6 discloses an electronic expansion valve control method, as mentioned in the background of the invention, in a central air-conditioning equipment, the method of controlling the suction superheat degree of a compressor is usually adopted to adjust the opening or closing of the electronic expansion valve inside the air-conditioning equipment, so as to make the equipment operate normally. Meanwhile, in a patent (CN 106440582), the suction superheat degree control is also disclosed, and meanwhile, the exhaust superheat degree control is compatible, so that the equipment can normally operate.
However, under special conditions such as start-up, load-up and load-down of the air conditioning unit, large load change, defrosting of the air conditioning heat pump unit, and the like, the conditions of large opening fluctuation and frequent actions of the electronic expansion valve can occur, and especially the air-cooled screw heat pump unit placed outdoors affects the service life of the electronic expansion valve, and also causes unstable operation of the air conditioning system, large fluctuation of air conditioning load, and even the low evaporation pressure of the unit gives an alarm and cannot normally operate.
Therefore, how to avoid the influence on the service life of the electronic expansion valve caused by the large and small opening degree of the electronic expansion valve due to the adoption of the control of the suction superheat degree and the exhaust superheat degree when the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, loaded and unloaded; under the special conditions of large load change, defrosting of the air-cooled screw heat pump unit and the like, the electronic expansion valve cannot respond to the control speed according to conventional control, so that the air-cooled screw heat pump system is unstable in operation, even the unit has low evaporation pressure and gives an alarm, and the air-cooled screw heat pump system cannot normally operate, and the technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a control method of an electronic expansion valve for an air-cooled screw heat pump, aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the control method can realize accurate and stable control of the electronic expansion valve.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a control method of an electronic expansion valve for an air-cooled screw heat pump comprises the following steps:
step A, after the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, according to a set starting opening degree M of the electronic expansion valve, the unit carries out soft loading, and firstly, the suction superheat degree is adopted for judgment:
(1) when the suction superheat Tsh is larger than the suction superheat stage distinguishing value Tsh1, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting a suction superheat control mode, wherein the suction superheat control mode is as follows:
when the air suction superheat Tsh > (the air suction superheat target value T1g + the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by M1 in a real-time calculation period T1;
when the air suction superheat degree Tsh is less than or equal to (the air suction superheat degree target value T1 g-the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T) and less than or equal to (the air suction superheat degree target value T1g + the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged;
(2) when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat stage distinguishing value Tsh1, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting an exhaust temperature control mode, wherein the exhaust temperature control mode is as follows:
when the exhaust temperature T2' > (exhaust temperature target T2g + exhaust temperature deadband value T), the electronic expansion valve opening is increased by M1 for the real time calculation period T2;
when the exhaust temperature T2' < (exhaust temperature target value T2 g-exhaust temperature insensitive band value T), the electronic expansion valve opening is decreased by M1 within the real-time calculation period T2;
when the exhaust temperature is (the exhaust temperature T2 '-the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T) is less than or equal to the exhaust temperature T2' ≦ (the exhaust temperature target value T2g + the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged;
and step B, when the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, load is increased or decreased, load change is large and defrosting operation conditions are met, adopting a priority control method, specifically comprising the following steps of:
in priority 5, when the intake air superheat Tsh is greater than the target intake air superheat setting S2, the electronic expansion valve opening is increased by the setting M5 in the real-time calculation period T5.
Further, the setting ranges for the specific parameters are as follows:
the value range of the opening M of the electronic expansion valve is as follows: 45-70 parts of;
the value range of M1 is as follows: 1-3;
the value range of M2 is as follows: 4-7;
the value range of M3 is as follows: 1-5;
the value range of M4 is as follows: 1-5;
the value range of M5 is as follows: 1-3;
the value range of the target value T1g of the degree of superheat of the inspiration is as follows: 1-6;
the value range of the intake superheat insensitive zone value t is as follows: 0.2 to 2;
the value range of the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T is as follows: 2-4;
the value range of the low pressure protection set pressure P3 is as follows: 0.4 to 4.5;
the value range of the suction superheat protection set value S1 is as follows: -4 to-2;
the value range of S2 is as follows: 8-13;
the value range of the set exhaust overheating protection temperature Tsdh is as follows: 1-3;
the range of the suction superheat stage distinguishing value Tsh1 is as follows: 1.5 to 3.
Further, in the step A:
controlling the degree of superheat of inspiration: the opening M1 of the electronic expansion valve is obtained by calculating the period T1 in real time according to the following formula:
t1 ═ T6/ABS (Tsh-T1g-T), ABS is the absolute value function, T6 is the set time;
controlling the exhaust temperature: the opening M1 of the electronic expansion valve is obtained by calculating the period T2 in real time according to the following formula:
t2 ═ T7/ABS (T2-T2g-T), and T7 is the set time.
Further, in step B, the priority 3: when the air suction superheat degree Tsh is less than or equal to the air suction superheat degree protection set value S1 or the exhaust superheat degree Tdh is less than or equal to the exhaust superheat protection set temperature Tsdh, reducing the opening of the electronic expansion valve by 3% in a real-time calculation period T3 or T3';
the electronic expansion valve opening degree 3% real-time calculation period T3 and T3' are obtained according to the following formula:
t3 ═ T8/ABS (Tsh +2), T3 ═ T8/ABS (Tsh-Tsdh), and T8 is the set time.
Further, in step B, the priority 4: when the exhaust temperature T2' is not less than the exhaust temperature overhigh protection value T2p, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by 3 percent within the real-time calculation period T4;
the electronic expansion valve opening degree 3% real-time calculation period T4 is as follows: t4 ═ T9/ABS (T2-T2p), ABS being absolute function, T9 being set time.
Further, in the step B, the priority 5: when the air suction superheat Tsh is larger than an air suction superheat protection target set value S2, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by a set value 1% in a real-time calculation period T5;
the electronic expansion valve opening degree 1% real-time calculation period T5 is calculated according to the formula: t5 ═ T10/ABS (Tsh-10), ABS being absolute function, T10 being set time.
Furthermore, the value ranges of the set time T6 and the set time T7 are both 60 s-600 s.
Further, the value range of T8 is: 5 s-200 s.
Further, the value range of T9 is: 5 s-200 s.
Further, the value range of T10 is: 5 s-200 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the scheme designs control strategies of suction superheat and exhaust superheat, comprehensively considers the special condition protection control of 5 priorities of compressor load shedding, suction pressure protection, exhaust superheat limit protection, exhaust temperature protection and suction superheat limit protection on the basis of suction superheat and exhaust superheat control, and realizes accurate and stable control of the electronic expansion valve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling an electronic expansion valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: tsh: the degree of superheat of the inspiration; tsh 1: distinguishing values in the stage of the suction superheat degree; t2': the temperature of the exhaust gas; t2 g: an exhaust target temperature; t: the exhaust temperature does not sense the belt value; t1 g: a suction superheat target value; t: the value of the induction superheat insensitive zone; EEV: an electronic expansion valve; p1: suction pressure; p3: the low-pressure protection setting pressure; tsdh: exhaust superheat protection temperature; t2 p: an over-high protection value of the exhaust temperature; m, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 all represent electronic expansion valve openings; s1, S2: indicating the target suction superheat protection setting.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
A control method of an electronic expansion valve for an air-cooled screw heat pump, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
after the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, the unit carries out soft loading according to the set starting opening degree M of the electronic expansion valve;
step A, firstly, judging by adopting the suction superheat degree:
(1) when the suction superheat Tsh is larger than the suction superheat stage distinguishing value Tsh1, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting a suction superheat control mode, wherein the suction superheat control mode is as follows:
when the air suction superheat Tsh > (the air suction superheat target value T1g + the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by M1 in a real-time calculation period T1;
when the target value of the air suction superheat degree T1 g-the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T is less than or equal to the air suction superheat degree Tsh and less than or equal to the target value of the air suction superheat degree T1g + the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged;
controlling excessive inspiration: the opening M1 of the electronic expansion valve calculates the period T1 in real time according to the formula:
t1 ═ T6/ABS (Tsh-T1g-T), ABS: absolute, T1: control period, T6 setting time (unit: second);
(2) when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat stage distinguishing value Tsh1, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting an exhaust temperature control mode, wherein the exhaust temperature control mode is as follows:
when the exhaust temperature T2' > (exhaust temperature target value T2g + exhaust temperature deadband value T), the electronic expansion valve opening is increased by M1 for the real-time calculation period T2;
when the exhaust temperature T2' < (exhaust temperature target value T2 g-exhaust temperature insensitive band value T), the electronic expansion valve opening is decreased by M1 within the real-time calculation period T2;
when the exhaust temperature is (the exhaust temperature T2 '-the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T) is less than or equal to the exhaust temperature T2' ≦ (the exhaust temperature target value T2g + the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged;
controlling the exhaust temperature: the opening M1 of the electronic expansion valve calculates the period T2 in real time according to the formula: t2 ═ T7/ABS (T2-T2g-T), ABS absolute, T2: control period, T7 setting time (unit: second);
and step B, when the unit is started, load is increased or decreased, load change is large, defrosting operation and other special conditions are met, a control method with the following priority is adopted to more effectively ensure stable operation of the unit:
when the compressor is loaded, the electronic expansion valve increases the set value opening M2; when the compressor is unloaded, the electronic expansion valve reduces the set value opening M2;
when the suction pressure P1 is less than or equal to the low-pressure protection set pressure P3, the compressor is forcedly unloaded, and the opening of the electronic expansion valve is unchanged;
when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat protection set value S1 or the exhaust superheat Tdh is less than or equal to the exhaust superheat protection set temperature Tsdh, setting the control periods of the control periods to be T3 and T3 ', respectively, and reducing the set value M3 of the electronic expansion valve in the real-time calculation period T3 and T3';
the opening M3 of the electronic expansion valve calculates the period T3 in real time, T3' according to the formula: t3 ═ T8/ABS (Tsh +2), T3 ═ T8/ABS (Tsh-Tsdh), ABS: absolute, T3, T3': the control period, T8, sets the time (unit: seconds).
A setpoint M4; the opening M4 of the electronic expansion valve calculates the period T4 in real time according to the formula: t4 ═ T9/ABS (T2-T2p), ABS absolute, T4: the control period, T9, sets the time (unit: seconds).
The opening M4 of the electronic expansion valve calculates the period T4 in real time according to the formula: t4 ═ T9/ABS (T2-T2p), ABS absolute, T4: the control period, T9, sets the time (unit: sec).
when the intake superheat Tsh > the intake superheat target set value S2, the electronic expansion valve opening is increased by the set value M5 within the real-time calculation period T5.
The opening M5 of the electronic expansion valve calculates the period T5 in real time according to the formula: t5 ═ T10/ABS (Tsh-10), ABS absolute, T5: the control period, T10, sets the time (unit: seconds).
In this scheme, the value ranges of the target value, the dead band value, the set value, and the like are as follows:
the value range of M is as follows: 45-70 parts of;
the value range of M1 is as follows: 1-3;
the value range of M2 is as follows: 4-7;
the value range of M3 is as follows: 1-5;
the value range of M4 is as follows: 1-5;
the value range of M5 is as follows: 1-3;
the value range of T1g is as follows: 1-6;
the value range of t is as follows: 0.2 to 2;
the value range of T is as follows: 2-4;
the value range of P3 is as follows: 0.4 to 4.5;
the value range of S1 is as follows: -4 to-2;
the value range of S2 is as follows: 8-13;
the value range of T2p is as follows: 90-105 parts of;
the value range of Tsdh is as follows: 1-3;
the value range of Tsh 1: 1.5 to 3;
value range of T6: 60-600 parts;
the value range of T7 is as follows: 60-600 parts;
the value range of T8 is as follows: 5-200;
the value range of T9 is as follows: 5-200;
the value range of T10 is as follows: 5-200;
in this embodiment, preferably, the M set value is 55%, Tsh1 is 2, T1g is 1 (flooded), 5 (dry), T is 1, T is 3, M1 is 1, M2 is 5, P3 is 2.25 (flooded, refrigeration, R134a), S1 is-2, T2P is 100, Tsdh is 5(R134a), T6 is 200, T7 is 200, T8 is 50, T9 is 50, T10 is 50, specifically:
after the central air conditioning unit is started, the unit controller gives an opening degree to the electronic expansion valve, the conventional opening degree is given 55%, and the unit is started to run, and firstly, the suction superheat degree is adopted for judgment:
when the suction superheat Tsh is greater than 2, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting a suction superheat control mode:
when Tsh > (T1g + T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by 1%;
when the Tsh is more than or equal to (T1g-T) and less than or equal to Tsh and less than or equal to (T1g + T), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged;
and secondly, when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to 2, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting an exhaust temperature control mode.
When T2' > (T2g + T), the electronic expansion valve opening increases by 1%;
when T2' < (T2g-T), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is reduced by 1%;
when the opening of the electronic expansion valve is equal to (T2g-T) or less and equal to T2' or less and equal to (T2g + T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged.
And thirdly, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the priority of special conditions.
Priority 1:
when the capacity of the unit is adjusted and loaded, the electronic expansion valve is increased by 5 percent of opening; when the compressor is unloaded, the electronic expansion valve is reduced by 5 percent of opening degree;
priority 2:
when P1 is less than or equal to P3, the compressor is forcedly unloaded, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is unchanged, and the low-pressure protection set pressure P3 can be set according to actual needs.
Priority 3:
when the Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat degree protection set value S1 or the Tdh is less than or equal to the Tsdh, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is reduced by 3 percent;
priority 4:
when T2' > T2p, the electronic expansion valve opening increases by 3%.
Priority 5:
when Tsh >10, the electronic expansion valve opening increases by 1%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A control method of an electronic expansion valve for an air-cooled screw heat pump is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, after the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, according to a set starting opening M of the electronic expansion valve and a value range of the starting opening M of the electronic expansion valve: 45-70 parts of; soft loading is carried out on the unit, firstly, the degree of superheat of inspiration is adopted for judgment:
(1) when the suction superheat Tsh is larger than the suction superheat stage distinguishing value Tsh1, controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve by adopting a suction superheat control mode, wherein the suction superheat control mode is as follows:
when the air suction superheat Tsh > (the air suction superheat target value T1g + the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by M1 in a real-time calculation period T1, and the value range of M1 is as follows: 1-3;
when the air suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to (the air suction superheat target value T1 g-the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T) and less than or equal to (the air suction superheat target value T1g + the air suction superheat insensitive zone value T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged, and the value range of the air suction superheat target value T1g is as follows: 1-6, the value range of the air suction overheating insensitive area value t is as follows: 0.2 to 2;
(2) when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat stage division value Tsh1, the value range of the suction superheat stage division value Tsh1 is as follows: 1.5 ~ 3, adopt exhaust temperature control mode control electronic expansion valve opening, exhaust temperature control mode is:
when the exhaust temperature T2' > (the exhaust temperature target value T2g + the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T), the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by M1 in a real-time calculation period T2, and the value range of the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T is as follows: 2-4;
when the exhaust temperature T2' < (exhaust temperature target value T2 g-exhaust temperature insensitive band value T), the electronic expansion valve opening is decreased by M1 within the real-time calculation period T2;
when the exhaust temperature is (the exhaust temperature T2 '-the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T) is less than or equal to the exhaust temperature T2' ≦ (the exhaust temperature target value T2g + the exhaust temperature insensitive zone value T), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged;
and step B, when the air-cooled screw heat pump unit is started, load is increased or decreased, load change is large and defrosting operation conditions are met, adopting a priority control method, specifically comprising the following steps of:
priority 1, when the compressor is loaded, the electronic expansion valve increases the set value opening M2; when the compressor is unloaded, the electronic expansion valve reduces the value range of the set value opening degree M2 and M2: 4-7;
priority 2, when the suction pressure P1 is not more than the low-pressure protection set pressure P3, the compressor is forcibly unloaded, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is unchanged, and the value range of the low-pressure protection set pressure P3 is as follows: 0.4 to 4.5;
priority 3, when the suction superheat Tsh is less than or equal to the suction superheat protection set value S1 or the exhaust superheat Tdh is less than or equal to the exhaust superheat protection set temperature Tsdh, setting the control periods to be T3 and T3 ', respectively, and reducing the value ranges of the set values M3 and M3 of the opening of the electronic expansion valve in the real-time calculation periods T3 and T3': 1-5, the value range of the suction superheat protection set value S1 is as follows: -4 to-2, the value range of the set temperature Tsdh of the exhaust overheating protection is as follows: 1-3;
priority 4, when the exhaust temperature T2' is equal to or greater than the exhaust temperature overhigh protection value T2p, the opening of the electronic expansion valve increases the set value M4 in the real-time calculation period T4, and the value range of M4 is: 1-5;
priority 5, when the intake superheat Tsh is greater than the target intake superheat setting S2, the opening of the electronic expansion valve increases the setting M5, the value range of M5 in the real-time calculation period T5: 1-3, and the value range of S2 is as follows: 8 to 13.
2. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A:
controlling the suction superheat degree: the opening M1 of the electronic expansion valve is obtained by calculating the period T1 in real time according to the following formula:
t1 ═ T6/ABS (Tsh-T1g-T), ABS is the absolute value function, T6 is the set time;
controlling the exhaust temperature: the opening M1 of the electronic expansion valve is obtained by calculating the period T2 in real time according to the following formula:
t2 ═ T7/ABS (T2-T2g-T), and T7 is the set time.
3. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, the priority 3: when the air suction superheat degree Tsh is less than or equal to the air suction superheat degree protection set value S1 or the exhaust superheat degree Tdh is less than or equal to the exhaust superheat protection set temperature Tsdh, reducing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve by 3% in a real-time calculation period T3 and T3';
the electronic expansion valve opening degree 3% real-time calculation period T3 and T3' are obtained according to the following formula:
t3 ═ T8/ABS (Tsh +2), T3 ═ T8/ABS (Tsh-Tsdh), and T8 is the set time.
4. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, the priority 4: when the exhaust temperature T2' is not less than the exhaust temperature overhigh protection value T2p, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by 3 percent within the real-time calculation period T4;
the electronic expansion valve opening degree 3% real-time calculation period T4 is as follows: t4 ═ T9/ABS (T2-T2p), ABS being absolute function, T9 being set time.
5. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, the priority 5: when the air suction superheat Tsh is larger than an air suction superheat protection target set value S2, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased by a set value 1% in a real-time calculation period T5;
wherein, the electronic expansion valve opening degree 1% real-time calculation period T5 is according to the formula: t5 ═ T10/ABS (Tsh-10), ABS being absolute function, T10 being set time.
6. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the value ranges of the set time T6 and the set time T7 are both 60 s-600 s.
7. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: the value range of T8 is as follows: 5 s-200 s.
8. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: the value range of T9 is as follows: 5 s-200 s.
9. The control method of the electronic expansion valve for the air-cooled screw heat pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: the value range of the T10 is as follows: 5 s-200 s.
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